动词复习专题系列

2011 年中考要求： B 级

理解一般现在时、一般过去时和带常用情态动词的被动语态的基本用法。

do did done go went gone see saw seen give gave given choose chose chosen draw drew drawn eat ate eaten take took taken speak spoke spoken write wrote written show showed shown

buy bought boughtcatch caught caught think thought thoughtteach taught taughtbuild built built keep kept kepthear heard heard find found foundmake made madetell told toldcut cut cutsend sent sent

英语的谓语动词有两种语态We speak English.

主语 谓语 宾语

English is spoken by us.

主语 谓语 宾语

主动语态

被动语态

主变被解题步骤 :

1. 找宾语 ---- 即动作的承受者

They make shoes in that factory.

Shoes

2. 判断宾语的单复数 ---- 即 be 动词的单复数 .

are

were

3. 判断动词的时态 ---- 即 be 动词的时态 .

4. 修改谓语的时态 ---- 即原句动词改为过去分词

made

5. 修改原句的主语 ---- 即 by+ 主语 / 宾语 .

by them.

1He often helps me in English.

2Lucy does her homework in the evening.

3They make shoes in that factory.

4.Do you water the flowers every day?

I am often helped by him in English.

Her homework is done by Lucy in the evening.

Shoes are made by them in that factory.

Are the flowers watered by you everyday?

一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are + P.P.

1 We built our school 95 years ago.

2They planted many trees last year.

3He didn’t take the photo in 2003.

5Did you finish your homework?

Our school was built 95 years ago.

Many trees were planted last year.

The photo wasn’t taken in 2003.

一般过去时的被动语态：was/were + P.P.

Was your homework finished ?

1We will hold our National Games in Jinan.

2 I will invite my teacher to the party.

3 He won’t finish his homework in an hour.

Our National Games will be held in Jinan.

My teacher will be invited to the party.

His homework won’t be finished in an hour.

一般将来时被动语态：

will be + P.P.

1We must clean the classroom every day.

2Parents should allow the teenagers tochoose their own clothes.

3 Uncle Wang can’t mend his bike .

The classroom must be cleaned everyday.

The teenagers should be allowed to choosetheir own clothes.

His bike can’t be mended by uncle wang.

情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must/should be +P.P.

am/is/are + P.P.

was/were + P.P.

will be + P.P.

can/may/must/should be +P.P.

中考常考的被动语态

be + P.P.

Exercises 1 More and more foreigners speak Chinese in the world today. (08 重庆 ) Chinese _______ ________ by more and more foreigners in the world now.2 Dangerous driving causes many accidents, (08 临沂 ) Many accidents ______ _______ ______ many dangerous driving.3 The twins ate up all the bananas on the plate. (08 西宁 ) All the bananas _____ ______ up by the twins.4 Teachers can use cartoons to give examples in lessons about AIDS. (08 济南 ) Cartoons ______ ______ ______ to give examples in lessons about AIDS.

is spoken

are caused by

were eaten

can be used

几种特殊的被动语态

• She takes good care of the baby.

• You should speak to the old politely.

• He turned down the radio just now.

The baby is taken good care.

The old should be spoken to politely .

The radio was turned down just now.

of

若主动语态中的谓语动词是由动词加介词或副词构成的及物动词短语，应将其看成一个整体结构，在变被动时，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。

•I often see him come into the room ．

•The boss made the workers work all day.

• We heard him sing this song in the room.

He is often seen to come into the room.

The workers were made to work all day.

He was heard to sing this song in the room.

在主动句中 , make, see, hear, watch, notice 等词后跟省略 to 的不定式，变被动语态时，必须还原 to.

• We saw him playing in the street.

He was seen playing in the street.

• My father gave me a bike as a birthday present.A bike ____ ____ ____ _____ as a birthday present.I _____ _______ a bike as a birthday present.

• She bought me a pen yesterday. I _____ _____ _____ ______ yesterday.A pen______ ______ _____ ___yesterday.

was given to me

was given

was bought a penwas bought for me

含有双宾语的主动句改为被动句时，应将其中一个宾语改为被动语态的主语，而另一个宾语保留仍作宾语。将物 (sth.) 变为被动语态的主语时，要在保留宾语前加介词 to或 for.常见的双宾语动词如 give, offer, pass, show, lend, send, bring, return, tell 等用介词 to; buy, make( 制作 ), mend, cook, sing, get等用 for.

