School Education and E-learning 學校教育與電子學習

School Education and E-learning學校教育與電子學習

Dr. Kong Siu Cheung江紹祥博士

Department of Mathematics and Information TechnologyThe Hong Kong Institute of Education

What is e-Learning?

Distant learning: e-Leaning is unique and represents a new era of distance education which is facilitated on-line through network technologies (Garrison & Anderson, 2003)

Professional training: e-Learning transforms traditional time/place/content predetermined learning into a just-in-time/at work-place/customized/on-demand process of learning (Maurer & Sapper, 2001).

A More Recent View

According to Abrami, Bernard, Wade, Schmid, Borokhovski, Tamim, Surkes, Lowerison, Zhang, Nicolaidou, Newman, Wozney & Peretiatkowicz (2006),

e-Learning generally refers to the application of computer technologies to education, consisting the ones occurring in face-to-face classrooms, in blended and hybrid courses, in mediated distance education contexts and in online learning environments.

Our View of e-Learning

Using digital technology to facilitate learning

E-Learning affects learning and teaching fundamentally in two aspects:

1) e-resources

2) e-communication

Generate a new learning environment

E-Learning environment: Two key elements

e-book

http://libref.hkpl.gov.hk/tc_chi/loginVistaEbook.html (login with public library card)

Open courseware http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/

Digitized resources: Museum websites

http://www.npm.gov.tw/zh-tw/

Digital resources: Curriculum content

http://resources.hkedcity.net/

Digital resources: Cognitive tools

http://www.nctm.org/resources/

Open digital resources related to curriculum content

http://life.mingpao.com/

Augmented reality

Augmented reality (AR) is a term for a live direct or indirect view of a physical real-whose elements are augmented world environment by virtual computer generated sensory input such as sound or graphics.

Wikitude World Browser on the iphone 3GS uses GPS and a solid state compass

Second life

http://secondlife.com/

Second Life (SL) is a virtual world developed by Linden lab launched on June 23, 2003, and is accessible on the Internet. A free client program called the Viewer enables its users, called residents, to interact with each other through avatars. Residents can explore, meet other residents, socialize, participate in individual and group activities, and create and trade virtual property and services with one another, or travel throughout the world.

Google document for knowledge co-construction

Wikipedia for knowledge sharing A free, web-based, collaborative, multilingual

encyclopedia project supported by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation. Its 17 million articles have been written collaboratively by volunteers around the world, and almost all of its articles can be edited by anyone with access to the site.

Web search engines for knowledge acquisition

e-Resources

Any digital resources that are “actually used by teachers and learners for the purpose of learning” (CERI, 2009, p.11)

e.g. websites for learning English as a second language; e-encyclopedia; e-Learning platform, etc.

Flexibility of school education with the introduction of e-resources

augmented reality(AG) second life(SL)

Wikipedia digitalized resources from pubic agencies

web search engines Google document open digital resource related to curriculum learning

cognitive tools open courseware

e-textbook

Mobile and Portable devices

Learning Management System : Moodle & Mahara

http://moodle.org/

http://mahara.org/

Learning Management System : Fronter

http://com.fronter.info/

Social networking tools: MSN, blog &Facebook

e-Communication

Communication within the context of technology features

e.g. wiki, msn, facebook, etc.

Flexibility of school education with the introduction of e-communication

Social networking tools: MSN, blog & Facebook Learning Management System (LMS): Moodle , Mahara & Fronter

real-time mobility and portability: tablet, netbook, ipad & iphone

technology enriched classroom

A new ecology in school education

e-Learning environment

e-Resources

e-Communication

Structured for learning

Not structured

for learning

Physically together

Not physically together

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Pedagogical Opportunities

E-learning may fit into a spectrum of instructional approaches, varying from traditional to innovative, which may greatly increase learning possibility as well as flexibility.

