同学们，你们还记得在 Book 4 Unit 3 A taste of English humour 中有这样三个句子吗？

1. Such training was common in acting families ...

2. He grew more and more popular as his charming character ...

3. The acting is so convincing that ...

通过观察，我们不难发现第 1 、2 句是动词 -ing 形式作定语，且放在被修饰的名词前面；第 3句是动词 -ing 形式作表语，放在 be 动词的后面。今天我们要学习与动词 -ing 形式相对应的过去分词作定语和表语的用法。

• 过去分词作表语一般用来表示感受或状态（系动词 + 过去分词）

No wonder he is excited! (predictive)

可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：delighted, disappointed, upset, astonished, excited, frightened, experienced, interested, qualified, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied

• 过去分词作定语：1. 分词可以用作前置定语，此

时，分词和名词之间有两种语意关系：一种是分词表示主动（但时间上已经过去）；一种是分词表被动。

He is a retired worker. 他是一个退休工人。 This is a newly-developed device.

这是一个新开发的工具。2. 过去分词作后置定语时，其功

能相当于一个定语从句。

Past Participle as the Attributive

Look at the following sentences where the past participle is used. Find two more examples in the reading passage of each usage.

Example: 1. So many thousands of terrified people died.

1

过去分词短语有时亦可用作非限制性定语，前后常有逗号。 Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train. 他们当中有一些人，生长在农村，从未见过火车。

2. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.

用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接修饰人，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。The general stared at him in startled admiration.将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。

Attentione.g. We asked two of China’s many t

alented journalists to tell us more about new.

I want to write about people addicted to drugs.

• When the past participle is a single word, where do you put, before the noun modified or after it? When the past participle is a phrase, where do you put?

过去分词短语用作定语时，一般皆置之于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于口语中。

There were twenty or thirty monkeys huddled along the branches as still as statues.

有二三十个猴子蜷缩在树枝上，静如雕像。

Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof.

卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气是装载车顶上的袋中。

Look at the dialogue and find the use of the past participle.

-- I hear you and James are engaged at last.-- Yes, we are.-- When are you getting married?-- In the spring.-- Oh, lovely. Where’s the wedding going to be?

Past Participle as the Predicative

Example: But he became inspired when he though

t about helping ordinary people. 　 Now find two more examples in the re

ading passage.

He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.

Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.

Past Participle as an attribute

Past Participle asthe predicative

1. terrified people2. reserved seats3. polluted water4. a crowded room5. a pleased winner

1. people who are terrified of

2. seats which are reserved3. water that is polluted4. a room that is crowded5. a winner who is pleased

Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.2

Past Participle as an attribute

Past Participle asthe predicative6. children who are

astonished at/by …7. a vase that is broken8. a door that is closed9. the audience who are

tired of …10. an animal that is

trapped in/by …

6. astonished children

7. a broken vase8. a closed door9. the tired

audience10. a trapped animal

Change the following into English using “make + n.” and past participles.

make an appointmentmake a gossipmake an apologymake a contestmake a choice

约会闲言碎语道歉竞争选择

crowded streets

struck speeches

inspired contestant受到鼓舞的竞赛者拥挤的街道打动人的演讲

unexpected visitors

discouraged students

不速之客感到沮丧的学生

1. He got ______________ about losing the money.

2. The painter looked so _____ after working for a whole day.

blamed / upset

tired

3 Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative. (P5)

4. Everybody was _________________ to hear of the death of the famous

film star.

shocked/ depressed

3. I was ___________ with the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.

disappointed

5. Everybody is really _______ about the new Olympic stadiums.

6. His wound became _______ with a new virus.

excited

infected

Rewrite the following sentences with the past participle as attributive.

• Let’s try the bookstore that was opened last month.

Let’s try the bookstore opened last month.

Nine out of ten women interviewed about the product said they liked it.

Yesterday, the President went to visit the retired workers.

• Nine out of ten women who were interviewed about the product said they liked it.

• Yesterday, the President went to visit the workers who had retired.

Further information: Difference between the Present Participle

and the Past participle

Choose appropriate verbs to complete the following sentences, using the past participle. Explain the use of the past participle in each sentence. (P43)

1

worry interest arrive frighten prepare continue concern

1. They were ________ to accept my idea.2. I’ll be _________ to know how they mad the wonderful fireworks.3. The mayor said that he was _______ about the _________ rise of the water level in the river bed.

preparedinterested

worried continued

4. Recently ________ soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood.

5. Most of the newspaper seems to be _________ with pop stars.

6. He was _________ of going alone into the empty house.

arrived

concernedfrightened

Rewrite these sentences as one sentence using the past participle as the attribute or predicative.(P43)

2

1. I found this plate on the floor. The plate was broken in pieces. I found this broken plate on the

floor.

2. I saw a tall, dark and handsome man. His name is Xiao Ming.

I saw a tall, dark and handsome man named Xiao Ming.

3. I looked at that modem abstract ( 抽象 ) painting. It was colored in yellows and greens.

I looked at that modem abstract painting colored in yellows and greens.

4. Yesterday I got the answer to my question on the Internet. It was the one I expected.

Yesterday I got the expected answer to my question on the Internet.

5. She is one of my friends. She is devoted to my interests.

She is my friend devoted to my interests.

6. On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles. They were marked in green ink.

On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles were marked in green ink.

7. We saw many windows in that room. They were all cracked.

We saw many cracked windows in that room.

从 A 、 B 、 C 、 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ______ from the library. （ 2010 年课标全国卷）

A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing

2. I’m calling to enquire about the position ______ in yesterday’s China Daily. （北京 2010 ）A. advertised B. to be advertisedC. advertising D. having advertised

3. A great number of students ______ said they were forced to practise the piano. （四川 2010 ）A. to question B. to be questionedC. questioned D. questioning

4. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ______ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. （福建 2010 ）A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck

5. So far nobody has claimed the money ______ in the library. （湖南 2010 ）A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered

6. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ______? （ 2009 年全国卷 I ）

A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take

7. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ______ on his own farm. （北京 2009 ）A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow

8. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ______ until the plane has come to a complete stop. （四川 200

9 ）A. seated 　　 B. seatingC. to seat 　　　 D. seat

9. With the government’s aid, those ______ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. （上海 2009 ）A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected

10. Tom knew he would certainly get ______ if he was late home. （ 2008 年四川延考区）A. shout at B. to shout at C. shouted at D. to be shouted at