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Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia IRRI CPWF-G1 Team : Parvesh Kr Chandna, Andy Nelson, Zahirul Khan, Moqbul Hossain, Sohel Rana, Fazlur Rashid , M Mondal, T.P Toung

Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

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By Parvesh Kr Chandna, Andy Nelson, Zahirul Khan, Moqbul Hossain, Sohel Rana, Fazlur Rashid, M. Mondal, T.P. Tuong Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference 21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/

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Page 1: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal

Zones of South Asia

IRRI

CPWF-G1 Team :

Parvesh Kr Chandna, Andy Nelson, Zahirul Khan, Moqbul Hossain, Sohel

Rana, Fazlur Rashid , M Mondal, T.P Toung

Page 2: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Drought - Boro Soil Salinity Water Salinity

Water logging

Mul$ple  Stresses  Flash  Floods  +  Drought  

Soil/Water  salinity  +  drought  Salinity  +  drought  +  Zn    

Flash  Floods  +  Stagnant  Flood    

 

Status of Zn in Soil

Bhola

Barisal

Patuakhali

Bhola

Barisal

Bhola

Barisal

Bhola

Barisal

May,  2012  

KHULNA   BARISAL  

Page 3: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

How to target more efficiently for accelerated dissemination of technologies

? ?

? ? ? ?

Traditional approach may not work

? ? Traditional approach is okay for

regional level planning but how to

target technologies at local level

Page 4: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Technology/System  Based  Approach    

Extrapolation Domains

Page 5: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Study Area: experimental sites

Study Area

Polder 3,- High saline zone

Polder 30,- Medium saline zone

Polder 43/2F - Low saline zone

Page 6: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

“What Where and When?” “Data Data Data” and more Data

Extrapolation domains are about

Page 7: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Objective: To develop and refine extrapolation domain methods and maps to target improved cropping systems for increased productivity in coastal zones of Bangladesh

Page 8: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

v Study Area

v Material & methods

v Results

v Conclusion & Recommendations

&

v WebGIS, data sharing

IRRI

Page 9: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Existing system for validation (1) Aman – Rabi crop (2) Aus - Aman (3) Aman - Shrimp (4) Year round aquaculture Innovative systems for targetting (1) Aman (HYV) - Rabi (HVC) (2) Aus – Aman - boro (3) Aus - Aman - Rabi crop (4)  Aman (HYV)-Boro(HYV) (5) Aus (HYV) – Aman (HYV) (6)  Year round polyculture (7)  Shrimp - Rice

Proposed number of domains to map

Material and methods

Page 10: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Aman - boro Water quality and availability in dry season

Description of Land use type(technology)

Fresh (< 4dS/m), ground water

availability and pumping depth

Month when river water still remain

fresh (<4 dS/m)

Internal storage

capacity in relation to land

area (ML/ha)

Proximity to river, canal, ponds (m)

Difference (m) in high

water level in Mar and land

surface for gravity

irrigation (m)

boro rice is seeded around 15 Nov. (MS) to 15 Dec (LS). Aman rice is rain fed. boro rice is irrigated with river water (when fresh) or with water stored in canal networks.

Yes, < 6 m S1 March S1 > 5 S1 <50 S1 > 1 S1

Yes, 7 -20 m S2 Feb S2 2.5 - 5 S2 50-100 S2 0.5 - 1 S2

yes, > 20 S3 Jan S3 1 - 2.5 S3 100-300 S3 0.2 - 0.5 S3

No SN Dec SN <1 SN >300 SN < 0.2 SN

Aman - boro Water quality and availability in wet season

Description of Land use

type(technology)

Maximum inundation depth (m) in August (one week)

Maximum inundation depth (m) for less than 2

weeks in Sep/Oct

Difference (m) in land surface and low water

level in Sep/Oct for drainage

Aman HYV rice is transplanted in July-August, to be harvested by the end of November (Moderate Salinity zone) or December (low saline zone).

< 0.1 S1 < 0.2 S1 > 1 S1

0.1 – 0.2 S2 0.2 – 0.5 S2 0.5 - 1 S2

0.2 – 0.3 S3 0.5 – 0.8 S3 0.2 – 0.5 S3

> 0.3 SN > 0.8 SN < 0.2 SN

S1 = Most Suitable S2 = Suitable S3 = Marginally Suitable SN = Not Suitable

Water requirements for Aman - boro

Page 11: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Fresh groundwater

(< 4dS/m) Tubewell?

