J U N E 2 0 1 52 0 1 5 年 6 月

CHINA – AFRICA TIMBER TRADE: case study of Senegambia中非木材贸易：塞内加尔案例研究

Population: 12.55 mil (2010). Urb 5.2 (41.6%). Rur 7.3 (58.4%) 人口： 1255 万 （ 2010 ）。城市人口 : 520 万 (41.6%) ，农村人口 :730万 Protected areas: Forest, Savana, other (32 %) 保护区：森林、草原、其它（ 32% ） Sahelian : 0-500 mm Acacia, Bananites 萨赫勒地区： : 0-500 mm 金合欢， Bananites Soudanian (savana, dry forest) 500 – 1200 mm Cordyla, Daniella,

Pterocarpus Soudanian ( 草原、干燥林 ) 500 – 1200 mm 心菌蚊属、

Daniella 、花梨木 Guinean: -semi dry and dense) > 1200 mm Afzelia, Detarium 几内亚：半干、茂密 ) > 1200 mm 缅茄木、 Detarium

Land use and forest ownership in Senegal塞内加尔土地利用和森林所有权

Land use and forest ownership in Senegal塞内加尔土地利用和森林所有权Water resources: rivers (Senegal, Gambia,

Casamance; Lac de Guier, etc), 水资源：河流 ( 塞内加尔、冈比亚、卡莎亡斯等 )Major pressures on the forest: agriculture,

Transhumance, forest fire, etc 对森林的主要压力：农业、畜牧季移、森林火灾等Forest ownership: state-owned (32%), customary law

68%), private ownership. 森林所有权：国有（ 32% ），传统法律（ 68% ），私有

Land use and forest ownership in Senegal塞内加尔土地利用和森林所有权

Volume and value of Hongmu logs exported by Gambia冈比亚出口的红木总量和价值

Source: China customs 来源：中国海关Before 2010, neither rosewood import by China, nor Gambia’s export for the same product2010 年以前，两国没有红木进出口交易

CYear China imports (m3)

No. containers (20ft)

Import value to China USD$

2010 6,734 420 2,871,4212011 54,222 (+87%) 3389 24,952,0992012 134,572

(+59.7%)8410 71,109,243

2013 121,938 (- 9%) 7621 66,665,8812014 96,998 (- 20%) 6062 31,149,550

2015 58043 3627 41,787,7602016 (first 6 months)

71704 4481 46,322,750

Legal status of Pterocarpus erinaceus in Senegal塞内加尔西非紫檀的合法地位

The export of logs is illegal (Forest Code 1993) when Pterocarpus erinaceus was listed as a semi protected species

西非紫檀被列为半保护物种时，出口原木属非法 Cutting of species under ‘national quota system’ but is strictly for the processing

by national sawmills “ 国家配额体系”，对国家锯木厂加工的严控 All imports of rosewood logs from Senegal to Gambia we consider illegal 从塞内加尔向冈比亚出口的红木均属非法 95% are also classified as ‘conflict timber’ if they originate in the Casamance

area with armed groups 95% 的原木被列为“冲突木材”，如果来自有武装组织的卡萨芒斯地区。

Rosewood a new phenomena for Senegal – how are we responding to the challenges?塞内加尔，红木新现象 - 我们如何应对挑战

Presidents commitment to this challenge – 25 February 2015

总统为应对挑战许下的承诺 - –2015 年 2 月 25 日 Forest Law Revision in May 2015 . For example international

trafficking 5 yrs prison 50 million fine

2015 年 5 月颁布森林法修订版。例如：国际非法交易将受到五年监禁和五千万罚款 Targeted military involvement specifically targeting rosewood

camps and traffickers

针对红木采伐和非法交易的军事参与 Listing of CITES Appendix II of Pterocarpus erinaceus

CITES 附件 2 西非紫檀清单

Challenges that we face in implementing these control measures实施控制措施 - 我们面临的挑战

Poverty of local communities is our key challenge 当地社区贫困是我们的主要挑战Chinese nationals at the border Motorcycles vs

Logs 中国公民在边境，摩托车与伐木Insufficient institutional means to fight trafficking 缺乏应对非法交易的机制手段Political situation in The Gambia 冈比亚的政治形式

SOLUTION: a transnational approach措施：跨国手段

SOLUTION: a transnational approach措施：跨国手段

SOLUTION: a transnational approach措施：跨国手段

SOLUTION: a transnational approach措施：跨国手段

BASIC PRINCIPLES基本原则WIN WIN APPROACH: from both sides. Profit

for communities, private sector and government

双赢策略：双方受益，对社区、企业和协会以及政府部门的惠益SUSTAINABILITY: sustainable forest

management for economic, social and environmental benefits

可持续性：为经济、社会和环境效益而进行的可持续森林管理

RULES AND REGULATIONS规章与法规Compliance with the national laws 遵守国家法律Compliance and respect of agreement 遵守和尊重协议Compliance with international conventions

ILO, CITES, etc遵守国际公约，如： ILO, CITES 等

RESOURCE BASE 资源基础Integrated trans frontier community forest

management programs综合的跨边境社区森林管理项目Capacity building for government agents, local

community, private sector, wood workers 政府机构、地方社区、企业协会和森林工作者的能力建设Promote legal export of semi finished wood

products to China 促进向中国合法出口半成品木制产品Long term commitment 长期承诺

CONCLUSION结论

FUNDING OF INTEGRATED TRANSFRONTIER COMMUNITY FOREST MANAGEMENT PROGRAM BETWEEN SENEGAL – THE GAMBIA AND GUINEA BISSAU

资助塞内加尔、冈比亚、几内亚、比绍的综合跨边境社区森林管理项目CAPACITY BUILDING AND LONG TERM

COMMITMENT TO UPLIFT SKILLS, ENHANCE SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT, ETC

能力建设和长期承诺以提高技能、加强可持续管理等POVERTY ALLEVIATION PROGRAMS 扶贫项目

THANKS谢谢！