Upload
international-water-management-institute-iwmi-cgiar-water-land-and-ecosystems-program
View
139
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
By Parvesh Kr Chandna, Andy Nelson, Zahirul Khan, Moqbul Hossain, Sohel Rana, Fazlur Rashid, M. Mondal, T.P. Tuong Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference 21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/
Citation preview
Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal
Zones of South Asia
IRRI
CPWF-G1 Team :
Parvesh Kr Chandna, Andy Nelson, Zahirul Khan, Moqbul Hossain, Sohel
Rana, Fazlur Rashid , M Mondal, T.P Toung
Drought - Boro Soil Salinity Water Salinity
Water logging
Mul$ple Stresses Flash Floods + Drought
Soil/Water salinity + drought Salinity + drought + Zn
Flash Floods + Stagnant Flood
Status of Zn in Soil
Bhola
Barisal
Patuakhali
Bhola
Barisal
Bhola
Barisal
Bhola
Barisal
May, 2012
KHULNA BARISAL
How to target more efficiently for accelerated dissemination of technologies
? ?
? ? ? ?
Traditional approach may not work
? ? Traditional approach is okay for
regional level planning but how to
target technologies at local level
Technology/System Based Approach
Extrapolation Domains
Study Area: experimental sites
Study Area
Polder 3,- High saline zone
Polder 30,- Medium saline zone
Polder 43/2F - Low saline zone
“What Where and When?” “Data Data Data” and more Data
Extrapolation domains are about
Objective: To develop and refine extrapolation domain methods and maps to target improved cropping systems for increased productivity in coastal zones of Bangladesh
v Study Area
v Material & methods
v Results
v Conclusion & Recommendations
&
v WebGIS, data sharing
IRRI
Existing system for validation (1) Aman – Rabi crop (2) Aus - Aman (3) Aman - Shrimp (4) Year round aquaculture Innovative systems for targetting (1) Aman (HYV) - Rabi (HVC) (2) Aus – Aman - boro (3) Aus - Aman - Rabi crop (4) Aman (HYV)-Boro(HYV) (5) Aus (HYV) – Aman (HYV) (6) Year round polyculture (7) Shrimp - Rice
Proposed number of domains to map
Material and methods
Aman - boro Water quality and availability in dry season
Description of Land use type(technology)
Fresh (< 4dS/m), ground water
availability and pumping depth
Month when river water still remain
fresh (<4 dS/m)
Internal storage
capacity in relation to land
area (ML/ha)
Proximity to river, canal, ponds (m)
Difference (m) in high
water level in Mar and land
surface for gravity
irrigation (m)
boro rice is seeded around 15 Nov. (MS) to 15 Dec (LS). Aman rice is rain fed. boro rice is irrigated with river water (when fresh) or with water stored in canal networks.
Yes, < 6 m S1 March S1 > 5 S1 <50 S1 > 1 S1
Yes, 7 -20 m S2 Feb S2 2.5 - 5 S2 50-100 S2 0.5 - 1 S2
yes, > 20 S3 Jan S3 1 - 2.5 S3 100-300 S3 0.2 - 0.5 S3
No SN Dec SN <1 SN >300 SN < 0.2 SN
Aman - boro Water quality and availability in wet season
Description of Land use
type(technology)
Maximum inundation depth (m) in August (one week)
Maximum inundation depth (m) for less than 2
weeks in Sep/Oct
Difference (m) in land surface and low water
level in Sep/Oct for drainage
Aman HYV rice is transplanted in July-August, to be harvested by the end of November (Moderate Salinity zone) or December (low saline zone).
< 0.1 S1 < 0.2 S1 > 1 S1
0.1 – 0.2 S2 0.2 – 0.5 S2 0.5 - 1 S2
0.2 – 0.3 S3 0.5 – 0.8 S3 0.2 – 0.5 S3
> 0.3 SN > 0.8 SN < 0.2 SN
S1 = Most Suitable S2 = Suitable S3 = Marginally Suitable SN = Not Suitable
Water requirements for Aman - boro
Fresh groundwater
(< 4dS/m) Tubewell?
