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FILM History Aristotle to Griffith Hazim. M.M.

Film history mo-zi to grifith

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Film history mo-zi to grifith the starting history of photography camera to lumiere brothers

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Page 1: Film history mo-zi to grifith

FILM History

Aristotle to Griffith

Hazim. M.M.

Page 2: Film history mo-zi to grifith

Persistence of Vision

• The ability of the brain to retain an image a split second longer than the eye actually sees it.

• If we see 16 individual images in rapid succession the brain connects them to make a fluid sequence of movement.

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Three Ways to Look atFilm History

ArtBUSINESSTECHNOLOGY

Page 4: Film history mo-zi to grifith

INVENTERS

Early film is a result of inventors, not artists.

They focused new technologies

and inventions, not focused art.

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MO-ZI (5th Century BC)

Chinese Philosopher

He called blackroom with sunlight as collecting

place" or the "locked treasure room."

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Aristotle(BC 320) Greece

He find out the camera principle.

When he sit his hut he findout the images fall on the floor as reversed direction.

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Alhazen (AD 965) Ira

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Alhazen (AD 965)

AstronomerFather of Modern OpticsHe invented Camera Obscura and

Pinhole CameraHe explained the functions of eye.He explained the secrets of eye and

sun light.He firstly explained the importance of

shadows. He noted all his findings on “Book of

Optics”

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Alhazen (AD 965)

• Camera Obscura – Dark Vaulted Room

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Alhazen (AD 965)

• Pinhole Camera

• A light tightened small box with lens

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Anjelo sala (AD 1614)

He was an Italian physician and chemist.

when he work with medicinal plant he findout while sunlight fall on silver solution it will changed as black solution.

His invention later developed and reached make film through silver bromide.

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Deutch Science Fiction Novelist Fiyantri Tifiyaane Rosche explained his science fiction “Jifantri”(1760) about the basic idea of Photography

• “ ആ കാ�ണു�ന്ന കാ�ളി�വാ�തി�ല്‍. കാ�ളി�വാ�തി�ലി�ലി ടെ� കാ�ണു�ന്നചക്രകാവാ�ളി�. ചക്രകാവാ�ളി� മു�ഴു�വാന്‍ വാ��പി�ച്ചി�രി�ക്കു�ന്ന കാ�ര്‍മേമുഘങ്ങള്‍, അതി�നു� തി�ടെഴു കാ�ണു�ന്ന അലിറു�ന്ന കാ�ല്‍,

തി�രിമു�ലികാള്‍ എല്ലാം�� കാ ��മേച്ചിരി�മേ%�ള്‍ ഒരി�ച�ക്രതിമു�ണ്ടാ�കാ�ന്ന�. ഈ ച�ക്രതിങ്ങള്‍ നുമ്മു�ടെ�

കാ*ഷ്,ണുമുണു�യി�മേലി� അമേതി� മു�നു�സമേമുറു�യി ക്രപിതിലിങ്ങളി�മേലി� നു�ഴുലി�ച്ചി/ കാ�ണു��. വാസ,തി�ക്കുളി�ല്‍ നു�ന്ന��

ക്രപിതി�ഫലി�ച്ചി/വാരി�ന്ന ക്രപികാ�ശ രിശ,മു�കാളി�ണു, മു�നു�സമു�ള്ള ക്രപിതിലിങ്ങളി�ല്‍ അതി�ടെ3 ച�യി�ച്ചി�ക്രതി� ഉണ്ടാ�ക്കു�ന്നതി,.

ഇക്രപികാ�രി� ഉണ്ടാ�കാ�ന്ന ഒരി� ച�ക്രതിടെ6 ഒരി� മേക്രപിമേതി�കാതിരി� രി�സപിദാ�ര്‍ത്ഥം� പി�രിട്ടി�യി മേലി�ഹ6കാ���മേലിക്കു,

വാ;ഴു,6�കായി�ടെണുങ്കി�ല്‍ ആ ച�ക്രതി� ഈ രി�സപിദാ�ര്‍ ത്ഥം6�ല്‍ പിതി�യി�കായി�� അടെതി�രി� യിഥാ�തിഥാച�ക്രതിമു�യി� മു�റു�കായി�� ടെചയ്യു/ന്ന�. ഈ ച�ക്രതി� ഒരി�ക്കുലി��

മു�ഞ്ഞു�മേപി�കാ�ന്നതില്ലാം. ഇ6രി� രി�സപിദാ�ര്‍ഥാങ്ങള്‍ ഉപിമേയി�ഗി�ച്ചി, ഉണ്ടാ�ക്കു�ന്ന ഈ ച�ക്രതി� ഒരി� ടെപിയി�3A�ഗി,

മേപി�ടെലിമേയി�, ഒരി� മേരിഖ ച�ക്രതി� മേപി�ടെലിമേയി� അല്ലാം. യിഥാ�തിഥാമു�യി അതി�ടെനു ആര്‍ക്കു�� അമേതിമേപി�ടെലി

”അനു�കാരി�ക്കു�ന്‍സ�ദ്ധ്യ�മുല്ലാം .

