A PRESENTATION ONTRACTOR DIVISION

Name of Faculty Submitted by-: Svabhiman Singh Mr. Aromal T. Sir (131MC00230) (THE ICFAI UNIVERSITY DEHRADUN)

Abstract

Before we start we should says that how the tractor is derived. In 1900 the machine i.e. tractor is known is traction machine (pulling machine). After 1900 , both the words joined by taking “tract” from tractor and “tor” from the motor.

Acknowledgement

Firstly, I would like to thank Mr. Radha Raman (Training incharge HMT Ltd.) for giving me a golden opportunity of industrial, which would enhance my technical knowledge and help me a lot besides some technical skills.

I also thanks my colleagues of their cooperation to learn the various topic through useful discussion in the industrial class.

Preface

First of all I thanked the management of HMT Ltd., India, that during my training . An opportunity was given to me to impart my 4th semester training in his industrial organization and gained knowledge on different topics of tractor.

Content

Sr. No. Name 1. Company profile 2. Foundry 3. Heavy Machine Shop(HMS) 4. Light Machine Shop (LMS) 5. Tool room &Cutting section 6. Internal Transport(Auxiliary) 7. Engine shop/New/E/Shop 8. Engine Assembly & Testing 9. Tractor Assembly 10. Painting Shop

11. Heat- treatment 12. Production planning &Controlling(PPC) 13. Repair & Maintenance 14. Production planning & Tooling(PPT)

Company Profile-: Hindustan Machine Tool(HMT) was founded in 1953 at the Bangalore as a single machine tool factory with the collaboration of “Switzerland Company”.

• In1961-: The second machine tool unit was also set up in this

year at Bangalore in on companies own resources.

• In1963-: In this year 3rd machine tool unit was set up at “Pinjore, Haryana” to produce milling machines. After some time machine too unit were set up at “Kerla and Hyderabad”.

•In 1971-: In this year HMT starts the tractor business in pinjore in technical collaboration with “M/s Motokov, foreign trade cooperation. In beginnings HMT starts the manufacture of 25HP tractor. After few years, it has developed tractors 35HP, 40HP, 50HP, 65HP and 75HP.

• In 1973-: In this year Hyderabad unit begins to manufacture the lamps making machines and lamps.

•In 1988-: In this year HMT took over Praga tools limited. Praga tools limited was established in May,1943.

About Pinjore Unit-: The pinjore unit was established as 3rdmachine tools factory in 1963. “Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru (1st prime minister of India) inaugurated it on Oct 28 , 1963.

(1) Foundry Shop-: In foundry shop we makes the tractor parts by using the wood patterns and aluminum patterns.

• Products of Foundry shop-: Portal, Rear axle housing, Gear Box housing, Main tarnsmission housing, Front weight and all the tractors part.

We makes the gear box housing according to tractor modles- 1. HMT2522 2. HMT3522 3. HMT 4022 4. HMT5022 5. HMT6522 6. HMT7522

There are some sections that we used to make the tractor parts-: (i) Core making section (a) Shell core machine(Germany) L (b) Shell core machine (India) E

(ii) Core filling section (iii) Moulding section (iv) Fettling section (v) Furnace section(1400̊ C-1450̊C)-: (a) Decoring (b) Chipping (c) Shot blasting (for heavy parts) (d) Wheel abrasion(for small parts) (vi) Inspection section

Process-: Core is baked with the help of shell core machine, which has a box containing the rigid coated sand. When we allowed to operate then the sand box moves from down word to up word and the sand falls in die(die is used to according the core required).

(2) Heavy Machine Shop-: Mostly in this shop we makes the heavyparts of the tractor such as “gear box housing” and “main transmission housing” and also some other parts(i.e. break drum cover, front wheel hub etc.).

Types of machine present in HMS-: (i) Radial drilling machine (ii) Horizontal milling machine (iii) Vertical milling machine (iv) Boring machine (v) Threaded machine

(a) Gear box-: Gear box is a part of tractor which is mount between the engine and main transmission housing. In the gear power comes from engine to clutch shaft.

(b) Main transmission housing-: The main transmission housing which transmits the power to the differential cage which comes from the gear box.

The various types of operation carried out on the MT housing and Gear box housing-: (i) Marking (ii) Face milling

(iii) Drilling (iv) Boring (v) Drilling (vi) Finish boring (vii) Tapping (viii) Washing (ix) Inspection

(3)Light Machine Shop-: As name shows all the light parts of tractor such as lay shaft, differential shaft, bevel pinion shaft, differential cages, pivot, forke, sun wheel and star wheel, crown wheel etc.

This is divided in to some sections-: (i) Milling machine section (ii) Gear hobbing machine section (iii) Boring machine section (iv) Gear teeth grinding machine section (v) Gear saving section

(3) Tool room & Cutting Section-: Tool room and cutting section is also a part of “Light Machine Shop”. (i) Tool room-: In the tool room we have learnt about the some kind of machine-: (a) Bench drilling machine (b) Radial drilling machine (c) Cylindrical grinding machine (d) Horizontal milling machine (e) Vertical milling machine

(ii) Cutting Section-: In the cutting section we does the operation on blank jobs .

(4) Internal Transport (Auxiliary)-: Here auxiliary means “help” so this section provide the help to the other shops.  In this section we repair only the lifters machine (i.e. cranes).  • There are 2 types of cranes that we used in the shops(i) Monorail crane- This crane carries the jobs only in the direction of left and right.