Tubewell depth (m)
Month when river water (< 3 dS/m)
Storage capacity (ML/
ha)
Proximity to fresh SW
source (m)
Suitability for HYV boro rice crop
Yes
No
Shallow
Deep
< 6
7 - 20
Mar
Feb
Jan
Dec
> 20
2.5 - 5
1- 2.5
2.5 - 5
1 – 2.5
< 100
> 100
< 100
> 100
< 100
> 100
< 100
> 100
S1
S1
S2
S3
S1
S1
S2
S2
S3
S2
S3
S3
SN
SN
Groundwater Surface water
Irriga$on with GW
1 Fresh (< 4dS/m) ground water availability 2 Ground water pumping depth
Irriga$on with SW
3 Latest month when river water <3 dS/m 4 Maximum river water salinity in April/May 5 Maximum river water salinity in August 6 Difference in high water level in April and land surface for gravity irrigaKon 7 Difference in high water level in March and land surface for gravity irrigaKon 8 Difference (m) in land surface and high water level in Mar/Apr for irrigaKon 9 Storage capacity 10 Proximity to river, canal, ponds, for irrigaKon
Drainage
11 Proximity to river, canal, for drainage 12 Maximum inundaKon depth/land type 13 Maximum inundaKon depth for > three days in May 14 Maximum inundaKon depth in September/October 15 Maximum inundaKon depth for > one week in September/October 16 Maximum inundaKon depth for > two weeks in September/October 17 Difference in land surface and low water level in May for drainage 18 Difference in land surface and low water level in September/October for drainage
Soil 19 Soil texture 20 Soil pH 21 Soil salinity
gher water 22 lowest water salinity during January and highest during April (ppt) 23 InundaKon depth/land type
Climate
24 Weekly air minimum temperature at stocking 25 Weekly mean minimum air temperature in January 26 Two-‐week mean air temperature in December and January 27 CumulaKve rainfall in July & August
Social and economic
28 Livelihood/asset index 29 Technology adopKon index
Soil pH Soil texture
Min temp – 8th-14th Feb Soil salinity Water salinity
Example: Input datasets
Flood inundation depth
IRRI
Percentage of small farms, <1ha Percentage of leased land
Through our partners we have obtained the 2011 population and 2008 agricultural census’ at village level. This is a huge and still untapped resource.
Example: Input dataset IRRI
Values in percent
Results
IRRI
Results Improved systems…
Not Suitable Marginal Suitable
Marginally suitable = 330,000 ha Suitable area = 180,000 ha
IRRI
300-500 M USD/Yr additional income by introduction of drought tolerant cultivar in Boro season or rabi crop
GIS Lab, SSD, IRRI- Parvesh Kr Chandna@2014 – Unpublished
Results Improved systems…
Extrapolation Domains : Aus (HYV)-Aman (HYV)-Rabi cropping system
Not Suitable Marginal Suitable
Marginally suitable = 500,000 ha Suitable area = 16,000 ha
IRRI
GIS Lab, SSD, IRRI- Parvesh Kr Chandna@2014 – Unpublished
Extrapolation Domains at Polder Level Aman (HYV) Conflict area : rice and shrimp farmers Aman (HYV)–Boro(AYV)
Year Round Aquaculture Shrimp -Aman Aus (HYV)
Polder 44
Livelihood Index
Z score values
GIS Lab, SSD, IRRI- Parvesh Kr Chandna@2014 – Unpublished
Approximate 2149 villages are categorized under low or very low livelihood levels
IRRI
Improved Targeting – Extrapolation domains for Aman (HYV)-Boro(HYV) Preference zoning for woman led targeting
Preference zones
GIS Lab, SSD, IRRI- Parvesh Kr Chandna@2014 – Unpublished
Recommendations
v Extrapolation domains of different cropping systems facilitate improved & accelerated targeting which can lead to higher cropping intensity and productivity and income
There is a need of paradigm shift from traditional to system/technology based approach for targeting technologies
WebGIS – http://gangesriverbasin.blogspot.com
Remote Sensing/GIS based methods developed in the project has impact
across the region, organizaKons and projects
-‐ Suitable for South and South-‐east Asia
-‐ STRASA, CSISA and many other mega projects
-‐ High demand of products from NaKonal and InternaKonal Partners
Scope and Poten$al Impact
Project personnel and their ins$tu$ons
IRRI(Lead Centre) -‐ Andy Nelson , Parvesh Kr Chandna and TP Toung Na$onal Partners Soil Research Development InsKtute (SRDI), Bangladesh -‐ Moqbul Hossain InsKtute of Water Modeling (IWM), Bangladesh -‐ Zahirul Khan Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB), Bangladesh -‐ Fazlur Rahid Local Government Engineering Department (LGED), Bangladesh -‐ Sohel Rana
IRRI
Thank you
IWM LGED IRRI SRDI BWDB