13 - dspace.nplg.gov.gedspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/8902/1/Liberali_2010_N26.pdf · sxva gamocemebi: `cxeli Sokoladi~, `cxeli Sokoladi _ literatura~, `biznesi: adamianebi, meTodebi,

fasi 2 lari

amnistia televiziebsCveni safulidan

36 000 00036 000 000

gv. 13

vano merabiSvilis interviu ̀ komersants~ gv. 15

sozar subari: vin aris qveynis baton-patroni? gv. 18

iago kaWkaWiSvili: gza Rirseuli damarcxebisken gv. 22

fokusi: revolucia yirgizeTSi gv. 34

moqalaqe fanCuliZe Jurnalist koberiZis winaaRmdeg gv. 6

mediamonitoringi #1 axali ambavi gv. 40

wminda cecxli rogorc piar-teqnologia gv. 42

gio axvlediani: salami qarTvel moragbeebs gv. 46

# 26 / 12 - 18 aprili / 2010

nomerSi:

02 redaqtori

04 mokled

06 vrclad

08 fotoreportaJi

10 ori azri

qarTveli samxedroebi

avRaneTis operaciaSi

aleqsandre rondeli v.s. irakli kakabaZe

12 Tvalsazrisi

komunikacia da investicia

mark maleni

13 mimoxilva

sagadasaxado

amnistia qarTuli

telearxebisTvis, Tu

subsidia saxelisuflebo

televiziebisTvis?

15 interviu

omi jer ar damTavrebula

Jurnalisturi gamoZieba

30 ̀ xeli xels hbans~ da

orive erTad `nacionalur

moZraobas~

fokusi: yirgizeTi 2010

34 morigi `saxalxo

revolucia~

36 politikuri krizisis

mizezebi

mRelvare molodini

sazogadoeba

38 faruli amnistia

40 mediamonitoringi

N1 axali ambavi

42 religia da politika

wminda cecxli, rogorc

piar-teqnologia

kultura

44 galobis raindebi

45 daria Tu avdaria, Turme

gigic magaria

Jurnali `liberali~ gamoicema fond `Ria sazogadoeba - saqarTvelos~

mxardaWeriT.

# 26 / 12 - 18 aprili / 2010

vano merabiSvili

18 Tvalsazrisi

vin aris qveynis baton-

patroni?

sozar subari

politika

20 isev erovnul-

ganmaTavisuflebeli

moZraoba

22 Tvalsazrisi

gza Rirseuli

damarcxebisken

iago kaWkaWiSvili

saubrebi liberalizmze

25 siZulvilis ena unda

isjebodes

ekonomika

27 biznesis keTebis

simartividan

saxelmwifoebriobis

warumateblobamde

garekanze:

amnistia televiziebsCveni safulidan

sporti

46 salami qarTvel

moragbeebs

qalaqSi moxetiale kacis

Canawerebi

48 proeqti - `dungCenebi

mtkvarze~

revolucia yirgizeTSi, biSkeki, 8 aprili 2010

1liberali . aprili 2010 . № 26

redaqtorebi: mTavari redaqtori Sorena SaverdaSvili /aRmasrulebeli redaqtori nino jafiaSvili / politika da saerTaSoriso ambebi sofo Waava / kavkasia da konfliqtebi sofo bukia / Jurnalisturi gamoZieba beso kurtaniZe / sazogadoeba Tamar babuaZe / adamianis uflebebi da samarTali nino beqiSvili / axali ambebi naTia axalaSvili redaqcia: foto-redaqtori levan xerxeuliZe / grafikuli dizaini Tornike lorTqifaniZe / redaqtor-stilisti nino svaniZe / koreqtori nino saiTiZegamomcemloba: proeqtis menejeri qeTi babunaSvili / proeqtis menejeris asistenti lela SubiTiZe / reklamis da gayidvebis direqtori Salva CubiniZe / marketingi da sazogadoebasTan urTierToba naTia rusaZe / distributori zviad Sengeliagamomcemeli: Sps `liberali~. misamarTi: Tbilisi 0162, faliaSvilis q. 108. tel.: (995 32) 232235, 233731, 912326. el-fosta: [email protected] sxva gamocemebi: `cxeli Sokoladi~, `cxeli Sokoladi _ literatura~, `biznesi: adamianebi, meTodebi, strategiebi~.`liberalis~ saavtoro uflebebi daculia. JurnalSi gamoqveynebuli masalebis nawilobrivi da/an mTliani gamoyeneba redaqciis Tanxmobis gareSe akrZalulia. beWdva: stamba `favoriti~. misamarTi: Tbilisi, CubinaSvilis q. 50. tel.: (995 32) 95 19 52. www.phfavorite.gegamodis kviraSi erTxel, yovel orSabaTs. pirveli nomeri gamocemulia 2009 wlis maisSi. rekomendebuli sacalo fasi 2 lari.

www.liberali.ge

redaqtori

ISSN 1987-7528

`liberalis~ mkiTxvelebs da gulSematkivrebsCvens vebgverdze da virtualur sivrceSi xSirad

vsaubrob xolme im siaxleebze, rac `liberalis~ Tavs xdeba, magram Jurnalis furclebze amis Sesaxeb araso-des dagviweria. amitom, gacnobT ramdenime axal ambavs `liberalis cxovrebidan~.

ramdenime kviris win germaniidan dagvirekes da gva-mcnes, rom germanuli fondi ZEIT (fondi `Tavisufali sityva~) da norvegiuli helsinkis komiteti `damouki-debeli da gabeduli Jurnalistikisa da mcire dro-Si miRweuli popularobisaTvis~ `liberals~ premiiT ajildoebdnen. jildos, 10 000 evros, maisSi, hamburgSi gadmogcemTo. didxans megona, rom viRac mexumreboda _ `liberalis~ cxovrebaSi sasiamovno siurprizebi iSvia-Tad xdeba. magram oficialuri werilebis miRebis Semdeg molocvebic SevifereT da is pasuxismgeblobac, rac `gabedul da damoukidebel~ Jurnalistikac sdevs Tan.

swored amitom, davisaxeT axali mizani _ `liberalis~ ufro met adamianamde mitana. Cveni amocanaa uaxloesi Tveebis ganmavlobaSi tiraJis gazrda. Jurnalis arse-bobisa da ganviTarebisaTvis Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom yovel orSabaTs, ar daizaroT, mixvideT jixurTan da SeiZinoT axali nomeri, an gamoiweroT, da is TviTon mova TqvenTan.

Cveni gamomcemloba imiT gexmarebaT, rom 2,80 laris nacvlad, `liberali~ axla ukve 2 lari Rirs. amisaTvis Jurnalis feradi gverdebis daTmoba mogvixda, rac arcTu umtkivneulo gadawyvetileba iyo redaqciisa-Tvis. magram Tavs vimSvidebT, rom `liberali~ pirvel rigSi Sinaarsia, faqtebze dayrdnobili reportaJebi da siRrmiseuli analizi, Jurnalisturi gamoZiebebi da uni-kaluri Tvalsazrisebi. amitom, vizualur feradovnebas

Sinaarsobrivi ukompromisoba da axali mkiTxvelebis gaCenis Sansi vamjobineT.

gamomcemlobis kidev erTi gadawyvetileba Cvens vebgverds ukavSirdeba. mimdinare ori nomris masalebi mxolod nawilobriv daideba liberali.ge-ze. esec imitom, rom ar gazarmacdeT. virtualurma `liberalma~ ki TqvenTvis aqtualoba rom ar dakargos, beWduri versiis ukve gaxsnil statiebTan erTad, ufro met veb-masalas SemogTavazebT da interaqciis met saSualebasac mog-cemT. orSabaTobiT, redaqtorebi mimovixilavT axal nomers, risi mosmenis saSualebac geqnebaT; Cveni re-portiorebi ki yoveldRiurad daweren blogebs axali ambebis `cxeli wertilebidan~. Tu saqarTvelos droze moevlina Cveni vebgverdis teqnikuri guru, sxva sikeTe-ebic iqneba, Tu arada, nel-nela unda gavikvaloT gza axal da rTul media garemoSi.

SabaTs, gamTeniisas, roca TvalebamoRamebulebi vuyu-rebT kompiuteris ekranebs da bolo statiebze muSaobas vamTavrebT, mgoni, yvelas erTi da igive kiTxva gvitria-lebs TavSi: rame Rirebuls mainc Tu vakeTebT? magram mere raRac jadoqrobebi xdeba xolme da axali maraTo-nic iwyeba.

Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi Sexvedrisas erT-erTma studentma aseTi ram gviTxra: `liberalis~ kiTxvisas mgonia, rom Tavisufal qveyanaSi vcxovrob~. ar vici, sasargebloa Tu ara es iluzia, magram vici, rom Tavisufleba erTaderTi ramea, risTvisac garja Rirs.

Sorena SaverdaSvili

mTavari redaqtori

[email protected]

2 liberali . aprili 2010 . № 26

TbilRvino

2009 wlis oqros brendi

2010 wlis martSi oqros brendis dajildoebaze

TbilRvinos oqros brendis tituli mieniWa.

oqros brendis dajildoebis ceremonia 2006

wlidan tardeba da is yvelaze prestiJul da

gavlenian biznes-dajildoebad aris aRiarebuli.

oqros brendi avlens da ajildoebs im kompaniebs,

romlebmac saqarTvelos bazarze brendingul

saqmianobaSi warmatebebs miaRwies da produqciis,

an kompaniis brendis cnobadoba ganamtkices.

12 aprilidan CNN-ze Tbilisidan pirda-

piri translaciebi iwyeba. CNN International-is I-List-is obieqtivSi saqarTvelo mTeli

aprilis ganmavlobaSi iqneba. am seriis

farglebSi erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi

Tbilisis droiT 00.30 saaTze jim qlansi

saRamos Sous W1 Tbilisidan warmoadgens

pirdapir eTerSi. gadacemaSi iqneba inter-

viuebi cnobil qarTvelebTan, magaliTad,

saqarTvelos patriarqTan da kalaTbur-

Tel zaza faCuliasTan. specialuri re-

portaJebi, qveyanaSi mimdinare procesebs

gaaSuqebs. mayurebels SesaZlebloba eZle-

va CNN-is vebgverdze saqarTvelos Sesaxeb

video da foto masala atvirTos.

I-List mayurebels sxvadasxva qveynebs ac-

nobs. aqamde maT obieqtivSi safrangeTi da

bahreini moxvdnen.

cesko-s gadawyvetilebiT, saarCevno ubnebze video saTval-

Tvalo kamerebis raodenoba 200-iT Semcirdeba. 945 kamera

mxolod Tbilisis, baTumisa da quTaisis saarCevno ubnebze

damontaJdeba. videoTvalebi moixsneba rusTavis, foTis, zug-

didis, goris, marneulis, dmanisis da axalqalaqis saarCevno

ubnebidan.

komisiaSi acxadeben, rom maT euTo-sa da veneciis komisiis

rCevebi gaiTvaliswines, romelTa Tanaxmadac, videoTvalebis

gamoyeneba rekomendebuli ar aris da aman, SesaZloa, amomrCe-

vlis „daSineba“ gamoiwvios.

euTo-s rekomendaciaSi isic weria, rom videokameris ga-

moyenebis SemTxvevaSi, sruli Canaweri unda iyos Ria. Tumca,

videoTvalis Canaweri arc sajaro informaciaa da xelmisa-

wvdomi mxolod misi 15-wuTiani monakveTia. Canaweris gamoTxo-

va mxolod saarCevno ubanSi myof uflebamosil pirs SeuZlia,

konkretuli droisa da darRvevis miTiTebis safuZvelze.

saqarTvelos parlamen-

tis sagareo urTierTo-

baTa komitetma 31 qveynis

sakanonmdeblo organos

mimarTa TxovniT _ afxazeTi

da samxreTi oseTi `ruse-

Tis okupaciis qveS myof

teritoriebad~ gamoacxadon

da aRiaron `ruseTis mier

ganxorcielebuli eTnikuri

wmenda~.

werili evrokavSiris wevr

20 saxelmwifos, aseve nor-

vegiis, islandiis, argenti-

nis, braziliis, meqsikis, avs-

traliis, axali zelandiis,

samxreTi koreis, iaponiis,

israelis da aSS-s sakanonm-

deblo organoebis sagareo

urTierTobaTa komitetebis

Tavmjdomareebs gaegzavnaT.

mokled

saqarTvelo CNN-ze

videoTvalebis raodenoba mcirdeba

parlamentis mimarTva

braldebulebi gasaCivrebas ver axerxebenmuxrovanis saqmis bral-

debulebi saapelacio

sasamarTloSi gasaCivrebas

ver axerxeben. bralde-

bulTa advokatebma saCi-

vriT Tbilisis sasamar-

Tlos kanoniT dadgenil

vadaSi sxvadasxva dros mi-

marTes. Tumca, saapelacio

sasamarTloSi saCivrebis

gadagzavna gviandeba.

advokatebs sasamarTloSi

eubnebian, rom Seferxebas

sxdomis oqmis moumzade-

bloba iwvevs. „gveubnebian,

rom oqmi 4 tomia, da misi

momzadeba ver eswreba.

Tumca, ukve yvela vadas

gadaaciles“, _ ambobs

levan amiriZis advoka-

ti ramin kvaracxelia.

kanonis Tanaxmad, sxdomis

oqmi msjavrdebulebs, an

gamarTlebulebs ganaCe-

nis gamotanidan maqsimum

5 dReSi unda gadaeceT.

Tumca, muxrovanis saqmis

ganaCenis gamocxadebidan

ukve 3 Tve gavida. ukrai-

nis axali politika

prezidentma viqtor

ianukoviCma ukrainis

nato-Si gawevrianebis

momzadebis sakiTxTa uwye-

baTSorisi komisia gaauqma.

misi meore brZanebulebiT

ki evroatlantikuri inte-

graciis sakiTxebis erov-

nuli centric gauqmda.

nato-s warmomadgeneli

karmen pomero ukrainis

prezidentis gadawyveti-

lebas evroatlantikur

integraciis komisiis

daSlis Taobaze qveynis

`Sida saqmeebs~ uwodebs.

dReisaTvis ukraina nato-s

yvela samxedro operacia-

Si monawileobs, maT Soris

_ avRaneTis operaciaSic.


`9 aprili yvelaze saSineli TariRia

saqarTvelos uaxles istoriaSi. am dRes

saqarTveloSi totaluri dabnelebis

triumfi daiwyo~.

giorgi maisuraZe

9 aprili, Facebook

`sakrebulo mTavari politikuri centri unda

gaxdes... sakrebuloSi damTavrdeba saakaSvilis

reJimi~.

inga grigolia

6 aprili, Tbilisi

òmi [ruseTTan] jer damTavrebuli ar aris~.

vano merabiSvili

7 aprili, `komersanti~

`Tu vanos [merabiSvili] Cafiqrebuli aqvs

arCevnebis gayalbeba, es Zalian Zvirad daujdeba,

SeiZleba sicocxlis fasadac~.

zurab noRaideli

8 aprili, Tbilisi

`rac me televiziiT am estakadis [vake-

saburTalos damakavSirebeli magistrali] gineba

vismine ... mainc gaviyvanT! ginda gvagineT da

ginda gvesroleT~.

mixeil saakaSvili

9 aprili, Tbilisi

òpoziciidan gamarjvebis yvelaze didi Sansi me

maqvs~.

nika ivaniSvili

9 aprili, Tbilisi

es yvelaferi [mSenebloba saqarTveloSi]

maSin xdeba, roca bolo dros Zalian bevrma

Camogvwera da Cvenze xeli Caiqnia”.

mixeil saakaSvili

9 aprili, Tbilisi

mokled

citatebi

vaSingtonSi 46 qveynis liders elian. samiti, romelic bir-

Tvuli iaraRis gauvrceleblobas exeba, 12-13 aprils gaimar-

Teba. es RonisZieba vaSingtonSi Casuli sxvadasxva qveynebis

pirveli pirebisTvis obamasTan Sexvedris kargi SesaZleblobaa.

Tumca, cxadia, rom aSS-s prezidenti yvela maTgans pirispir

ver Sexvdeba. miuxedavad imisa, rom saqarTvelos saelCo ecada,

saakaSvilisa da obamas Sexvedra Semdgariyo, da amas qarTuli

mxarec moeloda, aSS-s prezidenti mxolod 6 aprilis satele-

fono zariT Semoifargla.

ukve cnobilia, rom aSS-s prezidenti 9 qveynis liders Sexv-

deba, maT Soris _ somxeTis da yazaxeTis pirvel pirebs. obamas-

Tan Sexvedras ver SeZlebs TurqeTis premier-ministric.

samitamde ramdenime dRiT adre israelis premier-ministrma

neTaniahum gadawyvita, rom aSS-Si ar wava. amis mizezad ki

gavrcelebuli informacia saxeldeba, romlis Tanaxmadac, mu-

sulmanurma qveynebma (TurqeTi da egvipte), SesaZloa, israelis

birTvuli ganiaraRebis sakiTxi wamoWran samitze.

vin ver Sexvdeba obamas pirispir

diRomSi beliaSvilis quCaze mdebare stamba `TbiliselebSi~

winasaarCevno saagitacio masalebis wamosaRebad misul zurab

noRaidels da èrovnuli sabWos~ sxva liderebs stamba dalu-

quli daxvdaT. stambaSi Sesvlis uSedego mcdelobis Semdeg

èrovnuli sabWos~ liderebma da aqtivistebma quCis gadaketva

scades, rasac policiasTan dapirispireba mohyva. policiam

erovnuli sabWos 6 warmomadgeneli daakava, maT Soris _ yofi-

li deputati aleqsandre SalamberiZe. saqalaqo sasamarTlom 5

dakavebuli jarimebis (400-400 lari) dakisrebis Semdeg gaaTavi-

sufla. SalamberiZem ki mxolod sityvieri gafrTxileba miiRo.

"erovnuli sabWos" incidenti

ricxvebi

saavadmyofos mSeneblobis valdebuleba aiRo sa-qarTveloSi 9 sadazRvevo kompaniam.

qarTveli samxedro mosamsaxure avRaneTSi gae-mgzavra.

milioni evroTi daexmareba evrokavSiri saqar-Tvelos demokratiuli institutebis gaZlierebisTvis 2011-2013 wlebSi.

milioni mokle teqsturi Setyobineba igzavneba saSualod erT dReSi saqarTveloSi.

45

750

180

80

fo

to

Tem

o b

arZi

maSvi

li


orkviriani ganxilvis Semdeg `media

sabWom~ sabolood gamoaqveyna moqala-

qe r.f.-s saCivris safuZvelze ganxilu-

li saqme da vrceli teqstiT daasabuTa

sakuTari gadawyvetileba, rom naTia

koberiZem 13 marts qartiis pirveli

muxli daarRvia.

`r.f~, igive rusudan fanCuliZe, 61

wlis pensioneria. igi foTSi 3 wlis Svi-

liSvilTan erTad cxovrobs. 13 martis

`qronikam~ imdenad SeaSina, rom gabraze-

bulma naTia koberiZes uCivla. dRes is

sabWos gadawyvetilebiT kmayofilia.

erTi SexedviT, sabWos daskvna mar-

Tlac argumentirebulia, magram eTikis

standartebis darRvevaSi mxolod naTia

koberiZis dadanaSauleba naxevrad

simarTlea. telekompania ìmedisa~ da

misi Jurnalistebis Secdomis detalebi

dResac iseTive bundovania, rogorc

daskvnis gamoqveynebamde iyo.

`media sabWo~ gadawyvetilebis miRebi-

sas naTia koberiZis werilobiT pasuxebs

daeyrdno, radgan Jurnalistma qartias

undobloba gamoucxada da `media sa-

bWos~ sxdomas ar daeswro.

naTia koberiZis TanamSromloba qar-

tiasTan ara mxolod piradad misTvis,

aramed TviTon `media sabWosTvisac~

mniSvnelovani iyo. rogor ganixilavd-

nen TavianT pirvel saqmes _ am kiTxvaze

pasuxs sabWos sicocxlisunarianoba

unda ganesazRvra.

`media sabWom~ bolomde ar gamoiye-

na SesaZlebloba, rom koberiZisgan

maqsimalurad amomwuravi pasuxebi

mieRo. qartias SeeZlo gamoeCina meti

Zalisxmeva, rom Jurnalists piradad

gasaubreboda, Tundac amisTvis sxdoma

droebiT gadaedo.

`media sabWos~ Tavmjdomare eTer

TuraZe ganmartavs, rom sabWos wesdeba

sakiTxis ganxilvas werilobiTi formi-

Tac iTvaliswinebs. àmitom wesdeba ar

dagvirRvevia~.

Tavad naTia koberiZe sabWos arakom-

petentur organos uwodebs. misi TqmiT,

sabWos mizani ara simarTlis dadgena,

aramed misi dadanaSauleba iyo.

moqalaqe fanCuliZe Jurnalist koberiZis winaaRmdeg

naTia koberiZis saqmeze `media sabWos~ daskvna mxolod naxevrad simarTlea.

eka WiTanava

koberiZem sajarod ukve ganacxada,

rom protestis niSnad qartias tove-

bs. mediis Tavisuflebis sakiTxebis

specialisti zurab xrikaZe ki miiCnevs,

rom pirvelive saqmis aseTi SedegiT

dasruleba qartiis avtoritets zians

ayenebs.

daskvnaSi weria, rom qartiis pirve-

li muxli _ `pativi sces simarTles~,

Jurnalistisgan pasiur mdgomareobaSi

yofnas ki ar moiTxovs, aramed man unda

gaakeTos yvelaferi, raTa sazogadoebas

miawodos zusti informacia. `man SeiZ-

leba verc ki SeZlos sazogadoebisTvis

simarTlis Tqma, magram `pativiscema~

miuTiTebs mis Zalisxmevaze~. Tumca,

daskvnis gamoqveynebis Semdegac sazoga-

doebam bolomde ver gaigo, gamafrTxi-

lebeli titris dasadebad ra Zalisxme-

va gaswia koberiZem. `Cven es ar viciT,

magram vmsjelobT Sedegidan gamomdina-

re~, _ ganmartavs eTer TuraZe.

sabWosTvis daskvnis gasakeTeblad

sakmarisi aRmoCnda is faqti, rom ko-

beriZe titris dadebis aucileblobas

did mniSvnelobas aniWebda, magram es

pirdapir eTerSi ar gauprotestebia.

sabWos ar sjera koberiZis, rom man pir-

dapir eTeramde menejmentis gadawyve-

tilebis Sesaxeb araferi icoda.

`Tqveni azriT, qronikis gasvlisTa-

nave isterika unda ametexa? rodesac

yurSi meubnebodnen, _ bodiSi moixa-

de, xalxi SeSfoTdao, _ daaxloebiT

vxvdebodi, ra moxda. manjgalaZe rom

studiaSi davinaxe, kinaRam Cavikece,

magram arc erTi wuTiT ar mifiqria

korporatiuli interesebisgan gamijvna

da sakuTari poziciis dafiqsireba, miT

umetes _ eTeris CaSla!~ _ acxadebs `li-

beralTan~ interviuSi naTia koberiZe.

gamodis, rom naTia koberiZe ar emij-

neba sakuTari gundis gadawyvetilebas,

magram uars ambobs, ikisros `titris

dadebaze~ sakuTari wili pasuxismge-

bloba. `media sabWos~ gadawyvetilebis

erT-erTi safuZveli swored es winaaR-

mdegobrioba gaxda. sabWo samarTlianad

ganmartavs, rom `modelirebuli qroni-

ka~ naTia koberiZis saavtoro gadacemis

nawili iyo da gadacemis wamyvani, wesiT,

masze iseve agebda pasuxs, rogorc

Toq-Souze. `sabWo gadacemad miiCnevs

yvela wuTs _ sacnobi qudidan sacnob

qudamde da am yvelaferze, rac am dros

gadaica, avtoria pasuxismgebeli~.

