ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR -2Strategies for Implementing Changes

Presented by:Amber anand Amit kumar vermaAmita surabhiAngsuman mitraAnil rana

Lets start with a quotation.It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change. -Charles Darvin2

What is CHANGE MANAGEMENT ?Change management is an approach to shifting or transitioning individuals, teams, and organizations from their existing state to a desired future state.

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Levels of change

Changes can happen and/or impact, within an organization, on four different levels (see graphic below.) There can be one or several levels affected by a Change. It is important to understand the levels a change impacts, as they are the base for appropriate measures and interventions.4

Individual Level change

At the individual level, change is reflected in such developments as changes in job assignment ,physical move to a different location, or the change in the maturity of a person which occurs over time.It is said that changes at the individual level will seldom have significant implications for the total organization. This is not true because a significant change at the individual level will have its repercussions on the group ,which in turn, might influence the wider organization.

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Group level changeMost organization changes have their major effects at the group level. This is because most activities in organizations are organized on a group basis the group could be departments or informal work groups. Changes at the group level can affect work flows, job design , social organization, influence and status systems, and communication patterns.6

Organization-level ChangeChanges at this level involve major programs that affect both individuals and groups. Decision regarding this change changes are generally made by senior management and are seldom implemented by only a single manager . Frequently ,they occur over long period of time and require considerable planning for implementation.Example of these changes would be reorganization of the organizational structure and responsibilities, revamping of employee remuneration system or major shifts in an organizations objectives. Change at the organizational level is generally referred to as organization development.7

..Forces of changeEXTERNALScarcity of resourcesCompetitionTechnologyGlobalizationLegislationINTERNALManagement ChangeOrganizational RestructuringFalling effectiveness8

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RESISTENCE TO CHANGEResistanceto change is the action taken by individuals and groups when they perceive that a change that is occurring as a threat to them.

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SOURCES OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGEINDIVIDUAL SOURCESHabitSecurityEconomic factorFear of the unknownSelective information processing

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Continued..ORGANIZATIONAL SOURCESStructural inertiaLimited focus of changeGroup inertiaThreat to expertiseThreat to established power relationships

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Overcoming resistance to changeThere are 8 tactics that can help change agents deal with resistance to change :Education and communicationParticipationBuilding support and commitmentDevelop positive relationshipsImplementing change fairlyManipulation and cooptationSelecting people who accept changecoercion12

The 6 stage change process

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Lewin s three step model14

Kotters 8 step model for implementing changeEstablish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed.Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change.Create a new vision to direct the change and strategies for achieving the vision.Communicate the vision throughout the organization.Empower others to act on the vision by removing barriers to change and encouraging risk taking and creative problem solving.Plan for create and reward short term wins that move the organization toward the new vision.15

Continued.Consolidate improvements , reassess changes, and make necessary adjustments in the new program.Reinforce the changes by demonstrating the relationship between new behaviors and organizational success.16

conclusion

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bibliographywww.google.comwww.mindtools.comchangingminds.orgwww.boundless.comwww.youtube.comReference book Organizational behavior (fifteenth edition) by Robbins ,Judge and VohraOrganizational behavior- K.Aswathappa18

THANK YOU

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