24
ynma&;u d p ö NNER (National Network for Education Reform)

"ပညာရွင္တို႔၏အျမင္၊ ပညာေရးလြတ္လပ္ခြင့္"

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အမ်ိဳးသားပညာေရးဥပေဒကို ျပင္ဆင္သည့္ ဥပေဒမူၾကမ္းကို ႀကိဳးပမ္းခဲ႔ၾကသည့္ ေက်ာင္းသားထု ႏွင့္ NNER ၏ ေဆာင္ရြက္ခ်က္မ်ား၊ ပညာရွင္တို႔၏ ပညာေရးလြတ္လပ္ခြင့္အေပၚ အျမင္သေဘာထားမ်ား၊ ေက်ာင္းသားသပိတ္ႏွင့္ စပ္လ်ဥ္း၍ သက္ဆိုင္ရာနယ္ပယ္ပုဂၢိဳလ္တို႔၏ အျမင္သေဘာထားမ်ားကို စုစည္းထားသည့္ မွတ္တမ္းတစ္ေစာင္ျဖစ္ပါသည္။

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  • ynma&;udp

    NNER (National Network for Education Reform)

  • ynma&;jyKjyifajymif;vJrIjzpfpOf

    uRefawmfwdkY jrefrmynma&;rSm tqifhtwef; tvGefedrfhusae&m? ynma&;tqifhtwef; jyefvnfjrifhvm&ef jynfoltm;vHk; arQmfvifhaeMuonf/

    ynma&;0efBuD;Xmeonf ynm&SifwpfpkESifh Comprehensive EducationSector Review (CESR) [laom ynma&;udk tvHk;pHkjyefvnf qef;ppfjcif;udkjyKvkyfonf/ ]]vufawGYusaom ynma&;jrifhwifjcif;}} [laom tpDtpOfudkCESR\ tqkdjyKcsufrsm;ESifh aqmif&Guf\/

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    odkYjzifh trsdK;om;ynma&;Oya'BuD; pufwifbm 30? 2014 xGufvmygawmhonf/

    yodk Yqd kap xdkOya'udk cRwf,Gif;csuf tm;enf;csufrsm; &S donf[kausmif;om;rsm;rS aomfvnf;aumif;? NNER (National Network for EducationReform) [laom ynma&;pepfjyKjyifajymif;vJa&;EdkifiHvHk;qdkif&muGef&ufrSvnf;aumif; owdjyKrd&m wdkif;jynftwGuf ta&;BuD;vSaom xdkynma&;Oya'udkjyifqif&ef BudK;yrf;Muavonf/

  • NNER [m bmvJ

    NNER (National Network for Education Reform) (ynma&;pepfjyKjyifajymif;vJa&;EdkifiHvHk;qdkif&muGef&uf) u ynma&;vkyfwJh tzJGYtpnf;awG tm;vHk;ygwJh vGwfvyfwJhtzJGYtpnf; jzpfw,f/ wpfzJGYcsif;pDuvnf; olYtzJGYtvdkuf vGwfvyfpGm qHk;jzwfNyD;awmhvkyfEdkifwJh NNER rSm vGwfvGwfvyfvyf ygaew,f/ NNER &JU vkyfief;u okawoevkyfw,f avhvmw,f/ tBuHPfawG awmif;cHw,f/ jynfolvlxkeJY awGYw,f/ynma&;eJY ywfoufwJh tBuHPfawG ay;wJh tzJGYtpnf; jzpfygw,f/ vGwfvyfwJhtzJGYtpnf; jzpfygw,f/ b,folurS csKyfudkifxm;wm r&Sdygbl;/

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    1

  • 2ausmif;om;rsm;\ awmif;qdkcsuf (11) csuf

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    2/ ausmif;om;or*rsm;? q&mor*rsm; vGwfvyfpGm zJGYpnf;xlaxmifvIyf&Sm;cGifhESifh 4if;or*rsm;wnf&SdrItay: w&m;0if todtrSwf jyK&ef/

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    4/ a'otvdkufESifh ausmif;tvdkuf vGwfvyfpGm pDrHcefYcJGEdkifonfh ynma&;qdkif&m udk,fydkifjy|mef;cGifh/

    5/ vuf&SdusifhoHk;vsuf&Sdaom pmar;yJGpepfESifh wuodkvf0ifcGifhpepfrsm;jyifqif&ef/