èTikis principebi dairRva, ubralod

naklebad vmsjelobT im adamianebis

pasuxismgeblobaze, vinc dgas am yve-

lafris miRma. ise gamodis, rom naTia

koberiZeze gadatyda mxolod joxi~, _

aRniSnavs gazeT `rezonansis~ redaqto-

ri laSa tuRuSi. eTikis standartebi

rom dairRva, es gadacemis eTerSi

gasvlisTanave iyo cxadi. iqneb, eTikis

qartia swored im mxriv unda yofiliyo

`novatori~, rom saqmis srulfasovnad

gamokvleviT Jurnalistebs uneblie

Tu ganzrax daSvebuli Secdomis gaa-

zrebaSi daxmareboda.

naTia koberiZem Tavisi mniSvnelovani

arCevani maSin gaakeTa, roca ìmedis~

saredaqcio politikas SeuerTda da im

arxze daiwyo muSaoba, romlis xelmZR-

vaneli prezidentis megobari da mTa-

vrobis yofili wevri giorgi arvelaZea.

eTikis qartiisTvis ki es iyo pirveli

da SeiZleba yvelaze mniSvnelovani

saqme, imis gasarkvevad, Tu ramdenad

sando, avtoritetuli da efeqturia

TviTregulirebis es organo.

vrclad

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amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis administraciaSi gasuli kviris mTavari Tema birTvuli iaraRi iyo. qveynis prezidentma jer birTvuli Tavdacvis axali stra-tegia warmoadgina, Semdeg ruseTis federaciis prezidentTan erTad praRaSi strategiuli SeteviTi SeiaraRebis Sesaxeb ganaxlebul ormxriv SeTanxmebas moawera xeli.

amerikis birTvuli politikis gadaxedva yvela axali administra-ciis muSaobis dawyebisas xdeba. prezidentis mier warmodgeni-li axali strategiis Tanaxmad, sagrZnoblad Semcirda im garemo-ebaTa nusxa, roca aSS-s birTvuli iaraRis gamoyeneba SeuZlia. obamas administracia axali politikis Sesaxeb dokumentSi wers, rom birTvuli iaraRis gamoyeneba dasaSvebia mxolod gansakuTre-bul SemTxvevebSi _ `SeerTebuli Statebis an misi mokavSireebisa da partniorebis sasicocxlo intere-sebis dasacavad~.

strategiis Tanaxmad, aSS gamo-ricxavs atomuri iaraRiT pasuxs qveynis teritoriaze biologiuri, qimiuri da Cveulebrivi SeiaraRe-

obamas birTvuli politika amerikis SeerTebul Statebs axali birTvuli strategia aqvs da imedovnebs,

rom es birTvuli usafrTxoebisaken gadadgmuli kidev erTi nabijia.

naTia axalaSvili

biT Tavdasxmis SemTxvevaSi. Tumca, strategia mniSvnelovan pirobasac Seicavs: Tu qveynebi daemorCi-lebian birTvuli iaraRis gauvr-celeblobis xelSekrulebas, maT winaaRmdeg aSS birTvul iaraRs ar gamoiyenebs. es piroba iransa da CrdiloeT koreas ar exeba. amis mizezad aSS imas asaxelebs, rom es qveynebi birTvuli iaraRis gauvr-celeblobis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso normebs arRveven.

obamas strategia misi wina-morbedis, buSis mier 2002 wels gamoqveynebuli doqtrinisgan gansxvavebulia. wina doqtrina aSS-s uflebas utovebda qimiuri da biologiuri, aseve Cveulebrivi SeiaraRebiT Tavdasxmis pirobebSi, birTvuli iaraRi gamoeyenebina.

axali politikis Tanaxmad, SeerTebuli Statebi valdebulia usafrTxo da efeqturi birTvuli SeiaraRebis arsenali manamde Sei-narCunos, vidre birTvuli Seiara-Reba saerTod arsebobs. Tumca, aSS am sferoSi cdebs aRar Caatarebs da arc axal birTvul raketebs Seqmnis.

obamas TqmiT, es strategia im

Zalisxmevis kidev erTi etapia, ro-melic sabolood birTvul iaraR-ze uaris Tqmas gulisxmobs.

obamas axal doqtrinas kongres-Si `konservatorebi~ ar eTanxme-bian. isini prezidents urCeven, ar Seasustos qveynis mTavari `Semaka-vebeli potenciali~. doqtrinas `liberalebic~ akritikeben.

birTvuli SeiaraRebis erTi mesamediT Semcirebas iTvaliswi-nebs barak obamasa da ruseTis prezident dmitri medvedevis mier praRaSi xelmowerili strategiu-li SeteviTi SeiaraRebis Sesaxeb ormxrivi SeTanxmebac. xelmoweriT am pasuxismgeblobas orive qveyana iRebs.

birTvuli iaraRis gauvrcele-blobas Seexeba vaSingtonSi mo-maval kviras dagegmili samitic, romelsac, aSS-s garda, 46 qveynis pirveli piri daeswreba.

obamas imedi aqvs, rom vaSing-tonis samitis monawile qveyne-bi miiReben komunikes, romelic uaxloesi oTxi wlis ganmavlo-baSi msoflioSi yvela birTvuli masalis usafrTxod dakonservebas iTvaliswinebs.


fotoreportaJi

7 aprils vazianis samxedro bazaze qarTveli jariskacebis gacilebis ceremoniali gaimarTa. mesame brigadis 31-e batalionis 750-kaciani Semadgenloba avRaneTis yvelaze saxifaTo, helmandis regionSi aprilis bolomde ga-emgzavreba. ceremoniis oficialur nawils qarTuli da amerikuli samxedro delegaciebi eswrebodnen. qarTvelma jariskacebma 6-Tviani momzadeba vazianisa da krwanisis bazebze, aseve germaniis qalaq hohenfelsSi gaiares.

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7 aprils vazianis samxedro bazaze qarTveli jariskacebis avRaneTSi gacilebis ceremoniali gaimarTa. ceremonialis oficia-lur nawils qarTuli da ameriku-li samxedro delegaciebi, aseve saqarTvelos Tavdacvis ministri baCo axalaia da amerikis elCi saqarTveloSi jon basi eswrebod-nen.

mesame brigadis 31-e batalionis 750-kaciani Semadgenloba avRane-Tis yvelaze saxifaTo, helmandis regionSi gaemgzavreba. qarTveli samxedroebi monawileobas natos-s egidiT warmoebul saerTaSori-so usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyo-fis (ISAF) operaciaSi miiReben. rogorc Tavdacvis saministroSi acxadeben, batalioni saqarTve-los daaxloebiT or kviraSi apri-lis bolomde datovebs.

gacilebis ceremonialze saqar-Tvelos himnisa da samxedro mar-Sis Semdeg jariskacebs sabrZolo droSa gadasces. saqarTvelos SeiaraRebuli Zalebis gaerTiane-buli Stabis ufrosis moadgilem, polkovnikma arsen cuxiSvilma da amerikis sazRvao qveiTi Zalebis sardalma general-leitenantma riCard natonskim maTi momzade-bis dones maRali Sefaseba misces, da jariskacebs warmatebebi usurves.

„msoflio sazogadoebis yura-dReba avRaneTSi nato-s egidiT mimdinare samSvidobo opera-ciiskenaa mimarTuli, romelic msoflioSi usafrTxoebasa da stabilurobas emsaxureba. am

qarTveli jariskacebi avRaneTSi vazianis samxedro bazaze 31-e batalionis gacilebis

ceremoniali gaimarTa.

maia wiklauri

procesSi qarTuli qvedanayofis monawileoba saerTaSoriso usa-frTxoebaSi saqarTvelos wvlils zrdis“, _ ganacxada arsen cuxiS-vilma.

qarTvelma jariskacebma 6-Tvia-ni momzadeba vazianisa da krwa-nisis bazebze, aseve germaniis qalaq hohenfelsSi gaiares. aSS-s gaerTianebul mravalerovan mza-dyofnis centrSi maT adgilobri-vi specialistebi da amerikeli sazRvao qveiTebi utarebdnen wvrTnebs. qarTvelma jariskaceb-ma taqtikuri momzadeba, dacvis, Cxrekisa da wmendis, daSavebul-Ta evakuaciis procedurebi da mosaxleobasTan urTierTobebi Seiswavles.

oficialuri ceremoniis dasas-ruls Jurnalistebs mxolod erT samxedrosTan, maior aleqsandre ozbeTelaSvilTan gasaubrebis ufleba misces. „me var jariskaci da mivdivar samxedro operacia-Si monawileobis misaRebad. mzad var, yvela davaleba Sevasrulo. darwmunebuli var, warmatebu-lebi viqnebiT, radgan kargi momzadeba gaviareT“, _ ganacxa-da qarTvelma samxedrom. 31-e batalionis maiori saqarTveloSi meuRles da 2 Svils tovebs.

ozbeTelaSvilis batalionamde avRaneTSi 2009 wlis noemberSi ukve gaemgzavra SeiaraRebuli Zalebis erTi aseuli. qarTveli jariskacebi misias franguli kontingentis SemadgenlobaSi asruleben.

ikiTxeT

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blogi: maia wiklauri

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situaciaa CemTvis. imedia, yvelaze

kargad Tqven gamigebT - ra dReSi

var axla~, ùxerxuloba~ ingas,

romelic 10 weli pirdapir eTerSi

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aRmasrulebeli redaqtori


momxrealeqsandre rondelisaqarTvelos strategiisa da saerTaSoriso

urTierTobaTa kvlevis fondis prezidenti

saqarTvelos xelisuflebis gadawyvetileba qar-Tveli samxedroebis avRaneTis operaciaSi CarTvis Sesaxeb swori arCevania. nato-s egidiT warmoebuli samSvidobo misia avRaneTSi radikalur dajgufebas, Talibebs ebrZvis da msoflio usafrTxoebas icavs. swored amitom, Cveni aqtiuri monawileoba am koali-ciaSi Zalian marTebulia.

me amaSi ver vxedav qveynis militarizaciis safr-Txes. kavkasiaSi saqarTvelos yvelaze patara jari hyavs. Cveni armia yvelaze naklebad SeiaraRebulicaa. marTalia, iaraRis Sesyidva Zalian swrafad moxda da zogjer arasworadac, magram ZiriTadad imitom, rom amis gamocdileba ar gagvaCnia. strategiuli kultu-ra ar gvaqvs da TandaTanobiT xdeba Cveni strate-giuli xedvis, samxedro doqtrinis da interesebis Camoyalibeba, raSic am misiaSi monawileobac dagve-xmareba.

pirvel rigSi, Cven [saqarTvelos] araviTar SemTxve-vaSi xels ar gvaZlevs, rom avRaneTSi, Talibebis sa-xiT, radikalurma islamma gaimarjvos. Tu es moxda, radikaluri islamic da masTan dakavSirebuli tero-rizmis Zalian cudi talRa yvela mimarTulebiT ga-vrceldeba. is moicavs ara marto centralur azias, aramed kavkasias da Cven mezobel muslimanur qveyne-bsac, im xalxebs, romelTa garemocvaSic vcxovrobT. es niSnavs, rom saqarTvelos erovnul usafrTxoebas Zalian didi problemebi Seeqmneba.

meore argumenti isaa, rom nato-s operaciebSi Cveni CarTva politikurad aris gamarTlebuli. Cven viRebT garkveul valdebulebebs koaliciis mimarT, Sesabamisad, maTac aqvT garkveuli valdebulebebi. roca Cven ase aqtiurad vmonawileobT msoflio usa-frTxoebaSi da ar varT mxolod momxmareblebi, es niSnavs imas, rom nato-mac unda gadmogvxedos Cven. faqtia, rom es misia dasavlur samyaros da nato-s dagvaaxloebs. es is gamokveTili mizezia, ris gamoc, avRaneTSi samxedroebis gagzavna Rirs.

mesame mizezi is aris, rom saqarTvelos armia, Sei-Zleba iTqvas, nulidan Sendeba. sabWoTa kavSiris damxobis Semdeg Cveni SeiaraRebuli Zalebi ver vi-Tardeboda saTanadod. faqtobrivad, Cven ar dagvrCa oficerTa korpusi. ar gvyavs Sesabamisi kadrebi da unda vecadoT, gamoviyenoT yvela saSualeba axali Taobis gasazrdelad. oficerTa korpusi aris mTe-li SeiaraRebuli Zalebis ConCxi. amitom Cveni mona-wileoba samSvidobo operaciebSi, sxva ufro mowinave armiebTan erTad, Cveni samxedro, profesiuli donis amaRlebis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani iaraRia.

ori azri

qarTveli samxedroebi avRaneTis operaciaSi

faqtobrivad, jari wvrTnas brZolasTan miaxloe-bul situaciaSi gaivlis. helmandis provincia, sadac isini imsaxureben, erT-erTi yvelaze saSiSi regionia avRaneTSi. marTalia, iq klasikuri omi ar mimdina-reobs, mxolod partizanuli brZolebia, magram esec namdvili omia, romelic dakavSirebulia danakargTa-nac. amis miuxedavad, mainc kargi skola iqneba Cveni jariskacebisTvis, radgan aq dabrunebuli Cveni sa-mxedroebi iqnebian is birTvi, rac qarTul armias Za-lian waadgeba.

is, rom avRaneTSi 4 batalioni gaemgzavreba, niSna-vs, rom isini saTanado wvrTnas msoflioSi saukeTe-so, SeerTebuli Statebis armiasTan erTad gaivlian. maTTan erTad iqnebian nato-s sxva profesiulad ma-RalganviTarebuli jarebic. amaTTan erTad monawi-leoba ki didi skolaa CvenebisTvis. es skola daaCqa-rebs kargi liderebis, oficrebis, zemdegebis gamokveTas, vinc qarTuli armiis ganviTarebas unda Cauyaros safuZveli.


mowinaaRmdegeirakli kakabaZemwerali

Cems bavSvobaSi yvelaze ufro mtkivneuli salaparako

Tema iyo daRupuli qarTveli meomrebis avRaneTidan Ca-mosveneba. 80-ian wlebSi sabWoTa imperiam avRaneTSi, ìn-ternacionaluri valis moxdis~ mizniT, samxedro Zalebi Seiyvana. am saokupacio jarebSi araerTi qarTveli iyo. kargad maxsovs, rogor CamohqondaT avRaneTSi daRupu-li qarTveli meomrebis gvamebi da rogor ganicdida amas mTeli sazogadoeba.

avRaneTis ZaliT damorCileba istoriis manZilze mso-flios uZlieresma imperiebma ver SeZles. avRaneTis pro-blemis mogvareba SesaZlebelia antiinsurgenciuli kam-paniiT, romelic ZiriTadad ganviTarebis da Soft Power-is koncefcias eyrdnoba. TavisTavad am problemis samxedro

ori azri

qarTveli samxedroebi avRaneTis operaciaSi

gziT mogvareba SeuZlebelia. swored amitomac aris, rom avRanur da pakistanur operaciebs samxedro sferoSi anti-insurgenciis meTodis damamkvidrebeli generali petreu-si uZRveba. Tumca, miuxedavad amisa, mdgomareoba mainc Zalian mZimea. terorizmis safrTxis Semcirebas bevrad ufro mravalmxrivi, social-ekonomikuri midgoma sWirde-ba.

dRevandel socialur mecnierebebSi bevri laparakia imaze, rom realurad saqme `civilizaciaTa jaxSi~ sulac ar aris _ sinamdvileSi es aris dapirispireba `Crdilo-eTsa~ da `samxreTs~ Soris. CrdiloeTis ganviTarebul da mdidar saxelmwifoebs upirispirdeba Rataki sazogadoe-bebi, romelTa mosaxleobac gacilebiT aRemateba `ganvi-Tarebuli~ qveynebisas. mSvidobis mecnierebisa da ganvi-Tarebis dargis specialistebi yovelTvis aRniSnaven, rom sanam ar daiwyeba ganviTarebis farTomasStabiani pro-grama egreT wodebul `mesame msoflioSi~, gamoricxulia Zaladobrivi konfliqtebisa da terorizmis problemis mogvarebaze laparaki. cxadia, samxedro Zala mdidari da ganviTarebuli saxelmwifoebis mxares aris, magram adamianuri resursebis mxriv samxreTis qveynebs bevrad ufro didi potenciali aqvT.

saqarTvelos sakuTari prodasavluri orientaciisa da ganviTarebis dasamtkiceblad samxedro operaciebSi Cabma da qveynis mudmivi gasamxedroeba, Cemi azriT, ukan swevs qveyanas. mTavari iaraRi, romelic saqarTvelos SeiZle-ba hqondes yofil sabWoTa sferoSi, aris demokratia da Tavisufali sazogadoeba. ruseTs swored rom am maCvene-blebiT SegviZlia vajoboT. rac Seexeba samxedro poten-cialSi ruseTTan Sejibrs, vfiqrob, amas zaralis garda, sxva arafris motana ar SeuZlia qarTuli sazogadoebi-saTvis. saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier miRebul nebismier militaristul gadawyvetilebas ruseTi kidev ufro met pirdapir agresias daupirispirebs da saboloo jamSi ua-res Sedegs miviRebT.

mesmis, rom megobris _ riCard holbrukis saSualebiT saakaSvili cdilobs, daibrunos is `mniSvnelovani statu-si~, romelic buSis administraciis dros hqonda, magram vSiSob, es SeuZlebeli iqneba. SeerTebuli Statebi, ru-seTTan ganaxlebuli konfliqtis SemTxvevaSi, saqarTve-los samxedro daxmarebas ver aRmouCens da, aqedan ga-momdinare, qveyana katastrofis winaSe dadgeba.

erTaderTi gza damoukideblobis SenarCunebisaken aris demokratiis da Tavisuflebis xarisxis gazrda sazogado-ebaSi, rac kontrasts Seqmnis ruseTTan da msoflio sa-zogadoebriv azrs Cvens sasargeblod Secvlis. dRes ki am mxriv saqmeebi kargad ar aris _ saqarTvelosa da ruseTis avtokratiul reJimebs daaxloebiT erTnair Sefasebas aZ-leven msoflio presa da uflebadacviTi organizaciebi. samxedro ZaliT ki ruseTTan Sejibrs azri ar aqvs.

aqedan gamomdinare, daskvna calsaxaa _ nebismieri nabiji qarTuli sazogadoebis militarizaciisa da gasamxedroe-bisken aris saqarTvelos damoukideblobis winaaRmdeg mi-marTuli nabiji, romelic ruseTis imperias amjerad ukve mTeli qveynis okupaciis kidev erT sababs miscems.

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vinmes SeuZlia imisi gaxseneba, ras niSnavda Sevard-naZis dros biznesis keTeba? es iyo sruliad sxva epoqa, romelic sabednierod warsuls Cabarda. me daveswari ramdenime RonisZiebas, sadac amJamindeli xelisufleba cdilobda saqarTveloSi investiciebis mozidvas. isi-ni ambobdnen, rom amJamad saqarTveloSi biznesisTvis saxarbielo klimatia Seqmnili da samagaliTod warma-tebuli SemTxvevebi mohyavdaT. am RonisZiebidan da-mswreebi dainteresebulni wavidnen. CNN-sa da BBC-zec saqarTveloSi investirebis Sesaxeb ZviradRirebuli reklamebi gadis.

amis miuxedavad, TbilisSi xSirad gaigonebT, rom biz-nesebi ukanonod ixureba, sabanko angariSebidan Tanxebs xsnian da sxva iseT saqmianobebs sCadian, rac OECD-is (ekonomikuri ganviTarebisa da TanamSromlobis organi-zacia) qveynebSi ar xdeba. ne-bismieri, vinc saqarTveloSi realur investicias gana-xorcielebs, msgavs ambebs aucileblad gaigonebs.

mTavroba an damamtkice-bel sabuTebs moiTxovs, an ityvis, rom daxuruli bi-znesebi gadasaxadebs Tavs aridebdnen. gadasaxadisgan Tavis aridebis faqtebs saqarTveloSi mravlad SevxvdebiT, Tumca aris iseTi biznesebic, romlebic yovelgvari kanonieri mizezis gareSe ixureba. miuxedavad amisa, investori rodesac ramdenime sando wyarosgan ismens msgavs ambebs, misTvis ukve es informacia sakmarisia, rom gadawyvetileba mii-Ros. investiciis ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb gadawyveti-lebis miReba damamtkicebel sabuTebs ar saWiroebs. es subieqturi gadawyvetilebaa imis Sesaxeb, Tu ramdenad sandoa qveyana biznesis keTebisTvis. yvela namdvili in-vestori am ambebs aucileblad gaigebs.

amave dros arsebobs biznesebi, romlebic warmatebu-lad viTardeba, zogierTi _ Zalian warmatebuladac, da maT mTavrobasTan seriozuli kavSirebi ar aqvT. Zalian bevri axali biznesia. aseTi tipis biznesebis warmoe-ba SevardnaZis dros gamoricxuli iyo da Savi zRvis aRmosavleTiT isini dResac iSviaTad gvxvdeba. msgavsi faqtebi mTavrobis mtkicebas saqarTveloSi megobruli

biznesgaremos Sesaxeb met damajereblobas sZens. kri-tikosebi ityodnen, rom es SeuZlebelia da rom war-matebul biznesebsac aucileblad eyolebaT „kriSa“ mTavrobaSi. kritikosebi cdebian, radgan ramdenime da-moukidebeli biznesi namdvilad vici.

imaTTvis, vinc makroekonomikur suraTs uyurebs, si-tuacia gacilebiT uaresia. mTavrobis vali izrdeba; arCevnebisTvis bevri fuli daixarja. zewola gaizrde-ba maTze, vinc samTavrobo fondebs avsebs. ra moxdeba wlis bolos? da visTvis moxdeba?

xelisufleba xuravs biznesebs, romlebsac mciredi darRvevebi hqondaT da sabanko angariSebze reidebs axorcielebs, amave dros arsebobs biznesebi, romle-bic mTavrobasTan kavSiris gareSe viTardebian. aqedan

gamomdinare, rogor unda gansajos potenciurma in-vestorma, daabandos Tu ara kapitali saqarTveloSi? gaiTvaliswineT, rom inves-torebi, romlebic saqarTve-los akvirdebian, amave dros akvirdebian sxva qveynebsac, romlebsac sakmaod sando biznesgaremo aqvT Seqmnili. saqarTvelom Tavisi upira-

tesoba unda daamtkicos.biznesmenebs yvelaze metad ainteresebT, ramdenad

prognozirebadia esa Tu is saqme. Tu investorebma ician, Tu ra mouva an ra ar mouva maT bizness moma-valSi, isini fulis Sovnis gzas yovelTvis monaxaven. maT ar sWirdebaT Zalian dabali gadasaxadebi, ubra-lod unda icodnen, rom fuli maT sabanko angariSebze usafrTxod iqneba. maT ar sWirdebaT arc „kriSa“, maT-Tvis mxolod imis codnaa aucilebeli, rom Tu wesebis mixedviT iTamaSeben, maT biznesebs araferi mouva.

imedi maqvs, rom im maRali Tanamdebobis pirebs, visac qveyanaSi investiciebis mozidva aRelvebs, kontaqti aqvT maTTan, visac saqarTveloSi biznesebis daxurva da sabanko angariSebidan Tanxis amoReba SeuZlia. rogorc Cans, SecdomiT, es ori mxare erTmaneTis winaaRmdeg mu-Saobs.

inglisuridan Targmna giorgi cxadaiam

komunikacia da investicia

Tvalsazrisi

mTavrobis vali izrdeba;

arCevnebisTvis bevri fuli

daixarja. zewola gaizrdeba

maTze, vinc samTavrobo fondebs

avsebs. ra moxdeba wlis bolos?

da visTvis moxdeba?

saqarTvelos xelisufleba xuravs biznesebs, romlebsac mciredi

darRvevebi aqvT, amave dros ki arsebobs biznesebi, romlebic

mTavrobasTan kavSiris gareSe viTardebian. rogor unda gansajos

potenciurma investorma, daabandos Tu ara kapitali saqarTveloSi?

mark maleni


sagadasaxado amnistia qarTuli

telearxebisTvis, Tu subsidia

saxelisuflebo televiziebisTvis?

`saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelo~

sagadasaxado amnistia finansur SeRavaTebs xelisuflebisadmi erTgul televiziebs

ise sTavazobs, rom mflobelebisa da finansebis gaumWvirvalobis sakiTxi dRis

wesrigSi ar dgeba. es gadawyvetileba kidev ufro amcirebs damoukidebeli arxebis

konkurentunarianobas mediabazarze.

saqarTveloSi televiziebs, gada-saxadebisa da jarimebis saxiT, 36 milioni laris (20,6 milioni aSS do-laris) davalianeba daugrovdaT sa-xelmwifos mimarT. mTavrobam cota xnis win parlaments gansaxilvelad warudgina kanonproeqti sagadasa-xado kodeqsSi cvlilebebis Setanis Sesaxeb, romelsac albaT parlamen-ti male daamtkicebs da romlis mi-xedviTac, yvela televizia, regio-nulic da erovnulic, sagadasaxado amnistias miiRebs.

mimoxilva

finansuri amnistiiT yvelaze me-tad saxelisuflebo politikuri kursis gamtarebeli da gasaidumlo-ebuli mflobelebis xelSi myofi ori umsxvilesi telearxi, ̀ rusTavi 2~ da ìmedi~ ixeireben, iseve rogorc se-riozuli finansuri problemebis wi-naSe myofi sazogadoebrivi mauwyebe-li. Tumca kanonproeqtSi naTqvamia, rom Sewyalebis aqtiT mosargeble telearxebis sia ar gasajarovdeba, radgan, sagadasaxado kodeqsis Tana-xmad, es daxuruli informaciaa.

Tebervlis bolos parlamentSi prezidentma saakaSvilma Tavis mi-marTvaSi ganacxada: `yvela televi-zias aqvs sagadasaxado davalianeba, gansakuTrebiT regionul televi-ziebs, amitom me vacxadeb finansur amnistias yvela televiziisTvis, romelic regionSi mauwyeblobs~. Tumca, zogierTi damkvirvebeli aR-niSnavs, rom 36 milionidan, yvelaze bevri, 5-6 milioni Tu modis regio-nuli televiziebis sagadasaxado davalianebebsa da jarimebze (gaze-

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`nacionaluri moZraobis~ mier, an adgilobriv administraciebTan da-axloebuli pirebis de faqto kon-trolis qveS imyofebian.

`saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ angariSSi saqarTve-los satelevizio sivrcis Sesaxeb naTqvamia, rom ramdenime satele-vizio arxi, maT Soris `rusTavi 2~ da ìmedi~, satelevizio reklamis-gan miRebuli mogebis garda, sxva wyaroebidanac iReben dafinansebas. Tumca, bevri satelevizio arxis subsidirebis es wyaroebi, iseve ro-gorc maTi mflobelebis vinaoba, ga-mWvirvale ar aris.

Tumca, cxadia, rom qarTul me-diabazarze TamaSis wesebi uTa-nasworoa. `kavkasias~ da `maestros~ xelmZRvanelebi, iseve rogorc sxva damoukidebeli mediasaSualebebis mflobelebi, acxadebdnen, rom mTa-vrobis mxridan zewola iZulebuls

xdida potenciur klientebs, Tavi SeekavebinaT kritikulad ganwyobil televiziebSi reklamis ganTavsebis-gan. marTalia, xelisuflebis mxri-dan aseTi saxis Careva ar dastur-deba, faqtia, rom reklamis bevr potenciur SemkveTs sjera am xmebis da mainc Tavs ikavebs reklamis gan-Tavsebisgan im televiziebis eTerSi, romlebic kritikulni arian xeli-suflebis mimarT.

yuradsaRebia ara marto is gare-moeba, rom sagadasaxado amnistiis kanonproeqti parlamentSi 30 mai-sis adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebamde ramdenime kviriT adre Sevida, aramed isic, rom es amnistia srul winaaRmdegobaSi modis Se-mosavlebis samsaxuris wina wlebis politikasTan, rodesac es samsaxu-ri devnida da ajarimebda gadasaxa-debis damalvaSi eWvmitanil yvela kompanias. es amnistia moralur sa-frTxesac Seicavs. arxebs, romel-Tac aSkarad gamoxatuli pro-saxe-

lisuflebo saredaqcio politika aqvT, SesaZloa, momavalSic aRar moundeT gadasaxadebis gadaxda, im imediT, rom or-sam weliwadSi axali sagadasaxado amnistia gamocxadde-ba. gadasaxadebis gadauxdeloba ki am televiziebs politikuri gavle-nebisaTvis potenciurad iol sami-zned aqcevs.

saqarTvelos satelevizio se-qtorSi biznesis gaerTianeba aras-dros momxdara. dRes 40-50 televi-zia mauwyeblobs qveynis masStabiT, maT Soris bevria Zalian patara, re-gionuli arxi. miuxedavad imisa, rom teleseqtorSi reklamebis Sesaxeb mwiri da xSirad arasando monace-mebi vrceldeba, mainc SeiZleba ga-movTvaloT, rom saerTo sareklamo Semosavali mTel televiziebze 30 milion dolars (52.3 milioni lari) ar aRemateba. gamodis, rom 36 mi-lioni laris odenobis sagadasaxa-

do amnistia kerZo telearxebis yo-velwliuri sareklamo Semosavlebis daaxloebiT 70 procentis tolia.