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John Hentric Shoels, a German scientist Invented , when sunlight fall on the solution it will be blackened. The solution was Silver Chloride.

It paved way for development of Film technology through the solution Silver Bromide.

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Joseph Nicéphore Niépce (1826) France

The 1st Photograph (1826)

In his film he used puetal plate upon silver solution.

No one know about Silver Bromide. Took the image of roof of his home. Under direct sunlight continuously 8 hour he

opened his camera shutter to took this image.

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Daguerre (France)

• 1839 - Louis Daguerre created clear, sharp images on silver copperplate.

• Required 15 minutes exposure time.

• 1841 - Only 3 minutes needed for exposure.

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ZOETROPE

• Circular drumwith slits.

• allows momentsof darkness.

• creates illusionof movement.

• 1834 by William Horner.

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Experimentation

• Was going on in many countriesat the same time.

• France, Germany, England, and the U.S. all claim to have inventedthe movies.

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“You Press the Button,We do the rest”

In 1888, George Eastman(USA) invented dry, transparent and flexible, photographic film. He also invented the Kodak cameras that could be use the new film ‘Celluloid’. George Eastman was an avid photographer and became the founder of the Eastman Kodak company.

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Eadweard Muybridge (1878) France

Thanks to Leelant stanford (California Governor-1873) and John.D.Isaac (Automatic Electromagnetic Shutter)

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Eadweard Muybridge’s Zoopraxiscope (1878)

It encouraged

Thomas Alva Edison

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Eadweard Muybridge (1878)

We can considered it is the first motion picture.

Muybridge has no interest to exhibits this image to public. So it doesn't included the history of film.

But it encouraged many people. It shows “our daily life has many

secrets. If we have a video camera we can prove it”….“Camera angle reveals a

moments secrets of nature”

Sergei Eisenstein Comment on Zoopraxiscope

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Edison’s Magic

"I am experimenting upon an instrument which does for the eye what the phonograph does for the ear, which is the recording and reproduction of things in motion ...." Thomas A. Edison, 1888

Kinetoscope

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Kinetoscope

Coin operated box that would show amusing films

1st copyrighted film April 14, 1894 - “The Sneeze”

Opposed to showing movies on a screen - felt that you would lose money

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Lumière Brothers

Born in Bisango, France. Father was a photographer.

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Auguste and Louis Lumière (France)

Louis: TechnologyAugustie: World developments and marketing Ideas

Films: Train at lacitat

Workers leaving the

factory Horse track riders Fishing for gold fish The gardner Blacksmith Bathing in the sea

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World 1st Premiere Show

1895 December 28 @ Grand café Theatre, Paris.

It was world First Motion Picture Ticket Show.

1895 March 19 exhibits the film experimentally.

Their device combining Camera with Printer and Projector called it “CINEMATOGRAPHE”

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Georges Melies (1861 – 1938)

• French Theatre Magician

• First to use the fade-in/out and dissolve

• Made over 500 films• “A Trip to the Moon”

(1902) most famous• His style became

outdated and he soon became bankrupt

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Meanwhile – Back in the USA

• Edison Creates the MPPC (Motion Picture Patents Company) which corners the market on cameras, projectors, and production companies - enforced with armed henchmen who bullied independent film makers.

• Independents move to Southern CA to avoid conflict.

• Audiences flock to the Nickelodeons (due to the 5 cent admission price) Low cost appealed to the working class

• Soon became appealing to the middle and upper classes through the works of Edwin Porter. His Epic “The Great Train Robbery” was an astounding 12 minutes long and introduced the concept of a “story-driven” movie

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The Great Train Robbery (1903)

• First Western• First to use editing

as a storytelling technique

• One of the first to use panning and close-ups

• Moved from documentary to narrative

• Based on a true robbery by Butch Cassidy

Page 30: Film history mo-zi to grifith

Nickelodeon Era (1905-1915)

• Nickelodeon attendance exceeds 2 million in over 10,000 movie houses .

• Carl Laemmle creates the Independent Motion Picture Company (IMP) separate from MPPC.

• Censorship begins in Chicago and NYC.• William Fox and company successfully break

MPPC’s control with Federal Anti-Trust suit.• MPPC’s decline also due to audience’s growing

desire for multireel films (features) signaling the end of the nickelodeon.

