Traffic Mobility in Peshawar

Peshawar Cantonment and its Impacts on the mobility in the city

by

Mian Abdul Qadeem and Ziaullah

Supervised by

Prof Dr. S. Akhtar Ali shah

Institute of Geography, Urban and Regional planning University of Peshawar

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY AREAPROBLEM STATEMENTAIMOBJECTIVESRESEARCH QUESTIONSRESERCH METHODOLOGYDATA COLLECTIONDATA ANALYSISFINDINGS AND SUGGESTION

Prelude The word cantonment is derived from

the French word canton meaning corner or subdivision.

A cantonment is a military or police quarter.

Cantonment in Pakistan is permanent military stationed areas, which are administered by cantonment board.

All the Cantonment Board work under the administrative control of the director general military land and cantonment department (MLCD), ministry of defense government of Pakistan.

Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar_Cantonment

PEAHAWAR CANTONMENT The Peshawar cantonment was

established by British government in the west side of old walled city of Peshawar soon after annexation of Punjab in 1848-49.

It is also called Peshawar chhawni or Peshawar sadder having the meaning of encampment of presiding area.

At that time this place was safe for the officers, officials and other associates of British regime.

It originally occupied an area of 9.55 sq. kilometers.

The Peshawar cantt was established on the remains of old town site and the grave yard.

Now it cover an area of 13 sq kilometer, which is irregular and oblong in shape

Source :http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar_Cantonment

Prepared by:Mian Abdul Qadeem

Problem Statement:

What are the impacts of existence of a Cantonment area in propinquity to a densely populated settlement of Peshawar?

Aim

To identify the impacts of Peshawar cantonment on the overall mobility in the cityOBJCTIVES

•To determine the traffic growth trend in the city during last decade•To determine the traffic volume entering and exiting from the study area through different spatially distributed points•To determine the impacts of delay in the city (in tangible terms)•To understand the people’s perception of the causes of the problem•To recommended a policy based on people’s perception

RESERCH QUESTIONS

What are the causes of traffic delays in the study area?

What is the impact of these delays on the people entering in the study area?

How the problem can be mitigated?

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY•A case study approach – selecting a part of the study area to be a representative of the whole•Obtain map of Peshawar from Google earth•Extract the study area from the map using GIS and prepare a base map of Peshawar Cantonment.•Collect the traffic volume data on selected points in the study area.•Prepare the road network map of cantonment Peshawar by using GIS.•Collect the traffic volume data of Peshawar from the secondary sources•Draw the traffic growth curve of the city from the year 2002 to latest available data.•Carry out a delay study of traffic in the selected area.•Analysis of data to determined causes of delay.•Preparation of graphs and maps for displaying of the analytical work.

ZIAULLAH

DATA ANALYSIS

DATA COLLECTION:Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources.

PRIMARY DATA:was collected by traffic counts in the field. We collected the traffic volume data on six main Roads enter to cantonment, Peshawar. University Road, Bara Road, F.C. Square, Sadder Road, Khyber Road and Warsak Road at different time period during a day.

SECONDARY DATA:about the traffic volumes in the city was obtained from the office of Director, General, Excise and Taxation Office, Khyber pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar

Prepared by: Mian Abdul Qadeem and Ziaullah


YEAR 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 20110

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

Vehicular volume in Peshawar (on Roads) 2002 - 2011

Num

ber

of

Vehic

les

Source: Director General, Excise and Taxation, office, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar

7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am

11-12am

12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400 Bara Road In-Out Flow of Vehicles

inflowOutflow

Time

Nu

mb

er

of

Veh

icle

s

Source: Field survey Monday to Wednesday,8th,9th,10th,April,2013

o Maximum number of vehicles inflow between 7-8am

o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 4-5pm.

o Maximum number of outflow occur between 1-2pm Minimum outflow between 11-12am

7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400 F.C Square In and Out flow of Vehicles

inflowoutflow

Time

Nu

mb

er

of

Veh

icle

s

Source: Field survey 11th,12th,April, 2013

o Maximum number of vehicles inflow between 8-9am

o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 11-12am.

o Maximum number of outflow occur between 1-2pm

o Minimum outflow between 3-4pm.

7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am

11-12am

12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Sadder Road(city side) In and Out flow of Vehicles

inflowoutflow

Time

Nu

mber

of

Veh

icle

s

oMaximum number of vehicles inflow between 7-8am oMinimum number of inflow occurs between 12-1pm. oMaximum number of outflow occur between 7-8am oMinimum outflow between 11-12am.

