Shanghai.Delegation.Role Of The Press

The role of the press in Western Society

西方社会媒体的作用

Andy Drinkwater

安迪 . 德林克奥特

“News helps us make sense of the world around us.”“ 新闻帮助我们理解我们周围的世界”

What is news? 什么是新闻？

Role of the press 媒体的作用

Newspapers first appeared in 17th Century.报纸第一次出现在 17 世纪

London Gazette founded in 1665伦敦公报创办于 1665 年


Times of London first appeared in 1788.伦敦时报首发于 1788 年


Until mid 19th century newspapers were for educated, elite classes直到 19 世纪中期，报纸是提供给受过教育的精英阶层


Mass market newspapers grew in late 19th and early 20th centuries面向大众市场的报纸增长于19 世纪末 20 世纪初


UK 英国10 million national newspapers are sold every day.每天销售 1 千万份全国性的报纸

70% of adults read a national newspaper 70% 的成年人阅读一份全国性报纸

Most westernised democracies regard a free press as being a crucial pillar of society.大多数的西方民主认为自由的媒体是社会的重要支柱之一。


Most members of the Western press regard themselves as defenders of democracy and free speech.大多数西方媒体的成员认为他们自己是民主和自由言论的卫士。


Public opinion is shaped by and reflected in the national press. 公众的意见被全国性的媒体塑造和反映

Role of the press媒体的作用

Who are the main players in the UK media?谁是英国的主要媒体？


BROADCASTERS广播电视

英国广播电视公司

天空新闻

英国独立电视台


• TV, radio and online 电视，广播和在线• Website most popular in UK for news 英国最受欢迎的新闻网站• Publicly funded 公众资助的• Households with TV pay £142 a year each• 有电视机的家庭每年支付 142 英镑• Independent voice 独立的声音• Trusted source of news 新闻的可靠来源


• Commercial enterprises 商业企业• Sky known for 24 hour news 天空电视以 24 小时新闻而闻名• ITV funded by advertising ITV 的经费来自于广告收入

天空新闻英国独立电视台

National Newspapers全国性的报纸


‘Broadsheet’‘ 大页面报纸’

Middle market中间市场

Tabloid小报

National Newspapers全国性报纸


Broadsheets 大页面报纸

Readers: 读者： • Up market 上层市场 • Educated 受过教育的• Professionals 专业人士• Influential 有影响力的• Opinion formers 舆论界

Newspapers: 报纸：• Serious 严肃• Influential 有影响力的• Substantial 重大的

Guardian卫报

Times泰晤士报

Telegraph每日电讯报

National Newspapers全国性的报纸


Middle Market中间市场

Readers: 读者：• Middle class 中层阶级• conservative 保守的• Big female 大量的女性 readership 读者• Important to 对政府非 government 常重要

Newspapers are: 报纸• Opinionated 有观点的• Influential 有影响力的• Popular 热门的

Daily Mail每日邮报

Daily Express每日快报

National Newspapers全国性报纸


Tabloids 小报

Readers: 读者：• Lower-middle class and working class 中下阶层和工人阶级• Interested in gossip and celebrities 对于八卦和名人感兴趣• Big section of population 广泛的受众• Important voters 重要的投票人

Newspapers: 报纸：• Fun 有趣的• Loud 高声的• Easy to read 容易阅读

The Sun太阳报

Daily Mirror每日镜报

Daily Star每日星报

Role of the journalist: 记者的作用

• Inform 告知• Enlighten 启示• Educate 教育• Entertain 娱乐


Qualities of the journalist:记者的素质• Anti-establishment 反对当权派• Questioning 提问• Sceptical 怀疑• Mistrustful of authority 不信任权威• Persistent 持久性• Tenacious 顽强•

持久性顽强


News & Politics

Shanghai.Delegation.Role Of The Press