7/23/2019 097 Caedo vs Yu Khe Tai

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/097-caedo-vs-yu-khe-tai 1/1

[097] Caedo v. Yu Khe Thai G.R. No. L-20392. December 18, 1968.

Petitioners: !rci!" #. $!e%o, &'!n! $!e%o !n% t(eir c(i"%ren, ri%in) in t(e erc'r* $!r Res+on%ents: ' (e #(!i o/ner o c!r, R!!e" ern!r%o %rier, in ! $!%i""!c

 Norberto Quisumbing or Petitioners. De Joya, Lopez, Dimaguila, Hermoso & Divino or +ri!te res+on%ents.

Facts:

4t 5:30 in t(e mornin), on i)(/!* 5 no/ D4 in t(e icinit* o !n Loreno ;i""!)e, !rci!" $!e%o /!s %riin) (is erc'r* c!r rom <$ to

t(e !ir+ort so't(bo'n% to brin) (is son /(o /!s )oin) to in%oro. $omin) rom t(e o++osite %irection /!s t(e $!%i""!c o ' (e #(!i, %rien b*

ern!r%o, )oin) to =!c> =!c> rom P!r!?!@'e nort(bo'n%. $onsi%erin) t(ere /!s no tr!ic !t t(!t time, bot( c!rs /ere tr!e"in) ! !ir"* mo%er!tes+ee%sA$!e%o !t 0-50>+(, ern!r%o 8-56>+(. Bn ront o t(e c!r o ern!r%o !n% ' (e #(!i /!s ! c!rrete"! )oin) in t(e s!me %irection. #(e

c!rrete"! /!s to/in) !not(er (orse b* me!ns o ! s(ort ro+e coi"e% !ro'n% t(e c!rrete"!Cs +ost. #(e c!rrete"! (!% t/o "i)(ts, one on e!c( si%e.

ern!r%o, inste!% o s"o/in) %o/n or sto++in) be(in% t(e c!rrete"!, eere% to t(e "et in or%er to +!ss. 4s (e %i%, (is c!r c!')(t t(e rim o t(e

c!rrete"!Cs "et /(ee", /renc(in) it o !n% c!rr*in) it !"on) !s t(e c!r s>i%%e% to t(e ot(er "!n%, co""i%in) /it( $!e%oCs c!r. $!e%o, trie% to !oi% t(eco""ision b* )oin) !rt(er to t(e ri)(t, b't /!s 'ns'ccess'".

$!e%o !n% t(e members o (is !mi"* /ere in're% bec!'se o t(e !cci%ent, so t(e* i"e% t(is s'it or recoer* o %!m!)es rom ern!r%o !n% ' (e#(!i.

Issue/s:

1. =(o /!s res+onsib"e or t(e !cci%entE

2. B it /!s ern!r%o, /!s (is em+"o*er, ' (e #(!i so"i%!ri"* "i!b"e /it( (imE

Held/Ratio:

1. ern!r%o in t(e $!%i""!c. #(e co""ision /!s %irect"* tr!ce!b"e to ern!r%oCs ne)"i)ence. e trie% to be!t $!e%oCs c!r or s@'eee bet/een$!e%oCs c!r !n% t(e c!rrete"!. e s(o'"% (!e >no/n t(!t +!ssin) t(e c!rrete"! /!s ! ris>* m!ne'er, b't (e sti"" too> ! )!mb"e. #(e irst

c"e!r in%ic!tion o (is ne)"i)ence /!s (is c"!im t(!t (e /!s !"most '+on t(e c!rrete"! /(en (e s!/ it in ront o (im, on"* 8 meters !/!*.

#(e c!rrete"! (!% t/o "i)(ts, one on e!c( si%e, /(ic( s(o'"% (!e )ien (im s'icient /!rnin) to t!>e necess!r* +rec!'tion. en i (ec"!ims (e %i%nCt see t(e "i)(ts o t(e c!rrete"!, t(e c!rrete"! s(o'"% (!e been isib"e to (im i (e (!% been c!re'", !s it m'st (!e been in

t(e be!m o (is (e!%"i)(ts.

