Kewirausahaan Ciri-ciri,Aspek,Memulai
Entrepreneur Indonesia
Indonesia : 0.18 %
Malaysia : 2,6 %
Thailand : 2,7 %
Singapura : 7,4 %
IDEALNYA : 2 %
Wikipedia.com
PURWANTO, PROF.DR. IR. Dipl.EP. DEA
LAHIR : DEMAK, 28 DESEMBER 1961
ALAMAT : JL. GANESHA TENGAH I/143 SEMARANG
E-mail : [email protected], [email protected]
HP : 081.5660.3569
PENDIDIKAN :
S1 TEKNIK KIMIA UNDIP, lulus th 1985
Sp1 TEKNOLOGI PROSES, INPL PRANCIS, lulus th 1990
S2, (DEA), TEKNIK KIMIA, INPT PRANCIS, lulus th 1991
S3, (DOKTOR), TEKNOLOGI PROSES, INPT PRANCIS, lulus th 1994
PEKERJAAN :
INSTRUKTUR - TRAINER HSE DAN TEKNOLOGI PROSES
KONSULTAN INDUSTRI
PENGAJAR TEKNIK KIMIA FT UNDIP, STEM-AKAMIGAS CEPU
PENGAJAR PROGRAM MAGISTER ILMU LINGKUNGAN, TEKNIK KIMIA, PERENCANAAN WILAYAH DAN KOTA, KESEHATAN DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA
PENGAJAR PROGRAM DOKTOR ILMU LINGKUNGAN
Entrepreneur
An entrepreneur is a person who has possession of
an enterprise, or venture, and assumes significant
accountability for the inherent risks and the
outcome. It is an ambitious leader who combines
land, labour, and capital to create and market new
goods or services
Entrepreneur is the type of personality who is willing
to take upon herself or himself a new venture or
enterprise and accepts full responsibility for the
outcome.
Wikipedia.com
Ciri Excellent Entrepreneur:
1. Berani mengambil resiko
2. Menyukai tantangan
3. Punya daya tahan yang tinggi
4. Punya visi jauh ke depan
5. Memberikan yang terbaik Inovator
Sumber : Tri Utomo, http://newmasgun.blogspot.com
Arifin Panigoro
Modal Dasar
Mimpi
Peluang
Reputasi
Kekuatan
Pikiran
Uang
Pelatihan
Kepemimpinan & Kerja tim
Jaringan Entrepreuner
Belajar
Teknologi
Siswono Yudhohusodo
Ciri-ciri Entrepreneur
Entrepreneurship
wirausahawan andal (administrative entrepreneur)
wirausahawan unggul (innovative entrepreneur).
Sumber : Itje Hermawan, http://newmasgun.blogspot.com Bill Gates
Wirausahawan andal
(administrative entrepreneur)
a. Memiliki rasa percaya diri dan sikap mandiri yang tinggi untuk berusaha mencari penghasilan dan keuntungan melalui perusahaan. b. Mau dan mampu mencari dan menangkap peluang usaha yang menguntungkan serta melakukan apa saja yang perlu untuk memanfaatkannya. c. Mau dan mampu bekerja keras dan tekun dalam menghasilkan barang dan jasa serta mencoba cara kerja yang lebih tepat dan efisien.
Wirausahawan andal (2)
d. Mau dan mampu berkomunikasi, tawar-menawar dan memusyawarahkan dengan berbagai pihak yang besar pengaruhnya pada kemajuan usaha terutama para pembeli/ langganan (memiliki salesmanship). e. Menghadapi hidup dan menangani usaha dengan terencana, jujur, hemat dan disiplin. f. Mencintai kegiatan usahanya dan perusahaannya serta lugas dan tangguh tapi cukup luwes dalam melindunginya.
Wirausahawan andal (3)
g. Mau dan mampu meningkatkan kapasitas diri sendiri dan kapasitas perusahaan dengan memanfaatkan dan memotivasi orang lain (leadership, managerialship) serta melakukan perluasan dan pengembangan usaha dengan risiko yang moderat. h. Berusaha mengenal dan mengendalikan lingkungan, serta menggalang kerjasama yang saling menguntungkan dengan berbagai pihak yang berkepentingan terhadap perusahaan.
Tukang Sepatu : Bpk Moch Sodikun (90 thn)
tekun, jujur, enjoy
Wirausahawan unggul
(innovative entrepreneur)
* Berpikir dan bertindak strategi, adaptif terhadap perubahan dalam berusaha mencari peluang keuntungan tenllasuk yang mengandung resiko agak besar dan dalam mengalami masalah. * Selalu berusaha untuk mendapatkan keuntungan melalui berbagai keunggulan dalam memuaskan langganan * Berusaha mengenal dan mengendalikan kekuatan dan kelemahan perusahaan (dan pengusahanya) Berta meningkatkan kemanpuan dengan sistem pengendalian intern. * Selalu berusaha meningkatkan kemampuan dan ketangguhan perusahaan terutama dengan pembinaan motivasi dan semangat kerja serta pemupukan permodalan.
