1. Tiu lun Phn ng Maillard Ging vin: T Kim Anh Sinh vin : Nguyn
Th Minh Ngc Nguyn Th Thy Ngn Nguyn Th H
2. I. C ch phn ng Giai on u Ngng t cacbonylamin Chuyn v Amadori
Giai on trung gian Kh nc ca ng Phn hy ng v amin Giai on cui Ngng t
aldol Trng hp ha aldehitamin. To d vng cha Nit
3. C C R' OH O H 1 H 2 + C C R' O H 1 H 2 N H C R'' H COOH N H
C R'' H COOH H ng hp cht amin phc ng amin Trong iu kin sn xut, khi
nhit cao, phn ng c bt u t sacaroamin (ng amin) theo s :
4. C ch phn ng ngng t cacbonylamin C=O + N- R'' R H R' H C NH2
R'' R R' O- + C NH R'' R R' OH OH2 C = N R'' R R'
5. 1 2 21
6. To thnh furfurol v ozone To thnh reducton 6C Phn hu ng Phn
hy amin Giai on trung gian
7. 1. To thnh furfurol v ozon
8. O O OH O O O N R OH O N R Baz Schiff ca hydroxymetyl
furfurol Baz Schiff ca furfurol hydroxymetyl furfurol furfurol +H2O
-RNH2 +H2O -RNH2 Khi u bi ng 6C: Khi u bi ng 5C:
9. C = O C CH2 O OH H C - OHH CH CH2OH C = O C C - H O OH H C -
H CH CH2OH C = O C C O OH H C - H CH CH2OH H 3-deoxyglucozon
Glucozon khng no dng cis Glucozon khng no dng trans Deoxyxetoza +
glucoza -> difuranozamin -> cc sn phm sau: S to thnh
ozon:
10. - C = C - OH OH 2. To thnh reducton c 6 cacbon Reducton l
nhng hp cht hu c c tnh cht chung l kh mnh do c mt nhm endiol: Axit
dehydroascobic l 1 v d ca reducton 6C C C C C C CH2OH OH H H O O O
O axit dehydroascorbic C reducton v dng dehydro ca chng cng tham
gia vo vic to mu nu R C C R OH OH R C C R1 O O reducton
dehydroreducton 2H 1
11. O O CH3 3. Phn hy ng: CH3 CH3 O axeton axetoin aldehit
piruvic diaxetyl OH OH O triozoreducton
12. 4. S phn hy cc hp cht amin Thc cht l s phn hy strecker theo
nhng hng khc nhau, to hp cht amin, NH3, CO2, aldehit. R CH NH2 COOH
+ R' C CH2 NH HC R'' COOHO - CO2 - H2O R CH2 N C R' CH2 NH CH R''
COOH R CH N C C N C R'' H COOHH H H R' H axit amin
aminodezoxyxetoza bazo schiff H H O aldehit hp cht amin
13. HC CH HC C O C O H + O2 HC CH HC C O C O OOH furfurol axit
peroxyfurfurolic HC NH2 COOH R + HC CH HC C O C O OOH HC CH HC C O
C O OH C NH COOH R + + OH2 axit amin axittimin axit furfurolic C NH
COOH R + OH2 C O H R + +CO2 NH3
14. CH - NH2 COOH R R - CO - CO - R' C = O R H R - CH - CO - R'
NH2 CO2 axitamin reducton aldehit aminoreducton Cc aldehit to thnh
c vai tr quan trng trong vic hnh thnh hng v ca sn phm thc phm khi
ch bin nhit.
15. C - C O H H3O+ C - C OH H + C - C OH H + H2O Giai on cui 1.
Phn ng ngng t aldol C = C OH - C - C - C - C - H OH OH = + = + C -
C - H OH - C - C = C - C - H O = H H H H H H - C - C - C - C - H O
= OH H OH2 -H3O+ +OH2-
16. O NH2 + O NH2 +O2 N N OH2+ 3 aldehit aminoaxetic pirazin O
OR R' + NH32 + R'' - CHO R - C N C CR' R" NH OH23+ imidazol dn xut
2. To cc hp cht nit d vng
17. polyme khng no, ha tan c trong nc polyme khng no, khng tan
c trong nc
18. ACRYLAMIDE
19. NC NHIT V pH NG V AXITAMIN
20. Nh vy axitamin l cht xc tc cho phn ng giai on u, mt phn phn
ng to thnh aldehit v NH3
21. glicine alanine asparagine tyrosinecysteine Cc axitamin khc
nhau c cng tham gia phn ng khc nhau
22. valine leucine phenylalanine glutamate
23. - Protein, peptit, amin, amon v mt s hp cht khc cha nit cng
c kh nng tham gia phn ng vi gluxit to hp cht c mu sm. - Nhm NH2 cng
nhiu th kh nng to melanoidin cng mnh - Kh nng tham gia phn ng ca
axitamin ph thuc rt nhiu vo di mch cacbon v v tr ca nhm amin so vi
nhm cacboxyl -Cng ca phn ng cng ph thuc vo bn cht ng kh, nng ng .t
l gia axitamin v ng ph hp nht l 1/2 hoc 1/3.
24. phn ng Maillard tin hnh cc i th th xung quanh mi phn t
protein phi to ra mt lp n phn t glucoza v lp n phn t nc. Nh vy s c
mt ca nc l iu kin cn thit tin hnh phn ng . Tuy nhin, nng cht phn ng
cng cao, lng nc cng t th phn ng din ra cng mnh.
25. Mc mu phn ng maillard ph thuc ln vo nhit Di 0C v 0C th phn
ng khng xy ra 95C -100C phn ng cho mu c tnh cm quan tt Khi nhit qu
cao th cc melanoidin to thnh s c v ng v mi kht. Phn ng Maillard c
th tin hnh trong mt khong pH kh rng, tuy nhin trong mi trng kim phn
ng xy ra nhanh hn.
26. dimedon hydroxylamin bisunfit L nhng cht tc dng c vi nhm
cacbonyl R1 - O - C - O - C - O - R2 = = O O Este ca axit
pirocacbonic
27. Axit lactic Phosphat
28. Trong sn xut bia mu sc v hng v ca bia ch yu do malt quyt
nh. Cc bin php k thut trong sn xut malt u nhm iu ha phn ng
Maillard.
29. . ng tht nt
30. Mt trong nhng phn ng to ra mi v quan trng nht trong nu n l
phn ng Maillard.