Source: Field survey, Monday andTuesday15th,16th April, 2013

7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am 11-12am 12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

Khyber Road In and Out flow of Vehicles

inflowOutflow

Time

Nu

mber

of

Veh

icle

s

Source: Field Survey, Wednesday to Friday17th, to 19th, April 2013

oMaximum number of vehicles inflow occur between 8-9am o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 10-11am. oMaximum number of outflow occur between 2-3pm oMinimum outflow between 5-6pm.

7-8am 8-9am 9-10am 10-11am

11-12am

12-1pm 1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Warsak Road In and Out Flow of Vehicles

inflowoutflow

Time

Nu

mb

er

of

Veh

icle

s

Source: Field survey, Tuesday to Thursday 23rd ,24th ,25th April, 2013

oMaximum number of vehicles inflow between 1-2pm o Minimum number of inflow occurs between 6-7pmoMaximum number of outflow between 7-8am oMinimum outflow between 11-12am.

7-8am 8-9am 9-10am

10-11am

11-12am

12-1pm

1-2pm 2-3pm 3-4pm 4-5pm 5-6pm 6-7pm0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

In and out flow of Vehicles at Uni-versity Road

Inflow of vehicle

Outflow of vehicle

Time

Nu

mb

er

of

veh

icle

s

Source: Field Survey, Wednesday to Friday,29th,30th,31st,April 2013

oMaximum number of vehicles inflow between 1-2pm oMinimum number of inflow between 10-11amoMaximum number of outflow occur between 8-9am oMinimum outflow between 4-5pm.


Warsak Road12%

Khyber Road25%

University road27%

Bara ROAD9%

F.C CHOWK8%

Saddar Road19%

Percentage of Vehicles entering Cantonment from selected points

(7am to 7pm)

How many people have travelled with you in your vehicle today?

Respondents Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Only 24 48.0 48.0

Two 16 32.0 32.0

Three 10 20.0 20.0

Total 50 100.0 100.0

only Two Three0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Respondents

Perc

en

tag

e

Persons travelled

Field Survey April, 2013

DO the checkpoints creates problems in cantonment Peshawar?


Yes43 86.0 86.0

No7 14.0 14.0

Total50 100.0 100.0

86%

14%

YesNo

Checkpoints creates problem


Do you want to open the protected Roads for the general traffic?


Yes 42 84.0 84.0

No 8 16.0 16.0

Total 50 100.0 100.0

Yes No0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Respondents

Perc

en

tag

e

Open the “protected” Roads


suggestion in your mind to improve the mobility in cantonment, Peshawar?


Remove the Checkpoints 21 42.0 42.0

Open protected Roads 20 40.0 40.0

Encroachment 9 18.0 18.0

Total 50 100.0 100.0

Remove the Chckpoints Open link Roads Encroachment0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Respondents

Perc

en

tag

e

Suggestion to improve traffic mobility


One Vehicle average consumption , say 10km/liter of fuel Assume that all vehicles coming from Warsak road are heading to Gora bazarExtra millage (old – new)=3 – 2=1kmSo 15151 Vehicles come to our destination via existing route (green) will cover the extra millage as: =1×15151= 15151 kmThus extra fuel consumed =1515.1 liter Besides this extra energy loss they also cause environmental pollution, congestion and time wastage.If the new route (black) is available for general transport, we can save this extra bit of energy.

MIAN ABDUL QADEEM

FINDING AND SUGGESTION

Conclusions/findingsAfter the analysis of data it is concluded that :The existing (available) roads transport network is insufficient to meet the growing demand of its inhabitantsThe rapidly growing city has engulfed the Cantonment area and the classical structure can no longer support the current urban sprawl.The existence of checkpoints at every nook and corner of the study area are considered as an impediment to the free traffic flows by a large majority of the respondents (86%).Majority of the visitors to the Cantt area are travelling either single(48%) or with one passenger (32%).84% of the respondents believe that the presently unavailable or “protected” cantt roads should be allowed for the general traffic.A handful number of the respondents, that is 42% suggest that the checkpoints in the cantt area should be removed while about similar number believe that opening of the protected road can relieve congestion and improve overall traffic flows in the study area.This availability /provision of the new routes will save a significant amount of fuel losses and improve the overall environment of the study area.

Suggestion:To support the growing mobility needs of the city it is suggested that: The cantonment area should be redesigned and removed to the

outskirts of the city All the protected roads should be made available of the general traffic to

take their due share in improving mobility in the city. The removal of checkpoint can improve the traffic flows and play a

positive role in improving the urban economy. However in the prevailing security scenario these can be made more efficient with the properly trained and efficient manpower.

The general public should be made aware of the environmental damages resulting from their trip that can be avoided or replaced with an energy efficient mode like public transport, motorcycle etc.

THANKS……………………….

Education

Traffic Mobility in Peshawar