Other characteristics
The entrepreneur has an enthusiastic vision, the
driving force of an enterprise.
The entrepreneur's vision is usually supported by an
interlocked collection of specific ideas not available
to the marketplace.
The overall blueprint to realize the vision is clear,
however details may be incomplete, flexible, and
evolving.
The entrepreneur promotes the vision with
enthusiastic passion.
Wikipedia.com
Other characteristics
With persistence and determination, the
entrepreneur develops strategies to change the
vision into reality.
The entrepreneur takes the initial responsibility to
cause a vision to become a success.
Entrepreneurs take prudent risks. They assess
costs, market/customer needs and persuade others
to join and help.
An entrepreneur is usually a positive thinker and a
decision maker.
Advantages of entrepreneurship Enormous personal financial gain
Self-employment, offering more job satisfaction and flexibility of the work force
Employment for others, often in better jobs
Development of more industries, especially in rural areas or regions disadvantaged by economic changes, for example due to globalisation effects
Encouragement of the processing of local materials into finished goods for domestic consumption as well as for export
Income generation and increased economic growth
Healthy competition thus encourages higher quality products
More goods and services available
Wikipedia.com
Advantages of entrepreneurship (2)
Development of new markets
Promotion of the use of modern technology in small-scale manufacturing to enhance higher productivity
Encouragement of more researches/ studies and development of modern machines and equipment for domestic consumption
Development of entrepreneurial qualities and attitudes among potential entrepreneurs to bring about significant changes in the rural areas
Freedom from the dependency on the jobs offered by others
Ability to have great accomplishments
Reduction of the informal economy
Emigration of talent may be stopped by a better domestic entrepreneurship climate
Serious tax advantages
Tujuan Anda Berwirausaha
Mengapa anda ingin memulai usaha sendiri? Uangkah? Ketenaran? Kebebasan pribadi? Kepuasan pribadi? Mengisi masa pensiun? Ketidakmampuan untuk direkrut orang lain? Tidak nyaman bekerja di lembaga atau perusahaan besar? Jika ada orang bertanya mengapa anda masuk pada wirausaha, apa yang ingin anda katakan?
Ritho Sukamto,2005
Aspek Penting Memulai usaha
Memahami konsep produk atau jasa
secara baik
Membuat visi dan misi bisnis
Perlunya winning, positive dan
learning attitude untuk menjadi
sukses
Membuat perencanaan dan strategi
bisnis yang efektif akan menghindari
usaha daripada risiko bisnis dan
keuangan
Aspek Penting Memulai usaha (2)
Pengetahuan dasar manajemen,
organisasi dan sistem
Optimalisasi sumber daya
manusia
Kreativitas, kepemimpinan dan
proses pembuatan keputusan
Pengetahuan dasar pengelolaan
keuangan dan pembiayaan
Pemasaran, pelayanan dan
product brand
Sumber : wirausaha.com berdasar seminar Gerald Abraham,
Memulai Bisnis yang Sukses
Kerjakan apa yang Anda sukai
Mulai bisnis Anda ketika Anda masih bekerja
Jangan kerjakan hal tersebut sendirian
Pertama dapatkan klien atau pelanggan
Tulis perencanaan bisnis
Lakukan riset
Dapatkan bantuan profesional
Dapatkan uang / modal
Jadilah profesional semenjak memulai
Jalankan hukum dan keluarkan pajak dengan benar pada kali pertama
MOTIVASI
MENJADI PENGUSAHA SUKSES
Pendidikan menjadi kunci sukses keluar dari kesulitan dan membantu meraih keberhasilan usaha
Jangan percaya pada mitos-miros terkait berwirausaha
MITOS 1
Wirausaha merupakan bakat dan keturunan
Kenyataannya : banyak pengusaha meraih sukses bukan hanya karena bakat dan keturunan
MITOS 2
Pengusaha adalah pelaku bukan pemikir
Kenyataannya : Banyak pengusaha yang bukan hanya sebagai pelaku di lapangan tetapi sebagai pemikir
MITOS 3
Wirausaha tidak bisa diajarkan dan dibentuk
Kenyataannya banyak karakteristik pengusaha bisa diciptakan
MITOS 4
Pengusaha adalah selalu sebagai investor
Kenyataannya banyak pengusaha meraih sukses bukan hanya sebagai investor tetapi sebagai inovator
MITOS 5
Pengusaha membutuhkan keberuntungan
Kenyataannya : sukses karena persiapan, belajar,inovasi,keuletan….
