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The presentation contain some information about beginnings and development of future soldier's concepts.
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THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Warszawa 21.09.2012
THE 21st CENTURY SOLDIERTHE 21st CENTURY SOLDIER
mjr mgr Dariusz BECMER
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
1.1. The Beginnings.The Beginnings.
2.2. The determinants of changes in soldier’s The determinants of changes in soldier’s equipment.equipment.
3.3. Soldier concept of selected NATO member Soldier concept of selected NATO member country.country.
4.4. Summary.Summary.
The 21st Century SoldierThe 21st Century Soldier
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
1984 – 1984 – British Army Equipment Exhibition in Aldershot:British Army Equipment Exhibition in Aldershot:
Combat suit – made from breathable fabric protecting against environment (and CBR) with electrical warming system;
Boots – protect against small mines;
Weapon:– light machine gun with grenade
launcher;– two small rocket launchers
(at backpack);
Helmet – equipped with laser rangefinder, image intensifier, camcorder and display;
Assumptions:Assumptions:
The 21st Century Soldier - beginningsThe 21st Century Soldier - beginnings
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
1990 – Department of US Army created projekt SIPE (Soldier
Integrated Protective Ensemble). This is one of elements
SMP (Soldier Modernization Plan).
The 21st Century Soldier - beginningsThe 21st Century Soldier - beginnings
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
The SIPE system was composed of the following
subsystems and components::
Integrated headgear subsystem - IHS – helmet with
display (HMD-helmet mounted display), which had
connection with the thermal sight on the weapon;
earphones; mikrophone; the HMD and communications of
the IHS were controlled by the helmet control unit
(HCU).
Advanced clothing subsystem - ACS – clothing with the
microclimate conditioning, the load bearing component
(LBC), which replaced backpack; the ballistic protective
vest;
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Weapon subsystem - WSS – M16A2, with prototype of
the thermal sight, laser aiming light, long range hearing
device;
Microclimate conditioning subsystem - MCC –
consisted of blower providing cool air through Active
Cooling Vest (ACV) to upper parts of body;
Individual soldier computer –carried in the LBC; provided
the soldier ability to use GPS, digital mapping for
navigation, position location and route planning, had
connection with video- and thermal-camera.
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
NEW APPROACH:
The soldier equipment is not treated,
as a certain amount of autonomous elements, but
as The ENTIRETY – one SYSTEM.
1994 – 14 NATO member countries signed treaty and created LG/WG/3 (Land Group 3/Working Group 3).
Group LG/WG/3 had distinguished five basic elements of the soldier system.
The 21st Century Soldier - beginningsThe 21st Century Soldier - beginnings
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
C4IC4I::(command, control, (command, control,
comunication, comunication, computer, computer,
information)information)
LETHALITYLETHALITY(uniform, (uniform,
camouflage, camouflage, ballistic protection) ballistic protection)
MOBILITYMOBILITY(navigation, size (navigation, size
and weigth of and weigth of equipment)equipment)
FIRE FIRE EFFECTIVNESS:EFFECTIVNESS:(development of (development of
weapon and sights)weapon and sights)
LOGISTICLOGISTIC(maintenance, (maintenance, feeding, power feeding, power
supply)supply)
The 21st Century Soldier concept The 21st Century Soldier concept - elements:- elements:
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
2000 – LG3/WG3 was changed in topical group NAATG TG/1 SSI
(NATO Army Armaments Group, Topical Group I, Soldier System
Interoperability).
Tasks:
• creation of conditions to interoperability national systems;
• to determine the level, at which interoperability is real;
• simplification of information exchange between different projects through
creation data base;
• standardization procedures of tests and assessments of soldier equipment;
• implementation STANAGs to provide appropriate level of standardization;
• searching possibilities to adjust certain subsystems or components in different
projects.
The 21st Century Soldier - beginningsThe 21st Century Soldier - beginnings
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
2003 – 2003 – creation Soldier Systems Standarization Industrial Working Group.
Main task: Main task:
to raise level of standardization
of systems implemented by NATO member countries.
