ìFéG # CFø ¥ Fþ | ;'Ç % §FôFþ ; Ó6ä$Î | ±)XFþ'Ç FÛG · 2019. 9. 20. · 3...

1

No.4 2019年3月

E-mail watanabe@unii.ac.jp

ODA 1992 2003

ODA

1992 ODA2003

ODA ODA

ODA

2

JICA

1.

ODA ——1992 2003 ——

5

1 1

19972002

ODA10

1990 20009.11

1980 ODA

1990

ODA 1997

ODA

ODA

ODA ODA

19921999 2011 1992

2003

2003

3

No.4

2015

21992 2003

3 1992 4 2003

2 5

6

2. 1992 20031992 1991 ODA

ODA

1992

ODA2

1992 1992 6

1980

1990 ODA1998

5

1998b3.1

2 2003 8 ODA

2003

2003 1998 2000

2003

4

JICA

3. 1992 1980 90

1999 2011

19923

3.1

1975 16

1986 1,000

1960 19701980

1980

1982GNP 1%

20101980

3 1986

19851980

19864

1986

1970

ODAODA 1978 2,3321992 9,522 4

1988 ODA123.2

5

1993 2000

3.2

1990 8 22ODA

135

ODA2006 6

Peacekeeping Operations PKO1990

11

2015: 646 PKO2009

19911992 6 19 1992

5

No.4

30PKO

United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia UNTAC 1,200

2010

ODA1990 1980

1992

3.3 1980 90

4 1960ODA

1980

1980

1986

Structural Adjustment Lending SAL ODA

2006

SALSector Adjustment Loan SECAL

Sector Program Loan

SPL2005

1990

1980

1

3.4 1970 80

55ODA

1989 1988

1989

1980

6

JICA

ODA

1988

3.5 ODA

ODA1980

1987

ODA

Japan International Cooperation Agency JICA

Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund OECF

ODA

1989 10 116

ODA7

ODA1989

Hamilton and Gilman 1989 1961Foreign

Assistance Act 1961

United States Agency for International Development USAID

1961

JICAODA

ODAODA

8

ODA

1980

7

No.4

3.6 1970 80

ODA1980

1980ODA ODA

1992

19701990

1992Brandt

and Sampson 1980 9

1970

1980ODA

1989 1981 5 8

ODA

1982 1989 10

1981Pearson 1969

1980 ODA ODA

3.7 ODA4

1991 4ODA 4 8

19912

1990

2004ODA

1980 ODA

4

1980

1992 61992

4 1992

8

JICA

44

1990 7

11 1990 84

29 10

2 9 1440 11

1991 124 90

4 ODA41980

4 12

4

4

41970

4 1992

Shimomura 2016

1992135

1992

4. 2003 2000

4.1

1994

9

No.4

13 1980

1980

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GATT

1994 1992

World Trade Organization WTO 19951999

14

2002Economic Partnership Agreement EPA

1 11EPA 2003

4.3

4.2 DAC

1990

19902000

Millennium Development Goals MDGs

MDGs 1996

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD

Development Assistance Committee DAC21

Shaping the 21st Century The Contribution & Development Co-operation

DAC-OECD 1996 15

MDGs

2015

DAC

20031990

1990

DAC

10

JICA

1992

DAC

ODA

DACMDGs

2003

4.3 9.11 G.W.