Tu mTavroba finansuri amnistiis gamocxadebiT miznad isaxavs WeSma-ritad damoukidebeli da plura-listuri satelevizio sivrcis Se-qmnas, man sxva gzebi unda moZebnos dafinansebis wyaroebis Sesaqmnelad im arxebisTvis, romlebic qarTve-lebs Rirebul programebs sTava-zoben. xelisuflebam unda gansa-zRvros specialuri kriteriumebi da is teleproduqtebi, romelTac Tanadafinansebis miReba damoukide-beli organosgan SeeZlebaT.

Tumca, warmodgenili kanonproeqti ZiriTadad finansur SeRavaTebs sTa-vazobs xelisuflebisadmi erTgul televiziebs ise, rom teleseqtoris mflobelebisa da finansebis gau-mWvirvalobis sakiTxi dRis wesrigSi arc dgeba. es garemoeba ki damouki-debeli arxebis konkurentunariano-bas kidev ufro amcirebs.

Ti `rezonansi~, 7 aprili).finansuri amnistiis erT-erTi

beneficiari iqneba `25-e arxi~, da-moukidebeli televizia baTumSi, romelsac 277 500 laris odenobis davalianeba 2004 wlamde daugro-vda. am arxis mflobelebi uars am-boben valis gadaxdaze da acxadeben, rom im periodSi, rodesac vali da-grovda, isini mxolod formalurad iTvlebodnen televiziis mflobe-lebad da televizias sinamdvileSi adgilobrivi mmarTveli alsan aba-SiZe akontrolebda.

`saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ mier Catarebuli kvlevis mixedviT, bevr regionul televizias oficialurad floben, akontroleben an afinanseben pire-bi, romlebic mWidro kavSirSi arian adgilobriv xelisuflebasTan, an imarTebian `nacionaluri moZra-obis~ mier. rogorc Cans, am tele-

arxebis nawilic naxavs finansur sargebels sagadasaxado amnistiiT.

amisagan gansxvavebiT, opoziciu-ri partiebis mimarT loialur da xelisuflebis mimarT kritikul te-learxebs `kavkasias~ da `maestros~ (televiziebi, romlebic TbilisSi mauwyebloben), maTive gancxadebiT, sagadasaxado davalianeba ar aqvT. es sarwmuno unda iyos, radgan xe-lisuflebis mimarT kritikulad ganwyobili arxebi, gadasaxadebis gadauxdelobis SemTxvevaSi, saga-dasaxado samsaxurisa da finansuri policiis ioli samizneebi iqnebod-nen.

faqtia, rom roca zogi televizia pirnaTlad ixdis biujetSi, xolo zogi Tavs aridebs milionobiT la-ris savaldebulo gadasaxads, iqm-neba arasamarTliani konkurencia satelevizio bazarze. mogebuli rCebian is arxebi, romelTa sare-daqcio politika keTilganwyobi-lia xelisuflebis mimarT, imarTeba

Tu mTavroba finansuri amnistiis gamocxadebiT miznad isaxavs damoukidebeli da

pluralisturi satelevizio sivrcis Seqmnas, man sxva gzebi unda moZebnos dafinansebis wyaroebis

Sesaqmnelad im arxebisTvis, romlebic qarTvelebs Rirebul programebs sTavazoben.


saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa ministrma, vano merabiSvilma, rome-lic prezident mixeil saakaSvilis uaxloes TanamebrZolad iTvleba, olga alionovas uambo, Tu rogor afasebs saqarTvelos xelisufleba momaval municipalur arCevnebSi opoziciis Sansebs; aseve man imsje-la saqarTvelos urTierTobaze ruseTTan da dasavleTTan.

momavali adgilobrivi arCevnebi SeiZleba xelisuflebisTvis siur-prizad iqces?

ara mgonia. imitom, rom Cven (saxelisuflebo partias _ red.) maRali reitingi gvaqvs. TbilisSic ki dRes 64% gvaqvs. msoflioSi co-taa iseTi qveyana, sadac mmarTveli partia dedaqalaqSi xmaTa 64%-s agrovebs. es mxolod imitom ar xdeba, rom Cven varT aseTi kargebi, aramed imitomac, rom opoziciam

gamoamJRavna, rasac sinamdvileSi warmoadgens. da es maRali reitin-gebi arc ise kargia CvenTvis.

ratom?arCevnebze xmebis dakleba mo-

gviwevs (icinis). vxumrob.

.iciT, ra aris xelisuflebis amxela reitingis mizezi?

warmatebuli reformebi, pirvel rigSi.

da Tuki saqarTvelos momdevno prezidenti opoziciis erT-erTi lideri gaxdeba, magaliTad irakli alasania, reformebis kursi Senar-Cundeba?

alasania prezidenti ver gaxdeba, Sansi ara aqvs. alasania SevardnaZis revanSistia. aba, vin gaxdeba?

dro gviCvenebs.

opozicia verc Tbilisis meris arCe-vnebs moigebs?

gigi ugulavas reitingi 64%-ia; alasaniasi _ 9%, TofaZis _ 6%, gaCeCilaZis _ 2,6%.

opozicionerebi sxva cifrebs asaxe-leben.

ho, ra Tqma unda.

magram 2008 wlis ianvarSi sapre-zidento arCevnebze gaCeCilaZem saakaSvils TbilisSi mougo.

ra ar xdeba. iuSCenkom Tavbru-damxvevi gamarjvebidan xuTi wlis Semdeg xmaTa sul xuTi procenti miiRo.

`zemo larsis~ sasazRvro-gamSvebi punqtis gaxsnis Semdeg nino burja-naZe moskovSi imyofeboda, da masTan Sexvedrisas vladimir putinma am gamSvebi punqtis gaxsnas saqarTve-lo-ruseTis urTierTobis SesaZlo ganviTarebis magaliTi uwoda. saqarTveloSi es bevrs ar moewona, adamianebma gadawyvites, rom Tqven

omi jer ar damTavrebula rusuli gazeTis `komersantis~ interviu saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa ministrTan

vano merabiSvilTan

07.04.2010

vano merabiSvilma momaval arCevnebTan dakavSirebiT da ruseTTan urTierTobis

Sesaxeb `komersants~ sakuTari mosazreba gauziara.

givi TargamaZem 2008 wlis agvistoSi rus samxedroebs 50 aTasi dolari SesTavaza, gorSi stalinis Zegli rom daengriaT. maSin xom araoficialuri kontaqtebi iyo, da fuliT rusebisgan raRacebis gamosyidva SeiZleboda. gori xom dabombes, magram stalinis qandakebisTvis xeli ar uxliaT.

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garkveul daTmobaze waxvediT ru-seTis xelisuflebasTan, romelic aqamde ar uSvebs Tavis teritoriaze saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs.

ratom ar unda gagvexsna es punqti? Cven gaxsnilebi varT. arc Cven gavcemT iq vizebs (ufro sworad, mxolod mZRolebs vaZle-vT vizebs), imitom, rom ruseTi ar gascems vizebs Cvens moqalaqeebze. metic, ruseTis mxare am punqti-dan ar atarebs ara dsT-s moqala-qeebs.

ra sargebeli aqvs TqvenTvis am punqtis gaxsnas? amiT xom mxolod somxeTi igebs.

ubralod, kargi mezoblebi varT.

nino burjanaZis moskovSi vizitis mimarT ra damokidebuleba gaqvT?

ra damokidebuleba SeiZleba mqondes. jer iyo giorgaZe, mere ebraliZe mere noRaideli. axla burjanaZe. moskovSi saqarTveloze pasuxismgebloba primakovs daakis-res, da zustad amis Semdeg gaCnda

proeqti _ bagrationebis gvaris STamomavali qarTveli mefis Sesa-xeb. memkvidre saswrafod daaqorwi-nes am gvaris sxva Stos warmomad-genel qalze, Tanac amisTvis misi qmarTan gayra dasWirdaT. da ra? es proeqtic am qorwinebasTan er-Tad CaiSala. moskovSi gamudmebiT eZeben Semcvlels saqarTveloSi, magram es Zebna uperspeqtivoa. gadaxedeT, ra reitingi aqvT am adamianebs saqarTveloSi, da yvela-feri naTeli gaxdeba.

bolo dros moskovsa da Tbiliss Soris ar arsebobs aranairi konta-qti, gamonaklisia _ saeklesio xazi. gagonili maqvs, rom saqarTvelos xelisuflebas gulze ar exateba saqarTvelosa da ruseTis eklesiebs Soris es pirdapiri kavSiri.

ukomentarod.

es xom mxolod saeklesio kavSiria?ar arsebobs `mxolod~.

`pirveli kavkasiuri~ bevrs Tqven proeqtad miaCnia. raSi sWirdeba sa-qarTvelos xelisuflebas es arxi?

Cven Tavi unda davicvaT. erTi CeCeni, moskoveli oligarqi Cems me-gobarTan saubarSi CeCneTis xeli-suflebas lanZRavda, da kiTxvaze _ `rodis damTavrdeba CeCneTSi es yvelaferi~, ase upasuxa: `rogor damTavrdeba, qarTvelebic ki Cven gvexmarebian~. qarTvelebi dau-morCileblobis simbolod iqcnen maTTvis, vinc ruseTSi Tavs dau-cvelad grZnobs.

afxazeTisa da samxreTi oseTisTvis ruseTs samagieros uxdiT?

ubralod, omi jer ar dasrule-bula.

saomari Tu politikuri Tvalsazri-siT?

nebismieri TvalsazrisiT. ma-gram Cven im frontze vimarjve-

bT, sadac ufro Zlierebi varT. vidre ruseTSi ilaparakeben, rom saqarTveloSi kargi reformebi gatarda, Cven mogebulebi viqne-biT. imitom, rom reformebi da demokratia _ es erTi da igivea. da imitom, rom ruseTSi es ar aris. da kidev imitomac, rom Cven da Tqven ukve gansxvavebuli faseulobebi gvaqvs. iciT, givi TargamaZem 2008 wlis agvistoSi rus samxedroebs 50 aTasi do-lari SesTavaza, gorSi stalinis Zegli rom daengriaT. maSin xom araoficialuri kontaqtebi iyo, da fuliT rusebisgan raRacebis gamosyidva SeiZleboda. gori xom dabombes, magram stalinis qan-dakebisTvis xeli ar uxliaT.

ra upasuxes givi TargamaZes?Seuracxyofilebi darCnen. sxva

yvelaferSi SeeZloT fuli aeRoT, magram amaSi _ ara.

anu, gindaT TqvaT, rom Cven sabWoe-Tis droindeli faseulobebi gvaqvs, Tqven ki _ evropuli?

Tqven TviTon ambobT amas. me sxvanairad vityvi. msoflioSi arse-bobs mxolod ori gza _ an dasa-vluri kulturisken mimavali, an _ arsaiT. Cven pirveli gziT mivdi-varT. Tqven? kargi ra moxda Tqvens qveyanaSi bolo wlebis manZil-ze? mezoblebs waeCxubeT. Tqveni eSiniaT. erTmaneTisac geSiniaT. Tqveni sazogadoeba miliciasTan saomar mdgomareobaSia. ra aSenda TqvenTan bolo aTi wlis ganmavlo-baSi? amitomac Tqven saqarTvelos oms ver mougebT.

omis mosagebad Senebis codna auci-lebeli ar aris.

aucilebelia. bolo aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi TqvenTan mxolod soWis proeqti gaCnda. Cven Tavi-dan avaSeneT mTeli qalaqebi. sxva mizezic arsebobs. Tqvens Cinovni-kebs dasavleTis eSiniaT, radgan im azriT gaizardnen, rom `cereu~ `kagebeze~ Zlieria. kidev imitom, rom dasavleTis unda geSinodes, Tuki fuli dasavleTis bankebSi gaqvs Senaxuli.

ai, Tqven ambobT, rom aSenebT, magram afxazeTSi, Tqven ki ara, rusi inves-torebi aSeneben. samxreT oseTSic aseve rusi samxedroebi dganan, da Tqven iqac ver aSenebT. iq rogorRa apirebT gamarjvebas?

afxazeTisa da samxreTi oseTis bedi afxazeTsa da samxreT oseTSi ki ar wydeba, aramed adamianebis _ qarTvelebis, rusebis goneba-Si. rac ufro warmatebuli iqneba Cveni Sss-s, jandacvis, ganaTlebis reformebi, miT metad dauaxlo-vdeba cxinvali Tbiliss; radgan msoflioSi ar arsebobs preceden-ti, rom okupirebul teritoriaze raime aSendes. es igivea, qviSaze rom aiSeno saxli. SeiZleba aSendes yazarmebi, magram investiciebi iq ar Caideba.

gonier dasavleTs Cven vuyvarvarT. ubralod,

gadawyvetilebebs Tavadve viRebT. aravis vusmenT.


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magram afxazeTSi sxva situaciaa. soWis olimpiada afxazeTis mimarT interess aZlierebs.

ocnebas kaci ar mouklavs. iq sazogadoeba ar arsebobs. baRafSi prezidenti imitom ki ar gaxda, rom arCevnebi moigo, aramed imitom, rom kremlTan saerTo ena gamonaxa.miTxariT, ratom ar atarebs baRaf-Si reformebs? iq gadawyvetilebis miRebis Tavisufleba ar arsebobs; kremlze arian damokidebulebi. iq demokratia ar aris.

saqarTveloSi aris demokratia?Tqveni azriT, ar aris?

me mgoni, ukrainaSi aris demokratia, saqarTveloSi ki _ ara.

ratom?

Tqven Tavisufali televizia ar gaqvT.

CarTeT televizori da nebismier opozicioners naxavT, romelic mogwonT.

ho, magram es xelisuflebis mier kontrolirebuli arxebia. ukrainaSi ki uamravi arxia, romlebic xelisu-flebas er eqvemdebareba.

da amitom iq demokratiaa? es ra demokratiaa, rodesac iseTi kandidati imarjvebs, romelmac 3%-iT meti xma daagrova, es 3% ki imis damsaxurebaa, rom erT olqSi amomrCevelTa 97% mivida saarCevno ubnebze? qveynis dasavleT nawilSi arCevnebze isini mividnen, visac misvla undoda, aRmosavleT olqe-bSi ki yvela mivida. namdvili de-mokratia is aris, rodesac xelisu-fleba wesierad atarebs arCevnebs. saqarTveloSi Tu ginaxavT iseTi regioni, sadac arCevnebze daswre-bis maCvenebeli 97% iyo?

ukrainaSi arsebobs kanoni, romlis mixedviTac, Tuki `gai~-s TanamSromeli 200 grivenze nakleb qrTams aiRebs, avtoinspeqciaSi 500 dolaris jarimas gadaixdis, da SeuZlia samsaxuri gaagrZelos. esaa demokratia? verc ki warmomidgenia es rogor SeiZleba moxdes. CvenTan mobilur telefonebsac ki aRar

iparaven, imitom rom amisTvis 5 wliT cixeSi svamen.

Tqven mkacri meTodebiT gindaT kanonierebisa da demokratiis daner-gva. ukrainaSi ki es sxvagvarad xdeba.

ukrainaSi kanons ar amkvidreben, amitomac aris iq kanonTan pro-blemebi. demokratiuli ukraina _ kliSea. ubralod, xuTosnebi ar uyvarT. samosnebi uyvarT. amitom, rodesac iuSCenkom waago, yvelam Tqva, rom es kargia, da es demokra-tiaa. saqarTveloSi ki saakaSvilma rom moigo, yvelam Tqva, rom es demokratia ar aris.

es kliSe dasavleTs aqvs?yvelas.

iqneb dasavleTs nawilobriv axarebs kidec iuSCenkos damarcxeba, imitom rom ruseTsa da ukrainas Soris kon-fliqti aRmoifxvra, saqarTvelosa da ruseTs Soris ki _ ara.

ianukoviCi eqvs TveSi waeCxube-ba moskovs, rogorc ki fulisa da Tanamdebobebis gayofaze daiwye-ba laparaki. rodesac putini mas vinme Tavisianis daniSvnas, an vinmes interesis lobirebas mosTxovs, mTeli maTi megobroba dasruldeba. CvenTanac ase iyo.

TiTqos gulgatexilebi xarT dasav-lel partniorebze?

ara, ratom? gonier dasavleTs Cven vuyvarvarT. ubralod, gadawyvetile-bebs Tavadve viRebT. aravis vusmenT. iyaviT karaleTSi Cvens specbazaze? iq Cveni specdaniSnulebis razmi Tqveni samxedroebis pirispir dgas. maTTvis `kobra~-s javSanmanqanebi SeviZineT, Tumca evropelebi winaaR-mdegi iyvnen, _ rusebis provocireba rad gindaTo. magram ar davuje-reT evropelebs, da axla im zonaSi moklulebi aRar gvyavs.

anu evropelebs yovelTvis ar unda usmino?

me vityodi, rom _ TiTqmis arasdros.

rusulidan Targmna nino svaniZem

Jurnalis gamosawerad

dagvikavSirdiT telefonebze:

23 37 31, (899) 48 62 41

an mogvawodeT Tqveni

sakontaqto informacia

el-fostiT: [email protected]

gamoiwereT

Jurnali

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es Cans yvelaferSi da Cans Ss ministris, vano merabiSvilis in-terviuebSic, romlebic Jurna-lebma „vlastma“ da „komersant-ma“ dabeWdes 2010 wlis martsa da aprilSi.

demokratiul qveyanaSi es in-terviuebi kargi masala iqneboda seriozuli sabraldebo daskvnis-Tvis, magram merabiSvili darwmu-nebulia, rom mas araferi emuqre-ba. amitomac „kaifobs“ laRad da udardelad, yvelasa da yvelafer-ze _ reformebze, axali adamianis Camoyalibebis miseul programaze, romelsac warmatebiT axorciele-bs, arCevnebze, ruseTze, evropaze, policiis „SeSuSul“ Senobebze da rus okupantebTan TanamSromlo-bis faqtebze, ufro zustad imaze, rogor sTavazobda parlamentis Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komi-tetis Tavmjdomare givi Targama-Ze qrTams rus okupantebs qalaq goris dabombvisa da stalinis Zeglis dangrevis sanacvlod. da maT, okupantebma, rogor ar aiRes SeTavazebuli qrTami _ 50 aTasi dolari.

demokratiul qveyanaSi msgavs intervius ministris saswrafod gadayeneba da, didi albaTobiT, mTavrobis gadadgoma mohyveboda.

daiwyeboda gamoZieba danaSau-lis aSkara niSnebze, rac naTlad Cans Ss ministris sityvebidan, Tu-mca, danaSaulis niSnebze qvemoT. axla ki mTavarze _ ratom iyo mi-nistri aseTi gulaxdili? am dRe-ebSi am kiTxvaze pasuxis gacema bevrma scada, Tumca, yvela versia

vin aris qveynis baton-patroni?

axali TiTqos araferi

Tqmula, TiTqos yvelam

yvelaferi vicodiT,

magram siaxle mainc iyo

_ gamaognebeli siaxle _

okupantebisTvis qrTamis

SeTavazeba, sakuTari

qalaqis dabombvis

sanacvlod.

vaaa, aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba sul sxva kaifi yofilao,

_ es sityvebi zurab adeiSvils aRmoxda Soreul 2004 wels,

iusticiis ministrad daniSvnidan ramdenime dReSi. SeuzRudavi

ZalauflebiT mudmivi „kaifi“ Zalian male iqca mixeil

saakaSvilisa da misi garemocvis cxovrebis stilad.

sozar subari

Tvalsazrisi

albaT or ukidures xedvas Soris Tavsdeba.

versia pirveli: vano merabiSvil-ma am interviuTi gaakeTa gamokve-Tili ganacxadi prezidentobaze da Zalian konkretuli mesijebic daagzavna yvela mimarTulebiT. mas aqvs yvelaze meti resursi da realuri Zalaufleba, Zalas ki sa-qarTveloSi jerjerobiT isev yve-la Rirebulebaze metad afaseben. amave dros vano yvelaze komfor-tuli partniori iqneba miSasTvis im axal garemoSi, romlis Seqmna-sac apireben 2013 wlidan (roca saakaSvils prezidentobis vada amoewureba) da romelic, didi al-baTobiT, msgavsi iqneba putin-med-

vedevis variantisa (versiis avtori vasil maRlaferiZe).


versia meore: es interviuebi, iseve rogorc 13 martis `teleime-dis~ modelirebuli qronika, xeli-suflebis sruli araadekvaturo-bisa da ruseTis mimarT panikuri SiSis gamomJRavnebaa. Sesabamisad, aranairi Rrma Canafiqri maTSi ar unda veZeboT (avtori daviT zura-biSvili).

faqti isaa, rom am interviueb-Si Ss ministri daufaravad ambobs imas, rac realobaa: rom arc saqarTvelos xelisu-

fleba da arc piradad vano kanons ar cnoben; metic, kanoni aris is, rasac vano gadawyvets. da Tu kano-ni ar Seesabameba vanos (miT ufro _ miSas) xedvas, miT uaresi kano-nisTvis;rom saqarTvelos xelisufle-

baSi ar ainteresebT evropis azri da amas aRar malaven (maT Soris, prezidenti saakaSvilic mraval gancxadebasa Tu interviuSi). Tuki evropa ar iwonebs marTvis saakaS-viliseul avtokratiul stils da mis araprognorizirebad, provoka-ciul gamoxtomebs, aRarc miSa-sa da mis garemocvas ainteresebs evropis azri;rom momavali arCevnebis Sede-

gi vanom winaswar icis, xolo ar-Cevnebis SedegebiT manipulireba misi Cveuli saqmea (ministris mina-weri, _ vxumrobo, _ am azrs ver arbilebs, radgan mravalma saerTa-Soriso sadamkvirveblo misiam da-adastura, rom saqarTvelos xeli-suflebas saarCevno manipulaciebi ar ukvirs);rom man winaswar icis, vin iqne-

ba Semdegi prezidenti, oRond jer ar amxels, TqvenTvis amis codna cota naadreviao. pasuxi martivia _ „Поживем-увидим“;rom saqarTvelos xelisufle-

ba ereva (an cdilobs Caerios) Cr-diloeT kavkasiaSi mimdinare pro-cesebSi da „pirveli kavkasiuri arxi“ amgvari manipulaciebisTvis gamoiyeneba.

merabiSvilis interviuebi ga-JRenTilia Zalis demonstrirebiT da muqariT (daviWerT, davsjiT...), xolo Jurnalistis mTavari daskv-

na Semdegia: Tqveni policiis Se-nobebi potiomkinis soflebia, po-licielebi _ ucxoplanetelebi, xolo am SuSis Senobebis irgvliv siRatake mefobso...

axali TiTqos araferi Tqmula, TiTqos yvelam yvelaferi vico-diT, magram siaxle mainc iyo _ gamaognebeli siaxle _ okupan-tebisTvis qrTamis SeTavazeba, sakuTari qalaqis dabombvis sana-cvlod. im dros, rodesac aTeu-lobiT adamiani ugzoukvlod iyo dakarguli, an okupantebis tyve-obaSi imyofeboda; roca aTeulo-biT gvami okupirebul teritoria-ze iyo darCenili da saxelmwifo maTi gadmosvenebisTvis arafers akeTebda; rodesac atenis xeobaSi Sexiznuli 30 aTasze meti adamia-ni xelisuflebis mxridan sruliad uyuradRebod _ sursaTisa da wam-lebis gareSe iyo darCenili; roca aTeul aTasobiT devnili mSieri da daubinavebeli iyo, vano mera-biSvili aRiarebs, ra „problemis“

gadawyvetas cdilobda saqarTve-los xelisufleba: „parlamentis Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komi-tetis Tavmjdomarem givi Targa-maZem 2008 wlis agvistoSi rus sa-mxedroebs SesTavaza 50 000 aTasi imisaTvis, rom maT daebombaT sta-linis Zegli gorSi. maSin xom iyo araoficialuri kontaqtebi da fu-liT SeiZleboda raRac sakiTxebze rusebis wamoyvana. xoda ai, gada-vwyviteT, fulis sanacvlod, sta-linis Zeglis moSoreba...“

okupantebma uari Tqves vanda-lur aqtze, ar aiRes qrTami da ar dabombes Zegli, romelic qa-laqis centralur moedanze dgas. ministris am gancxadebaSi, garda qrTamis micemis mcdelobisa, na-Tlad Cans ss kodeqsis 309-e (an-

tikonstituciuri xelSekrulebis an molaparakebis warmoeba, iTva-liswinebs 6-dan 10 wlamde Tavisu-flebis aRkveTas) da 310-e (sagareo uSiSroebis xelyofa, iTvaliswine-bs 8-idan 12 wlamde Tavisuflebis aRkveTas _ „ucxo qveyanasTan an ucxoeTis organizaciasTan iseTi urTierTobis damyareba, romlis mizania saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg saomari moqmedebis an agresiis sxva aqtis momzadeba an ganxorcie-leba, agreTve sxvagvari qmedeba aseTi aqtis provocirebis mizniT“) muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli dana-Saulis niSnebi.

miuxedavad yovelive zemoTqmu-lisa, erTaderTi Sedegi, rac mera-biSvilis intervius am etapze mo-hyveba, es aris ordRiani qariSxali qarTul mediaWiqaSi. Tumca, Tavad interviu ufro seriozul Sede-gebzea gaTvlili da grZelvadian perspeqtivaSi man SeiZleba mraval-nairad iCinos Tavi.

am interviuTi vano cdilobs,

yvelas _ xalxsac, opoziciasac, eklesiasac, ucxoeTsac _ kidev erTxel mkafiod daanaxos, vin aris aq baton-patroni da vis unda ela-parakon, visi eSinodeT, visi azri unda gaiTvaliswinon...

ufro grZelvadian perspeqti-vaSi ki es interviu sapatio ad-gils daikavebs xelisuflebis araadekvatur qmedebaTa iseT ja-WvSi, rogoricaa quTaisSi `dide-bis memorialis~ afeTqeba, ukrai-nis arCevnebze „sadamkvirveblo“ specrazmebis gadasxma, 13 maisis imitirebuli satelevizio omi da, Tavis mxriv, daaCqarebs xelisu-flebis cvlilebas.

da kidev, msgavsi interviuebi mo-mavlis prokurorebsac gauadvilebs sabraldebo daskvnebis weras.

Tvalsazrisi

demokratiul qveyanaSi msgavs intervius ministris

saswrafod gadayeneba da, didi albaTobiT, mTavrobis

gadadgoma mohyveboda.


isev erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraoba

politika

zurab noRaidelis irgvliv Seqmnili èqvspartiuli warmonaqmni~ Tbiliss merad _

zviad ZiZigurs, da sakrebulos Tavmjdomared _ koba daviTaSvils sTavazobs.

nino robaqiZe

9 aprils veris parkis sakalaT-burTo sasaxleSi saqarTvelos Zve-li Sindisferi droSebi erTi wu-TiT mxolod maSin afrialda, roca èrovnulma sabWom~ pirveli arCevi-Ti meris Tanamdebobaze konserva-tiuli partiis lideris, zviad ZiZi-guris kandidatura daasaxela.