In e-learning environment, learning happens both individually and collectively across different contexts, being in school and after-school, formal and informal.

e-Learning environment

e-Resources

e-Communication

Structured for learning

Not structured

for learning

Physically together

Not physically together

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Meaning MakingMediationClassroom based dialogue

e-Resources: Structured for Learning Not Sensitive to Temporal Factor

e-Learning environment

e-Resources

e-Communication

Structured for learning

Not structured

for learning

Physically together

Not physically together

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Synchronous

Asynchronous

e-Resources: Structured for Learning Sensitive to Temporal Factor

Authentic learning Subjects like Liberal Study need updated teaching and learning materials

Ming Pao has established a website (life.mingpoo.com) to provide liberal study materials

e-Learning environment

e-Resources

e-Communication

Structured for learning

Not structured

for learning

Physically together

Not physically together

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Synchronous

Asynchronous

e-Resources: Not Structured for Learning Not Sensitive to Temporal Factor

Guided exploratory learning

Exploratory learning

Self-regulated learning

Authentic learning

Project based learning

Collaborative learning

Expert-based course

點擊螢幕並持續按住滑鼠右鍵，隨意拖拽箭頭以遊覽虛擬博物館

參觀一個觀賞點後，可點擊其他數字遊覽其他觀賞點

點擊“ more”以進一步放大圖片，及展示展品資料

e-Learning environment

e-Resources

e-Communication

Structured for learning

Not structured

for learning

Physically together

Not physically together

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Synchronous

Asynchronous

e-Resources: Not Structured for Learning Sensitive to Temporal Factor

Guided exploratory learning

Exploratory learning

Self-regulated learning

Authentic learning

Project based learning

Collaborative learning

Weather Vocabulary

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8wKoRdQ_JN8&feature=related

The weather song

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Ja4j4ltnRw

e-Learning environment

e-Resources

e-Communication

Structured for learning

Not structured

for learning

Physically together

Not physically together

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Synchronous

Asynchronous

e-Communication: Physically-togetherSynchronous

more efficiency, more productivity i.e. teachers broadcast and send files to students, using mobile devices

e-Learning environment

e-Resources

e-Communication

Structured for learning

Not structured

for learning

Physically together

Not physically together

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Synchronous

Asynchronous

e-Communication: Physically-togetherAsynchronous

Self-regulated learning using one-to-one computing devicesCollaborative learning using two/three/four-to-one computing devices

e-Learning environment

e-Resources

e-Communication

Structured for learning

Not structured

for learning

Physically together

Not physically together

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Synchronous

Asynchronous

e-Communication: Not Physically-together and Synchronous

Self-paced learning Collaborative learningDelivery of on-line lessons from experts of the subject domain takes care of learning differences, i.e. distance education: students register online courses themselves

e-Learning environment

e-Resources

e-Communication

Structured for learning

Not structured

for learning

Physically together

Not physically together

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Not sensitive to temporal factor

Sensitive to temporal factor

Synchronous

Asynchronous

Synchronous

Asynchronous

e-Communication: Not Physically-together and Asynchronous

Self-paced learning

Collaborative learning

Deep Learning

21st century educational goal

Life-long learning orientation

emphasizes the development of higher order thinking skills, which refer to complex judgmental skills such as Analysis Evaluation Synthesis Critical thinking Problem solving

21st century educational goal(cont.)

Connectedness orientation

emphasizes that students

collaborate with /

learn from peers and experts

Temporal Factor

Spatial Factor

Synchronize

Not Physically Together Physically Together

Online resources/ Expert

Online resources/ Expert

E-learning platform

E-learning platform

Mass Lectures

Extended

Learning

Classroom

E

-learning

Online resources/ Expert

Online resources/ Expert

Asynchronous

Small group/ individual

Role of teachers

Curriculum planner

Facilitator

Mentor Induce learning Induce collaboration with peers

Role of teachers (cont. )

Information literacy (IL) educator

21st century skills educator

Challenges

Visionary leadership

Paradigm shift in learning and teaching

Effective ways of assessing 21st century learning skills

School Education and E-learning學校教育與電子學習

Thank You for Your Attention!

Dr. KONG Siu Cheung江紹祥博士

Department of Mathematics and Information Technology

The Hong Kong Institute of Education