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    8/ roefpGrf;uav;rsm;tygt0if uav;tm;vHk;twGuf vlwdkif;tusHK;0ifynma&; (Inclusive education)/

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  • pdef&wkcef;r

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    (u) jy|mef;rnfh Oya'wGif wuodkvftoD;oD;wGif ausmif;om;tzJGYtpnf;rsm;? q&mtzJGYtpnf;rsm;udk oufqkdif&mwuodkvf\y#dnmOfpmwrf;ESifhtnD vGwfvyfpGm zGJYpnf;cGifh &Sdrnf/

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    (i) trsdK;om;ynma&;Oya'udk jyifqifonfh Oya'Murf;tm; &ufowywf(1) ywf twGif; vTwfawmfodkY wifjyaqmif&GufoGm;rnf/

    3

  • (p) enf;Oya'rsm;ESifh qufpyfOya'rsm; a&;qJG&mwGif ausmif;om;ausmif;oludk,fpm;vS,frsm;? q&mq&mrudk,fpm;vS,frsm; qufvufyg0if aqG;aEG;&efrlvuwnf;u BudKwifpDpOfNyD; jzpfonf/

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    2015 ckESpf? azazmf0g&Dv (1) &uf/

    4

  • yxrtBudrf av;yGifhqkdifaqG;aEG;yJG

    yl;wJGxkwfjyefaMunmcsuf2015 ckESpf? azazmf0g&Dv 1 &ufaeY?

    pdef&wkcef;r? &efukefNrdKU/

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    (2) aqG;aEG;yJGwGif 'Drdkua&pDynma&;vIyf&Sm;rIOD;aqmifaumfrwDrS wifjyaomBudKwifpnf;urf;csuf (9) csufrS atmufygtcsufrsm;udk oabmwlnDcJhygonf/(u) aqG;aEG;yJGwpfBudrfNyD;wkdif; oabmwlxkwfjyefcsufrsm; yl;wJGxkwfjyefrnf/(c) aqG;aEG;yJGqdkif&m taMumif;t&mrsm;udk jynfolvlxkodkY vGwfvyfpGm

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    wef;wltcGifhta&; &Sdonf/(C) aqG;aEG;y J G\ oabmwlnDrIonf ausmif;om;ud k,fpm;vS,frsm;

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    ausmif;om;ausmif;oludk,fpm;vS,frsm;? q&mq&mrudk,fpm;vS,frsm;yg0if&rnf/

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    ausmif;om;jynfolrsm; auseyfvufcHaom ynma&;qdkif&m qufpyfOya'Murf;rsm;? enf;Oya'rsm;ESifh pyfvsOf;onfh udprsm;udk &uf (30)twGif; aqG;aEG;aqmif&GufoGm;rnf/

    (Z) vTwfawmfrS ynma&;qd ki f&mOya'Murf;rsm;ud k twnfjyK&mwGifausmif;om;xk\ vdkvm;csufrsm;ESifh udkufnDrI &Sdap&ef wdkufwGef;onf/

    5

  • (3) 2015 ckESpf? azazmf0g&Dv (3) &ufaeY eHeuf (9) em&DwGif aejynfawmfaqG;aEG;yJGudk qufvufusif;y&ef oabmwlnDcJhMuygonf/

    (ausmif;om;rsm;wifjyaom BudKwifpnf;urf;csuf 9 csufvHk; r&/qEjyausmif;om;rsm;\ vHkNcHKa&;ESifh pyfvsOf;aom tmrcHcsuf r&&Sd/0efBuD;OD;atmifrif;onf ykyg;txdom ausmif;om;rsm;\ vHkNcHKa&;twGufwm0ef,lEdkifonf[k xyfcgxyfcg ajymMum;cJhonf/)

    6

    'kwd,tBudrf av;yGifhqdkif aqG;aEG;yJG ysufjy, f

    trsdK;om;ynma&;Oya'jyifqifa&; 'kwd,tBudrf av;yGifhqdkif aqG;aEG;yJGwGif rnfonfhaqG;aEG;rIrQ rpwifvdkuf&bJ tcsdefMuefYMumrIrsm; jzpfay:cJhNyD;aemuf &ufudka&TUqdkif;vdkufaMumif; owif;&&Sdonf/

    aqG;aEG;yJGwGif tpdk;&bufu OD;aqmifaqG;aEG;ol orw&Hk;0efBuD; OD;atmifrif;uEdkifiHawmforw\ oabmxm;jzifh aqG;aEG;yJGudk azazmf0g&D 12 &uf aemufydkif;odkYa&TUqdkif;vdkufaMumif; aMunmjcif;jzifh azazmf0g&D 3 &uf aqG;aEG;yJGrSm ysufoGm;cJhonf/