• Movies of any significance made in France, until Griffith’s Birth of a Nation(1915) changes everything.

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HOLLYWOOD

Many freelance workers cant take film in Newyork. Because Edison’s MPPC.

So they search new place to take films.

Film preservation also face a big issue.Cool climate and natural landscapes

welcomed film workers to Hollywood (California)

Page 32: Film history mo-zi to grifith

സ�നു�മുടെയിമുഹ6�യിവാ�പ്ലവാ6�ടെ3മു�ധ്യ�മുശക്തി�യി�യി�കാണുക്കു�ക്കുണു�. ചലിച്ചി�ക്രതി മു�ധ്യ�മുടെ6കാലി�പിരിമു�യി� മു�റ്റു/മേ%�ള്‍

അതി, മേലി�കാ6�ടെലിഏറ്റുവാ�� ശക്തിമു�യിആശയിവാ�നു�മുയി മു�ധ്യ�മുമു�യി� മു�റു��. അതി�നു�ല്‍സ�നു�മുടെയിവാ�പ്ലവാ�നുന്തരിറുഷ്�യി�ടെ�

സര്‍വ്വാ�മു�നു മു�മേന്നറ്റു6�ടെ3ശക്തി�യി�യി� ഉപിമേയി�ഗി�ക്കുണു�. മുറ്റു/ ആശയിവാ�നു�മുമേയി�പി�ധ്യ�കാളി�യിതിപി�ല്‍, ടെറുയി�ല്‍മേവാപിക്രതിങ്ങള്‍,

ടെ�ലി�മേഫ�ണ്‍, മേറുഡി�മേയി�, ടെ�ലിക്രഗിഫ,എന്ന�വായി�� കാലി�രി പിങ്ങളി�യിസ�ഹ�തി��, ച�ക്രതികാലി, സ�ഗി;തി�, നു��കാ�, നു���നു*തി�നു*6�തി�കാള്‍

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വാ�പ്ലവാ�ത്മകാമു�യിശക്തി�യി�� ഉണ്ടാ�യി�രി�ക്കു��. എഞ്ചി�നു;യിറു��ഗി, പിഠി�ക്കു�ന്നതി�മേപി�ടെലിതിടെന്നഏകാ�ക്രഗിമു�യി�സ�നു�മുയി�ടെ�

സ�മേങ്കിതി�കാശ�സ,ക്രതി� വാ�സ,തിരി�ച്ചി/പിഠി�ക്കു�നു�� കാലി�പിരിമു�യി അതി�ടെ3ശക്തി�യി�� വാ�പ്ലവാവാ�� മേതി�മേളി���മേതി�ള്‍ മേചര്‍ന്ന�നു�ന്ന,

പി�വാടെപ്പംട്ടിജനുങ്ങളി/ടെ� ജ;വാ�തിടെ6അതി�മേവാഗി� പി�മേരി�ഗിതി�യി�മേലിക്കു, നുയി�ക്കു�നു�ള്ളഅറു�വാ�� ശക്തി�യി�� നുല്‍കാ�നു��സ�നു�മു പിഠി�ക്കു�ന്നവാര്‍

ക്കു,‌കാഴു�യിണു�. എല്ലാം�കാലി�മു�ധ്യ�മുങ്ങളി/�ആവാശ�മു�ള്ളഈ മു�ധ്യ�മു6�മേലിക്കു, റുഷ്�യി�ടെലിവാ�പ്ലവാമേS�ധ്യമു�ള്ളഎല്ലാം�

കാലി�കാ�രിന്മാ�രി�� വാമേരിണ്ടാആവാശ�മു�ണ്ടാ,. അവാര്‍ക്കു,‌ അ��സ്ഥാ�നുപിരിമു�യിസ�നു�മുശ�സ,ക്രതി� പിഠി�മേക്കുണ്ടാ�വാരി��. അതി�നു�

ഈസ്ഥാ�പിനു6�ല്‍എല്ലാം�വാ�ധ്യ ടെസVകാരി�ങ്ങളി/� ഒരി�ക്കു�യി�ട്ടി/ണ്ടാ,.

(1921 ല്‍മേലി�കാ6�ടെലിആദാ� ഫ�ലി�� ഇന്‍സ്റ്റി�റ്റുXYട്ടി, റുഷ്�യി�ല്‍ ഉദാ,ഘ��നു�

ടെചയി,തി� ടെകാ�ണ്ടാ, ടെലിനു�ന്‍ ക്രപിസ�ഗി�ച്ചിതി,‌)

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