`zviad ZiZiguri, diaxac, aris opoziciis saerTo kandidati. is opoziciurad ganwyobili yvela po-litikuri ZalisTvisac misaRebia~, _ ganacxada koba daviTaSvilma, ro-melic praimerSi ZiZiguris konku-renti iyo, axla ki masTan erTad sakrebulos TavmjdomareobisTvis ibrZolebs.

èrovnulma sabWom~ merobis kan-didati dedaqalaqSi 15 000 misa-marTze misvlis Semdeg gamoavlina. saerTo jamSi, 12 000 amomrCevlis azri Sejamda. zviad ZiZigurma xma-Ta 51,9% miiRo. konservatorebis liderma 5 833 xmiT daamarcxa `xal-xis partiis~ lideri koba daviTaS-vili, romelmac 5 414 xma miiRo.

opoziciuri praimeris saarCev-no biuletenebze qalaqis merobis kandidatebs Soris gia maisaSvilis gvaric ewera. `momavlis partiis~ liderma, saqarTveloSi aryof-nis gamo, praimerSi monawileobaze bolo wuTs Tqva uari, Tumca misi gvaris biuletenebidan amoReba ve-Rar moeswro.

`gaiTvaliswineT, rom gia maisaSvi-li aRar monawileobs praimerSi~, _ am fraziT afrTxilebdnen praimeris SerCevaSi moxvedril amomrCevels partiuli aqtivistebi, romlebsac amomrCevlisTvis biuletenebis ga-dacema evalebodaT. Tumca, rogorc f

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zurab noRaideli èrovnuli sabWos~ yrilobaze, Tbilisi, 9 aprili 2010


èrovnuli sabWos~ liderebi, ise partiuli aqtivistebic amomrCev-lebis gamokiTxvis dawyebamde ver Camoyalibdnen opoziciur praimer-Si monawileobdnen Tu sociolo-giur gamokiTxvaSi. amitomac, karze zaris darekvis Semdeg partiuli aqtivistebi amomrCevels xan socio-logiur gamokiTxvaSi monawileoba-ze iTanxmebdnen, xan praimerSi.

eqspertebis azriT, arasaparla-mento opoziciis mier organizebul gamokiTxvas sociologiur gamoki-TxvasTan saerTo TiTqmis araferi hqonda. ìmisaTvis, rom gamokiTxvas sociologiuri gamokiTxvis statu-si hqondes, aucilebelia, procesSi profesionalebi iyvnen CarTuli. Tu sworad ganisazRvreba kvlevis amocana, sworad SeirCeva dizaini da daculi iqneba mTavari _ reprezen-tatulobis principi, aranairi mniS-vneloba ar aqvs 5 000 respondents gamokiTxav Tu 15 000-s~, _ ganmar-tavs ACT kvlevis biznesis ganviTa-rebis direqtori nika javaxiSvili.

`gvindoda, amomrCevelisTvis Ta-namonawileobis gancda gagveCina. amitomac aris mniSvnelovani ga-mokiTxvis masStabi _ vecadeT, miv-suliyaviT yvela ubanSi, yvela qu-Caze da yvela ezoSi~, _ acxadebs `moZraoba samarTliani saqarTve-losaTvis~ Tavmjdomaris moadgile levan roiniSvili.

amomrCevels, romelic SemTxve-viTi SerCeviT gamosakiTxTa siaSi moxvda, sami biuletenis Sevsebas sTxovdnen. pirveliT merobis yve-laze Zlieri kandidati irCeoda; meore biuletenze TerTmeti par-tiis dasaxeleba iyo Camowerili da amomrCeveli qalaqis sakrebuloSi proporciuli siiT asarCev partias aZlevda xmas; mesame biuleteni ki yvela raionSi sxvadasxvanairi iyo da masze im kandidatebis gvarebi da saxelebi ewera, romlebic prai-meris momxre partiebma konkretul raionSi maJoritarobis kandidatad waradgines.

kiTxvaze _ `xval rom Tbilisis sakrebulos №7 (krwanisi, foniWa-la) olqis maJoritari deputatis arCevnebi iyos, vis miscemdiT xmas~

_ savaraudo pasuxebia: _ barTia levan, `konservatiuli

partia~;_ bubuteiSvili giorgi, `mamuliS-

vili~;_ mamaTelaSvili rolandi, `xal-

xis partia~;_ yelberaSvili aleqsandre, `mo-

Zraoba samarTliani saqarTvelos-Tvis~;

_ faziv alievi, `SenTvis, saqar-Tvelo~.

Cven mier amave saarCevno olqis amomrCevlebTan Catarebuli patara eqsperimentis Semdeg aRmoCnda, rom aTidan aTma amomrCevelma es saxele-bi da gvarebi pirvelad gaigo. Tu-mca, es ar iqneboda problema, prai-merSi monawile partiebi TviTon rom iyvnen cnobilebi. Cveni eqspe-rimentis monawile aTi amomrCevli-dan cxram mxolod `konservatiuli partiisa~ da `xalxis partiis~ gax-seneba SeZlo. saxelebi `moZraoba samarTliani saqarTvelosaTvis~ da `momavlis partia~ maTTvis arafris-mTqmeli aRmoCnda.

`geTqva, Svilo, rom noRaidelis da maisaSvilis partiebia. eg xalxi ki vici, magram partiebs yvelas er-Tnairi saxeli aqvT~, _ miTxra eqspe-rimentis erT-erTma monawilem.

praimeris momxre 11 politikuri subieqtidan umravlesobas aranai-ri resursi ar aqvs imisaTvis, rom winasaarCevno kampaniaSi damoukide-

blad miiRos monawileoba. amitomac TerTmeti partiis mier mxardaWe-rili praimeri TbilisSi realurad mxolod samma Caatara. zurab no-Raidelis, zviad ZiZiguris da koba daviTaSvilis partiuli aqtividan Tbiliselebi 750-kacianma jgufma gamokiTxa. partiuli aqtivistebi samkacian jgufebad iyvnen danawi-lebuli, TiToeul jgufSi samive partiis warmomadgeneli Sedioda.

praimeris organizatorebis gan-

cxadebiT, am praqtikam, romeli-me partiis sasargeblod Sedegebis gayalbeba gamoricxa. Tumca, danar-Ceni rva politikuri subieqtis war-momadgenlebma 25 saarCevno olqi-dan jerjerobiT mxolod sam olqSi gaimarjves. miuxedavad amisa, prai-meris Sedegebis gamocxadebis Sem-deg pretenzia èrovnuli sabWos~ Semadgenlobidan arc erT politi-kur subieqts ar gamouTqvams.

èrovnulma sabWom~ zviad ZiZigu-ris dasaxelebiT ukve formalura-dac wertili dausva bolo dReebSi kidev erTxel ganaxlebul opozi-ciur konsultaciebs merobis saer-To opoziciur kandidatze. irakli alasanias gundis wevris, sozar su-baris mier inicirebuli molapa-rakebebis uSedegod dasrulebis Se-mdeg èrovnuli sabWo~ `saakaSvilis reJimis dasamTavreblad erovnul-ganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis me-same da daskvniT talRas iwyebs~.

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zviad ZiZiguri èrovnuli sabWos~ yrilobaze, Tbilisi, 9 aprili 2010


Tvalsazrisi

opoziciur politikur velSi dRes ramdenime niSa arsebobs:

1. àliansi saqarTvelosTvis~ da misi mxardamWeri partiebi/poli-tikosebi (mag., „saqarTvelos gza“, goga xaindrava)

2. e.w. „praimeristebi“3. isini, vinc arCevnebs boikots

ucxadebs4. saparlamento opozicia5. levan gaCeCilaZeTiToeul am niSas garkveuli Ta-

viseburebebi aqvs, romelTagan ga-mosayofia Semdegi:

zemoT CamoTvlilTagan mxolod erTi politikuri Zala _ „alian-si“ _ qmnis instituciur erTobas. „praimeristebs“ jerjerobiT ins-tituciuri kavSiri ar SeukravT (anu, erT blokad ar Camoyalibebu-lan), Tumca, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom saerTo ideaTa wre garkveulwilad moxazes _ es, pirvel rigSi, gulisx-mobs ruseTTan daaxloebas da skep-ticizms nato-Si gawevrianebasTan dakavSirebiT. danarCen politikur jgufebs gaerTianebebs ver vuwo-debT, radgan maT mxolod is empi-riuli niSnebi aerTianebT, rom ar-CevnebSi monawileobas ar iReben, an parlamentis wevrebi arian.

gansxvavebulia, agreTve, arCevne-bSi monawile opoziciuri politi-kuri Zalebis winasaarCevno PR:„praimeristebis“ da levan ga-

CeCilaZis mTavari winasaarCevno gzavnili saakaSvilis xelisufle-bis Secvlaa. es aris saqarTveloSi ukve tradiciulad qceuli amomr-CevelTa „negatiuri mobilizaciis“ faqtoris gamoyeneba. maTTvis miu-Rebeli da uinteresoa nebismieri

gza Rirseuli damarcxebisken romelia is gonivruli gza, romelic opoziciam darCenil mokle

winasaarCevno periodSi unda airCios?

iago kaWkakiSvili, sociologi

diskusia imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu vin Caanacvlebs saakaSvilis xelisu-flebas da ra iqneba xelisuflebis Semdeg;qristian-demokratebi aqcents

socialur proeqtebze svamen (ufa-so wyali, iafi gazi, eleqtroe-nergia) da xelisuflebis Secvla mxolod iaraRad miaCniaT am proe-

qtebis Sesasruleblad (meore mxriv, qristian-demokratebi aSkarad dga-nan im riskis winaSe, rom maTi wina-saarCevno lozungebi populizmad moinaTlos, vinaidan isini jer-jerobiT arafers amboben imasTan dakavSirebiT, Tu rogor apireben aRniSnuli socialuri proeqtebis ganxorcielebas); „alianss“ jer kidev ar dauwyia

Tavisi winasaarCevno kampania. Tu-mca, unda vifiqroT, rom isic aqcents gaakeTebs ara „negatiur mobilizaciaze“, aramed pozitiur

cvlilebebs SesTavazebs sazogado-ebas.

TiToeuli niSis reitings Tu gadavxedavT, aRmoCndeba, rom yve-laze reitinguli politikuri Za-lebi Tavmoyrilia „aliansSi“, e.w. „boikotistebSi“ (mxedvelobaSi myavs, pirvel rigSi, leiboris-tebi da erovnuli forumi) da sa-

parlamento opoziciis im nawilSi, romelsac qristian-demokratiuli moZraoba warmoadgens. rogorc saerTaSoriso respublikuri ins-titutis (IRI) bolo gamokiTxvebi (mediaSi gavrcelebuli monacemebi) aCvenebs, jer mxolod am politi-kur Zalebs, jamSi, q. TbilisSi opo-ziciuri eleqtoratis 30-35% uka-via. danarCeni opoziciis xvedriTi wili 5-10%-is farglebSi meryeobs. meore mxriv, xelisuflebis poli-tikuri gavlena daaxloebiT 40%-ia. aqedan Zalze martivia imis da-

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Tvalsazrisi

naxva, rom calke aRebul arc erT opoziciur Zalas, damoukideblad, dRevandeli konfiguraciiT, po-litikuri „woniT“ da politikuri aqtiurobiT, praqtikulad ar aqvs Sansi, rom adgilobriv arCevneb-Si, Tundac TbilisSi, daamarcxos xelisufleba. swored es viTareba axdens opoziciur ZalebSi imis ga-mZafrebul provocirebas, rom rac SeiZleba meti damatebiTi opozi-ciuri sarCevno xma daukavSirdes romelime politikur Zalas Tu po-litikoss.

arCevnebSi monawile opoziciam damatebiT xmebis gadabirebis ra-mdenime gza mosinja (an mosinjvis procesSia):

1.romelime politikuri Zala mar-Tavs konsultaciebs sxvebTan da cdilobs, moipovos maTgan mxarda-Wera merobis sakuTari kandidatis

sasargeblod (am gzas, ZiriTadad, „aliansi“ mimarTavs);

2.politikuri konsultaciebi gai-marTos „sufTa furclidan“ da moi-Zebnos iseTi meTodi (sociologiu-ri gamokiTxva, winaswari arCevnebi), romelic gamoavlens opoziciis sa-erTo kandidats (am gzas sworxazov-nad „praimeristebi“ da levan gaCeCi-laZe mimarTaven, Tumca, „aliansic“ zigzagiseburad da sakmaod winaaR-mdegobrivad erTveba am procesSi);

3.araviTari konsultaciebi ro-melime kandidatis mxardasaWerad

an meTodologiis SesamuSaveblad saerTo kandidatis gamovlenisTvis, aramed mizanmimarTuli muSaoba amomrCevelze, misTvis Tavis mo-woneba da maTi damatebiTi nakadis gadmobireba (am gzas yvelaze Tanmi-mdevrulad „qristianul-demokra-tiuli“ moZraoba misdevs);

4.Seicvalos politikur ZalTa arsebuli konfiguracia anu maTi dRevandeli instituciuri profi-li _ daaxloebulma partiebma po-litikuri bloki Sekran, arsebuli blokebi gafarTovdnen da a.S.

aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom am gza-Ta mosinjvis procesSi seriozuli roli akisriaT im politikur Za-lebs, romlebic arCevnebs boikots ucxadeben. marTalia, am Zalebs uSualo kavSiri ara aqvT winasaar-Cevno kampaniasTan, magram maT Zalu-ZT arCevnebis Sedegebze seriozuli

gavlenis moxdena, ramdenadac maT-ze „mibmulia“ amomrCevelTa mniS-vnelovani da Tanac met-naklebad myari nawili, romelic arCevnebis mimarT im pozicias daiWers, rasac misi rCeuli partia.

Tu, dRevandeli viTarebidan ga-momdinare, TiToeuli am gzis efe-qturobas SevafasebT, unda iTqvas, rom ufro warmatebuli aRmoCnda mesame strategia. es kargad Cans qristian-demokratebis magaliT-ze: am partiis Tanmimdevrulobam, amomrCevlebisTvis Tavis mowonebis

mimarTulebiT, pozitiuri Sedegi gamoiRo _ IRI-s bolo gamokiTxvis mixedviT, isini amovardnen zoga-dopoziciuri kalapotidan (rei-tingebis Semcirebis TvalsazrisiT) da araTu SeinarCunes politikuri „wona“, aramed ramdenadme gaiumjo-beses kidec (mag. TbilisSi 2009 wlis noemberSi „qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis“ reitingi 6% iyo, axla, ramdenadac iTqva, 7-10%-is fargle-bSi Tavsdeba).

arada, opoziciur frontze, ukve karga xania, mTavari Seteva Ziri-Tadad im mimarTulebiT viTarde-ba, rom an irakli alasania gaxdes sxvebisTvis misaRebi kandidati, an opozicia Sejerdes meTodologia-ze, romelic erT saerTo kandidats gamoavlens. dabejiTebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom rogorc erTi, ise meo-re ganzraxva uperspeqtivoa da rai-

levan gaCeCilaZe

dRes aris lamis

erTaderTi figura,

romlis mxardaWerac

romelime politikur

Zalas mxardamWerebs

gaumravlebs. Tumca,

cxadia, iluziaa, rom levan

gaCeCilaZis mxardaWera

sakmarisia...

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Tvalsazrisi

me seriozuli warmatebis sawindari ver iqneba. rac Seexeba meoTxe gzas (politikuri konfiguraciebis Se-cvla), am mimarTulebiT aqtiuroba naklebia, Tumca, es perspeqtivac unayofod gamoiyureba. erTader-Ti dadebiTi Sedegi, romelic sxva-TaTvis alasanias mimReblobaze an konfiguraciis cvlilebebze zrun-vam gamoiRo, salome zurabiSvilis da misi partiis mier alasanias mxardaWera, da sul axlaxan „alian-sis“ blokSi gawevrianebaa. Tumca, safiqrebelia, rom arCevnebamde es iqneba erTaderTi da ukanaskneli monapovari aRniSnuli mimarTule-bebiT.

gansakuTrebiT uperspeqtivoa sa-erTo opoziciuri kandidatis Zieba. miuxedavad imisa, rom es politiku-ri proeqti garegnulad efeqturad gamoiyureba, misi realizacia wmin-da wylis iluziaa da mizanSi iseT srolas hgavs, romelic windawinve ganwirulia marcxisTvis.

ra maZlevs amis Tqmis uflebas?zemoaRniSnuli opoziciuri po-

litikuri niSebidan TiTqmis yvela

„TviTkmaria“, anu araTu erTma-neTTan, aramed xSirad erTmaneTis SigniTac ki politikuri TanamS-romlobis (moaxloebuli arCevnebis konteqstSi) mzadyofnas ar avlens. igulisxmeba TanamSromlobis is formebi, romlebic arCevnebSi xme-bis erT fokusSi Tavmoyris poten-cias Seicavs. ufro konkretulad:„aliansis“ (da saerTod, nebis-

mieri sxva politikuri subieqtis) gaerTianeba „praimeristebTan“ Seu-Zlebelia, radgan maT Soris iseTi Zlieri wyalgamyofia, rogoricaa noRaideli da misi partia. „alian-si“ noRaidels ver Seegueba, xolo praimeristebi noRaidels ver Ca-moicileben;saparlamento opoziciis da

arasaparlamento opoziciis erTad Seyrac ararealuria, radgan maT Soris aranakleb Zlieri wyalgamyo-fia _ amjerad saqarTvelos xeli-suflebis saxiT. arasaparlamento opozicia, rogorc wesi, qristian-demokratebs an, miT ufro, Tor-TlaZis partias xelisuflebis sa-telit politikur Zalebad miiCnevs da amiT wvavs yvela xids maTTan mi-sasvlelad. meore mxriv, qristian-demokratebic aranakleb mwvave „xurdas“ ubruneben, maTive Sefase-biT, „quCis opozicias“.arasaparlamento opoziciis ori

_ arCevnebSi monawile da arCevnebis maboikotirebeli _ nawilis gaer-Tianebac, rogorc Cans, ararealu-ria. isini erTmaneTisTvis mxolod politikuri reveransebis gacvliT arian dakavebulebi da moaxloebul adgilobriv arCevnebSi erTmaneTis mxardaWeras ar apireben.

aseTi gaerTianebebi ararealu-ria ara mxolod politikuri Zale-bis ambiciebidan gamomdinare, ara-med ideologiebisa da poziciebis araTavsebadobis TvalsazrisiTac.

qaoturma da araracionalurma ko-laboracionizmma romelime poli-tikur Zalas, araTu warmateba Sei-Zleba moutanos, aramed saarCevno xmebic daakargvinos. zogierTma po-litikosma (mag., goga xaindravam), romelic arCevnebis gziT xelisu-flebis Secvlas skeptikurad uyu-rebs, radgan fiqrobs, rom gayal-beba gardauvalia, ase kuriozulad gamoxata Tavisi mxardaWera merobis erT-erTi kandidatis mimarT: „me movuwodeb amomrCevels, rom mxari dauWiros alasanias, Tumca vTvli, rom arCevnebi mxolod iseT Sede-gs moitans, rac merabiSvils unda“. cxadia, aseTi pozicia, opoziciu-rad ganwyobil amomrCevelTa mo-bilizacias ki ara, mis nihilizms

Seuwyobs xels, radgan amomrCeveli ar miiRebs wagebul TamaSSi monawi-leobas.

erTaderTi labiluri figura, romelsac sxvadasxva ZalasTan mies-vleba, aris levan gaCeCilaZe _ swo-red amiT unda aixsnas masze da mis mxardaWeraze gamZafrebuli moTxo-vna da apelireba. levan gaCeCilaZe dRes aris lamis erTaderTi figura, romlis mxardaWerac romelime po-litikur Zalas mxardamWerebs gau-mravlebs. Tumca, cxadia, iluziaa, rom levan gaCeCilaZis mxardaWera sakmarisia romelime politikuri ZalisTvis adgilobriv arCevnebSi gasamarjveblad.

sad aris gamosavali? romelia is gonivruli gza, romelic opozi-ciam darCenil mokle winasaarCevno periodSi unda airCios? esaa mxo-lod da mxolod mizanmimarTuli muSaoba opoziciurad ganwyobil amomrCevelze, maTTvis (negatiuri mobilizaciis paralelurad) pozi-tiuri da dasabuTebuli proeqte-bis SeTavazeba, rom ara mxolod sakuTari amomrCeveli SeinarCuno,

aramed sxvisi amomrCevelic gadai-biro da, rac gansakuTrebiT mniSv-nelovania, gadaibiro amomrCevelTa Camouyalibebeli nawili, romelsac Tavisi politikuri preferenciebi jerjerobiT gamokveTili ara aqvs (rogorc gamokiTxvebi aCvenebs, am nawilis xvedriTi wili sakmaod maRalia da 15-20%-is farglebSi meryeobs).

cxadia, es urTulesi amocanaa (Tanac am winasaarCevno caitnotSi). Tumca, „gamarjvebis formula“ mxo-lod am tipis politikur moRvaweo-baSi SeiZleba daiZebnos. bolos da bolos, Rirseuli gamarjvebis gar-da, arsebobs aranakleb mniSvnelo-vani formulac _ „Rirseuli damar-cxeba“.

sad aris gamosavali? esaa mxolod da mxolod mizanmimarTuli muSaoba opoziciurad

ganwyobil amomrCevelze, maTTvis pozitiuri da dasabuTebuli proeqtebis SeTavazeba, rom ara

mxolod sakuTari amomrCeveli SeinarCuno, aramed sxvisi amomrCevelic gadaibiro.


Tvalsazrisi

siZulvilis ena unda isjebodes


siZulvilis enis kriminalizaciis SemTxvevaSi, isini, vinc am xerxs mimarTaven,

iZulebulni gaxdebian, rom yvelafris umciresobebze dabralebis nacvlad, an

problemebis logikur da racionalur mogvarebis gzebze isaubron, an saerTod

Sewyviton maRali tribunidan qadageba.

giorgi cxadaia

saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba si-ZulviliT motivirebuli danaSau-lis koncefcias ar cnobs. ar isje-ba siZulvilis enac, anu garkveuli jgufis, umTavresad umciresobebis, winaaRmdeg gamoTqmuli diskrimina-ciuli xasiaTis gamonaTqvamebi.

siZulviliT motivirebuli dana-Sauli da siZulvilis ena ori sxva-dasxva kategoriaa. siZulvilis ena gulisxmobs ara raime konkretul danaSauls, aramed garkveuli jgu-fis mimarT gamoTqmul Seuracxmyo-fel da damcinav mosazrebebs. si-ZulviliT motivirebuli danaSauli (e.w. hate crime) TiTqmis yvela dasa-vlur qveyanaSi isjeba da warmoad-gens gansakuTrebiT damamZimebel ga-remoebas. xolo siZulvilis ena (hate

speech), magaliTad amerikis SeerTe-bul StatebSi, ar aris kriminali-zirebuli, radgan amerikis uzenaesi sasamarTlo Tvlis, rom misi krimina-lizeba ewinaaRmdegeba konstituciis pirvel Sesworebas da gamoxatvis Ta-visuflebis princips.

saqarTveloSi siZulvilis enac da siZulviliT motivirebuli dana-Saulic aqtualuri Temebia, razec xSirad saubroben arasamTavrobo jgufebi. isini problemebs ar azvia-deben. mediaSi sistematiurad ismis religiuri, eTnikuri da seqsualuri umciresobebis winaaRmdeg mimarTu-li diskriminaciuli frazebi. 2008 wlis, konrad adenaueris fondis kvlevis monacemebiT, saqarTvelos mosaxleobis 19.1% mxars uWers agre-sias religiuri umciresobebis wina-aRmdeg. 32.4% _ maTi literaturis ganadgurebis momxrea. bolo xanebSi, gaxSirda seqsualuri umciresobe-bis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli msgavsi „kampaniebi“. magaliTad, socialur qsel feisbuqze Seiqmna specialuri gverdi „sikvdili homoseqsualebs“, axlad dafuZnebuli saxalxo mar-Tlmadidebluri moZraobis lideri malxaz gulaSvili ki sazogadoebri-vi mauwyeblis pirdapir eTerSi ar erideba seqsualuri umciresobebis winaaRmdeg Seuracxmyofeli komen-tarebis gamoTqmas. qarTul mediaSi Cveulebrivi ambavia, rodesac dama-mcirebel konteqstSi xdeba eTniku-ri umciresobis warmomadgenlebis moxseniebac. magaliTad SegviZlia moviyvanoT bolo xanebSi momxdari incidenti, rodesac `teleimedis~

gadacema „simarTlis droSi“ erT-erT stumars dausves kiTxva, rcxve-noda Tu ara mas sakuTari eTnikuri warmomavlobis. aRniSnulis gamo `teleimedma~ mogvianebiT bodiSic moixada. erTi sityviT, iseTi fa-qtebi, rac TiTqmis yvela dasavlur qveyanaSi siZulvilis enad anu hate speech-ad CaiTvleboda, saqarTve-loSi kriminalizirebuli ar aris. ramdenad mizanSewonili iqneba, ar-sebuli socialuri, politikuri da ekonomikuri viTarebidan gamomdina-re, msgavsi kanonmdeblobis miReba, Secvlis Tu ara es realobas da ra gzebi arsebobs imisTvis, rom msgavsi cvlilebebi ganxorcieldes?

pirvel rigSi, mxedvelobaSi unda miviRoT gansxvavebebi amerikul da evropul midgomebs Soris. rogorc ukve aRvniSneT, amerikaSi siZulvi-lis ena kriminalizirebuli ar aris, Tumca mTel rig SemTxvevebSi, ar-sebobs sazogadoebrivi konsensusi, romelic faqtobrivad ukrZalavs sajaro pirebs, maT Soris Jurna-listebs, diskriminaciuli komenta-rebis gakeTebas. magaliTad, cnobi-li radio komentator raS limbos SemTxveva, rodesac man orazrovani komentari gaakeTa afroamerikeli fexburTelis misamarTiT, ris Semde-gac limbo Tanamdebobidan gadadga. amave dros, igive raS limbo radios eTerSi laparakobda amerikaSi sazo-gadoebriv transportSi segregaciis dabrunebis aucileblobaze, anu Te-Trkanianebisa da SavkanianebisTvis gansazRvruli sivrceebis gamoyo-faze. bevrma liberalma aqtivistma



limbos es fraza „siZulvilis enad“ Seafasa, magram amas legaluri dava ar mohyolia.

