1. : adolescent , adolescere

:

Anderson , Lewin (marginal man), Hollingworth , Hall , Schelsky , Charotte 2, Rousseau 2

19

2. 1) , ,

2) (, 2000)

3. (1)

: / : : : : , : ,

3. (2)

: : : : , : : :

, ,

, ,

, ,

, , ; ,

4. Vs.

, ,

, ,

, , /

, , , ,

5. 9 (Havighurst, 1972)

, , ,

6. 11-12 18-19 1440 44.7%, 33.7%, 5.2%

18-19 52.2%, 15 7.5% 31% , 23%, 60%

: *

, * * * **

7. 1) , .

() .

2) ,

8. (adolescent egocentrism)

(imaginary audience):

(personal fable): , . , , ,

9.

: , ,

, . ?

:

. , , ,

. ,

9.

(:)

,

, , ,

(,

commitment) (identity crisis)

9. Marcia Erikson (crisis) (commitment)

20 16% 14-15 , 16-17

,

10. Marcia 4

1. (identity diffusion):

.

2. (, identity foreclosure):

. . ,

3. (identity moratorium) .

4. (identity achievement)

. .

" 74% `' "

199

, .

( ) 2005 199 , 4 3 ` ' `' 74.4%(148)

`' 12.6%(25)

`' 10.6%(21)

`' 2.5%(5)

() ,

,

, 41.2% , 80% , 52.9%

"OECD 1, 1

"60~70 , `' (, 2009/10/08 )

11. 3 6 ( , , ; , )

, . , .

12. : 5.3% , 19.7% , 8.9% : 38.5%, 31.9%, 15.1%,

12.2%, 2.2% : , , .

X, , N : : , . / /

:

, , , , ,

13.

, , , (, 1983).

, 42.8% , , , . (47.6%), (17.0%), (15.4%), (4.7%)

19.4% , 66.8%

?

, (2001). . .

1. 2. 3. (1)3. (2)4. Vs. 5. 9 (Havighurst, 1972)6. 7. 8. (adolescent egocentrism) 9. 9. 9. 10. 15 1611. 12. 13. 20 21