MITOS 6
Pengusaha harus selalu sukses dan tidak boleh gagal
Kenyataannya : banyak pengusaha meraih sukses karena belajar dari kegagalan
MITOS 7
Pengusaha adalah sama seperti penjudi
Pengusaha memperoleh hasil dengan memperhitungkan risiko
Membangun sifat pengusaha
Bersemangat dalam melihat dan mencari peluang-peluang baru
Mengejar peluang dengan disiplin yang ketat
Mengejar peluang yang sangat baik dan menghindari mengejar peluang yang belum jelas
Berfokus pada pelaksanaan
Mengikutsertakan energi setiap orang yang berada dalam jangkauan mereka
Motivasi Berprestasi
BuatlahSWOTAnalysis…..
Internal
S
W
Eksternal
O
T
Strategic Planning : SWOT Analysis
Meaning
Strengths: attributes of the person or company that are helpful to achieving the objective.
Weaknesses: attributes of the person or company that are harmful to achieving the objective.
Opportunities: external conditions that are helpful to achieving the objective.
Threats: external conditions which could do damage to the objective.
Generating Strategies
How can we Use and Capitalize on each Strength?
How can we Improve each Weakness?
How can we Exploit and Benefit from each Opportunity?
How can we Mitigate each Threat?
Personal SWOT Analysis
Things You'll Need:
Imagination
Pen
Paper
How to Create a Personal SWOT Analysis http://www.ehow.com/how_4722139_personal-swot-analysis.html
Strengths - these are talents, education, skills,
and abilities that you possess that others may not.
Think of some things that you do better than anyone else. What are some personal resources that are available to
you that others do not have access to? Ask your friends and family members what they see as
your strengths. If you have difficulty developing this list, try writing down
your personality and character traits.
This list will most likely contain several of your strengths.
Weaknesses - this is perhaps one of the most difficult areas to evaluate because it requires being extremely honest with yourself.
What are some areas in your life in which you could improve?
What tasks should you steer clear of?
What will your friends and family likely see as areas of weakness?
It is best to be realistic now, and face any unpleasant truths sooner rather than later.
How to Create a Personal SWOT Analysis http://www.ehow.com/how_4722139_personal-swot-analysis.html
Opportunities - a helpful method in developing this list is to look at your strengths and ask yourself whether these open up any opportunities.
Next, look at your areas of weakness and ask yourself whether you could open up more
opportunities by eliminating some of them.
How to Create a Personal SWOT Analysis http://www.ehow.com/how_4722139_personal-swot-analysis.html
Threats - identifying possible threats is a very important part of the SWOT analysis because it often contains the most severe obstacles that stand in the way of achieving your goals.
Is your career (or the need for the things you do) changing?
Are technology improvements threatening your position and source of income?
Look again at your list of weaknesses and decide if any of these could actually be considered threats.
If so, you must figure out a way to eliminate those weaknesses.
How to Create a Personal SWOT Analysis http://www.ehow.com/how_4722139_personal-swot-analysis.html
Contoh Strengths
Work Experience Education, including value-added features Strong technical knowledge within your field
(e.g. hardware, software, programming languages)
Specific transferable skills, e.g., communication, teamwork, leadership skills
Communication: Research and Planning Human Relations Organization, Management and Leadership:
Initiating new ideas; Handling details
Weaknesses
Internal negative aspects that are under your control and that you may plan to improve
Lack of Work Experience
Low GPA, wrong major
Lack of goals, lack of self-knowledge, lack of specific job knowledge
Weak technical knowledge
Weak skills (leadership, interpersonal, communication, teamwork)
Weak job-hunting skills
Negative personal characteristics (e.g., poor work ethic, lack of discipline, lack of motivation, indecisiveness, shyness, too emotional
Corporate Planning Set objectives – defining what the organization is going to do
Environmental scanning Internal appraisals of the organization's SWOT, this needs to include an assessment of the present situation as well as a portfolio of products/services and an analysis of the product/service life cycle
Analysis of existing strategies, this should determine relevance from the results of an internal/external appraisal. This may include gap analysis which will look at environmental factors
Strategic Issues defined – key factors in the development of a corporate plan which needs to be addressed by the organization Develop new/revised strategies – revised analysis of strategic issues may mean the objectives need to change
Establish critical success factors– the achievement of objectives and strategy implementation
Preparation of operational, resource, projects plans for strategy implementation
Monitoring results – mapping against plans, taking corrective action which may mean amending objectives/strategies.