Transcript
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International Seminar/Workshop on Tsunmai:

“In Memoriam +,* Years of Krakatau Eruption-Tsunami

and Lesson Learned from Large Tsunami”

Yuichi NISHIMURA�

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Tsunami Information Center0I� Laura Kongj1IUGG Tsunami Commission���I ^,**-� 1"��d� Vacheslav Gusiakovj�/��J��%��J*!Kongj ��6����?9�L��s?'KL&*! Kongj � BMG�6�789��� -�s?'7�6���*W� EF�� �45���:;MN&'?*! Gusiakovj � ���=;�=��s?'<t&� �NOP�Q���R��������ST�s?'�K&*! 6�789 �����������UV�/����&�&���J'?�%�  7W�X?%U¡�/N¢£Y10�Z¤¢� N� ��UV�[�%/x�4)'?$?! 5,0� \¥x 7WB]%^&?_�`�aW5J'?�U¢l�¦b�/��2UV£���[�J§%� 6�789�0¨©IJ�ª�|1y)*!cd���«�H�� ��l�$��% ,¬ )*!�­� ��U¢-. -®� Achmad Djumarma

Wirakusumah0I%6�789���-.1¯e°±fg�s?'hª*! H?'� 76b�²:=³%���� _��� ´:=� -���Uµijl�¯eQR³a�¶�A<t&*! +�� � �­����¯e% ,**.�45�;=��!�*���U

�·*0*�*2+* ¸k�_¹_ +*l� 2m�_�`�l�lºjlQR»UV��QR¯e¼�;=Institute of Seismology and Volcanology, Graduate

School of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-+*,Nishi-2, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido *0*�*2+* Japan.

e-mail : [email protected]

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y��z" {�¤�6�6�(=�>�4|¥�¦!&'() +-*H��-��. $�|¥§Y���}(+��-��¨~�(�&mP�'�) +��;<��� 2��nC +�1�"=�>�4�����() $$�. +22-)�2m� w"#��>���+3,1)����s���'�3R�©`��\�4w=I=�>�4 (Photo ,) E3 .[���#�) 4w=I=�>�4���. -** m" ��. +* cm�yr���"c��\���$�"#�) �ª�n�%D3R. +330)��«p\E\){.�¬���­��`�|t�( �®�x�.�Qs��[�Es�() R2|¥�\��+��-��¨~��¯�%D��"#` x���o�\(�.!H\(s3Ds) =j {��p��8��°�"�#�() |¥�z.|t�(, {. +/ : -*�4�5�6� ,* km*�#�±�²�= (Merak) ��\() $$. +22-)����N��x� -0 m�³��(��"#�) ��.���´�����1�µ¶96�C�� ·��¸¹$��º���»�sE¼�E�\�) �-����. $$s�0�"��>��®��()

Photo +. From left to right, Vacheslav Gusiakov

(outgoing IUGG Tsunami Commission Chair),

Fauzi (Meteorological and Geophysical Agency,

Indonesia), Laura Kong (International Tsunami

Information Center Director), provided leader-

ship to construct recommendations to mitigate

future tsunami disaster in Indonesia.

Photo ,. A -** m high Anak Krakatau, which is

located at the north wall of the remaining

caldera rim and was formed at the first eruption

in +3,1.

- �    214

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��.{|}������}§��� ¨©35$�~K\w?|ª«{X@5�U~¬15�U 8��QSYA5�U3�$��Z?[gFzA�X�(Yokoyama, +32+, +321 ; Latter, +32+ : Self and Rampino,

+32+ ; Camus and Vincent, +32- ; Francis, +32/ ;

Sigurdsson et al., +33+ ; Nomambhoy and Satake, +33/ ; de

Lange et al., ,**+)� .{|}����§��� ��56,U����­nA�[®�\8 ¡���A��8 (Carey, +330, ,**+)� V�9£5¯�5°±�\�²�� ¡� ���])R³,A8�X´3µ£�

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Camus, G. and Vincent, P.M. (+32-) Discussion of a new

hypothesis for the Krakatau volcanic eruption in +22-. J.

Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., +3, +01�+1-.Carey, S., Sigurdsson, H., Mandeville, C. and Bronto, S.

(+330) Pyroclastic flows and surges over water : an ex-

ample from the +22- Krakatau eruption. Bull. Volcanol.,

/1, .3-�/++.Carey, S., Morelli, D., Sigurdsson, H. and Bronto, S.

(,**+) Tsunami deposits from major explosive eruptions :

an example from the +22- eruption of Krakatau. Geolo-

gy, ,3, -.1�-/*.de Lange, W. P., Prasetya, G. S. and Healy, T.R. (,**+)

Modelling of tsunamis generated by pyroclastic flows

(ignimbrites). Natural Hazards, ,., ,/+�,00.Francis, P.W. (+32/) The origin of the +22- Krakatau

tsunamis. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., ,/, -.3�-0-.Latter, J.H. (+32+) Tsunamis of volcanic origin : summary

of causes, with particular reference to Krakatoa, +22-.Bull. Volcanol., .., .01�.3*.

Nomanbhoy, N. and Satake, K. (+33/) Generation mecha-

nism of tsunamis from the +22- Krakatau eruption.

Geophys. Res. Lett., ,,, /*3�/+,.Self, S. and Rampino, M.R. (+32+) The +22- eruption of

Krakatau. Nature, ,3., 033�1*..Sigurdsson, H., Carey, S. and Mandeville (+33+) Subma-

rine pyroclastic flows of the +22- eruption of Krakatau

volcano. Nat. Geog. Res. Explor., 1, -+*�-,1.Yokoyama, I. (+32+) A geophysical interpretation of the

+22- Krakatau eruption. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 3,-/3�-12.

Yokoyama, I. (+321) A scenario of the +22- Krakatau

tsunami. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., -., +,-�+-,.

Photo -. Coral boulders carried up and deposited

by the +22- Krakatau tsunami. These tsunami

evidences are commonly seen around Anyer, a

seaside town /* km east from Krakatau volcano.

.{|}�T~ +,*�� ��¶�8·Y¸�¹��º�./»¦¼ 215


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