The 21st Century Soldier - beginningsThe 21st Century Soldier - beginnings
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Determinants of Determinants of changeschanges
in soldiers in soldiers equipmentequipment
The 21st Century SoldierThe 21st Century Soldier
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Determinants of changes Determinants of changes
• breakdown bipolar world and appearance of new threats (terrorism, proliferation of mass destruction weapon, international crime, migration without control, economic crises, religion and ethnic conflicts, ecologic and elemental disasters, big scale catastrophes and technical failures)
• changes of modern battlefield (asymmetric operations; acceptable losses’ level, operations mainly in urban terain);
• development of information and communication technology;
• creation concept of Network Centric Warfare;• the new rule armed forces – wilder spectrum of
operations.
The 21st Century SoldierThe 21st Century Soldier
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
US Joint Vision 2020
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
• large scale combat operation;• peace support operation (conflict prevention, peace
enforcement, peacebuilding, peacemaking, peacekeeping);
• humanitarian operation;• counterterrorism and counterinsurgency;• counterdrug;• show of force/ raid/ strike;• nation assistance;• protection of shipping;• civil authorities support.
Range of military operationRange of military operation
The 21st Century SoldierThe 21st Century Soldier
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Soldier concept of selected Soldier concept of selected NATO member countryNATO member country
The 21st Century SoldierThe 21st Century Soldier
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
The 21st Century SoldierThe 21st Century SoldierLand WarriorLand Warrior
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Helmet Subsystem - HSS
A – eyepiece bolted to the helmet acts as a
full-color computer interface;
B – mikrophon;
C – over-the-ear headphones;
Soldier Control Unit -SCU
D – a computer "mouse"; used to toggle
among screens in the eyepiece
Weapon Subsystem - WSS
rifle 5,56 mm M-4
E – A laser rangefinder;
F – thermal sight;
G – videodigital camera.
Land Warrior – Stryker Interoperable
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Computer Subsystem - CSS
I – a computer runing the system;
Navigation Subsystem - NSS)
J – GPS to create maps, DRM (Dead
Reckoning Module);
CommsNet Radio Subsystem - CNRS
K – a multiband radio (K) for voice and
data communication;
Power Source Subsystem - PSS
H – a 12-hour lithium-ion battery pack
to power Land Warrior.
Land Warrior – Stryker Interoperable
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
1) Land Warrior's boot screen;
2) Location of friendly troops
represented by blue icons on digital
maps;
Land Warrior – Stryker InteroperableWhat a soldier can see in helmet mounted display?What a soldier can see in helmet mounted display?
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
3) A drop-down menu (3) — here,
superimposed over a daytime video
feed from the rifle's camera;
4) A menu provides mission updates
and text-messaging capability;
Land Warrior – Stryker InteroperableWhat a soldier can see in helmet mounted display?What a soldier can see in helmet mounted display?
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
5) and 6) The weapon's thermal sight
allows soldiers to scout terrain and
potential targets at any time of day—
or night.
Land Warrior – Stryker InteroperableWhat a soldier can see in helmet mounted display?What a soldier can see in helmet mounted display?
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Land Warrior – Stryker Interoperable
What a soldier can see in helmet mounted display?What a soldier can see in helmet mounted display?
A digital sight lets soldiers aim at enemies without exposing themselves to danger.
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Personal Area Network (PAN) consist of: • SCU (soldier control unit)• computer, • radio,• electronic and electrooptical devices mounted on weapon and helmet.• wires.