2001 9.11 G.W.Bush 2001

MDGs2002 2006

G7/G88 9

19902000

1997 ODA

Sunaga

2004 1

ODA

4.4

2003

5

2 31995

1970 1970 80

1981 1993

GATT/WTO

1993

20101980

19974 11

11

No.4

1998 1980

19902000

2002 1997 6ODA

ODA 7 31988 1993

2001

2001 4

267 9.11

9.11 210

2002

1990

4.5 ODA

ODA1997 ODA

4 21

ODA ODA1998 1

1998a 1999

1996 DACMDGs

16 1999

2000 17 2001 5 1 ODA

2 ODA3 2002

18 6ODA

ODAODA 12

ODA

ODA 2003

1998 7 2000 4ODA

2003

2000 2011 2006 1997

12

JICA

1998 121988

1999 35

2003

4.6

20032002 7

ODA2002 ODA

ODA

ASEAN

Sunaga 2004 ODAODA

ODAODA

ODA

9.11 G.W.

ODA

2002 12 ODA19

ODAODA

ODA2005 Sunaga ODA

ODAODA 2000

20 ODA

ODA 32001 2003a

2003b 2001 10 ODA2001

2003 4 ODAODA

ODA

ODA

13

No.4

2003a

ODA2000

1996100%1999 96.4%

86 67% 9929%

24% 57% OECD 9%14%

ODASunaga 2004

EU EU

EU

982003 Special Terms for Economic Partnership STEP

4

11 19991 5,412 16 2004

1 606 40%

ODA

ODA

ODASunaga 1993 1994

Free Trade Agreement FTA

FTA2002 EPA

ODA

21

2003

Non-Governmental Organisations NGOSunaga

ODA

NGO

ODANGO ODA

ODA

Shimomura 2016

1992

14

JICA

ODA

2000 2003 ODA

12 2003 8 252003

2

19922003

2004

5. 1992 2003 1990

2000

9.11

ODA1980 90

1990 2000ODA

ODA

5.1

1992 2003

1999 1992

ODA

ODA

ODA

3

6

1992

20031997 ODA 2003

1997 73% 2009 58%ODA

4 ODA2001

1993

ODAODA

15

No.4

22 Shimomura 2016 2003NGO

ODA

ODA1992

2000NGO

ODA1990 2000

ODA

ODA 16NGO

2 ODA

5.2

ODA4 19921990 23 2016

1991 2000 18

19921998

20032000

3 20032008

2009

ODA4 1992

ODA

24

Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons NPT

Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty CTBT 2001

4

4 1992ODA

19904

1992

2000

4

The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for refugees UNHCR 2000

Human Rights

16

JICA

Watch 201025

NPT CTBT1990

ODI 1992 Crawford 1997 1990

26 ODA4 1992

27

5.3

2003

1992

ODA

ODA

19806 7%

19874% 2

19891990

1992

19901993

1994

2003 11

6

Japan PassingPosen 1998: 136

ODA2003

1992ODA

ODA

1992

17

No.4

4

1980 1992ODA

28 1992

6.

ODA 1992 2003

ODA

ODA

ODA

ODA

4

1990

ODA

1970

ODA1992

2003 9.11

ODA

ODA

29 9.11

ODA

2015

18

JICA

1 2001 2004 ODA

2001/4 2006/9 2

TICAD 1993 1

3 1984

19831984

MOSS1985 1849

19861986

4 1978 22.21980 28.4 33

2 1981 19851970 3 1985

1992 4001987 2 1988 4

1988 92 5001987 11

5 ODA

1988 34

1992

5 OECDOECD.Stats https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx

1989 0.01% 691991

102003

OECD1988 1993 2000 6

19913 11

2018 13510 20

Too Little, Too Late1991 90

5

130 135

2012 2017 7 &

8 23 2012

ODA

ODA

9

10 1978

1989 1985 1986 278

1985

11 Association of South-East Asian Nations ASEAN

1979 ODA1980

2005

19888,100

1989 6

19

No.4

Jameson 1990 12 4

13

Burnside and Dollar (2000)

Burnside and Dollar 1997

14 WTO 2001

15 1996 16 ODA 1999

Japan Bank for International Cooperation JBICOECF

2000 ODA

17 1990

2000 18

1998 11

2010 ODA

ODA

ODASunaga 2004

19 ODA ODA2002

20 2003

2003 7 ODA

ODA

ODA

21

EPA

22 2003ODA

12003 ODA

23 1980

24 1991

Los Angeles Times 1991 25 Anderson (1999)

20

JICA

26

Crawford 1997 27

ODA 1992 1.2%1997 0.45 2016 0.057%

OECD.Stats 28

29 2000

Brautigam 2010 1980

21

No.4

JICA

2015 27

2000

13 7 2000 6

20103 233-282

2013

2005 ODA

468 1-10

198812 2

http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/press/enzetsu/10/eos_1202.html 2018 1 3

1981

1982 5726 1985 60

29 1988

63 32 1991

3 35

1996 DAC 21

https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/shiryo/hakusyo/02_hakusho/ODA2002/html/siryo/sr5200000.htm 2019 3 19

1998a 21 ODA1998 1

https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/seisaku/kondankai/sei_1_9.html 2018 1 3

1998b

1997 109

2000 VI

1999 12 10

2002 2 ODA14 3 29

2003 ODA 1215 8 25

http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/seisaku/kondankai/senryaku/12_gijiroku.html 2017

11 20 2004 ODA 50

2005

2010 22

11 http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/seisaku/enjyo/index.html 2018 1 3

2012 23 ODA

https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/files/000073021.pdf 2018 1 10

1989

25 13-34

22

JICA

2011 No.673 5-14

2003ODA

25http://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/itdb_kenpou.nsf/html/kenpou/chosa/shukenshi025.pdf/$File/shukenshi025.pdf 2018 8 19

19864 7

http://www.esri.go.jp/jp/prj/sbubble/data_history/5/makuro_kei01_1.pdf 2017 10 21

2006

183 207-222

2011 19 2016

60

2016 10 14 1999 ODA

2002 ODA

7 2521

14 11 28 https://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/kakugikettei/2002/1128tf.html

2006 20

6 1 85-101 1986

1985 T. 1989

Yasutomo, D.T. 1986. The Manner of Giving: Strategic Aid

and Japanese Foreign Policy. Lanhum, Maryland: Lexington Books,

1980

2018 3

24 https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGKKZO28486120T20C18A3TM1000/ 2018 8 19

1999

1999 2001 ODA

10 16 2003a ODA

4 22

2003b8 7

2005

1 7

2003 OECD DAC

www.devforum.jp/archives/articles/backnumber/dac.doc 2018 1 3

2004 ODA :

3(03) 2017

Newsweek 7 28 https://www.newsweekjapan.jp/hosaka/2017/07/post-12.php 2018 8 19

2012 PHP

2006 ODA ODA256

23

No.4

2010

19803 191-232

2009

Anderson, M. B. 1999. Do No Harm: How Aid Can Support Peace--Or War, Lynne Rienner Publishers.