    (7 &ufaeYpOfowif;pm? azazmf0g&D 4? 2015)

  • NNER

    ausmif;? wuodkvfonf tpdk;&w&yfudkwm0efcH&rSmvm;/

    tpdk;&onf ausmif;? wuodkvfw&yfudk ]]jzpf}}atmif vkyfEdkifygonf/ odkYaomf ]]ysuf}}atmifvnf; vkyfEdkifygonf/

    ]]jzpf}}atmif vkyfvdkaomf ausmif;rsm;vGwfvyfatmif vkyfay;&ygvdrfhrnf/tpdk;&onf ausmif;rsm;tm; Oya't& wnf&SdcGifhESifh vkyfydkifcGifhay;onfrSm rSefygonf/odkYESifhyif wuodkvfrsm; ausmif;om;rsm;\ ynmoifMum;a&;tvkyftm; pD&ifqkH;jzwfcGifh&Sdygoavm/

    r&Sdyg[k rpfu,f*Ref [laom ynma&;em;vnfol q&mBuD;wOD;u ajymygonf/tpdk;&w&yfu ynma&;udk tvHk;pHk pD&ifaomaMumifh udk,fusdK;enf;cJhMu&NyD/

    tpdk;&onf wuodkvfrsm;tm; b@maiG vHkvHkavmufavmuf axmufyHh&rnfrSmawmh olYwm0ef jzpfavonf/

    ynm&SifwdkY\tjrif ynma&;vGwfvyfcGifh

    7

  • 8NNER

    A[dkcsKyfudkifrI avQmhcsjcif;Decentralization

    A[dkcsKyfudkifrI avQmhcsjcif; 3 rsKd;&Sdygw,f/

    (1) wae&mwnf;rSm pkaewmudk avQmhjcif; (t*Fvdyfvdk deconcentration

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    A[dkuawmh udkifxm;wkef;yJ/ a'oE&qdkif&mawG atmufajcawGudk

    pDrHcefYcGJrIwcsKdUawGudk vTJawmh vTJvkdufNyD/

    (2) vTJtyfjcif; (Delegation)A[dku vTJawmh vTJvdkufw,f/ jyef,lEdkifatmifvnf; vkyfxm;w,f/

    (3) avQmhcsypfvdkufjcif; (Devolution)atmufudk tmPmukefvTJwm? tNrJwrf; vTJvdkufwm jzpfygw,f/

    ausmif;om;rsm;ESifh NNER u awmif;qdkaeonfrSm 'kwd,trsdK;tpm;jzpfaom delegated decentralization jzpfonf/ t&nftaoG;udk tmrcHaompepf(Quality Assurance System) wnfaqmuf 'kwd,trsdK;tpm; A[dkcsKyfudkifrIavQmhjcif; vkyfEdkifonf/ wuodkvfrsm;twGufvnf; wuodkvfrsm;*&efYaumfr&Sif(University Grant Commission) jyKvkyfEdkifonf/

    ynm&SifwdkY\tjrif ynma&;vGwfvyfcGifh

  • NNERynma&;jyKjyifajymif;vJrIudk O,smOfrSL;rsufpdeJYqef;ppfMunfhjcif;

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    jrefrmu ordkif;&SdwJhEdkifiH? trsKd;rsKd;aom ,Ofaus;rI"avhxkH;pHawG? bmompum;awG? yx0DawG &SdwJhEdkifiH/ &efukefNrdKUawmfBuD;rSm oifhwJhtyif[m awmt&yfrSmaygufcsifrSaygufr,f/ vdrmwJh O,smOfrSL;uawmh odwmaygh/ ajreJY OwkeJY udkufatmifavsmfatmif olYO,smOfudk jyKpkrSmyJ/

