Tobacco/Nicotine Tobacco/Nicotine

By: Caitlin Mariorenzi

WHAT IS TOBACCO?

It is dried and chopped up to be used in…

Cigarettes, pipes, and cigars (to be smoked)

Chewing tobacco (to be chewed) Snuff (to sniff)

Tobacco is a green, leafy plant.

NICOTINENicotine is the chemical in tobacco that

makes tobacco addictive. Nicotine results in long-term brain changes creating addiction.

Nicotine enters directly into the blood stream, and stimulates adrenal glands to release adrenaline (epinephrine).

Causes an increase in… Blood pressure Heart rate Respiration

Nicotine is not responsible for cancer. Tobacco smoke is!

90% of all lung cancer’s are a result of smoking. Tobacco smoke contains many harmful chemicals such as…

carbon monoxide Tar

Formaldehyde Cyanide Ammonia

These chemicals can also cause lung diseases such as emphysema and bronchitis.

SIDE EFFECTS

• It is also linked to cataracts, pneumonia, and leukemia.

•Cigarette smoking accounts for 1/3rd of all cancers!

•Snuff increases the risk for oral cancer

•Smoking increases one’s risk for lung diseases, heart disease, stroke, vascular disease, and aneurysm.

SIDE EFFECTS CONTINUED

On average people who smoke die 10 years earlier than those who don’t

•According to the Center for Disease control and prevention (CDC) cigarette smoking results in more than 480,000 premature deaths a year.

“1 IN 5 U.S DEATHS ARE RELATED TO SMOKING”

WHAT MANY DON’T KNOW

The second a smoker lights a cigarette inhaling the smoke, toxic and radioactive substances enter the lungs and instantly cause damage to cells and tissues.

•Tobacco contains radioactive materials such as polonium 210 and lead-210. These materials can naturally be found in soil and air. They can be found in high-phosphate fertilizers. These radioactive materials get into tobacco leaves and remain in them even after they are processed.

SECOND HAND SMOKE(ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE)

Being around others who smoke can have serious consequences! Even death.

Heart Disease: The

risk increases by

25-30%

Health Problems: such as coughing, respiratory infections, pneumonia, bronchitis, and increased phlegm

Almost 41,000 nonsmokers die (every year) from diseases caused by secondhand smoke exposure.

ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE 150,000-300,000 babies younger

than 18 months old suffer from respiratory tract infections caused by secondhand smoke.

More than 100,000 babies have died in the last 50 years from SID (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) as a result of their parents smoking

Children who grow up around parents smoking have an increased risk of smoking themselves later on.

Tobacco addiction is a chronic disease, it is NOT easy to quit.

One may experience withdrawal symptoms…

Powerful cravings of tobacco Increased appetite Sleep disturbances Irritability Attention Difficulties

Treatments can help manage symptoms. Support/assistance could be needed in order to fully quit.

TREATMENTS

Nicotine chewing gum Nasal Sprays Inhalers

Nicotine transdermal patch Lozenges

Nicotine replacement treatments (NRT’s)- Are the first pharmacological treatments approved by the FDA…

They give a controlled dose of nicotine to the consumer to help relieve withdrawal symptoms.

Behavioral Treatments: Self help and counseling help people develop

coping strategies Medication Treatments:•Bupropion (Zyban) –Approved in 1997

•Vareniicline tartrate (Chantix) –Approved in 2007These medications target nicotine receptors in the

brain, easing withdrawal symptoms.

E- CIGARETTES•Many people look to E-Cigarettes to help them quit. E-Cigarettes are battery operated, they contain no tobacco, only the addictive chemical-NICOTINE.

•Studies have shown they do not help as well as people think. Also students who have used E-Cigarettes before they enter 9th grade are at high risk to start smoking within the next year.

OUR SOCIETYThroughout the years smoking has

declined dramatically.In the late 1990’s:21% of 8th graders30% of 10th graders37% of 12th graders

Smoked.

In 2014:4% of 8th graders7.2% of 10th graders13.6% of 12th graders •High school students

use of hookahs remained steady from 2010-2014•High school students use of small cigars declined from 2010-2014

IF YOU’RE TRYING TO QUIT…

U.S Department and human services (HHS) established a national toll-free quit line:800-QUIT-NOW (Call this number if you are seeking information to quit).

Discussion Question: After learning about Tobacco/Nicotine how would you help a friend who is trying to quit?

REFERENCES

All of the information from this presentation came from the following three sources!

Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products. (2015, August). Retrieved January 25, 2016, from http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/cigarettes-other-tobacco-products

Cigarette Smoking and Radiation. (2015). Retrieved January 25, 2016, from http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/radiation/smoking.htm

What is tobacco? (n.d.). Retrieved January 25, 2016, from http://healthliteracy.worlded.org/docs/tobacco/Unit1/1what_is.html