Программирование процессора Cell

Cell .. , , 28 2009

CellRoadrunner Opteron Cell

Cell Cell

Cell IBMIBM BladeCenter QS 212 Cell B.E. 3.2 GHzIBM BladeCenter QS 222 PowerXCell 8i 3.2 GHz2 PowerXCell 8i 4.0 GHz

Mercury Computer SystemsMercury Dual Cell Based System 22 Cell B.E. 3.2 GHzMercury Dual Cell Based Blade 22 Cell B.E. 3.2 GHzMercury PCI Express Cell Accelerator Board 21 Cell B.E. 2.8 GHz

FixstarsFixstars GagaAccell 180 Accelerator Board1 PowerXCell 8i 2.8 GHz

-PeakCell S2 PowerXCell 8i 3.2 GHzPeakCell W2 PowerXCell 8i 3.2 GHzPeakCell YPS4 PowerXCell 8i 3.2 GHz

Sony PlayStation3 1 CELL B.E. 3.2 GHz1 PPE6 SPE256 MB

Cell SPE

-100 () -30 ()

L2

L2

L2

L2

FSB

0

1

Cell CellPower Processor Element ()Synergistic Processor Element ()Element Interconnect Bus

Cell1 PPE (PowerPC, 2 )

8 SPE ( ) : 256 KB : 128 EIB

Cell. , :2 PPE8 SPE

Cell. , :2 PPE8 SPE

. , :SPE SIMDPPE VMX

PPE (read / write) SPE SPE (put / get)SPE (read / write) SPE SPESPE

SPE SPE ( ) LS SPE SPE

Load 1Count 1Store 1Load 2Count 2Store 2Load 1Count 1Store 1Load 2Count 2Store 2Count 3Load 3Load 4Count 4Store 3 SPE SPELoad SPECount Store SPE

Cell SPE

Cell Cell :

SPE

SPE

Cell SMP- + (OpenMP, PThreads, )

+ MPI

Cell

Cell SMP- + (OpenMP, PThreads, ) 0123 , 4-core SMP

Cell + MPI , CLUSTER

Cell Cell PPE SPE PPESPE SPE

CellFunction offload modelPPE{matrix a, b, c;multiply(a, b, c);}SPEmultiply(){ }mul(){ }

Cell SPESPESPESPEPPEwork() { }work() { }work() { }work() { }TaskTaskTaskTaskTaskTaskmain(){ AddTask(); }Task

Cell SPESPESPESPEPPEstep1() { }step2() { }step4() { }step3() { }InputdataOutputdatamain(){ make_input(); get_output(); }

Cell SPEPPESPESPESPESPESPESPESPE

Cell SPEPPESPESPESPESPESPESPESPE PPE

Cell SPE

libspe2LibSPE Cell, . : PPE, SPE,PPE- SPE-,SPE- callback- PPE-.

libspe2: Hello, World! PPE (ppu_prog.c)#include extern spe_program_handle_t spu_hello;int main (){ unsigned int entry = SPE_DEFAULT_ENTRY; spe_context_ptr_t spe;

spe = spe_context_create (0, NULL); spe_program_load (spe, &spu_hello); spe_context_run (spe, &entry, 0, (void *) 10, (void *) 20, NULL); spe_context_destroy (spe);

return 0;}

SPE (spu_prog.c)#include int main (unsigned long long spe, unsigned long long argp, unsigned long long envp) { printf("Hello, World! (%llu,%llu)\n", argp, envp); return 0;}

libspe2: Hello, World! Cell:main(){ }main(){ }spu_prog.cspu-gcc -o spu_prog spu_prog.cspu_progppu_prog.cspu_hello

ppu-embedspu spu_hello spu_prog spu_prog.oppu-gcc -o prog ppu_prog.c spu_prog.o -lspe2spu_prog.oprog SPE PPE+SPE

libspe2: Hello, World! Cell: PPE , SPE.main(){ }thread_func() { }thread_func() { }thread_func() { }pthread_create()main() { }main() { }main() { }SPESPESPErun()PPE

libspe2: Hello, World! PPE #include #include #define NTHREADS 40extern spe_program_handle_t spu_hello;

void *thread_func (void *data){ unsigned int entry = SPE_DEFAULT_ENTRY; spe_context_ptr_t spe; spe = spe_context_create (0,NULL); spe_program_load (spe, &spu_hello); spe_context_run (spe, &entry, 0, (void *)data, (void *)NTHREADS, NULL); spe_context_destroy (spe); return 0;}

int main (){ pthread_t tid [NTHREADS]; unsigned long i; for (i=0;i

Cell SPE

DMA- 16 KB: Get: SPE Put: SPE Mailbox- 32- :SPE in (4)SPE out (1)SPE out interrupt (1) 32- : SPE

DMA- PPE, SPE SPESPESPESPE

DMA- 16 . 1,2,4,8,16 16*N . DMA- 5- DMA-. DMA-.