Tubewell depth (m)

Month when river water (< 3 dS/m)

Storage capacity (ML/

ha)

Proximity to fresh SW

source (m)

Suitability for HYV boro rice crop

Yes

No

Shallow

Deep

< 6

7 - 20

Mar

Feb

Jan

Dec

> 20

2.5 - 5

1- 2.5

2.5 - 5

1 – 2.5

< 100

> 100

< 100

> 100

< 100

> 100

< 100

> 100

S1

S1

S2

S3

S1

S1

S2

S2

S3

S2

S3

S3

SN

SN

Groundwater Surface water

Page 12: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Irriga$on  with  GW  

 1      Fresh  (<  4dS/m)  ground  water  availability      2      Ground  water  pumping  depth  

Irriga$on  with  SW  

 3      Latest  month  when  river  water  <3  dS/m    4      Maximum  river  water  salinity  in  April/May    5      Maximum  river  water  salinity  in  August    6      Difference  in  high  water  level  in  April  and  land  surface  for  gravity  irrigaKon    7      Difference  in  high  water  level  in  March  and  land  surface  for  gravity  irrigaKon    8      Difference  (m)  in  land  surface  and  high  water  level    in  Mar/Apr  for  irrigaKon    9      Storage  capacity    10  Proximity  to  river,  canal,  ponds,  for  irrigaKon  

Drainage  

 11  Proximity  to  river,  canal,  for  drainage    12  Maximum  inundaKon  depth/land  type    13  Maximum  inundaKon  depth  for  >  three  days  in  May    14  Maximum  inundaKon  depth  in  September/October    15  Maximum  inundaKon  depth  for  >  one  week  in  September/October    16  Maximum  inundaKon  depth  for  >  two  weeks  in  September/October    17  Difference  in  land  surface  and  low  water  level  in  May  for  drainage    18  Difference    in  land  surface  and  low  water  level  in  September/October  for  drainage  

Soil    19  Soil  texture    20  Soil  pH    21  Soil  salinity  

gher  water    22  lowest  water  salinity  during  January  and  highest  during  April  (ppt)      23  InundaKon  depth/land  type  

Climate  

 24  Weekly  air  minimum  temperature  at  stocking    25  Weekly  mean  minimum  air  temperature  in  January      26  Two-­‐week  mean  air  temperature  in  December  and  January    27  CumulaKve  rainfall  in  July  &  August  

Social  and  economic  

 28  Livelihood/asset  index    29  Technology  adopKon  index  

Page 13: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Soil pH Soil texture

Min temp – 8th-14th Feb Soil salinity Water salinity

Example:  Input  datasets  

Flood inundation depth

IRRI

Page 14: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Percentage of small farms, <1ha Percentage of leased land

Through our partners we have obtained the 2011 population and 2008 agricultural census’ at village level. This is a huge and still untapped resource.

Example:  Input  dataset   IRRI

Values in percent

Page 15: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Results

IRRI

Page 16: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Results Improved systems…

Not Suitable Marginal Suitable

Marginally suitable = 330,000 ha Suitable area = 180,000 ha

IRRI

300-500 M USD/Yr additional income by introduction of drought tolerant cultivar in Boro season or rabi crop

GIS Lab, SSD, IRRI- Parvesh Kr Chandna@2014 – Unpublished

Page 17: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Results Improved systems…

Extrapolation Domains : Aus (HYV)-Aman (HYV)-Rabi cropping system

Not Suitable Marginal Suitable

Marginally suitable = 500,000 ha Suitable area = 16,000 ha

IRRI

GIS Lab, SSD, IRRI- Parvesh Kr Chandna@2014 – Unpublished

Page 18: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Extrapolation Domains at Polder Level Aman (HYV) Conflict area : rice and shrimp farmers Aman (HYV)–Boro(AYV)

Year Round Aquaculture Shrimp -Aman Aus (HYV)

Polder 44

Page 19: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Livelihood  Index      

Z score values

GIS Lab, SSD, IRRI- Parvesh Kr Chandna@2014 – Unpublished

Approximate 2149 villages are categorized under low or very low livelihood levels

IRRI

Page 20: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Improved Targeting – Extrapolation domains for Aman (HYV)-Boro(HYV) Preference zoning for woman led targeting

Preference zones

GIS Lab, SSD, IRRI- Parvesh Kr Chandna@2014 – Unpublished

Page 21: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Recommendations

v  Extrapolation domains of different cropping systems facilitate improved & accelerated targeting which can lead to higher cropping intensity and productivity and income

There is a need of paradigm shift from traditional to system/technology based approach for targeting technologies

Page 22: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

WebGIS – http://gangesriverbasin.blogspot.com

Page 23: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Remote  Sensing/GIS  based  methods  developed  in  the  project  has  impact  

across  the  region,  organizaKons  and  projects  

 -­‐        Suitable  for  South  and  South-­‐east  Asia  

 -­‐        STRASA,  CSISA  and  many  other  mega  projects  

 -­‐        High  demand  of  products    from  NaKonal  and  InternaKonal  Partners    

Scope  and  Poten$al  Impact  

Project  personnel  and  their  ins$tu$ons    

IRRI(Lead  Centre)  -­‐  Andy  Nelson  ,  Parvesh  Kr  Chandna  and    TP  Toung    Na$onal  Partners  Soil  Research  Development  InsKtute  (SRDI),  Bangladesh    -­‐  Moqbul  Hossain  InsKtute  of  Water  Modeling  (IWM),  Bangladesh  -­‐  Zahirul  Khan  Bangladesh  Water  Development  Board  (BWDB),  Bangladesh  -­‐  Fazlur  Rahid    Local  Government  Engineering  Department  (LGED),  Bangladesh  -­‐  Sohel  Rana  

IRRI

Page 24: Targeting Improved Cropping Systems in Poverty-Prone Coastal Zones of South Asia

Thank you

IWM LGED IRRI SRDI BWDB