人教修订版高中一年级 ( 下 )

Unit 16

英语中，词的构成方式主要有三种 :

1. 合成 (compounding)

2. 转化 (conversion)

3. 派生 (derivation)

1) 前缀 (prefix)

2) 后缀 (suffix)

可参看 P158-161

Some words are made up of two or more other words.--------- compound words.

• Some are written as two words

(e.g. hot dog, ice cream)

2. Some are spelt as one word

(e.g. schoolyard)

3. Some are words joined by a hyphen

(e.g. best-seller)

P26• foot + ball = football• shoe + string / lace =

shoestring / shoelace

• ice + cream = ice cream• green + house =

greenhouse• down + town = downtown• sea + food = seafood

A few more examples:1. Part 1 Something you do in your free time

Part 2 What is under your feet.play + ground = playground

2. Part 1 the opposite of white Part 2 a flat and smooth piece of wood

black + board = blackboard

3. Part 1 a piece of furniture with four legs Part 2 a game played by hitting a small ball over a net in a field of grass

table + tennis = table tennis

1. noun + noun basket( 篮子 ) + ball( 球 ) = basketball( 篮球 )

house( 屋子 ) + work( 劳动 ) = housework( 家务劳动 )

news( 消息 ) + paper( 纸 ) = newspaper( 报纸 ) Guess the meaningbedclothes

woodcutter

battlefield

school-leaver

床上用品

樵夫

战场

毕业生

I. Noun compounds

2. adj. + noun

black( 黑色的 ) + board ( 木板 ) =blackboard 黑板English( 英国的 ) +man( 人 )= Englishman 英国人loud( 大声的 )+speaker( 说话者 )=loudspeaker 扬声器 Guess the

meaningfreeway

short-wave

mainland

hard-seat

高速公路短波大陆硬座

3. adv./ prep. + noun

after + noon = afternoon

Guess the meaningovercoat

inland

外套；大衣内陆

4. noun. + v-ing

sight + seeing = sightseeing 观光

Guess the meaning

horse + racing

tape + recording

horse racing 骑马tape recording 录音带

5. v. + adv.

get + together = get- together 聚会

1. noun. + adj.

world + famous = world- famous 世界闻名的Guess the meaningradioactive 放射性的

II. Adjective compounds

2. adj. + adj.

reddish( 微红 ) + brown = reddish-brown 红棕色

3. n. / adj. + noun

easy + going = easy-going 随和的

Guess the meaning

fun-loving 爱开玩笑的

4. n. / adj. + p.p.( 过去分词 )

man + made = man-made 人造的

Guess the meaningsunburnt

widespread

illformed

阳光烧伤的广泛传播的不规范的

5. noun / adj. + noun+ed

kind + heart + ed = kind-hearted 好心的blue + eye + ed = blue – eyed 蓝眼睛的cold + blood + ed = cold-blooded 冷血的

Guess the meaningglass- topped

simple + mind +ed

right + hand + ed

玻璃罩着的头脑简单的惯用右手的

6. adv. (pronoun. / numeral) + noun.

every + day = everyday

Guess the meaningunderground

secondhand

地下的二手（货）

1. adv. / preposition + noun.

in + side = inside

down + stairs = downstairs 在楼下

Guess the meaningdownhill 下坡的 / 地 ；

向下的 / 地

III. adv. / preposition compounds

adv. + verb

under + line = underline 划下线于under + stand = understand 理解

IV. verb

Attention: 有时合成词不是直接按字面意思推出来的。如 loudspeaker 不是‘大声说话的人’， 而是‘扬声器’

P91 Possible answers Grammar: Exe 1n. + n. n. adj. + n. n. adj. + n.

n.prep. + n. adj.

cupboardschoolyardfarmlandsalesgirlkeyboardworkplacemoonlightspaceshipbaseballteamworkseafooddoorbellsunglasses

best-sellerloudspeakergreenhousemainland

part-timehalfwaysecond-hand

outdoorupstairsoutsideundergroundundersea

1.undersea ---- seafood

2.wheelchair ---- chairman ---- man-made

3.high school ---- schoolboy --- boyfriend ---friendship

4.homework ---- workbook --- bookshop ---- shop window ----- window shopping

5.greenhouse ---- housework ---- workday --- daytime ---- timetable ---- table tennis

Grammar: Exe 2

英语中，词的构成方式主要有三种 :

1. 合成 (compounding)

2. 转化 (conversion)

3. 派生 (derivation)

1) 前缀 (prefix)

2) 后缀 (suffix)

详情请阅 P158-161

Answers:

P90 Exe 1

1.wheelchair

2.storeroom

3.framework

4.drugstore

5.key ring

Answers:

P91 Exe 2

1.economy

2.comfortable

3.electric

4.fasten

5.conclusion

6.conduct

7.activities

Answers:

P91 Exe 3

1. Franklin’s kite experiment showed that lightning and electricity are the same.

2. Some people think that the threat that nuclear energy forms to the environment weighs much more than the good it does for society.

3. A light electric shock does no harm to the human body, but a strong one can kill.

4. There was a great deal of talk about he scientist’s family life.

Answers:

P91 Exe 3

5. How can you prove that you didn’t do it?

6. The wheel, one of the earliest inventions, still plays an important role in human activities.

7. Linda was so angry that she tore the letter into pieces and threw them into the dustbin.

8. British law says that every new drug must be tested on at least two different kinds of animals.