Ethiopia • Centre of origin for cultivated crops such as

coffee teff enset

As recognized and mapped by Vavilov and his associates - Ethiopia: Previously known as Abyssinian centre. 38 species - native to this region

Grains and Legumes: Abyssinian hard wheat, poulard wheat, emmer, Polish wheat, barely, grain sorghum, pearl millet, African millet, cowpea, teff

Miscellaneous: sesame, castor bean, garden cress, coffee, okra, myrrh, indigo

• Centre of diversity for many crop species such as durum wheat barley Sorghum

Biodiversity plays key roles in economic, ecological and social fabrics in the country

Agriculture sector provides employment for about 83% of the population. Contributes 90% to the country’s export value and 45% to the GDP

Coffee alone contribute 4 to 5% to the GDP, about 20% to the government revenue and 60% to the total foreign exchange

Livestock sector contributes about 25% to the country’s GDP

Forest biodiversity provides ecosystem services and contributes an estimated 4% to the GDP

Protected areas cover 14% of the country. Direct and indirect annual economic values of some protected areas are estimated at 1.5 billion USD

Direct threats habitat conversion unsustainable utilization of biodiversity resources invasive species replacement of local varieties and breeds climate change pollution

Indirect causes of loss demographic change poverty lack of awareness and coordination

Threatened species

31 bird one reptile nine amphibian two fish and 14 other invertebrate

Ex situ and in situ conservation

Control of invasive species

Rehabilitation and restoration

Sustainable biodiversity management

Public awareness

Access and benefit sharing

1. Legal frameworks

2. Institutional frameworks

3. Revised NBSAP

Institutional frameworks

Re-establishment and restructuring of Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute and

Establishments Biodiversity Centers

Establishments of Regional Biodiversity Units

Establishment of new Ministries

Revision of the NBSAP

Broad participation of stakeholders

Policy makers (Parliament )

Local communities

Academic institutions (Research Institutes, Universities)

Civil society

NGOs

Providing appropriate data and information Commenting and evaluating the draft at two national workshops

Revised NBSAP containing 18 targets, 41 indicators and 59 actions has been produced Leading and collaborating implementing institutions for each action and implementation

period

Lead agency: The institute mandated to carryout actions and takes major responsibility to execute the actions and coordinate others

No Lead Institutions Targets Actions

1 EBI 13( 6T only by EBI) 32

2 MoA 6 9

3 NPC 3 4

4 MoEFCH 2 5

5 MoE 1 2

6 MoI 1 1

7 MoWIE 1 1

8 EWCA 1 4

9 MoWCYA 1 1

AAU EIPO MoM ATA Ethiopian Standards Authority MoST

BoA EWCA MoT

Bureaus of Wildlife and Tourism of Regions EWNHS MoWCYA

CBOs HLIs MoWIE

Civil Aviation HoPR NAIC

Concerned NGOs Investment Agency National Post Office

Cooperative Agency MDTI Regional Governments

Cooperatives/Associations Media NPC

Council of Ministers MoA Oromia Forest and Wildlife Enterprise

CSA MoCT Oromia Pastoral Commission

Customs and Revenue Authority, MoD Pastoral/Agro-pastoral Bureau

DHL MoE Police

EBF MoEFCH Private sector

EBI MoFED RARI

Economic Society of Ethiopia MoH Regional Biodiversity Units

ECXA MoI Regional Bureau of Education

Ethiopian Economic Association MoJ Regional Forest Enterprises

EIAR and l

Collaborating agency: The institute that works in close coordination with lead agency to execute the specified actions, as per condition specified under binding instrument (to be prepared as separate document)

Ethiopian targets by goals Indicators Actions Implementing Agency

Lead1a Collaborators2a

Strategic Goal A: Address the underlying causes of biodiversity loss by mainstreaming biodiversity across government and society

1 3 6 3 (EBI-3, MoE-2, MoA-1) 15

2 3 3 1 (EBI-4) 14

3 1 2 2 (EBI-1, NPC-1) 7

Strategic Goal B: Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity and promote sustainable use

4 1 3 3 (MoI-1, MoWIE-1, MoA-1) 17

5 2 4 2(MoEFCH-2, MoA-2) 17

6 3 3 2 (EBI-1, MoA-2) 12

Strategic Goal C: To improve the status of biodiversity by safeguarding ecosystems, species and genetic diversity

7 2 5 1 (EWCA-4) 10

8 4 5 1 ( EBI-5) 9

9 3 3 1 (EBI-3) 9

Strategic Goal D: Enhance the benefits to all from biodiversity and ecosystem services

10 3 4 2 (MoEFCH-3, MoA-1) 9

11 2 4 1 (EBI-4) 16

12 1 3 2 (EBI-2, MoWCYA-1) 7

13 2 2 1 (MoA-2) 15

Strategic Goal E: Enhance implementation through participatory planning, knowledge management and capacity building

14 2 2 1 (EBI-2) 10,

15 2 3 1 (EBI-2) 12

16 3 3 2 (EBI-2, NPC-1) 17

17 2 2 2 (EBI-1, NPC-1) 9

18 2 2 1 (EBI-2) 8

18 41 59 9 56

Coordination • National Biodiversity Council • National Biodiversity Technical Committee

Resource Mobilization

Plans for Clearing House Mechanism

Monitoring and Evaluation

Reporting

Salary Operating Investment

Total sum 641,815,600 16,775,308,800 882,700,000

USD 30 562 647.62 79 882 4228.6 42 033 333.33

Implementation Arrangements

Lessons

Selection of target from the priority with the top government priorities

Targets can easily be mainstreamed into National and Sectoral plans

Not based on the assumptions that the planned actions would be implemented by the external funding

Most of the activities mainstreamed into government activities

Discussions with the stakeholders on actions outlined within the current NBSAP

Agreement of Lead institutions

Legally binding instruments, and monitoring and evaluation mechanism

Separate financial resources mobilization strategy

Responsible Focal Institute to coordinate the implementation and mainstreaming of the NBSAP at all political and grass root levels

Role of Development cooperation Biodiversity Mainstreaming is a part of the larger effort to link biodiversity conservation, development funding

and practices It represents an important body of practice for conservation with very significant policy and funding support GIZ technical and financial support for many years UNDP/GEF technical and financial support to mainstream agro-biodiversity through:

Revision of existing seven sectoral polices Preparation of marketing strategy for the biodiversity crops (teff, forest cofffe, enset and durum wheat) Preparation of local by-laws for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity resources Preparation of extension package for farmers variety crops and Climate change adaptation strategy Awareness creation at all levels ( decision makers- local community)

UNEP/GEF technical and financial support for the preparation of NBSAP and country report

UNEP/GEF technical and financial support through Capacity Builiding for Access and Benefit Sharing, and Conservation and Sustainable Use of Medicinal Plants project to mainstream medicinal plant biodiversity and capacitate local communities with the principles of ABS

Mainstreaming biodiversity requires sustained and long-time support with priorities 1. Sufficient and long term financial and technical support for the implementation of mainstreamed NBSAP at

National, Sectoral and Local Level 2. Capacity support 3. Support to identify entry points (gaps, obstacles and challenges) for policy change

Thank you!