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Great Tooling Starts Here!
T O O L ST E E L F A C T S
RAMAXS
Prehardened
stainless holder steel
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RAMAX S
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This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is
intended to provide general notes on our products and their uses.It should not therefore be construed as a warranty of specificproperties of the products described or a warranty for fitness for aparticular purpose.
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RAMAX S
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GeneralRAMAX S is a chromium alloyed stainless holdersteel, which is supplied in the hardened and tem-pered condition.
RAMAX S is characterized by Excellent machinability Good corrosion resistance Uniform hardness in all dimensions Good indentation resistance.
These properties combine to give a steel with out-standing production performance. The practicalbenefits of good corrosion resistancein a holdersteel can be summarized as follows: Lower mold maintenance cost Lower production costs since water cooling
channels are unaffected by corrosion, ensuringconsistent cycle time.
The practical benefits of the excellent machin-abilitycan be summarized as follows: Lower mold production costs due to: less wear of the cutting edges in the milling and
drilling operations increased cutting speed can be used giving
shorter machining time.
RAMAX Sis supplied in the premachined condi-tion which offers the following cost saving advan-tages: Less machining needed Saving of weight Machining tolerances on the nominal size Absence of scale minimizes tool and machine
wear Surfaces free from decarburization.
CORROSION RESISTANCE
Holders made fromRAMAX Swill have good re-sistance to rusting caused by humid working andstorage conditions and when molding corrosiveplastics under normal production conditions.
Typical C Si Mn Cr Sanalysis % 0,33 0,35 1,35 16,7 0,12
Standardspecification (AISI 420 F)
Deliverycondition Hardened and tempered to ~ 340 HB
Color code Black/brown
Applications Holders/bolsters for plastic molds.RAMAX Sin
combination with STAVAX ESRorELMAXasinsert material gives a completely corrosionresistant mold.
Plastic and rubber molds with low requirements
on polishability. Dies and callipers for plastic extrusion. Constructional parts.
PropertiesPHYSICAL DATA
Hardened and tempered to 340 HB. Data at room
and elevated temperatures.
Temperature 68F 390F(20C) (200C)
Density, kg/m3 7 800 7 750 lbs/in3 0,282 0,280
Modulus of elasticity N/mm2 200 000 190 000 psi 29,0 x 10-6 27,6 x 10-6
Coefficient of thermal expansion per F from 68F 6,1 x 10-6 per C from 20C 11,0 x 10-6
Thermal conductivity*)
Btu in/ft2h F 159
W/mC 23
Specific heat capacity Btu/lb F 0,110 J/kg C 460
*)Thermal conductivity is difficult to measure. The scatter may be as high as 15%.
IMPACT STRENGTH
Approximate values. Samples were taken from around bar 1,1" (28 mm). Hardness: 340 HB.
Testing temperature 68F (20C) 390F (200C)
Impact strength KV, joule 15 25
TENSILE STRENGTH
Approximate values. Samples were taken from around bar 1,1" (28 mm). Hardness: 340 HB.
Testing temperature 68F 390F(20C) (200C)
Tensile strength Rm, N/mm2 1100 1000 psi 159 500 145 000
Yield strength Rp0,2 N/mm2 910 820 psi 132 000 119 000
Reduction of area Z % 30 30
Elongation A5% 10 10
Note: The high sulfur content gives lower mech-
anical properties in the transverse compared withthe longitudinal direction.
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RAMAX S
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Heat treatmentRAMAX S is intended for use in the as-deliveredcondition i.e. hardened and tempered to 340 HB.
When the steel is to be heat treated to higher hard-ness, instructions below is to be followed
SOFT ANNEALING
Protect the steel and heat through to 1580F(860C). Cool at 35F (20C) per hour to 1200F(650C), then freely in air.
STRESS RELIEVING
After rough machining the tool should be heatedthrough to max. 1020F (550C), holding time2 hours, then cool freely in air.
HARDENING
Note:The steel should be fully soft annealed beforehardening.
Preheating temperature:9301110F (500600C).Austenitizing temperature:18301890F (10001030C).The steel should be heated through to the auste-nitizing temperature and held at temperature for30 minutes.
Protect the tool against decarburization and oxi-
dation during the hardening process.
QUENCHING MEDIA
Circulating atmosphere/gas Oil Martempering bath 3901020F (200550C),
then cool in air.
In order to obtain the optimum properties, thecooling rate should be as fast as is concomitantwith acceptable distortion. Temper the tool as soonas its temperature reaches 120160F (5070C).
TEMPERING
Choose the tempering temperature according tothe hardness required by reference to the tem-pering graph. Temper twice with intermediate
cooling to room temperature. Lowest temperingtemperature 360F (180C). Holding time attemperature minimum 2 hours.