2. No, ' (e #(!i c!nnot be (e"% so"i%!ri"* "i!b"e /it( ern!r%o.

4rt 218. Bn motor e(ic"e mis(!+s, t(e o/ner is so"i%!ri"* "i!b"e /it( (is %rier, i t(e ormer, /(o /!s in t(e e(ic"e, co'"% (!e, b* t(e

'se o %'e %i"i)ence, +reente% t(e misort'ne. Bt is %is+'t!b"* +res'me% t(!t ! %rier /!s ne)"i)ent, i (e (!% been o'n% )'i"t* o rec>"ess

%riin) or io"!tin) tr!ic re)'"!tions !t "e!st t/ice /it(in t(e neFt +rece%in) t/o mont(s.

n%er 4rt. 218, i t(e c!'s!tie !ctor /!s t(e %rierCs ne)"i)ence, t(e o/ner o t(e e(ic"e /(o /!s +resent is "i>e/ise (e"% "i!b"e i (eco'"% (!e +reente% t(e mis(!+ b* t(e eFercise o %'e %i"i)ence.

o/eer, in t(e c!se o Chapman vs. Underood : im+ort!nt

4n o/ner /(o sits in (is !'tomobi"e, or ot(er e(ic"e, !n% +ermits (is %rier to contin'e in ! io"!tion o t(e "!/ b* t(e +erorm!nce o ne)"i)ent !cts, !ter (e (!s (!% ! re!son!b"e o++ort'nit* to obsere t(em !n% to %irect t(!t t(e %rier 

ce!se t(ererom, becomes (imse" res+onsib"e or s'c( !cts, bot( crimin!""* !n% cii""*, or t(e res'"ts +ro%'ce% b* t(e!cts o t(e c(!'e'r. Hn t(e ot(er (!n%, i t(e %rier, b* ! s'%%en !ct o ne)"i)ence, !n% /it(o't t(e o/ner (!in) !

re!son!b"e o++ort'nit* to +reent t(e !ct or its contin'!nce, in'res ! +erson or io"!tes t(e crimin!" "!/, t(e o/ner o 

t(e !'tomobi"e, !"t(o')( +resent t(erein !t t(e time t(e !ct /!s committe%, is not res+onsib"e, eit(er cii""* or crimin!""*, t(ereor. #(e !ct com+"!ine% o m'st be contin'e% in t(e +resence o t(e o/ner or s'c( ! "en)t( o time

t(!t t(e o/ner, b* (is !c@'iescence, m!>es (is %rier !ct (is o/n.

#(e b!sis o t(e m!sterIs "i!bi"it* in cii" "!/ is t(e re"!tions(i+ o paterfamilias. #(e t(eor* is t(!t '"tim!te"* t(e ne)"i)ence o t(e

ser!nt, i >no/n to t(e m!ster !n% s'sce+tib"e o time"* correction b* (im, re"ects (is o/n ne)"i)ence i (e !i"s to correct it in or%er to

 +reent in'r* or %!m!)e.

Bn t(is c!se, ern!r%o (!s been ' (e #(!iCs %rier or !ro'n% 20 *e!rs +rior to t(e !cci%ent !n% ern!r%o (!s (!% no recor% o io"!tion

o tr!ic "!/s !n% re)'"!tions. No ne)"i)ence or (!in) em+"o*e% b* (im !t !"" m!* be im+'te% to (is m!ster. #(e c!r /!s not r'nnin) !!n 'nre!son!b"e s+ee%. ' (e #(!i (!% re!son to re"* on t(e s>i"" !n% eF+erience o (is %rier. The time element was such that there

was no reasonable opportunit for Yu Khe Thai to assess the ris!s involved and warn the driver accordin"l. 4ccor%in) to ' (e#(!i, (e t(o')(t t(!t i (e so'n%e% ! s'%%en /!rnin) it mi)(t on"* m!>e t(is %rier nero's !n% m!>e t(e sit'!tion /orse.

The test of imputed ne"li"ence under #rt. $%&' is( to a "reat de"ree( necessaril sub)ective. $!r o/ners !re not (e"% to ! 'niorm !n%in"eFib"e st!n%!r% o %i"i)ence !s !re +roession!" %riers. #(e test o (is t(e c!r o/nerCs ne)"i)ence, /it(in t(e me!nin) o 4rt. 218, is

(is omission to %o t(!t /(ic( t(e ei%ence o (is o/n senses te""s (im (e s(o'"% %o in or%er to !oi% t(e !cci%ent.