POPULATION
Výukový materiál EK 01 - 14Tvůrce: Ing. Marie Jiráková
Tvůrce anglické verze: Mgr. Milan SmejkalProjekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů
Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR
POPULATION SIZE (QUANTITY)
o POPULATION:
THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS IS INCREASING AND GROWS IN FAVOURABLE CONDITIONS
THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS IS DECREASING IN UNFAVOURABLE CONDITIONS
POPULATION SIZE
INFLUENCED BY:
oBIRTH RATE – NATALITY
oDEATH RATE – MORTALITY
oMOVEMENT OF INDIVIDUALS - MIGRATION
INDICATORS OF POPULATION GROWTH
QUANTITY- the number of individuals in a population
DENSITY - the number of individuals on a particular surface
POPULATION GROWTH
The birth rate prevails over mortality
ofavourable environmental conditions (sufficient food, room, etc).EXPONENTIAL GROWTH
obad environmental conditionsLIMITED GROWTH
POPULATION GROWTH – OTHER FACTORS
o FLUCTUATION IN POPULATION GROWTH(Depends on food, climate changes)
o VITALITY OF POPULATION(Influenced by the number of individuals)
o POPULATION STRUCTURE(DEPENDS ON THE AGE OF INDIVIDUALS, GENDER,
HIERARCHY, SOCIAL STRUCTURE)
)o POPULATION DENSITY AND PLACEMENT
COMPETITION
INDIVIDUALS OF THE SAME KIND OR OF DIFFERENT KINDS COMPETE FOR: FOOD, LIGHT, SPACE, etc.
COMPETITION CAN SUPPRESS OTHER SPECIES OR TO BE IN BALANCE BETWEEN SPECIES.
PREDATION
One organism, the predator, obtains energy (as food) by consuming, usually killing, another, the prey.
PARASITISM One organism (the parasite) lives in or on
another (the host), from which it obtains food, shelter, or other requirements.
THE PARASITES, HOLOPARASITES
ENDOPARASITES live inside the body of the host.
ECTOPARASITES live externally on the host.
MUTUALISM
An interaction between members of two species which benefits both.
SYMBIOSIS –dissimilar organisms live together in close association.
PROTOCOOPERATION – loose interaction.
Co-operation – similar organisms live together in close association
WORKSHEET - REVISION
POPULATION GROWTH IS INFLUENCED BY………………......................
POPULATION GROWTH MAY BE ……………..OR …………….
POPULATION SIZE IS INFLUENCED BY ……………………………
VITALITY OF POPULATION IS INFLUENCED BY……………………….
PREDATION IS …………………………………………………………
SYMBIOSIS IS ………………………………………………………..
SOURCE
PAPÁČEK, Miroslav a kol. Zoologie. Praha: pedagogické nakladatelství, 2000, ISBN 80-7183-203-0.
KVASNIČKOVÁ, Danuše. Základy ekologie. Praha: Scientia,spol.s r.o., 1994, ISBN 80-85827-84-0
BRANIŠ, Martin. Základy ekologie a ochrany životního prostředí. 2. vyd. Praha: Informatorium, 1999. ISBN 80-86073-52-1.