8 My uncle sent me a Christmas present last year. (06 重庆 )A Christmas present _____ ____ ____ me by my uncle last year.9 The coach makes the players play basketball ten hours a day.The players _____ ____ ____ _____ basketball ten hours a day by the coach.10 She heard the girls talk with each other noisily.The girls _______ _______ _______ talk with each other noisily.

was sent to

are made to play

were heard to

1 The children must be taken good care.2 Can this bike mended ？ 3That pencil was given me by him yesterda

y 。4 This book was wrote by Lu Xun 。5He is often seen play football outside.6The kite was made to him by her.

of

given to me

writtento play

for

be mended

火眼金睛

1The old man is ill. He must _________to the hospital. Call 120 at once. (send )2The book ___________by Lu Xun in 1920. ( write)3 All the machines _________out yesterday. (sell)4 The hospital _____________next year. (build)5This kind of book can't__________out of the library.(take)6He _____________to play computer games last night.(allow)7The boy ___often____ not to go to the net bar.(tell)8He _____________ to the party last Sunday, but he didn't go there. (ask)

be sent

was writtenwere sold

will be builtbe taken

was allowed

is toldwas asked

1 判断用主动 还是被动？

2A 物做宾语 B be +P.p Cby 短语

3 根据标志词 确定时态

历届中考试题小试身手1 —What a nice garden! --It ____ every da

y. A is cleaning B has cleaned C must clean D is cleaned 2 The girl _______ at the party last night. A heard to sing B was heard to sing C heard sing D was heard sing3 The computers _____ to the village school as presents last month.A are given B given C were given D gave 4 It is reported that the Underground Line No. 3 ___ in Nanjing in 2010 .A will build B has built C will be built D has been built

5 The accident ____on the morning of Christmas Day.A happened B was happened C was happening D is happened6 The letter is ___ in French. I can't read it.A writing B written C wrote D writes7–When ___this kind of computer_____? -Last year. A did, use B was, used C is, used D are, used8Li Feng has got a bike. He _____ it for nearl

y two years. It _____ in Tian Jin. A bought, made B has had, was made C borrow , was made D has sold , is made

happen, take place 不及物，没有被

动

9Lily was made_____in the room the whole afternoon. A study B to study C studies D studying 10 Can you tell me whom the play _____ in 1998?A was written by B was written C is written by D is written11Thousands of trees over the mountains _____ by the farmers last year.A planted B was planted C were planted D will plant12 Our teacher often says the old should ____.A be spoken politely B be spoken to politely C be spoken polite D be spoken to polite

13The medicine______ in a dry and cool place ． A keep B must keep C must be kept D must be keep 14This dictionary mustn't______ from the library ． A take away B taken awayC are taken away D be taken away15No one knows how the huge rocks____ and ____without our modern machines eight hundred years ago ． A are cut ； moved B were cut ； move C are cut ； moving D were cut ； moved 16Many boys and girls are made______ what they're not ____ ． A to do ； interested B to do ； interested in C do ； interested in D doing ； interested

17 –Look at the sign on the right. –Oh, parking ___here.A doesn’t allow B isn’t allowedC didn’t allow D wasn’t allowed18 Did you go to Sam’s weekend party? –No, I _____.A am not invited B wasn’t invitedC haven’t invited D didn’t invited19 The telephone__by Alexander Graham Bell in 18

76. A was invented B has been inventedC is invented D will be invented20 Last year, Li Hua ,a college student, ___ to work f

or the Olympic Games. A is choosing B is chosen C was choosing D was chosen

21The dress ____ smooth and soft.A felt B feels C is felt D is feeling 22When you leave the room, make sure the door ___.A was locked B is lockedC will be locked D should be locked23I want to be a Chinese teacher when I grow up. –That’s great. Chinese

teachers ____ in China and some foreign

countries.A need B are needing C are needed D will need24 More and more people have realized we won’t have cleaner water to drink

unless something ____soon. A was done B will be done C to be done D is done

feel, look, sound, taste, smell 等系动词不用被动。

25 English ___ in many countries, but Chinese___ their own language.A is spoken, speaks B speaks, is spoken C is spoken, is spoken D is spoken, speak26The skirt looks different from others and it is nice. –Thanks. It ___ by my mother last month.A made B is made C has been made D was made27The children ___ to swim last month and they can swim very well now.A are taught B were taught C have taught D taught

28—What should we do first if we want to develop our village? --A lot of new roads _____, I think. A have to build B must build C have built D must be built29James is my friend. He ____Jim for short.A calls B is called C called D is calling30Twenty students in this University ____ to Australia to study last year, and more students are expecting to have the chance next year.A are sent B were sent C will send

作文纠错：下面是某位同学的一篇看图作文，你能帮他改改错吗？

One day morning ， Mum and Dad went out to visit their friends. Only I and grandpa stayed at home. Suddenly grandpa fall down and not walk. This thing made me very tense and I don’t know what can I do for

my grandpa. So I called my Mum and Dad, let them back home quickly. After a while, my parents returned back home, sent grandpa to a hospital. The doctor said my grandpa needed to live in hospital. So my grandpa lived in the hospital and I visited he everyday. So my grandpa was very happy.

One morningmy grandpa and I fell

couldnt walk didn’

tI could

come back

washi

m

be

This/It

5 The terrible earthquake destroyed thousands of houses in that area. (08 上海 )Thousands of houses in that area ______ __________ by the terrible earthquake.6 Yesterday our teacher asked us to clean the classroom. (06 兰州 )Yesterday we _____ ____ ______clean the classroom.7 Students can’t take magazines out of the reading room. (06 重庆 )Magazines ____ _____ _______ out of the reading room.

were destroyed

were asked to

can’t be taken