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    rdcifbmompum;oifMum;a&;udk Oyrmay;csifw,f/ wdkif;&if;om;awG olwdkYbmompum;eJY oif&rS pmaumif;aumif; wwfrSmaygh/ olwdkY O,smOfeJY olwdkYtyifpkduf&&if aysmfMurSm/ wdkif;jynfBuD; Nidrf;csrf;rSmyJ/

    aemufOyrmwpfcku csif;jynfe,frSmqdk&if rdk;&GmvGef;wJhrdk;cgrSm ausmif;oGm;zdkYtqifrajybl;/ rdk;rSm ausmif;ydwfNyD; ausmif;zGifh&moDu aEGeJYaqmif; jzpfoifhw,f/ausmif;0wfpHk tpdrf;uvnf; yg;vSyfvGef;awmh tvGefat;wJh &moDOwkeJY tqifrajybl;/

    ckxduawmh wdkif;&if;bmompum; oifzdkYudpudk ausmif;awGtxd vTJray;ao;bl;/ oif&dk;Tef;wrf;vnf; ]]MumeDMumjzL MumndKaESmvdkY wdkY,mawmrSm yGifhMuw,f}}qdkwmawG a&Twd*Hkbk&m;taMumif;awG oifzdkYxuf olwdkYeJY eD;uyfwJh taMumif;t&myg&rSm r[kwfvm;/

    ynm&SifwdkY\tjrif ynma&;vGwfvyfcGifh

    9

  • 10

    ausmif;rsm;\ vkyfydkifcGifh (Local Ownership)ynma&;pepf wnfaqmuf&mrSmvnf; tpDtpOf&Sd&rwJh/ ynm&SifawG

    tBuHjyKwmu? tay:u jirf; (Scaffolding) yJvkyf? usefwmudk a'oE&qdkif&mupDrHzdkY cGifhjyK&rwJh/ Local ownership & variation vdkY olwdkYu qdkygw,f/ ynma&;jyKjyifwnfaqmufzkddYudk ykdifqdkifcGifh uGJjym;cGifh ay;&r,fvdkY ajymygw,f/ Operationaldecisions awGudk ausmif;awGu csrSwf&r,f/ tvGef&Sif;vif;wJh AsL[mabmif clearstrategic framework udkyJ tay:u csrSwf/ 'grsKd;csrSwfrSvnf; jzpfr,f/ tJ'gudkquality assurance system wnfaqmufvdkuf&if NyD;NyD/ Quality assurance system udkvlolav;yg; av;pm;wJh vGwfvyfwJh ynm&SifawGeJY vkyfzdkYyJ/ tJ'D assurance systemu a'oE& tao;pdwfawGrSm rygzdkYawmhvnf; vkdw,fvkdY qkdygw,f/

    q&mawG[m worwfwnf;aom &nf&G,fcsuf consistency of contentodkYr[kwf wkdif;jynftwGuf AsL[majrmufvm;&myef;wdkifudk olwkdYtay: wifwmudkvufcHMuwmcsnf;yJvdkY okawoeu qkdygw,f/

    ynm&SifwdkY\tjrif ynma&;vGwfvyfcGifh

  • 11

    'DOya'udk avhvmMunfhwJhtcgrSm csdKU,Gif;csufawG &Sdaew,f/csdKU,Gif;csufawG[m trsm;oabmrwlwJh tcsufawG jzpfaew,fqdk&if

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    (The Irrawaddy, Vol. 2, No. 6)

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  • 12

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  • 13

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  • 14

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  • 15

    The UnionThe Union means unitythe Union means freedomthe Union means peacethe Students Unionactive, militant, fairdisciplined, respectfuland forgiving.The Union serves the nationthe Union works for the peopleno arrogance, no vanityno prejudice.The Union promotes educationthe Union is honesthardworking, alertever ready for sacrificein patriotism.The Union spirit is always aliveoverwhelming the earththe oceans and the sky.The Union has Aung Sanfresh and flourishingalways high in statureunforgettablehe lives in our memory.Ko Oo (Monywa)Trans. by Ant Maung

    (The Standard Time Daily, February 6, 2015)

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    tHharmi f(pHawmfcsdefaeYpOf? 5? azazmf0g&D? 2015)

    17

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    OD;odef;GefY (jynfolYvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f)(pHawmfcsdefaeYpOf? 5 azazmf0g&D? 2015)

    18

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    (pHawmfcsdefaeYpOf? 5 azazmf0g&D? 2015)

    19

    &Jrsm;ESifh wm;qD;Muonf

  • 20

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    (rZdr? azazmf0g&D 5 &uf? 2015)

  • 21

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