Brandt, W. and Sampson, A. 1980. North-South: a programme for survival: the report of the Independent Commission on International Development Issues. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Brautigam, D. 2010. The Dragon's Gift: The Real Story of China in Africa. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Burnside, A. C., and Dollar, D. 2000. ”Aid, Policies, and Growth”. American Economic Review. 90(4). September: pp.847-868.

Bush, G. W. 2001. “Address to a Joint Session of Congress and the American People”, September 20, United States Capitol, Washington, D.C. https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/20010920-8.html 2019 3 18 .

Crawford, G. 1997. “Foreign Aid and Political Conditionality: Issues of Effectiveness and Consistency”. Democratization. (4). pp.69-108.

Hamilton, L. H. and Gilman, B. A. 1989. Report of the Task Force on Foreign Assistance to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, U.S. House of Representatives. February, Washington: U.S. G.P.O.

Human Rights Watch. 2010. Development without Freedom: How Aid Underwrites Repression in Ethiopia. New York, NY: Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/report/2010/10/19/development-without-freedom/how-aid-underwrites-

repression-ethiopia# 2018 8 30 . Jameson, S. 1990. “Japan May Go Its Own Way on

Economic Aid to China: Sanctions: Tokyo argues that Beijing should not be isolated from the world community. Kaifu will see Bush on Saturday”. Los Angeles Times, July 6.

Los Angeles Times. 1991. “When Cash Alone Won't Carry: Japan's Kaifu proposes significant departure from checkbook diplomacy”. Los Angeles Times, April 28.

ODA 2002ODA

14 10 29

http://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/seisaku/kondankai/senryaku/4_shiryo/shiryo_5.html 2017 12 28

Overseas Development Institute (ODI). 1992. Aid and Political Reform. Briefing Paper, January. https://www.odi.org/sites/odi.org.uk/files/odi-assets/publications-opinion-files/6774.pdf 2018 8 31 .

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). 2010. Development Assistance Committee (DAC) Peer Review of JAPAN . https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/gaiko/oda/files/000071575.pdf 2017 11 20 .

Pearson, L.B. 1969. Partners in Development: Report of the Commission on International Development. London: Pall Mall Press.

Posen, A. S. 1998. Restoring Japan's Economic Growth. Washington, D.C.: Peterson Institute.

Shimomura. Y. 2016. “The Political Economy of Japan’s Aid Policy Trajectory: With Particular Reference to the Changes and Continuity under the ODA Charter”. In Japan’s Development Assistance: Foreign Aid and the Post-2015 Agenda, eds. Shimomura, Y., P. John, and H. Kato. pp.72-87. London, UK: Palgrave

24

JICA

Macmillan. Sunaga, K. 2004. The reshaping of Japan's official

development assistance (ODA) Charter, FASID Discussion Paper on Development Assistance. No.3. November.

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). 2000. The State of The World’s Refugees 2000: Fifty Years of Humanitarian Action. Geneva: UNHCR.

25

No.4

1992 ODA 2003 ODA

1.

BHN

2. (1) (2)

(3)

(4)

1.

ODA 2. (1) (2) (3)

(4) (5)

1976, 1995, 2004, 2009, 2013

ODA 1992, 2003, 2015

1996, 2001, 2012, 2017( )

1997, 2001, 2005, 2009, 2013, 2017

1998, 2002

2001, 2005

2001

2001

2002

2002

2004, 2015

2007, 2012, 2017

2010

2012

2014

26

JICA

3. (1) (2) BHN

4.

NGO

5. (1) ODA

(2)

3. (1) (2) (3)

(4) 4.

=ODA

--

ODA

ODA

PKO

1999

27

No.4

1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 1990s

10 BHN

5%

MDGS PRSP

NIEO

ASEAN WTO

9.11WTO

ODA

ODA ODA

ODA

ODA

96DAC NEPAD

2002 97

2000 9.11

ODA ODA ODA

MDGs PRSP TICAD STEP

2001

JBIC

ODA

PKO

28

JICA

1982/11

1987/11

1989/6

1989/8

1991/11

1993/8

1994/4

1994/6

1996/1 / 2

1998/7 / 2

2000/4

2001/4-2006/9 / 2003/11

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

60 65 70 73 75 80 85 90 95 00 05 08 10

9.

11

ODA 2012International Development Statistics (OECD), World Developmement Indicator (World Bank)

29

No.4

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

% %

+ %

-60000

-50000

-40000

-30000

-20000

-10000

0

10000

81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03

30

JICA

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005