(ii) Zip crane

(5) (i)(Engine shop-: In engine shop there are manufacturing of the entire products which are being used in engine assembly and we studied about the operations of these products-

• Products of these shop – Front cover, Rear cover, Cam shaft, Connecting rod, Intermediate gear(IG) pin, Front bearing cap, Rear bearing cap, Center bearing cap, Rear axle housing, Front axle, Tappet valve etc.

(ii)New engine shop-:In new engine shop two main types of part of tractor engine are made one is crank case of two cylinder, three cylinder, four cylinder and second one is cylinder head.

(6) Engine assembly-:The engines of different models are assembled and tested in this shop and in this shop, whole of the engine is completed and ready for the tractor assembly. • There are some steps that involves in engine assembly-: Step1-First of all, the crank housing is washed because so

much operation has done at this housing so the washing is very important. After the washing the crank housing is dried by the air jets

Step 2-: Now the cylinder liner (sleeve) is fitted in crank

housing, on liner we fit the cylinder head.  Step 3-: Now the crank housing is fixed on the trolley then we fit the six gears i.e. (bottom gear, oil gear, top mediator gear, crank shaft gear, cam shaft gear, injection pump drive (IPD) gear) all the six gears are connected with each gear, after that we fixed the front cover and oil sump that contains the oil and there is a breathe pipe which is attached with the top hole of the front cover.

Step 4-: Now in this step we inserted the piston in the cylinder liner and then inserted the crank shaft

after this we joined its big hole to the crank shaft with the nut and bolt. Lubricating gear pumps and oil filter assembled in this step and cam shaft is also inserted in cam shaft hole which is present in the crank housing.  Step 5-: After this fly wheel is fitted on the other end of the crank housing. Inside the fly wheel pressure plate and clutch is assembled with the housing.

Step 6-: Now the cylinder head is fixed on top of the cylinder sleeve and then in cylinder head we put the inlet valve and exhaust valve in inlet valve and exhaust valve holes and also fit the exhaust pipe.

Step 7-: After fixing the cylinder head on the crank housing, rocker arm, tapped and push rods and assembly fitted for opening and closing of valves.  Step 8-: Now the engine is completed after assembled the fuel filter, oil filter, fuel injection pump, tappet valve, push rod, starting motor, dynamo, radiator etc.

(7)Engine Testing-:In this testing we test the mainly engine speed according to applying the load, load capacity and how much time take to burn 100gm. oil.

(8) Tractor assembly-:In this shop we assembled the whole tractor and the test, If there is any fault in parts then we replace the parts there respective shops i.e. (light machine shop and heavy machine shop) etc.  There are sections that we use to assemble the tractors -:

(i) Rear axle housing assembly of direct axle (DX) tractors section (ii) Rear axle housing assembly of floor axle (FX) tractors section (iii) Front axle assembly section (iv) Gear box housing assembly section

(v) Differential assembly section (vi) Main transmission housing assembly section (vii) Mounting of the engine section (ix) Other assemblies

(9) Painting Shop-: In this shop we paints the Mudguards, Fuel tank, Bonnet and Top cover of steering and electric meters. Before doing the paint on the painting parts we do some primary process -: In this operation we use nine tanks-:

(a) Degreasing (hot) tank (b) Rinse tank-1 (c) Derasting (hot) tank (d) Rinse-2 (e) Rinse-3 (f) Activation tank (g) Phosphating tank (h) Rinse-4 (i) Passviation tank

Painting-: (1) We wash the sheet metal with the normal water. (2)Now we send the sheet metal in moisture absorb oven.

(3)Now we remove the dust particles with the air pressure. (4)Now we clean the sheet metal with the help of tack rag or regmall. (5)Now we do the primer surface (coat) on the sheet metal with the help of spray gun. (6) For drying the spray we leave this sheet metal for 10-15 minutes. (7)Then we do the first coat of paint (as we want the colour) with the help of . (8)For drying the first coated paint we send the sheet metal in drying oven at the 145̊ to 150̊ for 45 minutes. (9)Now we use the dry sand to remove the dust particles from the sheet metal.

(10)Then we do the wet sanding (washing) form the normal water on sheet metal. (11) For absorb the moisture we send the sheet metal in the drying oven. (12)After this we remove dust particles from the sheet metal with the help of tack rag. (13)Now we are ready to give the finally paint on the sheet metal, after giving the finally paint, we send the sheet paint in the drying oven for 145̊ to 150̊.

(10) Heat-treatment- -: Heat treatment shop plays a very important role in every industry. In industry all the gears and shafts need to be heat treated to desired strength and increase life of the component. In the heat treatment Shop there are some furnaces that we used are: (a) Annealing (b) Normalizing (c) Quenching (d) Tempering (e) Case hardening (f) Shot blasting

• Major component being heat-treated in the shop:- Bull pin shaft Input shaft Drive shaft Bull gear Bevel gear

(11) Production planning & Controlling-: In this section we makes the plan for any shop and then makes control on that plan and Also keep the maintenance of the shop.

(12) Repair & Maintenance-: In this section we repair that machine whose we used to makes the tractors (i.e. Computer Numeric Control Machines, Electrical Machines, Lathe Machines, Special Purpose Machines and General Purpose Machines).

(13) Production planning& Tooling-:In this section we provide the tools to the operator for doing the operation on the jobs and we keep the maintain of the tools. Also we makes the plan for any shop.

Conclusion

The presentation name “TRACTOR DIVISION” is successfully completed under the guidance of our

instructor Mr. Radha Raman Sir and our group member.