DMA- , get put:Barrier:getb, putbFence:getf, putf

libspe 2.0: DMA SPE

// GET: PPE SPEvoid get (void *dest_lsa, unsigned long long sour_ea, unsigned long size){ int tag=mfc_tag_reserve(), mask=1

Mailbox: 4-

PPESPEspe_in_mbox_write()spu_read_in_mbox()spe_out_mbox_read()spu_write_out_mbox()spe_out_mbox_status()spe_in_mbox_status()spu_stat_in_mbox()spu_stat_out_mbox() inout

Mailbox: 4-

Signal: 4- PPESPEspe_in_mbox_write()spu_read_in_mbox()spe_out_mbox_read()spu_write_out_mbox()spe_out_mbox_status()spe_in_mbox_status()spu_stat_in_mbox()spu_stat_out_mbox()PPESPEspe_signal_write()spu_read_signal1()spu_stat_signal1()spu_stat_signal2()spe_signal_write()spu_read_signal2() inoutsig1sig2

libspe 2.0: Ping-pong PPE

while ( spe_out_mbox_status(spe) == 0 );// spe_out_mbox_read(spe ,&data ,1);// data++;// spe_signal_write(spe, SPE_SIG_NOTIFY_REG_1, data); // 1

SPE

spu_write_out_mbox(data);// data=spu_read_signal1();// 1

SPE SPE . SPE SPE. SPESPEspe_ls_area_get()

SPE mailbox- SPE ./ SPE SPE. SPESPEspe_ps_area_get()putget

Cell SPE

SPE SPE 16 . . . , , :

SPE : 256 KB 16 : , 16 ,

. :unsigned char buffer[1024] __attribute__ ((aligned(16))); :vector float vf1 = { 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 };vector float vf2[2] = {{1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0}, {5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0}};vector float vf3[2] = {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0};

intrinsics : (specific) ,: d = si_to_int(a); (generic) ,: c = spu_add (a, b); (built-ins) intrinsics ( )., DMA-.

:d = spu_add(a,b);d = spu_sub(a, b);d = spu_madd(a, b, c);d = spu_mul(a, b); :d = spu_and(a, b);d = spu_or(a, b);d = spu_eqv(a, b); : simdmath.

:d = spu_insert(s, v, n);d = spu_splats(s);d = spu_promote(s, n);s = spu_extract(v, n); :d = spu_convtf(a, scale);d = spu_convts(a, scale);d = spu_extend(a);

:, d = spu_rl(a, count);d = spu_sl(a, count); d = spu_sel(a, b, pattern);d = spu_shuffle(a, b, pattern);

: void mulv (float *a, float *b, float *c, int n){ int i, j, k; vector float *bv = (vector float *) b; vector float *cv = (vector float *) c; vector float s, t;

s = spu_splats(0.0); for (i=0; i

:for (i=0; i

:int a[n];short int b[n];for (i=0; i

:

, , , , , , , , . !

SPE 32- . short int int, .short int i,k;for (i=0; i

Cell SPE

Cell IBM (IBM Cell SDK) libspe 2.0 : SIMD Math Library, MASS Library, FFT, Game math, Image Processing, Matrix, Vector, Multi-precision math, BLAS, LAPACK, Monte-CarloSync Library: , , , Software managed cache (OpenMP): xlc, xlfDaCS Data Communication and Synchronization library ALF Accelerated Library Framework

BSC Cell SuperscalarMercury Computer Systems: MultiCore FrameworkRapidMindGedae

IBM Cell Broadband Engine resource center, http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/power/cell/documents.htmlCell Developer's Corner, http://www.power.org/resources/devcorner/cellcornerSTI Center of Competence for the Cell Broadband Engine Processor, http://sti.cc.gatech.eduBarcelona Supercomputing Center: Cell Superscalar, www.bsc.es/cellsuperscalarRapidMind Development Platform, www.rapidmind.netMercury Computer Systems: MultiCore Framework, http://www.mc.com/software/multicore_framework.aspx

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Программирование процессора Cell