evropaSi siZulvilis enis mimarT radikalurad gansxvavebuli midgo-maa. magaliTad, germaniis kanonmde-blobaSi arsebobs Volksverhetzung-is cneba, romelic gulisxmobs siZul-vilis enis kriminalizacias. gan-sakuTrebulad isjeba holokostis uaryofa da ikrZaleba nacisturi germaniis gandideba. SveicariaSi si-Zulvilis enis gamoyeneba samwliani Tavisuflebis aRkveTiT isjeba.

evropuli da amerikuli gamocdi-lebis ganxilva niSnavs ori gansxva-vebuli mosazrebis gamokveTas: pir-veli, rom sazogadoebam Tavad unda moaxdinos siZulvilis enis margina-lizacia, da meore, rom sakanonmde-blo zomebi aucilebelia imisTvis,

rom mosaxleobis daucvelma jgufe-bma _ umciresobebma Tavi usafrTxod igrZnon. aSS-Si, evropisgan gansxva-vebiT, miaCniaT, rom sazogadoebri-vi konsensusi miiRweva moqalaqeTa masobrivi aqtivobis Sedegad. maga-liTad, imisTvis, rom segregacia da rasistuli diskriminacia sabolood damTavrebuliyo, amerikas dasWirda samoqalaqo uflebebis amoqmedeba, romlis Sedegadac miiRes samoqala-qo uflebebis aqti (1964). evropaSi problemebis pirdapir sakanonmde-blo gziT mogvarebas aniWeben upi-ratesobas. Cvens SemTxvevaSi, mZime socialur da ekonomikur fons Tu miviRebT mxedvelobaSi, siZulvilis ena, romelic masobrivi informaciis saSualebebiT gaismis, masobrivi aR-SfoTebis sababi ar xdeba. mosaxle-obis udidesi nawili materialuri problemebis mogvarebas undeba, ri-Tac warmatebiT sargebloben eqs-tremistebi da cdiloben, diskrimi-naciuli eniT gza gaikvalon _ yvela problema mosaxleobis garkveul

jgufebs gadaabralon. am realoba-Si malxaz gulaSvils SeuZlia Tama-mad Tqvas, rom qarTveli adamianis uflebebis damcvelni icaven umci-resobebis uflebebs da ar icaven umravlesobisas. amis Tqmis sababs mas aZlevs qveynis socialuri da eko-nomikuri ganuviTarebloba da, rac yvelaze samwuxaroa, msgavsi logika, umTavres SemTxvevaSi, mosaxleobis garkveul fenebze Wris. gulaSvilis winaaRmdeg iseTi farTo, masobrivi kampaniis dawyeba, romelSic aTa-sobiT adamiani iqneba Cabmuli, am SemTxvevaSi, TiTqmis SeuZlebelia, radgan Tavad eTnikur, religiur da seqsualur umciresobebsac, rom araferi vTqvaT mosaxleobis farTo masebze, saqarTveloSi uamravi zoga-di problema awuxebT, malxaz gulaS-vilis arcTu ise gonivruli gamos-

vlis garda. aqedan gamomdinare, Cemi azriT,

gamosavali iseTi kanonmdeblobis miRebaa, romelic siZulvilis enis kriminalizacias moaxdens. am Se-mTxvevaSi, is adamianebi, romlebic siZulvilis enas mimarTaven, iZu-lebulni gaxdebian, rom, yvelafris umciresobebisTvis gadabralebis na-cvlad, an sazogadoebis winaSe mdga-ri problemebis logikur da racio-nalur mogvarebis gzebze isaubron, an saerTod Sewyviton maRali tri-bunidan qadageba.

aucilebelia, rom aqtiurad daiwyos siZulvilis enis krimina-lizaciis lobireba sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebaSi. amaSi didi rolis Sesruleba SeuZliaT medias, adgi-lobriv da ucxour arasamTavrobo organizaciebs. pirvel etapze, mar-Tebuli iqneboda, Tu moxdeba qar-Tul mediaSi ukve arsebuli uamravi faqtis Sekreba da gaanalizeba, xolo Semdgom sakanonmdeblo iniciativaze muSaoba. amas ar dasWirdeba maso-

brivi moZraobebi da saukunovani brZola, aramed konsensusi qarTul mediaSi, arasamTavroboebsa da xe-lisuflebaSi, romlis safuZvelic unda iyos iuristebsa da samarTlis specialistebs Soris dava defini-ciebis gansazRvrisa da marTebulo-bis irgvliv.

am problemis mogvarebaSi gada-mwyveti roli SeiZleba Seasrulon saqarTvelos evropelma megobrebma, romlebic dainteresebulni arian qveynis kanonmdeblobis evropul kanonmdeblobasTan harmonizebiT. es faqtori damatebiT da mniSvne-lovan wnexs Seuqmnis saqarTvelos xelisuflebas. evrokavSiris da euTo-s warmomadgenlebma 19 marts ukve gaakeTes zogadi gancxadeba da mTavrobebs internetSi gavrcelebu-li iseTi aqtebis gamoZieba urCies,

romlebic siZulviliT motivirebul danaSaulsa da siZulvilis enas Sei-cavs. saqarTvelos problema am Se-mTxvevaSi gacilebiT ufro farToa, vidre internetSi msgavsi danaSau-lebebis regulireba: saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba saerTod ar cnobs am or samarTlebriv koncefcias.

amerikis SeerTebulma Statebma da amerikelma xalxma gaiara rasizmis TiTqmis oraswlovani istoria, rom samoqalaqo uflebebis aqti mieRoT. saqarTvelos 21-e saukuneSi msgavsi fufuneba ar aqvs; CvenTvis ufro Ri-rebuli iqneba evropis patara Tu didi qveynebis gamocdilebis gazia-reba da siZulvilis enis amgvarad prevencia. es xels Seuwyobs ara mxo-lod umciresobebis problemebis mo-gvarebas, aramed mTlianad politi-kuri da media diskursis racionalizacias. evropas erTxel ukve hqonda imis gamocdileba, Tu rogor daabrales faSistebma yvela problema eTnikur da seqsualur um-ciresobebs.

amerikis SeerTebulma Statebma da amerikelma xalxma gaiara rasizmis TiTqmis oraswlovani

istoria, rom samoqalaqo uflebebis aqti mieRoT. saqarTvelos 21-e saukuneSi msgavsi

fufuneba ar aqvs; CvenTvis ufro Rirebuli iqneba evropis patara Tu didi qveynebis

gamocdilebis gaziareba da siZulvilis enis amgvarad prevencia.


biznesis keTebis simartividan saxelmwifoebriobis warumateblobamde

ekonomika

biznesis keTebis simartivis da ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis indeqsebiT apelireba

da maT mier asaxuli cvlilebebis progresad monaTvla utrirebaa. sinamdvileSi,

yvelaze Sinaarsobrivi indeqsis mixedviT, zogadi realoba bevrad ufro mwvavea,

vidre is 2006 wels iyo.

laSa WoWua

albaT xSirad mogismeniaT im in-deqsebis Sesaxeb, romlebSic sa-qarTvelos warmatebebia asaxuli. ramdenad gamoxatavs gavrcelebu-li reitingebi zogad realobas, Zneli saTqmelia, Tumca garkveuli daskvnebis gamotana SesaZlebelia. esa Tu is indeqsi konkretuli, xSi-rad erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli movlenebis dinamikas iTvaliswi-nebs. Sesabamisad, SesaZlebelia, rom warmatebam da warumateblobam erTsa da imave realobaSi iarsebos.

ganvixiloT ramdenime cnobili indeqsi.

biznesis keTebis simartivis indeqsimocemul indeqss msoflio bankis jgufi iTvlis.

indeqsi iTvaliswinebs 10 kom-ponents: 1. biznesis dawyebasTan dakavSirebul procedurebs; 2. sam-Seneblo saqmianobisTvis saWiro ne-barTvebis miRebasTan dakavSirebul droiT da finansur danaxarjebs; 3. dasaqmebasTan dakavSirebul siZne-leebs; 4. sakuTrebis registraciis da 5. kreditis aRebis simartives; 6. investorTa dacvis xarisxs; 7. gadasaxadebTan dakavSirebul pro-cedurebs da mis moculobas Semo-savlebTan mimarTebaSi; 8. saqon-lis eqsport-importisTvis saWiro

dokumentebis raodenobas, dros da xarjebs; 9. sakontraqto urTier-Tobebs _ komerciuli davebis mo-gvarebisTvis saWiro procedurebs, droiT da finansur xarjebs; 10. bi-znesis daxurvasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxebs.

indeqsis mixedviT, 2010 wels sa-qarTvelom me-11 adgili daikava, rac didwilad ganpirobebulia mo-winave poziciebiT pirvel 4 kompo-nentSi, danarCen komponentebTan

dakavSirebiT ki qveynis pozicia mniSvnelovnad CamorCeba pirvel 4 komponentSi dafiqsirebul miRwe-vebs.

indeqsi teqnikuria Tavisi mniSv-nelobiT. misi mizania regulirebis tvirTze yuradRebis gamaxvileba. Sesabamisad, indeqsiT asaxuli war-matebebi ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos ekonomikuri ganviTarebisken ga-dadgmul seriozul nabijad. verc imas vityviT, rom ganviTarebuli

qveyana

biznesis

warmoebis

simartive

biznesis

daw

yeba

sam

Seneblo

saqm. nebarTvis

miReba

kadrebis daqi-

raveba

sakuTrebis

registrac

ia

kreditis aR

eba

investorTa

dac

va

gad

asax

adebis

gad

axda

sag

areo

vaW

roba

sakontraqto

urTierTobebi

biznesis

dax

urva

s i ngapu r i 1 4 2 1 16 4 2 5 1 13 2

ax. zelandia 2 1 5 15 3 4 1 9 26 10 17

ho ng ko ngi , Ci neTi 3 18 1 6 75 4 3 3 2 3 13

aSS 4 8 25 1 12 4 5 61 18 8 15

d i d i br i taneTi 5 16 16 35 23 2 10 16 16 23 9

dania 6 28 10 9 47 15 27 13 6 28 7

i r lan d ia 7 9 30 27 79 15 5 6 21 37 6

kanada 8 2 29 17 35 30 5 28 38 58 4

avstra l ia 9 3 62 1 34 4 57 47 27 16 14

norvegia 10 35 65 114 8 43 20 17 9 4 3

saqarTve l o 11 5 7 9 2 30 41 64 30 41 95

tailandi 12 55 13 52 6 71 12 88 12 24 48

sau d is arabeTi 13 13 33 73 1 61 16 7 23 140 60

islandia 14 33 31 56 13 30 73 31 73 2 16

iaponia 15 91 45 40 54 15 16 123 17 20 1

fineTi 16 30 47 132 27 30 57 71 4 8 5

mavriki 17 10 42 36 66 87 12 12 19 66 73

SvedeTi 18 43 19 117 20 71 57 42 7 51 18

koreis resp. 19 53 23 150 71 15 73 49 8 5 12

biznesis keTebis simartivis indeqsi


ekonomika

qveynebis umravlesoba am indeqsis mixedviT mowinave adgilebzea. ma-galiTad, germania 25-e adgilzea, safrangeTi _ 31-ze, espaneTi _ 62-ze. bolo drois yvelaze swrafad zrdadi qveynebi ki, CineTi da in-doeTi, Sesabamisad, 89-e da 133-e adgilebs ikaveben.

ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis indeqsiindeqss iTvlis `heritij faundei-Seni~.

indeqsi moicavs 10 komponents: 1. biznesis Tavisufleba; 2. vaWrobis Tavisufleba; 3. fiskaluri Tavisu-fleba; 4. mTavrobis xarjebi; 5. mo-netaruli Tavisufleba; 6. investi-ciebis Tavisufleba; 7. finansuri Tavisufleba; 8. sakuTrebis ufle-bebi; 9. korufciisgan Tavisufleba; 10. samuSao Zalis Tavisufleba.

indeqsis mixedviT, 2010 wels sa-qarTvelo 26-e adgilzea. Tumca, cvlilebebis Sesaxeb saintereso informacias indeqsis komponente-bis dinamika iZleva.

jamuri maCveneblis gamoyvanaSi TiToeul komponents erTi da igi-ve wona eniWeba, xolo Tavad kom-ponenti 0-100 skaliT fasdeba. rac ufro Tavisufalia qveyana ama Tu im mimarTulebiT, miT ufro axlo-saa Sefaseba 100-Tan. 2006 welTan SedarebiT, warmatebis mTavari mi-zezebi aris cvlilebebi biznesis Tavisuflebis maCvenebelSi, gau-mjobesda mdgomareoba vaWrobis Tavisuflebis da investiciebis Tavisuflebis kuTxiT. rac yvela-ze mniSvnelovania, aris cvlile-bebi sakuTrebis uflebebis da ko-rufciisgan Tavisuflebis kuTxiT. sakuTrebis uflebebis dacvis ku-TxiT SeiniSneba mciredi progre-si, 2006 wlis 30-dan maCvenebelma aiwia 40-mde, 2010 wels, magram am konkretul ricxvs sityvebSi Tu gadaviyvanT, Tavad fondis meTo-dologiiT, niSnavs, rom `sakuTre-bis uflebebi naklebad daculia,~... da rom èqspropriacia SesaZlebe-lia~. korufciisgan Tavisuflebis kuTxiTac aris mciredi progresi: Tu 2006 wels aRniSnuli komponen-

ti Sefasebuli iyo 20-iT (rac niS-navs, rom korufciis done Zalian maRalia), 2010 wels Sefaseba aris _ 39. aris komponentebi, sadac mdgomareoba gauaresda 2006 wel-Tan SedarebiT. magaliTad, mTa-vrobis xarjebis komponentis Se-fasebam 2006 wlis 90.8-dan daiwia 2010 wlis 65.3-mde. es ki imas niSna-vs, rom mTavrobis xarjebis zrdis kvalobaze, savaraudod, biurokra-tia izrdeba. amgvarad, aRniSnulma cvlilebebma, SesaZloa, gamoiwvios mwarmoeblurobis kleba, resurse-bis gadamisamarTeba konkretuli mimarTulebiT, `gamodevnis efe-qti~ kapitalis bazarze da maRali inflacia.

indeqsis komponentebs Soris yvelaze cudi mdgomareoba gvaqvs sakuTrebis uflebebis dacvis da korufciis kuTxiT. garemoSi, sa-dac ar aris daculi kerZo saku-Treba da aris korufcia, mdgrad ekonomikur zrdaze laparakic ze-dmetia. ekonomikuri zrdis fun-damentis Sesaqmnelad sakuTrebis uflebebis dacva da korufciis aR-mofxvra aucilebel, magram arasak-maris pirobebs warmoadgens, Tumca am faqtorebis ugulebelyofa pir-dapir urtyams stimulebs, romle-bic samewarmeo unarebis da ideebis warmatebul biznesebSi gadazrdas iwvevs.

saxelmwifoebrivi warumateblobis indeqsiindeqss iTvlis mSvidobis fondi (The Fund for Peace).

indeqsi moicavs socialur, eko-nomikur da politikur komponente-bs. ufro konkretulad, Sedgeba 12 maCveneblisgan, romlebic asaxavs informacias demografiuli pro-blemebis, ltolvilTa masobrivi gadaadgilebis, adamianuri resur-sebis gadinebis, araTanabari ekono-mikuri ganviTarebis, ekonomikuri aqtivobis swrafi an mniSvnelovani Semcirebis, xelisuflebis delegi-timaciis, mTavrobis mier gaweuli momsaxurebis xarisxis Semcirebis, adamianis uflebebis darRvevebis, usafrTxoebis sistemis, elit-jgu-febis formirebis da sxva saxel-mwifoebis mxridan intervenciebis Sesaxeb. indeqsis gamoyvaniT, fon-dis mTavari mizania ama Tu im qvey-nis saxelmwifoebriobis CamoSlis riskianobis dadgena.

TiToeuli maCvenebeli fasdeba 10-baliani skaliT. jamuri qula gamoiyvaneba individualuri maCve-neblebis martivi dajamebiT. rac ufro axlos aris qveynis maCvene-beli 120-Tan, miT ufro maRalia saxelmwifoebriobis CamoSlis al-baToba. riskianobis mixedviT, ga-moyofen 4 dones: Zalian saxifaTo (jamuri qula 90-sa da 120-s Soris),

ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis indeqsi

saqarTvelos ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis indeqsis 10 komponenti

msoflio reitingi: 26 regionaluri reitingi: 43-dan me-14

87.9 64.6 49.0

74.2 48.5

75.4 43.8

65.0 40.5

70.6 62.1

saS.biznesis Tavisufleba investiciebis Tavisufleba

vaWrobis Tavisufleba finansuri Tavisufleba

fiskaluri Tavisufleba sakuTrebis uflebebi

monetaruli Tavisufleba samuSao Zalis Tavisufleba

mTavrobis xarjebi korufciisgan Tavisufleba

saS.

saS. saS.

saS. saS.

saS. saS.

saS. saS.

70.0

89.1 60.0

89.1 40.0

65.3 39.0

70.2 93.7

qveynis ganviTareba ar aris mxolod ekonomikuri procesi,

miT ufro, ar aris ganpirobebuli martivi teqnikuri

faqtorebiT. qveynis ganviTareba bevrad kompleqsuri

procesia da Sefasebebis dros sistemur midgomas saWiroebs.


ekonomika

biznesis keTebis simartivis indeqsi - http://www.doingbusiness.org/economyrankings/ ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis indeqsi - http://www.heritage.org/Index/Explore.aspxsaxelmwifoebrivi warumateblobis indeqsi - http://www.fundforpeace.org/web/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=391&Itemid=549ganxiluli indeqsebi ar aris sruli CamonaTvali, arsebobs sxvadasxva tipis indeqsebi, romlebic, xSir SemTxvevaSi, ukeTesad asaxa-

ven realobas ama Tu im mimarTulebiT, Tumca aq moyvanili indeqsebi SerCeulia maTdami gamoxatuli interesis mixedviT.

informacia indeqsebis Sesaxeb SesaZlebelia ixiloT Semdeg oficialur vebgverdebze:

saxifaTo (60-90), zomieri (30-60) da mdgradi (0-30). 2006-2008 wle-bis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos ja-muri qula iyo, Sesabamisad, 82.2, 82.3 da 82.8 da am xnis ganmavlobaSi qveyana Sedioda saxifaTo qveyne-bis jgufSi (2006-2008 wlebSi, me-

qveyana

reitingi

jam

i

demograf

iuli problemebi

ltolvilebi da iZulebiT

gad

aadgilebuli pirebi

mas

obrivi ukm

ayofileba

adam

ian

uri resursebis

gad

ineba

araT

anab

ari eko

nomikuri

gan

viTareba

eko

nomikuri aqtivobis

Semcireba

xelisuflebis delegitimac

ia

mTavro

bis

mier gaweuli mom-

saxureb

is x

aris

xis

Sem

cireb

a

adam

ian

is uflebebis

darRvevebi

usaf

rTxoebis sistemebi

elit-jgufebis formireba

sxva sax

elmwifoebis

mxridan

intervenciebi

s o ma l i 1 114.7 9.8 9.9 9.7 8.5 7.7 9.5 10.0 9.9 9.9 10.0 10.0 9.8

zimbabve 2 114.0 9.8 9.1 9.1 10.0 9.7 10.0 9.8 9.8 9.9 9.7 9.5 7.6

su dan i 3 112.4 9.0 9.8 9.9 9.0 9.6 7.0 9.8 9.5 9.8 9.7 9.5 9.8

Cadi 4 112.2 9.3 9.4 9.8 7.8 9.3 8.3 9.8 9.6 9.5 9.9 9.8 9.7

ko ngos de m. resp . 5 108.7 9.7 9.6 8.9 8.1 9.3 8.3 8.6 9.2 9.0 9.7 8.7 9.6

erayi 6 108.6 8.7 8.9 9.7 9.1 8.6 7.6 9.0 8.4 9.3 9.7 9.6 10.0

avRaneTi 7 108.2 9.3 8.9 9.6 7.2 8.4 8.3 9.8 8.9 8.8 9.9 9.1 10.0

centr. afrikis resp. 8 105.4 8.9 9.0 8.6 5.7 9.1 8.4 9.3 9.3 8.9 9.6 9.5 9.1

gvi nea 9 104.6 8.5 7.1 8.2 8.6 8.9 8.7 9.8 9.2 9.0 9.4 9.2 8.0

pakistani 10 104.1 8.3 8.6 9.6 8.3 8.8 6.4 9.1 7.5 8.9 9.5 9.6 9.5

ko t-d'iuar i 11 102.5 8.6 7.8 9.0 8.4 8.1 8.3 9.1 8.0 8.5 8.5 8.5 9.7

haiti 12 101.8 9.3 5.8 7.3 8.6 8.2 8.9 9.2 9.5 8.5 8.4 8.3 9.8

bu rma 13 101.5 9.0 8.8 8.9 6.0 9.5 8.2 9.5 9.0 9.0 8.4 8.7 6.5

kenia 14 101.4 9.0 9.0 8.6 8.3 8.8 7.5 9.0 8.0 8.2 8.0 8.8 8.2

nigeria 15 99.8 8.5 5.3 9.7 8.3 9.5 6.6 9.2 9.0 8.6 9.4 9.6 6.1

eTiopia 16 98.9 9.4 8.0 8.2 7.7 8.8 8.3 7.9 8.2 8.5 7.5 8.8 7.6

Cr. korea 17 98.3 8.5 6.0 7.2 5.0 8.8 9.6 9.8 9.6 9.5 8.3 7.8 8.2

iemeni 18 98.1 8.9 6.9 9.4 8.4 9.0 8.0 8.5 8.0 7.6 8.0 8.9 6.5

bangladeSi 19 98.1 8.8 7.9 7.7 7.4 8.9 8.2 8.3 8.5 7.7 8.4 9.0 7.3

aRm. ti m o r i 20 97.2 8.4 9.0 7.3 5.7 6.8 8.4 9.4 8.4 7.0 9.0 8.8 9.0

uganda 21 96.9 8.7 9.3 8.0 6.5 8.7 7.6 8.0 8.0 7.7 8.2 8.2 8.0

Sr i lanka 22 96.7 7.5 9.3 9.8 6.9 8.5 6.1 9.0 6.6 8.5 9.2 9.2 6.1

nigeri 23 96.5 9.5 6.4 8.5 6.3 7.6 9.2 8.7 9.5 8.2 7.4 7.1 8.1

burundi 24 95.7 9.2 8.1 7.5 6.5 8.4 8.0 7.5 9.0 7.6 7.3 7.7 8.9

nepali 25 95.4 8.3 6.8 8.7 6.0 9.3 8.5 8.0 7.4 8.7 8.1 8.4 7.2

kameruni 26 95.3 8.0 7.5 7.2 8.0 8.9 6.9 9.2 8.0 8.0 7.8 8.7 7.1

gvinea-bisau 27 94.8 8.6 6.5 5.8 7.0 8.5 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.0 8.5 8.0 8.1

malavi 28 93.8 9.3 6.3 5.9 8.3 8.5 9.1 8.3 8.8 7.5 5.6 7.8 8.4

libani 29 93.5 7.0 9.0 9.2 7.2 7.4 6.3 7.8 6.2 6.9 9.1 9.1 8.3

kongos resp. 30 93.1 8.9 7.8 6.5 6.1 8.0 8.0 8.6 8.8 7.9 7.8 7.1 7.6

uzbekeTi 31 92.8 7.9 5.3 7.4 7.0 8.7 7.2 9.0 6.6 9.2 9.0 9.0 6.5

siera leone 32 92.1 8.9 6.9 6.6 8.5 8.4 8.6 7.4 8.7 7.0 6.1 7.7 7.3

saqarTvelo 33 91.8 6.4 8.3 8.5 6.0 7.5 6.0 9.0 6.3 7.5 7.9 8.9 9.5

liberia 34 91.8 8.6 8.0 6.1 6.8 8.5 8.2 7.0 8.5 6.7 6.9 7.9 8.6

burkina faso 35 91.3 9.0 6.0 6.1 6.5 9.0 8.2 7.9 9.0 6.5 7.5 7.6 8.0

eriTrea 36 90.3 8.6 7.0 5.8 6.5 6.0 8.6 8.6 8.6 7.9 7.4 7.7 7.6

tajikeTi 37 90.3 8.2 6.4 6.9 6.5 7.3 7.5 8.9 7.6 8.6 7.5 8.4 6.5

irani 38 90.0 6.5 8.5 7.6 6.8 7.4 5.5 8.3 6.0 8.9 8.6 9.1 6.8

saxelmwifoebrivi warumateblobis indeqsi

modis ltolvilTa masobrivi gada-adgilebis, araTanabari ganviTare-bis, ekonomikuri aqtivobis Semci-rebis, mTavrobis delegitimaciis, adamianTa uflebebis darRvevis da sagareo intervenciis faqtorebze. rac Seexeba elit-jgufebis formi-rebis problemas (mmarTveli Zalis fragmentacia, anu mmarTvel eli-taSi gavlenis jgufebis formireba da am jgufebs Soris saxelisuflo institutebis gadanawileba, nacio-naluri ritorikis momZlavreba, religiuri TemebiT apelireba), am mimarTulebiT mdgomareoba wlidan wlamde uaresdeba. maCvenebeli 2006 wlis 7.1-dan gaizarda 8.9-mde, 2009 wels.

ratom ar aisaxa bolo indeqsiT naCvenebi tendenciebi sxva indeqse-bSi? martivi mizezis gamo _ maCve-neblebi, romlebic biznesis keTe-bis simartivis da ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis indeqsis gaTvlisas gamoiyeneba, ar moicavs ekonomi-kur, politikur da socialur ma-Cveneblebs, romlebic gamoiyeneba saxelmwifoebrivi warumateblobis indeqsis daTvlisas. zogadad, qvey-nis ganviTareba ar aris mxolod ekonomikuri procesi, miT ufro, ar aris ganpirobebuli martivi te-qnikuri faqtorebiT. qveynis ganvi-Tareba bevrad kompleqsuri proce-sia da Sefasebebis dros sistemur midgomas saWiroebs. indeqsebis deskrifciuli analizi ver iZleva seriozuli daskvnebis gakeTebis saSualebas, Tumca, erTi ram cxa-dia: biznesis keTebis simartivis da ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis indeq-sebiT apelireba da maT mier asaxu-li cvlilebebis progresad mona-Tvla utrirebaa. sinamdvileSi, yvelaze Sinaarsobrivi indeqsis mi-xedviT, realoba bevrad ufro mwva-vea, vidre is 2006 wels iyo.

