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INTRODUCTION TO INTRODUCTION TO PENTIUM PROCESSOR PENTIUM PROCESSOR

ARCHITECTUREARCHITECTURE

IA-32 Pentium ProcessorIA-32 Pentium Processor

Is the processor introduced by Intel Corporation.

Now Intel processor is more known as Pentium Processor

Evolusi Penciptaan Evolusi Penciptaan Pemproses PentiumPemproses Pentium

1985 - IA-32 80386 Processor 1989 - IA-32 80486 Processor 1993 - Pentium 1995 - Pentium Pro 1997 - Pentium II 1999 - Pentium III 2000 - Pentium 4 2001 - IA-64 Itanium 2002-current - Itanium 2

IA-32 ProcessorIA-32 Processor

31 0

R0

R1

R7

8 Main Purpose Register

IA-32 Register Structure


Eight 32-bit register mark with (R0 – R7) are general purpose register

It is used to hold operand data or addressing information


Architecture based on memory modelDifferent area combination in memory is

called segment


Code Segment (CS)– Hold program instruction

Stack Segment (SS)– Contains processor stack

4 Data Segment (DS)– To hold operand data

IA-32 Processor IA-32 Processor 16 0

CS

SS

DS

ES

FS

GS

6

Segment

Register

Data Segment


Processor used segment register CS,SS, DS and ES to fetch code, stack and two data segment

80386 and 80486 Processor80386 and 80486 Processor

80386 is the first processor which implement IA-32 architecture

80486 contains integer processing unit and floating point

80486 memory support is similar to 8038680486 allows parallelism and pipelining

Pentium ProcessorPentium Processor

Upgraded 80486The power is twice 80486CISC architecture which achieved high

performance by using RISC characteristic processor

Lets two instruction be executed in one clock cycle

Pentium ProcessorPentium Processor

Use simple dynamic branch prediction formSelect direction either to choose last branch

executedMaximum instruction number can be

executed in one cycle is two

Pentium Pro ProcessorPentium Pro Processor

Increase superscalar and the ability to execute instrcution without sequential Superscalar factor, is also known as maximum instruction can be execute in one clock cycle is three in Pentium Pro Processor


Superscalar operation is supported by many execution unit including for integer operation and floating point unit

Ability to execute instruction in different sequence with data stated in program is fetch from memory


Lets many instruction executed simultaneously

External bus which control the circuit lets Pentium Pro to be used in multiprocessor system

Pentium II and III ProcessorPentium II and III Processor

Pentium II Processor add MMX instructionMMX instruction prepare processor as

parallel in multimedia operation towards pixel which describe graphical data

Pentium II and III ProcessorPentium II and III Processor

Pentium III Processor introduce vector instruction (SIMD)

Is an instruction to process vector operation at floating point data

Pentium 4 ProcessorPentium 4 Processor

Clock rate between 1.3 to 1.5 GHzIA-32 instruction set fully supported

including MMX and SSE instructionCache instruction to hold path segment

execution, decoded instruction known as trace

Pentium 4 ProcessorPentium 4 Processor

Trace can be more than one branch in original program

If the path is repeated, execution will be much faster

Test will be done to ensure that the same branch is fetched when trace is repeated

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