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Problems of Ancient History of Palestine AbstractOne of the problems facing the researcher in the study of ancient history of Palestine is sources when archaeological excavations began in Palestine, The Biblical interpret the archaeological findings according to the knowledge derived from the old Testament and the writings of Josephus and applied them to the Palestinian positions. This research deals with this issue : Are the Old Testament and the writings of Josephus Flavius reliable and confident sources of knowledge of the ancient history of Palestine?

. ( ) . [footnoteRef:1] [footnoteRef:2] [footnoteRef:3]. . [1: Albright, W,F. The Archaeology of Palestine.Harmondsworth 1949.;Aharoni, Y. The Land of the Bible. A Historical Geograph. Neukirchenvluyn ,1983.;Mendenhall,G.E "The Hebrew Conquest of the Palestine . B A 25 ,1962.: Miller, L. M. A History of Ancient Israel.and Judah. London. 1986.; Wright, G.E. Biblical Archaeology. Philadelphia. 1962.] [2: Walid, Khaldi. The west and Jerusalem. London1996, p22.] [3: Keith Whitelam. The Invetion of Ancient Israel, The Silencing of Palestinian History.London: Melisende, 1998. p,11.]

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. ( )[footnoteRef:52] ,. . . " " ( ) : [footnoteRef:53] ( ) () ( ) . . [52: 135 .] [53: . " .. " 2 2006 2_ 11.]

. ( ) _ :1. [footnoteRef:54] . [54: Alt,A, kleins schriften.I_III, Munchen,1959.]

2. [footnoteRef:55] . [55: Malamat B, Mari and Bible, Jerusalem. 1973.]

3. [footnoteRef:56] . [56: Woolly, C, L, A Forgotten Kingdom. Harmondsworth. 1953. ]

4. [footnoteRef:57] [footnoteRef:58] [footnoteRef:59] [footnoteRef:60] [footnoteRef:61]. [57: Thompsom,L,T. Early History of the Israelite People from the written and Archaeological Sources (Brill, 1992).] [58: Peter, N.Sheffield: Israel: A New History of the Israelite Society (Sheffield Ancient Constructing the past,Interpreting: Academic Press, 1995): The Archaeology of Israel (Sheffield Academic Press, 1997.] [59: Keith Whitelam. The Invetion of Ancient Israel,The Silencing of Palestinian History Londo:Melisende,1998..] [60: Davies, R,P. In Search of Ancient Israe.( Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press), 1992. ] [61: Gabrini, G. History and Ideology in Ancient. Israel. London: SCM, 1988.]

500_ 400 12_ 15 . . . 37 100 (66_ 73) 67 [footnoteRef:62]. [62: See H. St. John Thackeray, Josephus (1929, rev. ed. 1968); T. Rajak, Josephus (1983); L. H. Feldman, Josephus and Modern Scholarship (1984); L. Feldman and H. Gohei, ed., Josephus, Judaism, and Christianity (1987) ;Josephus ,Flavius."Wars of Jews",p 3. ..]

" " 93_ 94 [footnoteRef:63] " " [footnoteRef:64] 79 " "[footnoteRef:65] . [63: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : . Book, I - XX] [64: : : : : : : : . Book, I VII.] [65: . Book. I - II]

" " 66 [footnoteRef:66] . [66: Book, I,III,V, VII, VIII,IX.]

" " (5_ 4.) (5.) (5 .)[footnoteRef:67] [67: Book, I,p,91-92.]

" " [footnoteRef:68] 66 [footnoteRef:69] (66_ 70) . [68: Book, I,II.] [69: Book, III,IV,V,VI,VII..]

" " 66_ 73[footnoteRef:70] ( 167_ 142 .). [70: Book, I,II,III..]

" "[footnoteRef:71] " "[footnoteRef:72] . [71: Book, 1.] [72: Book, I, V.]

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( ) . " " [footnoteRef:75] . [75: Book I, II, VI, VII..]

[footnoteRef:76] . [76: Book, VI, VII..]

" " 66. [footnoteRef:77] . . [77: Bentwich, Norman De Mattos, Josephus, Philadelphia. 1978.; Hadas Lebel. Mireill. Flavius Josephus: eyewitness to Romes First conquest of Judea, New York: Macmillan pub. Co ,Toronto: Maxwell Macmillan Canada; New York; Maxwell Macmillan International, 1993. Thackeray. J. Josephus, The Man and the Historian. New York. 1929 ( LectureV); ORourke, P.L. Give War a Chance. Vintag,1993.;Per Bilde. Flavius Josephus between Jerusalem and Rome: his Life, his Works and their Importance. Sheffield, 1998.: Shaye .J.D. Cohen. Josephus in Galilee and Rome. His Vita and development as a historian. Leiden, 1979. ]

: . . _ . .

1. .Aharoni, Y. The Land of the Bible. A Historical Geograph. Neukirchenvluyn ,1983.2. Albright, W,F. The Archaeology of Palestine.Harmondsworth 19493. Alt,A, kleins schriften.I_III, Munchen,1959.4.Bentwich, Norman De Mattos, Josephus, Philadelphia. 1978.5.Davies, R. In Search of Ancient Israel (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1992.6.Feldman,L,H. Josephus and Modern Scholarship .1984.7. Feldman,L. and H. Gohei, ed., Josephus, Judaism, and Christianity 1987..8.Gabrini, G, History and Ideology in Ancient Israel. London: SCM, 1988.9.Hadas Lebel. Mireill. Flavius Josephus: eyewitness to Romes First conquest of Judea, New York: Macmillan pub. Co ,Toronto: Maxwell Macmillan Canada; New York; Maxwell Macmillan International, 1993.10. Josephus ,Flavius. Work, translated by William Whistin (Grand Rapids, Mich.Associated Publisher and Authors, (n,d). The Antiquities of Jews. Wars of the Jews.11. Keith Whitelam. The Invetion of Ancient Israel, The Silencing of Palestinian History.London: Melisende, 1998. 12. Malamat B, Mari and Bible, Jerusalem. 1973.13.Mendenhall,G.E "The Hebrew Conquest of the Palestine . B A 25 ,1962.14. Miller, L. M. A History of Ancient Israel.and Judah. London. 1986.15. ORourke, P.L. Give War a Chance. Vintag,1993.16.Per Bilde. Flavius Josephus between Jerusalem and Rome: his Life, his Works and their Importance. Sheffield, 1998.17.Peter, N. Sheffield : Israel: A New of the Israelite Society (Sheffield Ancient Constructing the past Academic press,1995). 18. Rajak.T, Josephus . 1983.19. Shaye .J.D. Cohen. Josephus in Galilee and Rome. His Vita and development as a historian. Leiden, 1979.20.Thompsom,L,T.Early History of the Isrelite People From the Written and Archaeological Sources Brill,1992.21. Thackeray. J. Josephus, The Man and the Historian. New York. 1929 ( LectureV).22. Thackeray. J. Josephus(1929,rv.ed.1968).23. Walid, Khaldi. The west and Jerusalem. London1996. 24.Woolly, C, L, A Forgotten Kingdom. Harmondsworth. 1953.25.Wright, G.E. Biblical Archaeology. Philadelphia. 1962.26.Whitelam, W.K. The Invention of Ancient Israel, The silencing of Palestinian History. London, 1996.27. 1989.28. . " .. " 2 2006.29.

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