60, 58 da 57 poziciebi). 2009 wels ki qveynis jamurma qulam Seadgina 91.8 da saqarTvelo gadavida Za-lian saxifaTo qveynebis jgufSi, 33-e poziciaze. yvela maCvenebliT mdgomareoba gauaresda, Tumca ne-gatiuri cvlilebebis didi nawili


"xeli xels hbans" da orive erTad -

"nacionalur moZraobas"


quTaisis TviTmmarTvelobas ramdenime favoriti kerZo kompania hyavs. swored

es firmebi finansdebian biujetidan milionebiT, sanacvlod ki, aRniSnuli

kompaniebi saxelisuflebo partiis saarCevno fondebs afinanseben.

maia mecxvariSvili, specialurad studia `monitorisaTvis~

am droisTvis quTaisis adgilo-brivi biujeti 61 654 200 lars Sead-gens. swored am TanxiT xorcieldeba quTaisSi mTeli rigi infrastruqtu-ruli proeqtebi, risTvisac xelisu-fleba saxelmwifo Sesyidvebs kerZo kompaniebisgan axorcielebs.

sabiujeto saxsrebiT nebismieri saqonlis, momsaxurebisa da samSene-blo samuSaos Sesyidvis process sa-xelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb kanoni aregulirebs. am kanoniT, tenderis gareSe erT pirTan molaparakebis forma gamoiyeneba mxolod im Se-mTxvevaSi, roca Sesasyidi saqonlis an momsaxurebis savaraudo Rire-buleba ar aRemateba 50 000 lars, xolo samuSaos savaraudo Rirebu-leba _ 100 000 lars. sxva danarCen SemTxvevaSi, saxelmwifo Sesyidva unda ganxorcieldes tenderis gziT. miuxedavad amisa, quTaisis TviTm-marTveloba TiTqmis yvela msxvil saxelmwifo Sesyidvas ara tenderis, aramed erT pirTan molaparakebis gziT axorcielebs.

`Tuki arsebobs uflebamosili organos gadawyvetileba, rom mie-niWos quTaisis merias erT pirTan molaparakebis xelSekrulebis ga-formeba, es dasaSvebi xdeba moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT, magram miuxedavad imisa, rom es ar aris kanonis darR-veva, mainc SegviZlia miviCnioT ko-rufciis mniSvnelovan wyarod~, _


acxadebs saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis iuristi Tamar korZaia.

quTaisis meriaSi ganmartaven, rom erT pirTan molaparakebis xel-Sekrulebebs kerZo firmebTan kano-niT dadgenil monetarul zRvarze met Tanxaze saqarTvelos mTavrobis Sesabamisi gankargulebebis safu-Zvelze aformeben.

`Cven TxovniT mivmarTavT xolme saqarTvelos mTavrobas, rom neba dagvrTon, saxelmwifo Sesyidva ganvaxorcieloT erT pirTan mola-parakebis gziT da amis safuZvelze vaformebT xelSekrulebebs firmeb-Tan. saxelmwifo Sesyidvis am formas viyenebT im proeqtebTan dakavSire-biT, romlebic SemWidroebul vade-bSi unda ganxorcieldes. tenderis Catareba did drosTan aris dakavSi-rebuli, erT pirTan molaparakebiT ki es procesi droSi aRar iweleba~, _ acxadebs quTaisis meris pirveli moadgile merab meSveliani.

`saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb

kanoni imisTvisaa, rom Semsyidvel-ma organizaciebma winaswar dagegmon momavali wlis Sesyidvebi. es praqti-ka ki, rodesac mTavroba apelirebs vadebis SemWidroebis auciloblo-baze, niSnavs imas, rom am qveyanaSi sruli ugegmoba sufevs da xelisu-flebas ara aqvs dagegmili, ra unda gaakeTos~, _ acxadebs Tamar korZaia.

aris Tu ara vadebis SemWidroeba gadaudeblad aucilebeli im pro-eqtebTan dakavSirebiT, rac wels quTaisSi erT pirTan molaparakebis gziT xorcieldeba? _ amis sailus-traciod am proeqtebis mokle Ca-monaTvals gagacnobT: am proeqtebs Sorisaa, magaliTad, quTaisSi daxu-ruli sacurao auzis (erT pirTan molaparakebis xelSekruleba gafor-mebulia 1 600 000 larze), CogburTis kortebis (erT pirTan molaparakebis

xelSekruleba gaformebulia 760 000 larze), `torpedos~ stadionis (erT pirTan molaparakebis xelSekruleba gaformebulia 2 milion larze), par-lamentis axali Senobis mSenebloba (am droisTvis erT pirTan molapa-rakebis xelSekrulebebi gaformebu-lia 2 milionze met larze) da sxva.

Sesyidvebi erT pirTan molaparakebiT

2010 wels yvelaze soliduri SekveTebi quTaisis TviTmmarTve-lobisgan Tbilisur firmas _ Sps `dags~ ergo wilad. swored `dagi~ SeirCa erT pirTan molaparakebis gziT `torpedos~ stadionis uefa-s standartebTan dasaaxloeblad. sta-dionis rekonstruqciisTvis `dag-ma~ quTaisis biujetidan 2 milioni lari miiRo.

`Sps `dagi~ SeirCa misi gamocdi-lebisa da profesionalizmis gaTva-liswinebiT. mas manamde yvela samu-Sao aqvs pirnaTlad Sesrulebuli~, _ acxadebs quTaisis meriis aparatis

mTavari specialisti qeTi deisaZe, Tumca Cvens SekiTxvaze, daesaxele-binaT am firmis mier `manamde pir-naTlad Sesrulebuli samuSaoebi~ quTaisSi, merias pasuxi ar aRmo-aCnda. gavarkvieT mxolod is, rom Sps `dagi~ quTaisSi wels kidev erT obieqts aremontebs: oficialuri informaciiT, quTaisis operis Tea-tris reabilitaciisTvis gamocxade-bul tenderSi am kompaniam dabali fasis gamo gaimarjva _ samuSaoebs, romlisTvisac meriam 3 675 500 lari gamoyo, Sps `dagi~ naxevar fasad _ 1 700 218 larad asrulebs.

`Cven mcire mogebaze varT orien-tirebulebi da amitom vTavazobT aseT dabal fasebs~, _ acxadebs Sps `dagis~ direqtori mixeil Sarangia.

quTaisis sakrebulos respubli-kel deputats vika nakaSiZes miaCnia,

rom favoriti firmebis warmatebas saxelmwifo SesyidvebTan mimarTeba-Si saerTo araferi aqvs SeTavazebul dabal fasebTan: ìs firmebi, romle-bic igeben tenderebs, an erT pirTan molaparakebiT xdebian saxelmwifo biujetidan gamoyofili Tanxebis ganmkargvelebi, oficialurad an araoficialurad arian `nacionalu-ri moZraobis~ damfinanseblebi~, _ acxadebs nakaSiZe.

Sps `dagi~ marTlac figurirebs èrTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ saarCevno fondis SemomwirvelTa nusxaSi. magaliTad, 2008 wlis 14 marts, saparlamento arCevnebamde oriode TviT adre, am firmam `na-cionalur moZraobas~ 20 000 lari Seswira; 2007 wlis 21 dekembers ki, saprezidento arCevnebamde ramdeni-me kviriT adre es firma mmarTvel partias 40 000 lariT Seewia.

àranairi Sexeba ara aqvs im faqts, rom Cveni firma iyo `nacionaluri moZraobis~ Semomwirveli imasTan, rom Cven viRebT saxelmwifo Sekve-

Tebs. rogor fiqrobT, Cven 40 aTasi rom SevwireT, amis gamo mogvces 1.5 milioni?! me aq raime paralels ver vavleb~, _ acxadebs Sps ̀ dagis~ xel-mZRvaneli mixeil Sarangia.

`nacionaluri moZraobis~ saarCe-vno fondis Semomwirvelebs Soris aRmovaCineT ss `xuroc~, romel-mac wels quTaisis biujetidan 80 000 lari miiRo gzebis saproeqto-saxarjTaRricxvo dokumentaciis mosamzadeblad. aRniSnuli kompania mmarTvel partias 2008 wlis sapre-zidento da saparlamento arCevnebis win 8000 lariT Seewia.

àseTi faqtebi xSiria, rodesac is firmebi iReben saxelmwifo dakve-Tebs, romlebic Semowirulobebs iReben politikuri partiebis dafi-nansebaSi. xdeba ise, rom jer Semowi-rulobebs iZlevian firmebi da mere

quTaisSi erT pirTan molaparakebis xelSekruleba gaformebulia: daxuruli sacurao auzi

_ 1 600 000 larze, CogburTis kortebi _ 760 000 larze, `torpedos~ stadioni _ 2 milion larze,

parlamentis axali Senobis mSenebloba _ 2 milionze met larze da sxva.


iReben saxelmwifo SekveTebs, da pi-riqiTac. mTeli msoflio aRiarebs, rom es aris korufciis nairsaxeoba~, _ acxadebs Tamar korZaia.

bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi quTaisSi kidev ara erTma firmam miiRo saxel-mwifo dakveTa, romelTa Semowiru-lobebic asaxulia èrTiani naciona-luri moZraobis~ saarCevno fondebis angariSebSi. magaliTad, 2008 wels quTaisis istoriuli ubnis keTilmo-wyobisTvis erT pirTan molaparake-bis xelSekrulebis safuZvelze Sps `dts~-m 934 278 lari miiRo biujeti-dan, imave periodSi ki es firma mmar-Tveli partiis saarCevno fonds 100 000 lariT Seewia. 75 000 lari gaiRo `samSeneblo kompania Tbilisma~ 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebamde ram-denime dRiT adre mmarTveli partiis sasargeblod, quTaisis biujetidan ki am firmam erT pirTan molaparake-bis gziT 2008 wels 5 100 000 lari miiRo. ss `samSeneblo kompania Tbi-lisma~ èrTiani nacionaluri moZra-obis~ saarCevno fonds 2006 wels 100 000 lari Seswira.

quTaisSi prezidentis uSualo me-Tvalyureobis qveS kidev erTi pro-eqti xorcieldeba _ `quTaisis muni-cipaluri wyalmomaragebis proeqti~, risTvisac 20 milioni aSS dolaria gamoyofili. marTalia, am programis-Tvis gamoyofil Tanxebs ara quTaisis TviTmmarTveloba, aramed `municipa-luri ganviTarebis fondi~ gankar-gavs, magram yuradRebas ipyrobs im firmebis nusxa, romlebic quTaisSi am programiT gaTvaliswinebul sa-muSaoebs axorcieleben. maT Sorisaa Sps ̀ niu enerji~ (romelsac 2008 wels quTaisSi, 28 quCis wylis sistemis re-abilitaciisTvis 5 604 364 lari gada-ericxa). aRniSnulma firmam èrTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ saarCevno fondSi 2008 wlis saprezidento da saparlamento arCevnebisTvis 130 000 lari Seswira. misma qvekontraqtorma firmam quTaisSi _ Sps `servisma~ ki _ 50 aTasi lari.

sakrebulos deputatebi da saxelmwifo Sesyidvebi

2007 wlis 2 ivliss quTaisis TviTmmarTvelobaSi konstituciuri

usafrTxoebis departamentma spe-coperacia Caatara da meriis Seno-bidan 27 xelborkiliani `Cinovniki~ gamoiyvana. maT Soris sakrebulos umravlesobis wevri zviad mandaria, romelsac brali sxva piris mier ganzrax danaSaulis waqezebaSi da-edo. gamoZiebam warmoadgina sate-lefono saubris Canaweri mandaria-sa da satendero komisiis erT-erT wevrs Soris, romliTac dgindeboda is faqti, rom sakrebulos deputat-ma zegavlena moaxdina satendero komisiis gadawyvetilebaze da am gziT moipova dedamisis firmam 40 aTaslariani kontraqti quTaisis TviTmmarTvelobisgan. am faqtis Semdeg Seicvala is, rom mandaria daiWires, male gaaTavisufles da sabolood sakrebulodan gawvevas daajeres. sakrebuloSi ki dRemde rCebian adamianebi, romlebic pir-dapir da iribad monawileoben biz-nes kompaniebSi da uproblemod moi-poveben sabiujeto dafinansebas am kompaniebisTvis.

erT-erTi aseTi kompania gaxla-vT ss ìberia 21~, romlis erT-erTi mflobeli da sameTvalyureo sabWos wevria sakrebulos deputati, umra-vlesobis wevri _ nestor (badri) fruiZe.

`me var am firmis 60%-is mflobe-li, ufro sworad vakontroleb 60%-s, yvela aqcia Cemi ar aris~, _ acxa-debs badri fruiZe.

ss ìberia 21~ mimdinare wels quTaisis meriis dakveTiT ramdenime proeqts axorcielebs. magaliTad, daxuruli sacurao auzis mSeneblo-bisTvis am firmam erT pirTan mo-laparakebiT biujetidan 1 600 000 lari miiRo. aseve, erT pirTan mo-laparakebis gziT da 760 000 larad aSenebs es kompania quTaisSi Cogbur-Tis kortebs. 440 000 lari ss ìbe-ria 21~-ma tenderis gziT moipova da am TanxiT tanvarjiSis darbazs aSenebs. aRniSnul firmas saxelmwi-fo dakveTebi quTaisis biujetis dafinansebiT gasul wlebSic aqvs Sesrulebuli: 2009 wels ss ìberia 21~-ma erT pirTan molaparakebiT sami xelSekruleba gaaforma quTai-sis meriasTan da saerTo jamSi, 2 764

174 lari miiRo; 2008 wels ki _ 480 000 lari.

`rodesac sakrebuloSi Semodis raime sakiTxi infrastruqturul proeqtebTan dakavSirebiT, Tqven ver warmoidgenT, rogori vnebaTa-Relva axlavs am ganxilvebs sakre-buloSi, radgan TiTqmis ar arsebobs sfero, romlis lobireba ar xdebo-des umravlesobis wevrebis mier, yve-laze rbilad rom vTqvaT, _ acxade-bs sakrebulos wevri `respublikuri partiidan~ vika nakaSiZe.

àra, batono, ra lobirebazea sau-bari? dabali fasebiT moigo Cemma kompaniam da moipova es xelSekrule-bebi~, _ acxadebs badri fruiZe.

dabal fasebze amaxvilebs yu-radRebas sakrebulos kidev erTi deputati vladimer (nukri) kverna-Zec, rodesac mas im xelSekrulebe-bze vekiTxebiT, romlebic quTai-sis meriam Sps `meoxTan~ gaaforma saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis mizniT. swored nukri kvernaZis mieraa da-fuZnebuli wlebis win Sps `meoxi~. is gaxldaT Sps `meoxis~ 100%-iani wilis mflobeli, Tumca 2010 wlis 27 ianvridan am firmis 100%-iani wilis mflobeli misi meuRle nana kvernaZea. nukri kvernaZe sakrebu-los safinanso-sarevizio komisiis Tavmjdomared jer kidev 2009 wlis 24 ivliss dainiSna da amisTvis is xelfassac iRebs (700 larze meti xelfasis saxiT+213 lari _ dana-matis saxiT yovelTviurad), Tumca am faqts misTvis ratomRac xeli ar SeuSlia, rom Tan biznes-saqmianobac ewarmoebina. Sps `meoxma~ 2010 wels erT pirTan molaparakebis gziT 129 478-lariani kontraqti moipova da am TanxiT quTaisis meriis Senobis meoTxe sarTulze 25 oTaxi gaare-monta. welsve, aRniSnulma firmam quTaisis teritoriaze arsebuli Rvarsadenebis movla-patronobis momsaxurebisTvis gamocxadebul tenderSi gaimarjva da Sedegad 11 000 lari moipova quTaisis biuje-tidan. Sps `meoxis~ direqtoris, akaki kuxalaSvilis TqmiT, TiTqmis mTlianad saxelmwifo SekveTebzea damokidebuli: àxlaxan daviwyeT Wis Tavebis warmoeba, rom gavita-



noT Tavisufal bazarze~, _ acxade-bs kuxalaSvili. misive TqmiT, Sps `meoxi~, romelsac mxolod 18 Tana-mSromeli hyavs, mravalprofiliani firmaa da, Sesabamisad, saxelmwifo dakveTebs sxvadasxva sferoSi iRe-ben, rogoricaa elmomaragebis qse-lis reabilitacia, mSenebloba, sa-remonto samuSaoebi da a.S.

`ra kavSiri aqvs Cems sakrebuloSi yofnasTan am firmis saqmianobas, ver vxvdebi?! am firmas manamdec sakmaod didi saxelmwifo dakveTebi hqonda, sanam me sakrebulos wevri gavxdebo-di. Tanac, am firmis mflobeli aRar var, Cemi meuRlis aris es firma~, _ acxadebs nukri kvernaZe.

saqarTvelos axalgazrda iurist-Ta asociaciis iuristis Tamar kor-Zaias TqmiT, saxelmwifo Sesyidve-bis Sesaxeb kanonis me-8 muxlis me-2 punqtSi miTiTebulia, rom dauSve-belia, Sesyidvisas masSi monawileo-bis msurvelma an/da monawile pirma Semsyidvel organizacias (mis xel-mZRvanels, TanamSromels) an saxel-mwifo marTvis struqturebs da maT warmomadgenlebs mimarTos TxovniT Suamdgomlobis Sesaxeb, an moaxdinos maTze pirdapiri an faruli zegavle-

na nebismieri gziT, raTa moipovos misTvis xelsayreli xelSekrulebis dadebis ufleba.

`marTalia, es Zalian zogadi de-bulebaa, magram saubaria pirdapir da irib zegavlenaze. am SemTxvevaSi, sakrebulos wevrs, romelic akon-trolebs merias (gakontroleba ki niSnavs imasac, rom amowmebs saxel-mwifo Sesyidvis Sesaxeb xelSekru-lebebsac), aqvs faruli zegavlenis moxdenis SesaZlebloba, rom Tundac misi meuRlis firmis sasargeblod moipovos xelSekruleba~, _ acxadebs Tamar korZaia.

sainteresoa is faqti, rom quTais-Si 2010 wels TiTqmis yvela mniSv-nelovan proeqts Tbilisuri kom-paniebi axorcieleben sabiujeto saxsrebiT. gamonaklisi mxolod es ori firmaa (Sps `meoxi~ da ss ìberia 21~), visganac quTaisis meriam wels saxelmwifo Sesyidva ganaxorciela.

`Cven mravalwliani gamocdile-ba gvaqvs gzebis reabilitaciis ku-


TxiT, magram verc SarSan da verc wels verc erT tenderSi ver movi-poveT gamarjveba. samagierod, iseT firmebs gaamarjvebines, romlebsac am kuTxiT aranairi gamocdileba ar gaaCniaT~, _ acxadebs Sps àradanis~ xelmZRvaneli mamuka TevdoraZe.

saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebebis gaformebisas, quTaisis meriisTvis, gamocdilebas rom aranairi mniSvneloba ar aqvs, amaze is faqtic miuTiTebs, Tu ro-gor SeirCa quTaisSi parlamentis mSeneblobisTvis `didebis memoria-lis~ demontaJis ganmxorcielebuli firma. Sps `saqmilsadenmSens~ gasul wels quTaisis meriam ise gauforma 600-aTaslariani kontraqti Zeglis afeTqebis Taobaze, rom am firmas burRva-afeTqebiTi samuSaoebis ara-nairi gamocdileba ar hqonda. sabo-loo jamSi ki, Zeglis demontaJsa da afeTqebas, raSic quTaisis meriam 470 280 lari gadaixada, ori adamiani emsxverpla.

Jurnalisturi gamoZieba momzadebulia studia `monitoris~ proeqtis farglebSi.Jurnalisturi gamoZieba ganxorcielda evrokavSiris finansuri mxardaWeriT.

quTaisis

adgilobrivi

biujeti

nacionaluri

moZraoba

Sps `dagi~2 000 000 20 000

Sps `dagi~1 700 218 40 000

ss `xuro~80 000 8 000

Sps `dts~934 278 100 000

sk `Tbilisi~5 100 000 75 000

Sps `niu enerji~5 604 364 130 000

kompaniis mier adgi-

lobrivi biujetidan

saxelmwifo dakveTe-

bis Sesasruleblad

miRebuli Tanxebi

amave kompaniis mier

`nacionaluri moZra-

obisTvis~ Sewiruli

Tanxebi sxvadasxva

arCevnebis win


morigi "saxalxo revolucia"

2010 wlis gazafxulze yirgizeTi isev samoqalaqo omis safrTxis winaSe dadga.

aleqsandr morgolisi, specialurad `liberalisTvis~, biSkeki 2010 wlis 9 aprili

8 aprils, diliT, axali `saxalxo revoluciis~ meore dRes biSkekma Zalagamoclilma gamoiRviZa. di-lis 6 saaTsa da 15 wuTze fiqtiu-ri komendantis saaTi dasrulda. quCebSi municipaluri transpor-ti ar Canda. kantikuntad Cavli-li mikroavtobusebi im mgzavrebs agrovebdnen, visTvisac sul er-Tia xelisuflebisTvis brZola da klanuri garCevebi. mgzavrebs So-ris umravlesoba rusulenovania, saSualo da ufrosi asakis adamia-nebi. sabWoTa Taoba samsaxurSi mi-dis. salonis kuTxeSi mjdomi qali ufross urekavda da uxsnida, Tu ratom agviandeboda.

wina dRes yirgizeTSi mTavro-ba isev revoluciiT Seicvala. fiqtiuri prezidenti kurmanbek bakievi gaiqca da qveyanas droebi-Ti mTavroba marTavs. roza otun-baevam Tavi yirgizeTis axal mmar-Tvelad gamoacxada.

bakievis opozicia sisxliani areulobis Sedegad aRmoCnda xe-lisuflebaSi. opoziciis mxarda-mWerebisa da samxedroebis Setake-

bas yirgizeTSi 100-mde adamians sicocxle emsxverpla, daaxloebiT 1500 ki daiWra. 9 da 10 aprili yir-gizeTSi glovis dRed gamocxadda.

am mdgomareobamde biSkeki da yirgizeTis qalaqebi opoziciisa da xelisuflebis dapirispire-bis Sedegad mivida. saprotesto gamosvlebi 2010 wlis 6 aprils daiwyo.

7 aprils momitingeebs biSkekSi regionebis mosaxleoba SeuerTda. aqciis monawileebma gaerTianebu-li ZalebiT samTavrobo Senobebi daikaves. xelisuflebam ki maT wi-naaRmdeg cecxlis gaxsnis brZaneba gasca, Tumca miliciam xalxis naka-dis SeCereba mainc ver SeZlo.

gorkis quCaze ngrevis kvali mo-Cans. Camtvreulia maRaziis minebi. gzajvaredini SesafuTi qaRaldiT, manekenebiT, fexsacmlis yuTebiT da ludis boTlebiTaa mofenili. Senobebis Tavze kvamli Cans. gzas sagadasaxado inspeqciis TiTqmis ukve damwvar Senobamde mivyavarT.

mas Semdeg, rac bakievis xeli-suflebam Tavi samxreT regions _

jalal-abads Seafara, opoziciam droebiTi mmarTveloba gamoacxa-da. milicia maT mxares gadavida; Secvales generaluri prokurori, daiTxoves parlamenti, gadaibares prezidentisa da ministrTa kabine-tis funqciebi.

droebiTma mTavrobam qveynis marTva sakuTar Tavze aiRo naxe-vari wliT, momaval arCevnebamde. isini ukve bakievis kabinetSi gegma-ven saWiro qmedebebs im saxelmwifo sakuTrebis obieqtebis dasabrune-blad, romlebic bakievis ojaxis wevrebma Caigdes. roza otunbaevam ganacxada, rom rac SeiZleba swra-fad dawevs eleqtro da siTburi energiis tarifebs, aseve sakvebi produqtebis fasebs Seamcirebs. droebiTi mTavrobis generalur-ma prokuraturam bakievis ojaxis wevrebis winaaRmdeg saqme aRZra. iZebnebian prezidentis Zma Janibek bakievi (prezidentis dacvis sam-saxuris yofili ufrosi), Svilebi _ maqsim (prezidentis administra-ciis sainvesticio samsaxuris yo-fili ufrosi) da marat (erovnuli



usafrTxoebis samsaxuris yofili ufrosi) bakievebi.

„arsebobs Cvenebebi, romelTa safuZvelzec, moqalaqeebisTvis cecxlis gaxsna am adamianebis br-ZanebiT moxda, amitom unda dai-sajon!~ _ ganacxada yirgizeTis axalma generalurma prokurorma baitemir ibraevma. Tumca, rogorc droebiTi mTavrobis wevrebma gana-cxades, bakievis Zmam Tavi samxre-Tis regions, oSs Seafara, Svilebma ki qveyana datoves.

axali erovnuli usafrTxoebis samsaxuris ufrosma keneSbek duSba-evma ganacxada, rom bakievi jalal-abadSi erT adgilas ar Cerdeba. mis garSemo yovelTvis dacvis 15-20 wevria. „Cven yovelTvis SegviZlia miviRoT zomebi, magram am nabijs ar gadavdgamT“, _ ambobs duSbaevi.

droebiTma mTavrobam kurmanbek bakievs gadadgoma mosTxova. „sa-nacvlod, mis pirad usafrTxoebas da qveynis mSvidobiT datovebas Cven uzrunvelvyofT“, _ ganacxada roza otunbaevam. Tumca bakievma, gadadgomis nacvlad, opozicias molaparakebebis dawyeba SesTava-za. prezidentma ganacxada, rom biSkekSi dabrunebis SemTxvevaSi, mas moklaven da Setakebebis dros daRvril sisxlze pasuxs agebineben.

„me qveyanaSi unda davrCe da sa-moqalaqo oms SevuSalo xeli. amis safrTxes qveynis CrdiloeT da

samxreT nawilebs Soris dapiris-pireba qmnis!~ _ ganacxada bakie-vma „bibisi“-sTan satelefono sau-barSi. man mTeli pasuxismgebloba opozicias daakisra.

miuxedavad imisa, rom yirgizeT-Si droebiTma mTavrobam situaciis kontroli Tavis Tavze aiRo, mdgo-mareoba ar ganmuxtula. qveyana

revoluciam, romelic

yirgizeTis prezidentis

kurmanbek bakievis gaqce-

viT dasrulda, Tavidan

daayena dRis wesrigSi

ruseTisa da amerikis da-

pirispireba centraluri

aziisaTvis brZolaSi.

dapirispirebis mizezi

yirgizeTSi mdebare

amerikuli „manasis“ sa-

mxedro bazaa, romelic

avRaneTis amerikul

kontingents amaragebs.

politikosebis is jgufi,

romelmac yirgizeT-

Si xelSi aiRo qveynis

marTva, miuTiTebs,

rom `manasis~ bazasTan

dakavSirebuli gegmebi,

SesaZlebelia, Seicvalos.

omurbek takebaevma,

romelic qveynis axal

konstituciaze muSaobs,

saagento `roiters~ ga-

nucxada: `Tqven dainaxeT,

rom [ruseTSi] ar dauma-

lavT sixaruli bakievis

wasvlis gamo. anu axla

imis didi albaTobaa, rom

amerikis bazis yirgi-

zeTSi arsebobis vadebi

Semcirdes~.