Future XXI Battle Command
Battalion/Brigade and Below (FBCB2) -
US Network Centric system
Stryker Interoperable Vehicle Kit,
SCU
Personal Network
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
•Headgear Subsystem
•Combat Uniform Subsystem
•Weapon Subsystem
•Warfighter Physiological Status
Monitor Subsystem
•Microclimate Conditioning
Subsystem
•Power Subsystem
liquid body armour – many pockets in the uniform’s fabric being filled with
magnetorheological fluid, which consists of small iron particles
suspended in silicon oil
egzoskeleton – made from light composite elements mounted to
soldier’s legs and arms (thank to this solution increase overall lifting ability by
25 to 35 percent)
Future Force Warrior
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Future Force Warrior
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Other programmes:1993 - FELIN (Fantassin a Equipement et Liaisons Integrees) - France. 1994 - FIST (Future Integrated Soldier Technology ) – Great Britain1995 - IdZ - Infanterist der Zukunft. - German1995 - Land 125/Wundurra - Australia, 1999 - Soldato Futuro – Italy; 1999 - Combatiente Futuro - Spain.
Canada (Soldier Information REQuirements Technology Demonstration, SIREQ-TD, Integrated Protectiwe Clothing and Eąuipment, IPCE), Singapur (Adwanced Manworn Combat System, AMCS), Nederlands (Dutch Digitised Soldier System, D2S2), Norway (NORwegian Modular Arctic Network Soldier, NORMANS), Sweden (MARKstrids Utrustad Soldat. MARCUS), Belgium (Combat Clothing and Equipment), Egypt (Egyptian Integrated Soldier System, IESS), Izrael (ACOG), RPA (African Warrior), and many others
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Other programmes:
In Poland:
2007 – creation initial operational requirements by General
Staff for Advanced Individual Combat System called
TYTAN, (confirmed in September 2006 by polish MoD);
8 November 2010 – end of formulating assumption to project
ISW TYTAN.
11 –composite helmet;
2 2 – the ballistic protective vest (Maskpol);
3 3 – uniform made from non-flammable fabric;
44 – night or thermal vision device (Bumar Group);
5 5 – elektrooptical sights (Bumar Group);
The elements of ISW Tytan:
6 6 – armheld control panel (WB Electronics);
7 7 – radio (WB Electronics, Radmor);
8 8 – CPU cooperated with BMS (Battlefield Management System) (WB Electronics);
9 9 – new gas mask, better adjusted to use weapon and sights.
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
The purpose:The purpose:
• to provide soldier situational awareness (knowledge about area of responsibility, and location, activities and intentions of enemy as well as our forces) in full spectrum operation;
•to enhance soldier combat capabilities and effectiveness;
•to provide the highest level protection against both enemy’s operations and environment.
The 21st Century Soldier concept The 21st Century Soldier concept - SUMMARY:- SUMMARY:
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
The 21st Century Soldier concept The 21st Century Soldier concept - SUMMARY:- SUMMARY:
The System provide the 21st soldier possibility of being part
of battlefield network, which allows their exchange essential
information and simultanously ensure survivability and
lethality not only on modern battlefield, but also in full
spectrum non-military operation.
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
References:References:• Becmer D., American Conception of Future Soldier - Land Warrior i Future
Force Warrior, „Zeszyty Naukowe WSOWL” 2009, nr 1(151).
• Becmer D., French Conception of Future Soldier , „Zeszyty Naukowe WSOWL” 2008, nr 3 (149).
• Becmer D., German Conception of Future Soldier - Infanterist der Zukunft - Erweitertes System, „Zeszyty Naukowe WSOWL” 2008, nr 4 (150).
• Bell K., Thales awarded stage one of FIST soldier systems contract, [online]. [dostęp: 08.09.2009]. Dostępny w Internecie: http://www.thalesgroup.com.
• Bonsor K., How the Future Force Warrior Will Work, [online]. [dostęp: 13.02.2009]. Dostępny w Internecie: http://science.howstuffworks.com/ffw1.htm.
• Dubiel A., Land Warrior w Iraku i Kongresie, [w:] „Raport-wto” 2007, nr 9.
• Fiorenza N., Infanterist der Zukunft, [online]. [dostęp: 18.12.2009]. Dostępny w Internecie: http://www.aviationweek.com.
My email: dbecmer@onet.euPhone number: 717658294
THE TADEUSZ KOSCIUSZKO MILITARY ACADEMY OF LAND FORCES
Thank you Thank you
for your attentionfor your attention
Question ?Question ?
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