Work motivationWork stress

Job satisfactionEmotional Intelligence Personality dimensions

Leadership

◦Reinforcement theory◦Expectancy theory◦Equity theory ◦Human Relations (economic security, working conditions)

◦Maslow: (hierarchy of needs)

What factors motivate you in your work setting????

Open floor session…

Note: There is always individual difference…

1. Effort- performance relationship

2. Performance-reward relationship

3. Reward-personal expectation relationship

The degree to which organizational rewards meet with the expectation of an employee maintains the degree of motivation towards their tasks.

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(economic security,

working conditions

Relationship between and

among the employee

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How satisfied are people in their jobs???

Satisfaction and productivity Satisfaction and absenteeism Satisfaction and turnover Satisfaction and customer satisfactoin

What happens when employees are dissatisfied with their jobs? They can express this dissatisfaction in a number of ways:

Exit: dissatisfaction expressed through behavior directed toward leaving the organization.

Voice: ….through active and constructive attempts to improve conditions.

Loyalty: by passively waiting for conditions to improve.

Neglect: through allowing conditions to worsen.

The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of goals…..

After numerous studies and analyses, the following seven traits seemed to differentiate leaders from non-leaders:

Ambition and energy The desire to lead Honesty and integrity Self-confidence Intelligence High self-monitoring Job relevant knowledge

Openness to Experience Conscientiousness Extroverted Agreeableness Neuroticism

It refers to one’s ability to detect and to manage emotional cues and information. It has five components:

Self-awareness: Self management: Self-motivation Empathy: Social skills:

…..A dynamic condition in which an individual is confronted with an opportunity, constraint, or demand related to what he or she desires and for which the outcome is perceived to be both uncertain and important.

(Robins, S.P, 2002)

1. Environmental factors

Economic uncertainty Political uncertainty Technological uncertainty

2. Organizational factors Task demands Role demands Interpersonal demands Organizational structure Organizational leadership Organization’s life stage

3. Individual factors

Family problems Economic problems Personality

1. Physiological symptoms.

Headaches High blood pressure Heart diseases

2. Psychological symptoms

Anxiety Depression Decrease in job satisfaction

3. Behavioral symptoms

Productivity Absenteeism Turnover

Perception Job experienceSocial supportBelief in locus of controlSelf-efficacyHostility