Tumca arc isaa gamori-

cxuli, rom droebiTma

mTavrobam aRmoaCinos,

rom `manasi~ (gasul

wels mas, yirgizebis

moTxovniT, `satranzi-

to centri~ daarqves )

Semosavlis kargi wyaroa

qveynisTvis.

SarSan prezidenti bakievi

amerikuli bazis Taobaze

erTdroulad evaWreboda

rusebs da amerikelebs.

Tavidan yirgizeTis

prezidentma gamoacxada,

rom „manasi“ unda dai-

xuros, ris Semdegac man

rusebisgan 2 miliardi

dolaris krediti miiRo.

Tumca amerikelebma

bazis SesanarCuneblad

yirgizeTis prezidents

teritoriis arendis

gadasaxadi 17 milionidan

60 milionamde gauzardes.

am xelSekrulebas vada

2010 wlis ivlisSi gadis.

eqspertebis umravlesoba

fiqrobs, rom amerikis

baza yirgizeTSi funq-

cionirebas ganagrZobs,

radgan es erTaderTi

mizezia, rom amerikeleb-

ma am qveynis mimarT inte-

resi SeinarCunon. amave

dros yirgizeTis axal

mTavrobas gauWirdeba,

uari Tqvas Semosavlis am

wyaroze.

yirgizeTSi amerikuli bazis momavali bundovania

orad gaiyo. CrdiloeTi nawili, dedaqalaqi biSkeki da 4 regioni axalma „saxalxo revoluciam“ moi-cva. samxreTis sami regioni _ ba-tkeni, oSi da jalal-abadi isev bakievis gavlenis qveS darCa. cen-traluri aziis strategiulad mniSvnelovani qveyana samoqalaqo omis safrTxis winaSe dadga.

revolucia yirgizeTSi, biSkeki, 6-8 aprili 2010


politikuri krizisis mizezebi

mRelvare molodinisaxelmwifos klanuri marTva, tarifebisa da fasebis

mkveTri zrda, konstituciis ugulebelyofiT

prezidentis uflebamosilebis mateba da korufcia

gaxda im mRelvarebis mizezi, ramac yirgizeTi

xelisuflebis Secvlamde miiyvana.

almaz kaleti, specialurad `liberalisTvis~, biSkeki

Sua aziis centrSi mdebare, yo-fil sabWoTa, patara saxelmwifo _ yirgizeTSi 2010 wlis aprilSi kidev erTxel Seicvala mTavroba. axali xelisuflebis droebiTma xelmZRvanelma roza otunbaevam pirvelive preskonferenciaze ga-nacxada: `rac gnebavT, is uwodeT 2010 wlis aprilis movlenebs _ revolucia an samoqalaqo masebis gamosvla~.

qveyanaSi momxdari movlenebis Sefasebisas jer kidev yvela frT-xilobs. saxelmwifos nominalurad moqmedma xelmZRvanelma, romelic biSkekidan gaqcevis Semdeg qvey-nis samxreTSi, Tavis sagvareulo sofelSi daimala, yirgizeTSi mo-xdar movlenebs SeiaraRebuli ga-datrialeba uwoda.

Tavad kurmanbek bakievi xelisu-flebaSi xuTi wlis win movida `ti-tebis revoluciis~ Sedegad, ro-melic saqarTvelosa da ukrainis revoluciebis kvaldakval moxda. maSin gadayenebulma prezidentma askar akaevmac momxdars gadatria-leba uwoda da aSS `titebis revo-luciis~ dafinansebaSi daadanaSau-la. amjerad ki, analitikosebisa da politikuri Zalebis azriT, am yvelaferSi moskovis xeli urevia.

oficialurma moskovma saswra-fod ganacxada, rom is, rac yir-gizeTSi xdeba, yirgizeTis saSinao saqmea, da ruseTs am yvelaferTan araviTari saerTo ar aqvs. Tumca, ruseTis xelisuflebam erT-erTma pirvelma gamoxata axali droebiTi mTavrobisadmi mxardaWera. ruse-Tis premier-ministrma vladimir putinma yirgizeTis movlenebis Se-fasebisas gansakuTrebulad aRniS-na, rom yvelaferSi damnaSavea pre-zidenti bakievi, romelmac qveyana TiTqmis saojaxo kompaniad aqcia.

miuxedavad imisa, rom pirveli ori wlis manZilze prezidenti bakievi mkveTrad akritikebda Tavis winamorbed akaevs qveynis ojaxuri marTvis gamo, misi xelisuflebaSi mosvlis Semdeg igive ganmeorda. prezident bakievis ufrosi vaJi erovnuli usafrTxoebis samsaxu-ris Tavmjdomaris moadgile gaxda.

faqtobrivad, is qveynis yvela Za-lovan struqturas akontrole-bda. umcrosi vaJi, maqsim bakievi prezidentis administraciis axal, sainvesticio saagentos xelmZR-vanelobda. maT garda, mTavrobis saxlSi bakievebis ojaxis kidev 5 wevri iyo.

maqsim bakievs yirgizuli biz-nesis rux kardinals uwodebdnen. yvela sagareo investicia mxo-lod mis saagentoSi akumulirde-boda. praqtikulad, prezidentis umcrosi vaJis uwyebam qveynis xe-lisufleba Secvala da mas mxo-lod nominaluri funqciebi dau-tova. saagentos mokle, magram

saeWvo muSaobis periodSi momxda-ri ukanonobis gaxmaurebis SiSiT, xelisuflebam damoukidebel ra-diosadgur àzatiksa~ da zogierT damoukidebel gazeTs mauwyebloba aukrZala.

hidroenergetikuli da energo-gamanawilebeli kompaniebis gasxvi-sebis saeWvo tenderebis Sedegad yirgizeTSi Tbo da eleqtroener-giis tarifebi 10-15-jer gaizarda. amasTan, bolo ori wlis manZilze, zamTarSi, viTomda hidroeleqtro-sadgurebze wylis ukmarisobis gamo, mTel qveyanaSi 12-15 saaTiT TiSavdnen eleqtrobas. martidan moimata gazis tarifmac.


askar akaevi kurmanbek bakievi


tarifebis zrdam sakvebi pro-duqtebisa da yvelanairi momsa-xurebis gaZvireba gamoiwvia, rac mkveTrad aisaxa qveynis TiTqmis yvela moqalaqis cxovrebis done-ze. am yvelafers ukmayofilebis mkveTri mateba mohyva. wels, Te-bervalSi opoziciam gadawyvita, moqalaqeebis ukmayofilebiT esar-gebla, da 2006-2007 wlis waruma-tebeli aqciebisTvis revanSi aeRo.

4 wlis win masobrivi samoqalaqo mRelvarebis dros, rodesac xalxi prezident bakievisTvis impiCments iTxovda, xelisuflebam daWerebi-Ta da darbeviT opoziciis SeCere-ba SeZlo.

axlandeli opozicia, romelic xelisuflebaSi 7 aprils movida, wamyvani opoziciuri partiebis liderebi arian. zogierTi maT-gani manamde bakievis mTavrobis SemadgenlobaSi iyo, magram, po-litikuri uTanxmoebis gamo, opo-ziciaSi gadavidnen. opoziciis ma-sobriv gamosvlebs saTaveSi edga roza otunbaeva, romelsac eqs-prezidentma akaevma 2005 wels re-voluciis `lokomotivi~ uwoda. roza otunbaeva akaevisa da bakie-vis mTavrobebSi sagareo saqmeTa ministrad muSaobda, magram Ti-Toeul am prezidentTan politi-kuri uTanxmoebis gamo, datova es postebi. roza otunbaeva sabWoTa droSi sabWoTa kavSiris elCi iyo iunesko-Si.

Tanamdebobidan gadadgomis Se-mdeg, akaevis mmarTvelobis dros gaero-s generaluri mdivnis spe-cwarmomadgenlis moadgiled muSa-obda saqarTvelo-afxazeTis kon-fliqtis mimarTulebiT. `titebis revoluciis~ dros yirgizeTSi dabrunda da aqtiurad dakavda po-litikuri saqmianobiT. amjerad is opoziciuri social-demokratiu-li partiis wevria da mis saparla-mento fraqcias xelmZRvanelobda.faqtobrivad social-demokratebi parlamentSi opoziciis erTader-Ti da mcirericxovani warmomad-genlebi iyvnen.

opoziciis ZiriTadi moTxovna iyo, prezident bakievis vaJebisa da Zmebis Tanamdebobidan moxsna, tarifebis Semcireba, bolo tende-rebis Sedegebis gauqmeba da kons-tituciuri reformebis Catareba. saamisod opoziciam xelisuflebas vada 24 martamde misca, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi ki, mTel qveyanaSi sa-protesto aqciebis CatarebiT dai-muqra.

pasuxad, xelisuflebam kurul-tai (araoficialuri saxalxo kre-ba) Caatara, romelzec arc erTi kritikuli sakiTxi ar ganuxila-vT. manamde ki prezidentma Tavi-si administraciisa da ufleba-mosilebis reformirebis modeli waradgina. am proeqtis Tanaxmad, prezidentis gadadgomis SemTxve-vaSi, mTeli Zalaufleba saxelmwi-

fo sabWos gadaecema, romelmac, qveynis konstituciis darRveviT, saxelmwifos axali meTauri unda daniSnos. adgilobrivi analitiko-sebis azriT, amgvarad mzaddeboda niadagi xelisuflebaSi preziden-tis umcrosi vaJis mosasvlelad.

saxelmwifos marTvaSi ojaxuro-ba, tarifebisa da fasebis mkveTri zrda, konstituciis ugulebelyo-fiT prezidentis uflebamosile-bis mateba, korufciis zrda da me-zobel qveynebTan daZabuli urTierToba _ swored es gaxda im mRelvarebis mizezi, ramac yirgi-zeTi xelisuflebis Secvlamde miiyvana. 2005 wlis movlenebisgan gansxvavebiT, amjerad xelisufle-ba ufro sisxlianad Seicvala. asa-mde daRupuli da 400-ze meti da-Wrili. yirgizeTi mRelvarebiT elodeba gardaqmnas, romelic jer kidev bundovania.

miuxedavad imisa, rom

pirveli ori wlis manZilze

prezidenti bakievi

mkveTrad akritikebda Tavis

winamorbed akaevs qveynis

ojaxuri marTvis gamo, misi

xelisuflebaSi mosvlis

Semdeg igive ganmeorda.


kurmanbek bakievi roza otunbaeva


faruli amnistiasazogadoeba

teleamnistia qveynis biujets daaxloebiT 36 milioni lari daujdeba.

davalianebis mqone telekompaniebis vinaobas mTavroba ar amxels.

anita Tvauri

`Cven gvaqvs ufleba, vicodeT, ra odenobis Tanxa unda Camoaweros sa-xelmwifom konkretul mauwyebels~, _ am saTauriT, axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciam teleamnistiis Sesaxeb ka-nonze daskvna gamoaqveyna. telekom-paniebis finansuri amnistiis Sesaxeb ori kanonproeqti jer saparlamento komitetSi ar ganuxilavT, Tumca mTa-vrobis mier wardgenili kanonproe-qti bevr kiTxvas da SeniSvnas aCens. dokuments Tan axlavs ganmartebiTi baraTi, romelSic miTiTebulia, rom am RonisZiebis Sedegad biujetis sa-Semosavlo nawili daaxloebiT 36 la-riT mcirdeba. swored am odenobis vali Camoewereba qveyanaSi mauwyebel 50-mde televizias.

Tanxis sididis miuxedavad, xeli-suflebis warmomadgenlebi acxade-ben, rom im telekompaniebis vinao-bas, romelTac saxelmwifos winaSe vali daugrovdaT, ver daasaxeleben.Cinovnikebi dasturad sagadasaxado kodeqsis 122-e muxls iSvelieben da acxadeben, rom konkretuli arxebis komerciuli saidumloebis gacemis ufleba ar aqvT.

`mesmis, rom Tqven gsurT, gaigoT informacia am telekompaniebis Se-saxeb, magram am survilis gamo, Cven kanonis farglebs ver gavcdebiT. sa-zogadoebrivi interesi ar aris sak-marisi imisaTvis, rom komerciuli saidumloeba gavamJRavnoT~, _ ambo-bs parlamentis iuridiuli komite-

tis Tavmjdomare pavle kublaSvili. Tumca, sul raRac erTi wlis win

xelisuflebam Tavissave arguments daubrkoleblad `gadaabija~. 2009 wlis 29 aprils mTavroba 4 organi-zacias valebis restruqturizacia-ze daTanxmda. maSin telekompania `gurias~, quTaisis operisa da ba-letis saxelmwifo Teatrs, baTumis gemTsaSen qarxanas da tele-radio kompania `TrialeTs~ dagrovili va-lebi ramdenime welze gadaunawiles. am gankargulebis gamoqveynebisas ki sajaro gaxades, rogorc kompaniebis saxelwodebebi, ise maTi valebi da am informaciis kanonierad gasaidu-mloeba azradac ar mosvliaT.

pavle kublaSvili dRes am faqts

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imiT xsnis, rom am kompaniebma infor-macia sakuTari davalianebebis Sesa-xeb Tavad warmoadgines da informa-ciis gacemis Sesaxeb Tanxmobac Tavad ganacxades. Tumca, iuristi giorgi burjanaZe ganmartavs, rom Tuki ka-nonierebaze midgeba saqme, kompaniis Tanxmobac ar niSnavs imas, rom saxel-mwifos misi komerciuli saidumlo-ebis gamJRavnebis ufleba aqvs. ès saxelmwifos mesakuTris Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSic ki ekrZaleba~, _ dasZens burjanaZe da acxadebs, rom axla, da-gegmili teleamnistiis SemTxvevaSi, 122-e muxliT manipulireba araswo-ria. regionuli da nacionaluri telemauwyeblebis valebis gaqviTva biujets imxela Tanxas aklebs, rom aucilebelia, informacia sajaro ga-xdes.

sagadasaxado kodeqsis 122-e mu-xli, ramdenime welia, marTlac iqca kerZo kompaniebis komerciuli inte-resebis dacvis meqanizmad. es muxli kompaniebisTvis gaxda Tundac imis garanti, rom maT Sesaxeb informa-cias konkurenti kompaniebi boro-tad ar gamoiyeneben. amnistiis Se-saxeb informaciis dafarvis mizniT, dRes am meqanizms mTavrobasTan er-Tad nacionaluri mauwyeblebic iye-neben. Tuki regionuli televiziebi, sakuTari surviliT, Riad asaxeleben saxelmwifos winaSe dagrovili vale-bis odenobas, nacionaluri mauwye-blebis absoluturi umravlesoba valebis dasaxelebisgan Tavs ikavebs. `rusTavi 2~-sa da ìmedSi~ acxadeben, rom es maTi komerciuli saidumlo-ebaa da valebis arsebobas arc adas-tureben da arc uaryofen. valebis Sesaxeb `liberalTan~ saubars Tavs arideben telekompania `saqarTve-loSi~, `real-tv~-Si, sapatriarqos televizia ìveriaSi~, `pirvel ste-reosa~ da `mzeSi~. mxolod yofil àlaniaSi~ (dRevandeli `region-tv~) acxadeben Riad, rom davalianeba ar aqvT. sazogadoebriv mauwyebelze informaciis dafarvisas ki finans-Ta saministroSi isev 122-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebul konfidencialu-robas imizezeben, miuxedavad imisa, rom am arxs gamWvirvale xarjTaR-ricxvas kanoni avaldebulebs.

mediasamarTlis specialisti nino cuxiSvili ganmartavs, rom marTalia, sagadasaxado kodeqsis 122-e muxli finansTa saministros informaciaze uaris Tqmis saSualebas aZlevs, ma-gram es muxli winaaRmdegobaSi modis zogad administraciul kodeqsTan da saqarTvelos mauwyeblobis Sesa-xeb kanonTan, romlis mixedviTac, sa-zogadoebrivi mauwyeblis finansebi Ria informaciaa. cuxiSvili miiCnevs, rom finansTa saministros mTliani kanonmdebloba unda gaeTvaliswine-bina da ar unda dayrdnoboda erT kanons.

nacionaluri arxebis motivic _ daicvan sakuTari komerciuli saidu-mloeba, am SemTxvevaSi xelovnuria. axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciaSi miiCneven, rom radgan kerZo kompa-niebs saxelmwifo valebs patiobs, am informaciis gamJRavnebam SeuZlebe-lia, ziani miayenos maT komerciul interesebs.

36-milioniani amnistiis gamocxa-deba niSnavs imas, rom wina planze, kompaniebis interesebze metad, moqa-laqeebis uflebebi inacvlebs. ès 36 milioni lari biujetis saSemosavlo nawils akldeba. biujeti ki aris sa-jaro dokumenti, da me, rogorc mo-qalaqem, unda vicode, sad midis Cemi gadasaxadebi~, _ ambobs axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis xelmZRvane-li Tamar xidaSeli da dasZens, rom informacia imis Sesaxeb, Tu romel telekompanias ra davalianeba apatia saxelmwifom, Ria unda iyos.

`moqalaqes SeuZlia, eWvqveS daaye-nos dasaxelebuli 36 milioni laris warmoSoba. ra garantia gvaqvs, rom es Tanxa ar aris, vTqvaT, 30 milioni, xolo danarCen 6 milion lars saxel-mwifo TviTneburad ar gankargavs? veravin ver mogvcems amis garantias, Tu televiziebis davalianebebis Se-saxeb informacia ar iqneba sajaro~, _ ambobs giorgi burjanaZe.

mmarTveli partiis warmomadgenle-bi acxadeben, rom amnistia telekom-paniebis finansuri problemebis mogvarebis saukeTeso gza ar aris, magram am gadawyvetilebis miRebis aucileblobas Seqmnili viTarebiT xsnian. `telekompaniebi an daixure-

bian, an unda vapatioT es vali. Cven arCevani mediis sasargeblod gavake-TeT~, _ ambobs pavle kublaSvili.

teleamnistia gacilebiT mcire Tanxebs moicavda, Tuki valebs mxo-lod regionul mauwyeblebs Camoa-werdnen, radgan 17 regionul tele-vizias sagadasaxado vali saerTod ar aqvs, rva regionuli telekompaniis saerTo davalianeba ki or milions ar aRemateba. aqedan Cans, rom dava-lianebis udidesi nawili nacionalur mediaze modis. pavle kublaSvili am-bobs, rom prezidentma nacionaluri telekompaniebis davalianebis Sesa-xeb araferi icoda da es mxolod mas Semdeg gaxda cnobili, rac finansTa saministrom telekompaniebis dava-lianebebis Seswavla daiwyo. Tumca, isic faqtia, rom prezidentis ofi-cialur vebgverdze gamoqveynebul saparlamento angariSSi nacionalu-ri mauwyeblebi prezidentis par-lamentSi gamosvlis Semdeg, meore dResve `Caemata~.

miuxedavad imisa, rom finansTa sa-ministros mier momzadebul kanon-proeqtSi saerTo finansuri valis daaxloebiT odenobad 36 milioni laria dasaxelebuli, parlamentari pavle kublaSvili acxadebs, rom es monacemebi dasazustebelia.

finansTa saministros warmomad-genlis, Tea begiaSvilis informa-ciiT, saministrom telekompaniebis davalianebebi maTi sagadasaxado baraTebis SejamebiT gamoiTvala. es baraTebi finansTa saministros kom-piuterul sistemaSi inaxeba da misi gaxsnis ufleba mxolod Tavad kompa-nias da saministros aqvT.

`liberalis~ kiTxvaze, daezuste-binaT sagadasaxado amnistiiT gaTva-liswinebuli Tanxa, finansTa sami-nistrodan oficialurad mxolod es mogvweres: `mauwyeblebis sagadasaxa-do saerTo davalianeba Seadgens ram-denime milion lars~.

xelisuflebis bundovani pasuxebi da kerZo nacionaluri mauwyeblebis dumili sazogadoebas SesaZleblobas arTmevs, gansazRvros, konkretulad ra mizniT da ramdenad kanonierad warimarTeba sagadasaxado amnistiis procesi.


sazogadoeba

mediamonitoringi

N1 axali ambaviwinasaarCevno kampania, ukve erTi kviraa, oficialurad daiwyo. Jurnali `liberali~

kampaniis dasrulebamde, TiTqmis ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi daakvirdeba saRamos

sainformacio gamoSvebebs.

rusudan ruxaZe

xuTi arxis (`rusTavi 2~, ìmedi~, `kavkasia~, `maestro~, `sazogadoe-brivi mauwyebeli~) mTavari axali am-bebis analizi saSualebas mogvcems, ganvsazRvroT, razea fokusirebuli media _ kandidatTa programebze, Tu maT winasaarCevno strategiaze, merobis romel kandidats ra dro eTmoba, ra Temebs wamoweven win

mauwyeblebi, da ra wyaroebs eyrd-nobian axali ambis gadacemisas.

Zveli eqsperimentia, ielis uni-versitetis mkvlevrebma erTi da igive sainformacio gamoSvebis vi-deoCanawerSi axali ambebis mimde-vroba gadaanacvles. sam jgufs sami sxvadasxva gamoSveba anaxes, sxva-dasxva pirveli siuJetiT. sainfor-

macio gamoSvebis naxvis Semdeg ki eqsperimentis monawileebma mniSv-nelovani sakiTxebi im mimdevrobiT Camoweres, rogorc es maT mier na-nax sainformacio gamoSvebaSi iyo. eqsperimentma daadastura mediis unari, gansazRvros im ambebis ri-giToba, romlis mixedviTac sazo-gadoeba axal ambebs aniWebs mniSv-nelobas.

winasaarCevno periodis oficia-lurad gamocxadebis Semdeg sain-formacio gamoSvebebis pirveli blokebidan gaqra gigi ugulava, ro-melsac IRI-s reitingebis mixedviT, merobis kandidatTa reitingSi 46 procenti aqvs.

axlandeli meri, romelsac mmar-Tveli partia kvlav daasaxelebs merobis kandidatad, wina kviris mTavar axal ambebSi ukve aRar Cn-deba. da es maSin, roca ìmedis~ da `rusTavi 2~-is sainformacio gamoS-vebebis pirvel blokSi aqamde gigi ugulavas erTaderTi `konkurenti~ mxolod qveynis kriminaluri qro-nika iyo.

