BMT Presentation

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Bibhuti Bhushan Bhardwaj

(CIB-09-016)

&

 Azaz Ahmed

(CIB-09-015)

Presented By-

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Introduction

Shelter

Economical

Orthodox designs

Functionality

Adaptability

Economical

Aesthetic

Safety FirstGreen building

Multipurpose

OLD CONCEPT

MODERN CONCEPT

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Modern building

materials

Modern innovative

technologies

Smart materials

Polymers

Earthquake-pr oof ing

Fire-pr oof ing

Exoskeleton

Ensu

res Structures that are

Fully f unctional

 Aesthetically beautif ulResistant to natural & accidental calamities

Envir onment f riendly

Capable of  soaring towards the sky

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Smart Materials  Also known as

Intelligent materials

 Active materials

 Adaptive materials

Capable of responding 

to changes in the

environment in a useful 

and repetitive manner.

Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs)

Magnetostrictive Materials

Electro Rheological Fluids

Piezoelectric Materials

Carbon Fibre Reinforced Concrete (CFRC)

Smart Concrete

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Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs)

Composed of alloys of Ni ± Ti or C u ± A l ± Z n

Undergo large strains at the end of  the

deformation pr ocess

Great potential to enhance civil engineering

structures

Pre-existing and new applications in the f ields

of  damping, active vibration contr ol and pre-stressing or post-tensioning of  structures

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Magnetostrictive Materials

Capable of changing its shape/ physical dimensions when it is subjected

to a magnetic f ield.

Electro Rheological Fluids

Suspension of extremely f ine non conducting particles

The apparent viscosity of  these f luids changes reversibly by an order of  

up to 100,000 in response to an electric f ield

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P iezoelectric Materials

Pr oduce a voltage in response to an

applied force.

 A change in dimensions can be

induced by the application of  a voltage

to it.

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C arbon Fibre Reinforced C oncrete ( C FR C  )

Conducts electricity

Capacity to change its conductivity with mechanical stress

Durability superior to metals and plastics.

Smart C oncrete

Developed Dr. Deborah, D.L. Chung f r om State University of  New York

Reinforced by carbon f ibre

High sense ability to strain or stress

 Adding short carbon f ibre into concrete, the electrical resistance of  

concrete can be increased.

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Synthetic polystyrene or polyurethane foam

+

used in combination with structural materialsused in combination with structural materials

Light weight

Easily shaped

Excellent insulator.

Used as part of a structural

insulated panel

Foam

Wood/Cement

Foam

Wood/Cement

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Some Modern Technologies:

Sound- P roofing 

Vinyl can be used to stop the transf er of  noise.

Lead Lined Sheetr ock is an excellent noise reducer, but can cost

` 6250-12500 per piece of  sheetr ock

Fire- P 

roofing Earlier, asbestos was used for f irepr oof ing, either on its own, or together with

binders such as cement.

Now a days, Firepr oof ing plasters are used viz.

Gypsum plasters

Cementious plasters

Fibrous plasters

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Earthquake resistance technology 

Earthquakes can collapse buildings and 

other structures

Liquefaction a major challenge

faced by buildings during earthquake

Earthquake Resistant Techniques to

overcome those

1. Base Isolation for Earthquake Resistance

2. Using of Energy Dissipation Devices.

e.g. Dampers

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Case studies

Burj-Khalifa, Dubai

Tallest building in the world (828m)

Costs- ar ound ` 7500 cr ores

 Advanced cladding panels maximize resistance

against heat transmission f r om the sun & thus savingenergy thr ough high per formance ref lective glazing

Highest installation of glass and aluminium f acade

Materials used:

Dow Corning 993 Silicone

Dow Corning 798 Cold & Clean r oom silicone

sealant for sealing the exclusive bathr ooms

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Burj-Al-Arab, Dubai

Dow Corning 993

Dow Corning 984

Dow Corning 785

Dow Corning Q3-3793

T allest hotel in the world (32 1m)

T echnology involved-

Installation of dampers to counter 

effect vortex shedding 

Materials Used

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Taipei 101, Taiwan

Total height is 508m

It costs ar ound ` 350 cr ores.

Technologies involved

Hysteretic Dampers

Velocity Dampers

To overcome-

Typhoon winds

Large potential earthquakes

Weak soil conditions

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Dubai Infinity Tower 

First building on earth having twists of f ull

90 degrees f r om its base to its cr own .

It has a total height of  306.9 metres

 As the perimeter columns ascend f r omstory to story, they lean in or  out, in a

direction perpendicular to the slab edge.

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Comparatively str ong and reliable

For example, steel is more reliable as well as str onger than

ordinary bamb

oo o

r such typeof 

things.

Unlike others they are not enhancing deforestation.

Because of  its durability, its pr oves economical in the long run.

 Advantages of Modern Building Materials

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Disadvantages of Modern Building Materials

High Initial cost

Can not be afforded by developing / underdeveloped

countries

Complex pr ocesses involved in repair / replacement

Can¶t be pr ocured easily ( Unavailability )

High technical staff  required for construction/installation.

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C onclusion

Modern materials have an upper edge over the old conventionalmaterials

But

Complex process involved in their Manufacturing process

High skills required for implementation &

Unavailability 

Chief ly responsible for their low usage in developing countries like

India where locally available resources such as bamboo, thatch,

mud, brick, mortar etc are given more precedence.

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