Film history mo-zi to grifith

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Film history mo-zi to grifith the starting history of photography camera to lumiere brothers

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FILM History

Aristotle to Griffith

Hazim. M.M.

Persistence of Vision

• The ability of the brain to retain an image a split second longer than the eye actually sees it.

• If we see 16 individual images in rapid succession the brain connects them to make a fluid sequence of movement.

Three Ways to Look atFilm History

ArtBUSINESSTECHNOLOGY

INVENTERS

Early film is a result of inventors, not artists.

They focused new technologies

and inventions, not focused art.

MO-ZI (5th Century BC)

Chinese Philosopher

He called blackroom with sunlight as collecting

place" or the "locked treasure room."

Aristotle(BC 320) Greece

He find out the camera principle.

When he sit his hut he findout the images fall on the floor as reversed direction.

Alhazen (AD 965) Ira

Alhazen (AD 965)

AstronomerFather of Modern OpticsHe invented Camera Obscura and

Pinhole CameraHe explained the functions of eye.He explained the secrets of eye and

sun light.He firstly explained the importance of

shadows. He noted all his findings on “Book of

Optics”

Alhazen (AD 965)

• Camera Obscura – Dark Vaulted Room

Alhazen (AD 965)

• Pinhole Camera

• A light tightened small box with lens

Anjelo sala (AD 1614)

He was an Italian physician and chemist.

when he work with medicinal plant he findout while sunlight fall on silver solution it will changed as black solution.

His invention later developed and reached make film through silver bromide.

Deutch Science Fiction Novelist Fiyantri Tifiyaane Rosche explained his science fiction “Jifantri”(1760) about the basic idea of Photography

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”അനു�കാരി�ക്കു�ന്‍സ�ദ്ധ്യ�മുല്ലാം .

John Hentric Shoels, a German scientist Invented , when sunlight fall on the solution it will be blackened. The solution was Silver Chloride.

It paved way for development of Film technology through the solution Silver Bromide.

Joseph Nicéphore Niépce (1826) France

The 1st Photograph (1826)

In his film he used puetal plate upon silver solution.

No one know about Silver Bromide. Took the image of roof of his home. Under direct sunlight continuously 8 hour he

opened his camera shutter to took this image.

Daguerre (France)

• 1839 - Louis Daguerre created clear, sharp images on silver copperplate.

• Required 15 minutes exposure time.

• 1841 - Only 3 minutes needed for exposure.

ZOETROPE

• Circular drumwith slits.

• allows momentsof darkness.

• creates illusionof movement.

• 1834 by William Horner.

Experimentation

• Was going on in many countriesat the same time.

• France, Germany, England, and the U.S. all claim to have inventedthe movies.

“You Press the Button,We do the rest”

In 1888, George Eastman(USA) invented dry, transparent and flexible, photographic film. He also invented the Kodak cameras that could be use the new film ‘Celluloid’. George Eastman was an avid photographer and became the founder of the Eastman Kodak company.

Eadweard Muybridge (1878) France

Thanks to Leelant stanford (California Governor-1873) and John.D.Isaac (Automatic Electromagnetic Shutter)

Eadweard Muybridge’s Zoopraxiscope (1878)

It encouraged

Thomas Alva Edison

Eadweard Muybridge (1878)

We can considered it is the first motion picture.

Muybridge has no interest to exhibits this image to public. So it doesn't included the history of film.

But it encouraged many people. It shows “our daily life has many

secrets. If we have a video camera we can prove it”….“Camera angle reveals a

moments secrets of nature”

Sergei Eisenstein Comment on Zoopraxiscope

Edison’s Magic

"I am experimenting upon an instrument which does for the eye what the phonograph does for the ear, which is the recording and reproduction of things in motion ...." Thomas A. Edison, 1888

Kinetoscope

Kinetoscope

Coin operated box that would show amusing films

1st copyrighted film April 14, 1894 - “The Sneeze”

Opposed to showing movies on a screen - felt that you would lose money

Lumière Brothers

Born in Bisango, France. Father was a photographer.

Auguste and Louis Lumière (France)

Louis: TechnologyAugustie: World developments and marketing Ideas

Films: Train at lacitat

Workers leaving the

factory Horse track riders Fishing for gold fish The gardner Blacksmith Bathing in the sea

World 1st Premiere Show

1895 December 28 @ Grand café Theatre, Paris.

It was world First Motion Picture Ticket Show.

1895 March 19 exhibits the film experimentally.

Their device combining Camera with Printer and Projector called it “CINEMATOGRAPHE”

Georges Melies (1861 – 1938)

• French Theatre Magician

• First to use the fade-in/out and dissolve

• Made over 500 films• “A Trip to the Moon”

(1902) most famous• His style became

outdated and he soon became bankrupt

Meanwhile – Back in the USA

• Edison Creates the MPPC (Motion Picture Patents Company) which corners the market on cameras, projectors, and production companies - enforced with armed henchmen who bullied independent film makers.

• Independents move to Southern CA to avoid conflict.

• Audiences flock to the Nickelodeons (due to the 5 cent admission price) Low cost appealed to the working class

• Soon became appealing to the middle and upper classes through the works of Edwin Porter. His Epic “The Great Train Robbery” was an astounding 12 minutes long and introduced the concept of a “story-driven” movie

The Great Train Robbery (1903)

• First Western• First to use editing

as a storytelling technique

• One of the first to use panning and close-ups

• Moved from documentary to narrative

• Based on a true robbery by Butch Cassidy

Nickelodeon Era (1905-1915)

• Nickelodeon attendance exceeds 2 million in over 10,000 movie houses .

• Carl Laemmle creates the Independent Motion Picture Company (IMP) separate from MPPC.

• Censorship begins in Chicago and NYC.• William Fox and company successfully break

MPPC’s control with Federal Anti-Trust suit.• MPPC’s decline also due to audience’s growing

desire for multireel films (features) signaling the end of the nickelodeon.

• Movies of any significance made in France, until Griffith’s Birth of a Nation(1915) changes everything.

HOLLYWOOD

Many freelance workers cant take film in Newyork. Because Edison’s MPPC.

So they search new place to take films.

Film preservation also face a big issue.Cool climate and natural landscapes

welcomed film workers to Hollywood (California)

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