Presented by

Miss Nattaya Laisua

Modeling and Simulation of Palladium-ion

Extraction via Hollow Fiber Supported

Liquid Membrane

Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering

Chulalongkorn University

Palladium is a precious metal.

Flexible printed circuit board industry rapidly grows at this moment

A hollow fiber supported liquid membrane has been applied to separate precious compounds at a very low concentration

Introduction

https://www.google.co.th/search?q=palladium&source=lnms&tbm

Introduction

Fig.1. Demand of palladium in various industry .

The advantages of HFSLM

1. Simultaneous extraction and stripping of very low-

concentration.

2. High selectivity.

3. Low energy consumption.

4. Lower capital cost.

5. Lower operating cost.

The Objectives of this research

1. To determine the mathematical models of extraction

of HFSLM for palladium extraction.

2. To study the effect of parameter to palladium ions.

3. To compare the experimental data with the model

prediction.

Fig.2. Flow pattern in hollow fiber supported liquid membrane.

The hollow fiber supported liquid membrane

(HFSLM)

Transport of palladium ions via the liquid

membrane phase

Fig.3. Transport of palladium ions in the HFSLM system.

2

4 22 4 2extractionkPdCl HR PdR Cl H

2

2 44 2 2strippingkPdR Cl H PdCl HR

2 2 ,( ) ( , )j m

exPd Pd fr k C x t m

2 2 ,( ) ( , )j m

exPd Pd fr k C x t m

(1)

(2)

(3)

Fig.4. Diagram of a single HFSLM with counter-current circulating flow patterns of feed and stripping solutions.

Modeling of palladium-ion extraction

for the recycling mode operation

The parameters of feed solution

• Feed solution (PdCl4)2- 300 ppm.

• Concentration of the extractant

solution (LIX84-I, 0.06 M)

• Hydrochloric acid (HCl) was used as

a stripping solution.

• Flow rate (100 dm3/min)

• One separation cycle was 40 min.

• pH = 3

The transports of palladium ions through the small segments in the feed phase

Fig. 5. Transport of palladium ions through small segment in feed phase.

,

, , 1

1, , , 1, , , ,jz f

c f f c fj j j j j j

z f z f z f z f c f z f z fC

A D xAqC qC C C xA r C C

x t

(5)

[Rate of mass into the system by convection] - [Rate of mass out of the system

by convection] + [Rate of mass through the system by diffusion] - [Rate of massextracted by extraction reaction] = [Rate of mass accumulation within the system] (4)

Validity of the mathematical model

0, ,

0,

% 100

j j

f z f

j

f

C CExtraction

C

(6)

1

% 100

j j

Expt Theoi

j

Expt

C C

CDeviation

i

(7)

When, concentration of palladium ions at z=0

concentration of palladium ions at segment z

0,

j

fC

,

j

z fC

Results and discussion

Fig.6. Extraction of palladium ions against concentration of the extraction.

The concentration of LIX84-I

increases the percentage of

palladium ions increase.

The optimum concentration of

extractant is 0.06 M.

The maximum extraction

of 0.1 dm3/min was the

percentage of extraction of palladium ions was 96.08%.

Results and discussions

Fig.7.Extraction of palladium ions against flow rate of feed solution.

The extraction result showed

that proposed fluid-flow model

have high accuracy as the

calculated values was in line with

the experimental result at the

deviation of about 4.69%

Results and discussion

Fig. 8. Concentration of palladium ions against time of the extraction .

The percentage of palladium

ion in feed solution of about96.08 %.

Results and discussion

Fig. 9. Percentage of palladium ions against time of the extraction .

Conclusion

The models based on the principle of material balances and

validated against the experiment data can provide good

prediction of the final concentration of the extraction.

The average percentage deviation of 4.69%.

The simulation results show that the highest palladium ionsextraction of about 96.08%.