The diagram is valid for small samples quenchedin air.Austenitizing temperature: 1890F (1030C),30 min. Holding time: 2 + 2 h
Holder block in RAMAX S.
600
500
400
300
200
50
45
40
35
30
HardnessHRC HB
100 200 300 400 500 600 C
200 400 600 800 1000 1200F
Tempering temperature
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RAMAX S
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MachiningThe cutting data below are to be considered asguiding values which must be adapted to existing
local conditions.
TURNING
Turning withTurning with carbide high speed
steel
Cutting data Rough Fine Fineparameters turning turning turning
Cutting speed (vc) f.p.m. 295395 395525 65 m/min 90120 120160 20
Feed (f) i.p.r. 0,0120,023 0,012 0,012
mm/r 0,30,6
0,3
0,3Depth of cut (ap) inch 0,080,23 0,08 0,08 mm 26 2 2
Carbidedesignation US C6C5 C7 ISO P20P40 P10P15
Coated Coatedcarbide carbide or
cermet
End milling
Type of end mill
CarbideCutting data Solid indexable High speedparameters carbide insert steel
Cuttingspeed (vc) f.p.m. 200 330395 1001) m/min 60 100120 301)
Feed (fz) inch/tooth 0,0020,0152) 0,0040,0082) 0,0020,0152) mm/tooth 0,050,402) 0,10,22) 0,050,402)
Carbidedesignation
US C5 C6 ISO K10, P40 P20P30
Drill diameter Cutting speed (vc) Feed (f)
inch mm f.p.m. m/mm i.p.r. mm/r
0,20 5 50* 15* 0,0030,008 0,080,200,200,40 510 50* 15* 0,0080,012 0,200,30
0,400,60 1015 50* 15* 0,0120,014 0,300,350,600,80 1520 50* 15* 0,0140,016 0,350,40
DRILLING
High speed steel twist drill
*) For TiN coated HSS drills vc = 60 f.p.m. (18 m/min).
1) For coated HSS end mill vc 150 f.p.m. (45 m/min).2) Depending radial depth of cut and cutter diameter.
Carbide drill
Type of drillCutting data Indexable Solid Brazedparameters insert carbide carbide1)
Cuttingspeed (vc)
f.p.m. 425 180 130m/min 130 55 40
Feed (f)i.p.r. 0,0020,0102) 0,0040,0102) 0,0060,0102)
mm/r 0,050,25 0,100,25 0,150,25
1) Drill with internal cooling channels and brazed carbide tip.2) Depending on drill diameter.
GRINDING
A general grinding wheel recommendation isgiven below. More information can be found in theUddeholm brochure Grinding of Tool Steel.
Type of grinding As delivered condition
Surface grinding straight wheel A 46 HV
Surface grinding segments A 24 GV
Cylindrical grinding A 46 LV
Internal grinding A 46 JV
Profile grinding A 100 LV
MILLING
Face and square shoulder face milling
Milling withMill ing with carbide high speed
steel
Rough milling Fine milling Fine milling
Cuttingspeed (vc) f.p.m. 230330 330490 65 m/min 70100 100150 20
Feed (fz) inch/tooth 0,0080,016 0,0040,008 0,004 mm/tooth 0,20,4 0,10,2 0,1
Depth of cut (ap) inch 0,080,20 0,08 0,08 mm 25 2 2
Carbidedesignation US C6C5 C7C6 ISO P10P40 P10P20
Coated Coatedcarbide carbide
Cutting dataparameters
Holder block in RAMAX S and mold inserts in
STAVAX ESR. An ideal combination for long produc-
tion runs.
Type of end mill
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RAMAX S
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WeldingGood results when welding tool steel can beachieved if proper precautions are taken duringwelding (elevated working temperature, joint prep-aration, choice of consumables and welding pro-cedure).
Welding method TIG MMA (SMAW)
Working temperature 390480F 390480F200250C 200250C
Welding STAVAXconsumables TIG-WELD STAVAX WELD
Hardnessafter welding 5456 HRC 5456 HRC
Weld hardness aftertempering 2x1 hat 1060F (570C*) 4143 HRC 4143 HRC
*) A higher tempering temperature will decrease the hard-ness of the base material.
RAMAX Shas a high sulfur content, which meansan increased risk for hot cracking during welding.To minimize the risk, keep the molten pool assmall as possible.
Further information is given in the Uddeholm bro-chure Welding of Tool Steel.
Further informationPlease contact your local Uddeholm office forfurther information on the selection, heat treat-ment and application of Uddeholm tool steels, in-cluding the publication Steels for Molds.
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