1. S.K.Patel Institute of Management & Computer Studies

2. Subject:- Organization Behaviour Topic:- Factors affecting perception Prepared by:- Name Roll No Katariya Mehul 40 Jivani Dhaval 36 Kukadiya Gunjan 47 Mandavia Dhaval 50 Bhuva Sunil 11 Guided By:- Prof. Jallavi Panchamia Submitted On:- 17th Sep,2013 3. Chapter-5 3 4. Chapter-5 4 5. Chapter-5 5 6. Meaning of Perception Perception may be defined as the process by which an individual selects, organizes and interpret stimuli into a meaningful and coherent picture of the environment in which he lives. The process by which people notice and make sense of information from the environment 7. Factors that influence perception 8. Factors in the perceiver Attitude Evaluative statements or judgments concerning objects, people or value. reflect how we feel about something. 9. Motives It reflects stimuli that cause to perform particular action. states goals, purpose perceived by perceiver from event,situation,etc. 10. Interest State that power the force an attitude has towards manifestation in a persons behaviour. 11. Expectations State that anticipation of a particular behavior from a person . Affects what a person perceives. 12. Eexperience Experience and knowledge serve as basis for perception. While ones successful experience enhance his/her perceptive ability, failure erodes his/her self confidence. Successful experience also helps perceiver understand stimuli with more accuracy. 13. Factors in the situation Time Time perception is a construction of the brain that can also be manipulated and studied through a variety of experiments. What are the factors that affect your perception of how time passes? Level of fatigue Level of Concentration Depression & Happiness 14. Work setting 15. Social setting(How an individual perceives other) Social perception is that part of perception that allows people to understand the other people in their social world. Social perceptions can obviously be flawed - even skilled observers can misperceive, misjudge, and reach the wrong conclusions. Once we form wrong impressions, they are likely to persist. 16. Factors in the target Try this exercise. Look at each umbrella image. Is the message of each image different? If so, what makes the message different? 17. Novelty:- novel or something unique or a peculiar idea is likely to attract anyones attract attention. white person or a black person in India catches attention faster. 18. Motion People gives more attention to moving objects than the stationery objects. Example: Moving object Stationery object 19. Sounds Sound level or noise level is a physical quantity measured with measuring instruments. Loudness is a psycho-physical sensation perceived by the human auditory perception or the human ear/brain mechanism. That is not the same. Furthermore, for speech, music, and many other sounds, the physical characteristics of the sound produce hearing sensations in the listener. TV advertisement, Radio advertisement 20. Size Larger object is more likely to be noticed than a smaller Object. Example: Which you can read fast? God is great God is great 21. background 22. Proximity Proximity or geographical proximity is an important factor for formation of groups. For the same reason an individual behavior may be perceived to be group behavior. 23. But the real is the all ball is not happy but sad. 24. Similarity how items that are similar in some way tend to be grouped together. On similarities and differences in cultural perceptions of the environment. 25. Common shortcuts in judging others Selective perception People selectively interpret what they see on the basis of their interests, background, experience and attitudes. 26. Halo effect Tendency to draw a general impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic. Halo effect is just like 1st impression is Last impression Like people having good quality and dislike those who have bad qualities. People may be judged by their work not by their dress People may be judged by their result not by their attendance 27. Contrast effect Evaluation of a persons characteristic that is affected by comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the same characteristic. 28. Stereotyping Judging someone on the basis of ones perception of The group to which that person belongs. 29. Projection Attributing ones own characteristic to other people