Business Research Method

An Introduction

W. Rofianto

1-2

A process of determining, acquiring,

analyzing, synthesizing, and

disseminating relevant business data,

information, and insights to decision

makers in ways that mobilize the

organization to take appropriate business

actions that, in turn, maximize business

performance

Business Research Defined

The primary purpose of research is

to reduce the level of risk of a

business decision.

1-3

Research May Not Be Necessary

Can It Pass These Tests? Can information be applied to a critical decision?

Will the information improve managerial decision making?

Are sufficient resources available?

Two Categories of Research

Applied Basic (Pure)

1-4

Business research provides

information to guide business

decisions

Business Research Challenge & Opportunity

“Enterprises have long recognized the need to better sense and respond

to business change. What’s different today is that ubiquitous access to

information and real-time communications have fostered an ‘always on’

business culture where decision making has become a ‘just-in-time process.’”

Business Performance Management Forum

Integration of

Data Lower-cost

Data

Collection Real-time

Access Better

Visualization

Tools Powerful

Computation

Computing Power and Speed

Scientific Method

The analysis and interpretation of empirical evidence (facts from

observation or experimentation) to confirm or disprove prior

conceptions.

3-6

Researchers

Encounter problems

State problems

Propose hypotheses

Formulate rival hypotheses

Conduct empirical tests

Draw conclusions

1-7

Characteristics of Good Research

Clearly defined purpose

Detailed research process

Thoroughly planned design

High ethical standards

Limitations addressed

Adequate analysis

Unambiguous presentation

Conclusions justified

Credentials

Language of Research

Concept is a bundle of meanings associated with certain concrete,

unambiguous events, objects, conditions, or situations.

Construct is a definition specifically invented to represent an

abstract phenomena for a given research project.

Variable is used as a synonym for the construct being studied.

Operational definition defines a variable in terms of specific

measurement and testing criteria.

Hypothesis is a proposition formulated for empirical testing.

Theory is a set of systematically interrelated concepts, definitions,

and propositions that are advanced to explain or predict

phenomena.

Deductive Reasoning

The logical process of deriving a conclusion from a known

premise or something known to be true.

We know that all managers are human beings.

If we also know that John Smith is a manager.

then we can deduce that John Smith is a human being.

The logical process of establishing a general proposition on

the basis of observation of particular facts.

All managers that have ever been seen are human beings.

therefore all managers are human beings.

Inductive Reasoning

In verbal models, the variables and their relationships are

stated in prose form. Such models may be mere

restatements of the main tenets of a theory.

An analytical model is a set of variables

and their interrelationships designed to represent,

in whole or in part, some real system or process.

“improvement in customer satisfaction can enhance customer

repurchase intention”

Models

Graphical models are visual, used to isolate variables and

to suggest directions of relationships.

SERVPERF

Graphical Models

Repurchase

Intention

Customer

Satisfaction

=

+=n

iii xaay

10

aa i,

0

Where

y = degree of preference

= model parameters to be estimated

statistically

Mathematical models explicitly specify the relationships

among variables, usually in equation form.

Mathematical models

BAB I PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar belakang

1.2 Masalah Penelitian

1.3 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian

1.4 Tujuan Penelitian

1.5 Manfaat Penelitian

1.6 Sistematika Penulisan

BAB II LANDASAN TEORI

2.1 Tinjauan Pustaka

2.2 Rerangka Pemikiran

2.3 Model Penelitian

BAB IV ANALISIS DAN PEMBAHASAN

4.1 Gambaran Umum Objek Penelitian

4.2 Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian

4.3 Implikasi Manajerial

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN

3.1 Tipe dan Objek Penelitian

3.2 Metode Pengumpulan Data

3.3 Operasionalisasi Variabel

3.4 Metode Analisis Data

BAB V PENUTUP

5.1 Kesimpulan

5.2 Saran

Scientific Writing Outline