Tumca, gigi ugulavas pirveli blokidan gaqroba mainc moCvenebi-Tia. ar aqvs mniSvneloba, ra Temazea sainformacios pirvel blokSi gasu-li siuJeti, ugulava #1 teleambav-Si mainc `monawileobs~.

avtoqarxnis teritoriaze momxda-ri aviakatastrofa 6 aprilis `qro-nikis~ da `kurieris~ pirveli axali ambavi iyo. `rusTavi 2~-ze siuJetis wardgenisas wamyvanma aRniSna, rom SemTxvevis adgilze qalaqis meric mivida. ̀ imedze~ ki pirveli adamiani, romelic damwvari TviTmfrinavis kadrs mere gamoCnda, gigi ugula-

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Tem

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arZi

maSvi

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mixeil saakaSvili da gigi ugulava gmirTa moedanze mSenebare estakadis daTvalierebisas, Tbilisi, 9 aprili 2010


sazogadoeba

va iyo. 20 wamis ganmavlobaSi kadri ucvleli iyo _ meri da meriis sa-gangebo samsaxuris ufrosi inciden-tis adgilze momxdaris detalebs ecnobodnen. satelevizio siuJetis struqturaSi saSualod amdenivea komentaris qronometraJic. marTa-lia, gigi ugulavas aviakatastro-fis Sesaxeb gasul arc erT siuJet-Si komentari ar gaukeTebia, magram misi `saqme laparakis nacvlad~, ara-nakleb metyveli iyo.

miT ufro, rom sainformacio ga-moSvebaTa meore da mesame blokeb-Si qalaqis meri ukve sakuTar azr-sac afiqsirebs. razec unda iyos siuJeti _ meriis SuamdgomlobiT kompania `jorjian beiqerisTvis~ iafi kreditis gacemaze, Tu ekono-mikuri ganviTarebis saerTaSoriso forumze, meris gzavnili erTi da igivea: `mets davasaqmebT~ da `kidev bevria gasakeTebeli~. orive fraza ugulavas perspeqtivaSi danaxvis sa-Sualebas aZlevs mayurebels. maSin rodesac merobis sxva kandidatebi jer kidev erTmaneTTan paeqroben, gamarjvebis mopovebis strategiaze kamaToben, ugulava muSaobs _ yvela kadri, romelSic igi Cans, mxolod mis samuSao process asaxavs.

gigi ugulava `samuSao ampluaSi~ iyo 9 aprilis `qronikis~, `kurieri-sa~ da `moambis~ meore blokebSi ga-sul vrcel siuJetebSic, romlebic riyeze mSvidobis xidis gaxsnasa da gmirTa moedanze mSenebare estaka-dis daTvalierebas eZRvneboda.

meris gzavnili identuri iyo, rom nebismieri infrastruqturu-li siaxle met investicias niSnavs, rac meti Tbiliselis dasaqmebas Seuwyobs xels. rogorc `qronikis~ Jurnalistma aRniSna, qalaqis da-Tvalierebis Semdeg gigi ugulavam prezidentisgan Seqebac daimsaxura. prezidentma qalaqis mers marTlac mouwona `brwyinvale idea~, romlis

mixedviTac TbilisSi, estakadis gaswvriv, niu iorkis centraluri parkis tipis gamwvanebuli terito-ria Seiqmneba.

nacionalur arxebze pirvel blokSi xvdeba yvela sxva:

zurab noRaideli, saprotesto aq-ciebis fonze mimdinare gasvlebiT regionebSi da `rusuli fuliT~;

noRaidelis gundTan mierTebis mosurne kaxi kalaZe, `kala-kapita-lis~ biznesis CavardniT da avto-golebis kadrebis fonze nawinaswar-metyvelebi karieris dasasruliT (meore dRes ki fexburTeli `maes-tros~ sainformacio gamoSvebaSi iTxovda `rusTavisgan~ da ìmedis-gan~ srulad gaeSvaT masTan sate-lefono interviu, raTa mayurebels sruli warmodgena Seqmnoda mis po-ziciasa da gegmebze);

nika ivaniSvili, romelmac opo-zicias `cxvrebi~ uwoda, `qronikis~ anonsSi ki es termini gadacemis prodiuserebma kidev ufro daxvewes da opozicias `politcxvrebi~ daar-qves;

qarTlos RaribaSvili mniSvnelo-vani gzavniliT, rom qveynis pirveli pirobisken gza merobaze gadis;

gia maisaSvili uariT merobis kan-didatobaze da xelgaSlili cekvisa da varjiSis kadrebis fonze;

da bolos, yvelani erTad: levan gaCeCilaZe, irakli alasania, zviad ZiZiguri, koba daviTaSvili, sozar subari, nino burjanaZe, kaxa kukava, daviT gamyreliZe. siuJetebi, rom-

lebic opoziciis erTiani kandida-tis gamovlenas exeba daaxloebiT 10-dan 15-mde komentars Seicavs. iqmneba iluzia, rom Jurnalistebi yvela mxaris pozicias warmoaCenen, realurad ki sruliad warmoudge-nelia, mayurebeli siuJetSi gadmo-cemul ambavSi gaerkves.

axali ambebis mimdevrobaSi yvela-ze gansxvavebul struqturas pir-

veli arxi sTavazobs mayurebels. `moambeSi~ ZiriTadad socialuri ambebia pirvel siuJetebad, saarCe-vno Temebs win uswrebs magaliTad C hepatitiT daavadebulTa mkurna-lobaze vrceli siuJeti, maSin roca `moambem~ daaxloebiT erTi Tvis win nomer pirvel siuJetad SesTa-vaza mayurebels am Temaze vrceli masala da am ambavma maSin `moambis~ eTerSi larsis sasazRvro punqtis Temac ki daCrdila. samagierod, `moambe~ kviraSi samjer miuZRvnis TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebs `moam-be pluss~, romelSic merobis kandi-datebs moiwveven. rogorc wamyvan-ma aRniSna, kandidatebi Seecdebian, Tavi moawonon amomrCevlebs.

garkveuli Temebi warmatebiT ga-modgeba imis indikatorad, romeli arxi ra mimarTulebiT gaagrZelebs muSaobas am ori Tvis ganmavlobaSi. prezidentis da gigi ugulavas vizi-ti qalaqis samSeneblo obieqtebze, 9 aprils `rusTavi 2~-sa da ìmedis~ dRis sainformacio gamoSvebebis mTavar ambad iqca, `maestrom~ da `kavkasiam~ ki prezidentisa da meris seirnobas qalaqSi erT-erTi uka-naskneli siuJeti miuZRvnes.

vano merabiSvilis interviu `ko-mersantTan~, saTauriT òmi jer ar damTavrebula~, `maestros~ da `ka-vkasiis~ ZiriTadi axali ambavi iyo 7 aprils. nacionalurma telearxebma ki igi meore blokebSi gadaitanes da Tanac gansxvavebuli aqcentebiTa da nawyvetebiT.

samefo qorwineba rom rusuli proeqti iyo, da givi TargamaZe rom rusebs 50 000 dolars sTavazobda stalinis Zeglis afeTqebis sana-cvlod, mxolod `maestros~ sain-formacio gamoSvebaSi moxvda.

noRaidelis pasuxs merabiSvilis am interviuze ki `qronikam~ saarqi-vo masalac miaSvela misi personaJis ukeT `gasaxsnelad~: `male saakaSvi-

gigi ugulavas pirveli blokidan gaqroba mainc moCvenebiTia. ar aqvs mniSvneloba, ra

Temazea sainformacios pirvel blokSi gasuli siuJeti, ugulava #1 teleambavSi mainc

`monawileobs~.


sazogadoeba

religia da politika

wminda cecxli, rogorc piar-teqnologiawinasaarCevno religiurobis praqtika manamde

gagrZeldeba, vidre eklesia politikuri Zalauflebis

legitimaciis wyaro iqneba.

marika qoCiaSvili

ìerusalimidan Camogvitanes RvTa-ebrivi cecxli, qriste aRdga, qris-te aRdga, qriste aRdga!~ _ miesalma ilia II samebaSi aRdgomis Sesaxvedrad misul aTasobiT adamians da sakur-Txevlisken Sebrunda. bolomde mi-brunebuli arc iyo, rom arqidiakon-ma demetrem SeaCera da yurSi raRac CasCurCula. patriarqi mrevlisken Semobrunda, stiqarosanma mikrofoni isev axlos miutana. `wminda cecxli Camoitana vice- merma mamuka axvle-dianma~, _ Tqva patriarqma gamorCe-nili fraza da sakurTxevelSi Sevida. uwmindesis es sityvebi milionobiT qarTvelma gaigo, romelic im Ra-mes sadResaswaulo wirvas pirdapir eTerSi adevnebda Tvals.

sasuliero seminariis yofili studenti, vice-meri mamuka axvle-diani wminda cecxlis gardamosvlis ceremonials pirvelad ar daswrebia. Tumca, wels es rituali mas ara mxo-lod sulier gaZlierebaSi, aramed politikur winsvlaSic daexmareba. winasaarCevno kampania dawyebulia. mamuka axvlediani 30 maiss mTawmin-dis maJoritarad iyris kenWs.

ès winasaarCevno religiurobis demonstrirebaa, _ acxadebs ombu-dsmenis aparatis tolerantobis centris xelmZRvaneli beqa mindiaS-vili, _ saqarTveloSi politikose-bisTvis sapatriarqos loialobis mopoveba aRdgomis cecxliviTaa. erTi mxriv, es aris mistifikacia,

anu gulwrfeli am dispoziciaSi aravinaa, meore mxriv ki _ politi-kuri eqskluziurobis beWedi~.

xelisuflebaSi mosvlis Semdeg es beWedi `nacionaluri moZraobis~ xelSi aRmoCnda. 2008 wels, aRdgo-mis Rames, saparlamento arCevneba-mde erTi TviT adre, aeroportSi misul Jurnalistebs wminda miwidan wminda cecxliT dabrunebuli laSa Jvania Seegeba. Jvania 21 maisis ar-CevnebSi CuRureTis raionis maJo-ritar deputatad iyrida kenWs. is-raelSi saqarTvelos yofili elCi samSobloSi aRdgomamde cota xniT adre aqtiur politikaSi CarTvis ambiciiT dabrunda.

àm sakiTxs moridebulad da fa-qizad vudgebi. xazi rom gavusva imas, rom cecxli me Camovitane, davemsgavsebi im virs, romelzedac macxovari ierusalimSi Sesvlisas ijda. warmoidgineT, am virs rom hgoneboda, rom mTeli ierusalimis mosaxleoba mas ugebda bzis totebs fexqveS~.

im wels saaRdgomo wirvis dawye-bisas patriarqma mas cecxlis Camo-tanisTvis sajarod gadauxada ma-dloba.

beqa mindiaSvili miiCnevs, rom marTlmadidebloba politikuri piarkampaniis nawilia im dRidan, roca damoukidebel saqarTveloSi pirveli arCevnebi Catarda. ùkve meoce welia, xelisuflebac da

statia momzadebulia IFES, U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT-is finansuri mxardaWeriT.

lisa da merabiSvilis nekrologebs waikiTxavT~, `fexebs mivamtvrevT~ da `sicocxlis fasad daujdebaT~, _ imuqreboda noRaideli `qronikis~ saarqivo masalaSi.

`Tema-indikatori~ iyo siuJetebic stamba `Tbiliselebis~ win gamar-Tuli aqciis Sesaxeb. Sps 2002 wels dafuZnda da misi Semowmeba pirve-lad 25 marts gadawyvita finans-Ta saministrom. ambavi yvela arxis sainformacio gamoSvebaTa mTavar blokSi moxvda, Tumca `maestrosa~ da `kavkasiaze~ siuJetis ZiriTadi RerZi stambis daluqva iyo aqciis monawileTa dakavebis vrceli ka-drebiT. nacionalur mauwyeblebze ki siuJetebi policiasa da aqciis monawileTa Sexla-Semoxlis kadre-biTa da opoziciis wevrTa muqaris frazebiT daiwyo: `biSkeki mogena-trebaT~, `saqarTveloSi revolu-ciis suni mcems~. mxolod siuJete-bis meore nawilSi iyo gadmocemuli, ram gamoiwvia opoziciis wevrTa uk-mayofileba da ras aprotestebdnen aqciis monawileebi quCis gadake-tviT.

stambis daxurvaa mTavari ambavi, Tu opozicioner politikosTa mu-qarebi? _ siuJetis ZiriTadi Temi-sa da fonis gadanacvlebiT, arxebi TavianTi politikuri loialobis demonstrirebas axerxeben.

kadrSi gamoCenis raodenoba ar niSnavs xarisxs. sainformacio ga-moSvebaTa mTavar axali ambebSi opo-ziciis saxeebis ase uxvad da nega-tiur konteqstSi gamoCena ki, meore da mesame blokebSi gadamaluli gigi ugulavas sasargeblod muSaobs.

P.S. gasuli kviris mediamonito-ringis statistika ixileT Jurnalis vebgverdze yovel samSabaTs.


sazogadoeba

opoziciac erTmaneTs eklesiisadmi keTilganwyobis CvenebaSi ejibre-bian. es mniSvnelovania politikuri aqtorebisTvis, vinaidan sapatriar-qos miniWebuli aqvs xelisuflebis Tu opoziciis aqtivobebis legiti-matoris funqcia~.

`rasakvirvelia, am ritualSi po-litikosis CarTva winasaarCevno piaria, magram mimaCnia, rom abso-luturad misaRebi xerxia. es mamuka axvledianis mogonili ar aris da aman xeli Seuwyo laSa Jvanias po-litikur karierasac. mrevlisTvis didi mniSvneloba aqvs imas, Tu ra-mdenad axlos iqnebi eklesiasTan~, _ ambobs `socialisturi partiis~ yofili lideri vaxtang rCeuliSvi-li. SevardnaZis epoqis parlamentis vice-spikerma, 2003 wlis aRdgomis RamisTvis biznesmen mamuka jinWara-ZesTan erTad kerZo TviTmfrinavi iqirava imisTvis, rom saqarTveloSi wminda cecxli aRdgomis Ramesve Ca-moetanaT.

im wels, noembris saparlamento arCevnebSi rCeuliSvilis `socia-listuri partia~ gamarjvebisTvis ibrZoda. rCeuliSvili acxadebs, rom wminda cecxlis Camotana winaswar mofiqrebuli piar-teqnologia ar

yofila, magram imasac aRiarebs, rom reitingis gazrdaSi daexmara. `bevr adamians ar vuyvardi da isini amis Semdeg Cem mimarT ufro loia-lurebi gaxdnen. gaukvirdaT kidec Cemi am ampluaSi danaxva~.

Teolog kaxa kurtaniZes medavi-Tne mamuka axvlediani saberZneTSi SabaTobiT wirvis qarTul enaze Ca-tarebaSi exmareboda.

`mamuka Cemi megobaria da darw-munebuli var, misi damokidebuleba wminda cecxlis mimarT ar aris mxo-lod gamoyenebiTi. am SemTxvevaSi es albaT iyo sasargeblo da sasiamov-no erTad~, _ ambobs igi.

ramdenadac mosaxleobis 84 pro-centi marTlmadideblad Tvlis Tavs da eklesias yvelaze avtori-tetul Zalad miiCnevs, msgavs ritu-alebSi monawileoba sazogadoebaze gavlenas axdens. politikosi amiT mosaxleobis umravlesobas uCvene-bs, rom maT faseulobebs iziarebs.

àrsad weria, rom politikoss wminda cecxlis Camotanis ufleba ar aqvs. es ar aris mTavari, mniSvne-lovani isaa, rom wminda cecxli Ca-mogvitanes~, _ ambobs 27 wlis axal-gazrda, romelic samebis taZarSi xarebis wirvas eswreba.

beqa mindiaSvili miiCnevs, rom `wi-nasaarCevno religiurobis praqti-ka~ manamde gagrZeldeba, vidre ek-lesia samoqalaqo Zalauflebisa da politikuri qmedebebis legitima-ciis wyaro iqneba, politikosebi ki Tavad ar ityvian uars legitimaciis am wyaroze. àmgvari politikuri neba jerjerobiT arc erT politi-kur jgufs ar gamouvlenia, da es arc momavalSia mosalodneli _ mo-saxleobis 84 procents politiko-sebi saarCevno periodSi arasdros daupirispirdebian. Tu es moxda, po-litikosebs ierusalimSic aRar mouwevT cecxlis Camosatanad sia-ruli _ es ki, saaRdgomo cecxlis-gan gansxvavebiT, CemTvis namdvili saswauli iqneba~, _ acxadebs min-diaSvili.

ès winasaarCevno

religiurobis

demonstrirebaa,

politikosebisTvis

sapatriarqos loialobis

mopoveba aRdgomis

cecxliviTaa~.

wminda cecxli ierusalimidan Tbilisis vice-merma mamuka axvledianma Camoitana, 4 aprili 2010


galobis raindebikultura

„galobis raindebi“, nana janeliZis axali filmi _ adamianebze, romlebmac

saqarTvelos 5 aTasze meti sagalobeli Semounaxes.

nino CimakaZe

waSlili freskebi, gadasaxle-buli mRvdelmsaxurebi da akr-Zaluli qarTuli sagaloblebi _ es yvelaferi 1811 wels qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis gauqmebis Tanmdevi movlenebi iyo.

miviwyebuli qarTuli sagalo-blebi mxolod ojaxebSi, an Seda-rebiT miuval adgilze mdebare eklesiebSi Tu ismoda. ramdenime mcdelobis miuxedavad, maTi no-tebze gamarTulad gadatana ver moxerxda, radgan saqarTveloSi am saqmis mcodneebi TiTqmis ar moi-Zebneboda.

Sansi mxolod 1981 wels gaCn-da, mas Semdeg, rac saqarTveloSi italiuri operis saxelganTqmuli varskvlavi da pirveli qarTveli profesionali saopero momRe-rali, filimon qoriZe Camovida. swored filimon qoriZis da misi Tanamoazrisa da saqmis gamgrZe-leblis, eqvTime kereseliZis moR-vaweobas eZRvneba filmi „galobis raindebi~, romlis premierac wina

kviras kinoTeatr `rusTavelSi~ gaimarTa.

ideis da scenaris avtoria Jur-nalisti da ansambl `qarTuli xme-bis~ damaarsebeli Temur Wkuase-li, reJisori ki _ nana janeliZe. filmSi poeti rati amaRlobeli qarTuli sagaloblebis da maTi notebze gadatanis xifaTiT da TavgadasavlebiT savse istorias gviyveba da im adgilebSi mogzau-robs, sadac filimon qoriZe da eqvTime kereseliZe cxovrobdnen da moRvaweobdnen.

`Zalian sainteresoa zogadad me-19 saukunis saqarTvelo, am epoqam Seqmna saqarTvelos cneba uzarma-zari wyvetis Semdeg; im periodSi moRvawe adamianebma Seqmnes Cveni Tanamedrove meoba, amitom vfi-qrob, dRes saintereso unda iyos saganmanaTleblo filmebis gada-Reba im periodze~, _ ambobs nana janeliZe.

filmis operatoria giorgi be-riZe. miuxedavad imisa, rom filmi

kadrebis mxriv arc ise mravalfe-rovania, beriZe, ferebis, ganaTe-bisa da sxva detalebis xarjze, mainc saintereso suraTs qmnis.

„galobis raindebis~ pirveli nawili filimon qoriZes eZRvne-ba, pirvel qarTvel saopero var-skvlavs, romelmac milanSi, la skalas saopero scena da brwyin-vale kariera daTmo, samSobloSi Camovida da aq dasaxlda. Semdeg ki Tavisi cxovrebis bolo 28 weli sagaloblebis Segrovebas da maT notebze gadatanas miuZRvna. cxo-vrebis bolo wlebi filimon qo-riZem quTaisSi, siRaribeSi gaata-ra. fulis saSovnelad is ojaxebSi roialebis asawyobad dadioda.paralelurad ki, kardakar eZeb-da ojaxebs, sadac sagaloblebs asrulebdnen da isini notebze gadahqonda. 1995-1904 wlebSi man sagaloblebis 4 krebuli Seadgina. Tumca, 1911 wels, misi gardacva-lebis Semdeg krebulebi daikarga.

„galobis raindebis~ meore nawi-li filimon qoriZis saqmis gamgr-Zelebels, ber eqvTime (evstaTe) kereseliZes eZRvneba. mas Semdeg, rac stambaSi filimon qoriZis xe-lnawerebs miagno, devnisa da Se-viwroebis miuxedavad, uSiSrad ganagrZobda sagaloblebis Segro-vebas da maT gavrcelebas. 1935 wels man saxelmwifo muzeums 34 sanoto krebuli gadasca.

„galobis raindebs~ jerjerobiT mxolod patara kinodarbazebSi aCveneben. filmis komerciuli warmatebis Sansi, misi Sinaarsidan gamomdinare, albaT minimaluria, samagierod didia albaToba, rom „galobis raindebiT~ safestivalo Cvenebebze dainteresdebian.

kadri filmidan `galobis raindebi~


daria Tu avdaria, Turme gigic magaria

vidre irakli alasania gaarkvevs, mivides Tu ara melanqoliaSi Cavardnil gaCeCilaZesTan, Tavad gaCe-CilaZe miva masTan; vidre saqarTvelos yofili mTava-ri komkavSireli da gaqristian-gademokratiulebuli giorgi Wanturia gazis tarifebis qimerebs ebrZvis (afsus mTavari leiboristis, Salva naTelaSvilis amao garja!); vidre `praimeristebi~ saprizo adgilebs dai-nawileben, xolo nika ivaniSvili ZirZveli Tbilisele-bis socialur arqetipebs gamoikvlevs, arasamewarmeod SemarTuli iuridiuli piri da, ubralod, axalgazrda msaxiobi kote Toloraia, jguf `seiSenTan~ erTad, Tbi-lisis mers, gigi ugulavas aseTi aRtyinebiT umReris:

`Cveni xma vis? _ gigis! Cveni xma vis? _ gigis! da gigi vis? _ Tbiliss!~

male amave simReris mi-xedviT gadaRebul klip-sac vnaxavT, romelsac moZraoba `Cveni xma gigi ugulavas~ Zalian damou-kidebeli telearxebiT gagvacnobs. am moZrao-bis damfuZneblebs ukve konkretuli miznebi aqvT, Tumca grZelva-diani strategia _ ara: `biujeti carieli gva-qvs da TiTqmis gaCerebulebi varT~, _ moTqvamen isini. amitom cdiloben, sponsorebi yvelgan moiZion, mere daamunaTon da sportul-kulturuli RonisZiebani da-mZimebuli sindisis qenjnasaviT ahkidon. cxadia, Tu am ukanasknelebma Cumad da udrtvinvelad aikides: `Cven davexmarebiT gigi ugulavas riTic SegviZlia _ simRe-riT, cekviT, klipebiT. ubralod misi `fanebi~ varT. yvelas, visac surs, rom gigi Tbilisis meri iyos, Cven-Tan vepatiJebiT~.

erTi SexedviT, 150 dolarad daregistrirebuli, ubiwo axalgazrduli moZraobis survilsa da zraxvaSi ucnauri araferia. SevardnaZis droindeli ̀ moqalaqeTa kavSiridan~ moyolebuli, romlis uSualo dakveTiTac Seqmna kompozitorma jemal sefiaSvilma popularuli `gixaroden, gixaroden~, xelisufleba Tavisi `samwy-sos~ ukeT zombirebas msgavsi ideologiuri klipebiT axerxebs. axal droSi ki `vardebis xelisuflebisTvis~ leqs-senis mier dawerili primitiul-propagandistuli

repi da eTnografi-patriotis, zumbas simRerebi ismo-da.

am mxatvrul-ideologiur omSi TiTqmis yvela xerxi misaRebia: quCebis mopirkeTebis scenebic (sadac asfal-tisa da `nacmoZraobis~ oxSivari erTmaneTSi ireva) da quCebSi legaluri cema-tyepac (kanonis dacvis mizniT), `gamWvirvale policiis~ Senobis mokrZalebuli xiblic, sadac valeria novodvorskaias TqmiT, `lamis qalebis tualetebic ki gamWvirvalea~ da noRaidel-ZiZigur-daviTaSvilis maqsimaluri lirikuli `gaSavebac~.

yvelaze ucnauri is aris, rom saarCevno brZolaSi Cabmuli msaxiobi Toloraia da misi saestrado razmi `seiSeni~ baton ugulavasa da nacmoZraobis `dauki-

Txavad~ apirebs winasaar-Cevno maraTonSi Cabmas, arada ugulavas mero-bis kandidatad naciona-lebi aqamde jiutad ar asaxeleben. Tumca kote da `seiSeni~ ase mRerian: àris Cveni msgavsi, ar Wirdeba farsi... kargad icis saqmis fasi~.

ver getyviT, rogor ician nacionalebma saqmis fasi, magram is, rom opo-

zicia partiul ZiZgilaobaSi kargavs dros, xolo ugu-lava amasobaSi yvelanairi uZrav-moZravi saSualebiT cdilobs teleekranze gaCndes da mayureblis mexsiere-baSi darCes, aSkaraa. mere ra, rom `gigis fanebs~ klipis CawerisTvis fuli ara aqvT, samagierod, winasaarCevno kampaniaSi ufasod da sufTa sindisiT monawileoben.

arada, meriisken mimavali gza sul ufro viwroa. sa-mwuxarod, ucnob-gaCeCilaZes Zalian udrood daemarTa gulis Seteva, Torem, rame `deda-enis~ msgavs klips, an simReras arCevnebisTvis dResac SeTxzavda. mere ra, rom misi Zma jer ver garkveula, sad iyo, aris da sad iqneba. verc imas getyviT, jer daucveTeli `qristian-demokratebi~ politikur àve marias~ inga grigolias vizualuri gamosaxulebiT uzrunvelyofen, Tu magda anikaSvilis iafi samedicino dazRveviT. samagierod, erTi ram namdvilad SeiZleba iTqvas _ èrovnuli fo-rumi~ klips saxelwodebiT `mumli muxasa~, ar gadaiRe-bs. erovnuli moZraoba isvenebs.

`da rac ufro axloa zRva, miT ufro Sorsaa horizonti...~ klasikosi

mwerlis es fraza Cvens bedkrul politikur `wvrilmanebsac~ exeba.

magaliTad, iseTs, rogoric adgilobrivi arCevnebia.

daviT buxrikiZe


salami qarTvel moragbeebssporti

CempionTa ligaSi, rogorc iqna, moxda ambavi, romlisac aravis sjeroda.

Svidi wlis ganmavlobaSi pirvelad, ligis naxevar-finalebSi arc erTi inglisuri gundi ar iqneba.

samSabaTs `barselonam~ kampnouze gaaburTava tra-vmebiT tanjuli àrsenali~, leo mesim ki karieraSi pirvelad gaitana oTxi goli, riTac kidev erTxel aalaparaka msoflio media imis Taobaze, rom axla swored isaa samyaros saukeTeso fexburTeli.

osvaldo ardilesma isic ki Tqva, leo iseTive kar-gia, rogorc maradonao.

oTxSabaTs ki, morig oldtrefoldur dramaSi aTka-cianma `manCester iu-naitedma~ sabolood 3:2 mougo miunxenis baierns, rac imas niSnavda, rom ori matCis jamSi stu-mrad gatanili golebis ZaliT gamoeTiSa ligas.

simarTle rom iTqvas, am reportaJSi swored am TamaSis Sesaxeb unda momeTxro, magram rig formalobaTa gamo saqme damigvianda da amitomac CrdiloeTSi gamgzavreba aRar gamodioda. hoda TamaSi, romlis reporta-Jic unda damewera, lon-donSi erT Cveulebriv ubnur pabSi vnaxe.

dasavleT londonis pabSi `manCesteris~ evropuli TamaSis yureba isedac ucnauri ramaa da miT umetes maSin, roca Tavi ukve old trefordze gegona da wa-muSavebas apirebdi, magram ubnuri pabi mainc ubnu-ri pabia da nacnobi saxeebi, nacnobi kaTxebi da pabis ukana ezoSi mosawevad gasuli publika mainc Tavisas Svreba.

ra Tqma unda, TamaSi iyo didebuli, dramatuli da iseTi, rogorc aris xolme ingliselebis monawile-

gzasacdenili safexburTo reportaJi.

gio axvlediani, londonidan

obiTa. gansakuTrebiT, Tu meore mxare germanelia. `tipiuri germanelebi~, rogorc SeniSna am matCis Se-mdeg gabrazebulma aleqs fergiusonma.

oRondac im pabSi manCesters aravin qomagobda, erTi frangi biWis garda, romelmac tvini waiRo, mere ki arabma gogom moakiTxa da CaCumda.

iq saerTodac erTi babuaa, romelic Tavisi kaTxiT ekranTan demonstraciulad zurgiT zis. yovelTvis ase zis, sul erT skamze.

pabia mokled, magram londonia da sruli inter-nacionali. erTi xotora kacic iyo Cems Soriaxlos, didi iasamnisferi SarfiT. Savgvremani, sanqcia _

italieli.pabSi asea xolme, rom raRac

brigada yovelTvis gareT aris, marto ludis Sesavsebad Semo-dian. aseTia mowevis akrZal-vis Sedegi da ras uzam. hoda, iqac iyvnen. loqals, rogorc ityvian, Camjdar-Cafskvnili jeilebi da biZebi.

imaTSi erTi biZakaci adre-ve SevamCnie, kai WaRara kaci, oRond sulac ar eweoda. idga da svamda Tavis luds sibnele-Si da siciveSi.

mokled, erTaderTi winada-deba, romelic iq manCester-baiernis gamo iTqva, barmeni gogosgan, emisgan moisma: `ha-haaaa, gavardnen Tu ara, bolos

da bolos~.hoda es ubeduri TamaSi rom morCa, sazogadoebam

gareT ixuvla mosawevad da iq ise gamovida, rom me da es Sarfiani swored im biZakacis Soriaxlos mo-vxvdiT, jiutad rom idga gareT.

biZam kide ar daaxana da amas eubneba, _ italieli xaro?

pabi egeTi adgilia, dadeqi da ilaparake ucnob-Tan. tkbili adgilia am mxriv.

exla unda CamogarTva xeli da

didxans, didxans unda CamogarTvao,

_ da CamovarTviT xeli. varTmevdiT

ase, im siciveSi da, me xo vici

Tqveni ambebio, age alanmac

iciso, mara Tqven xarT magrebio,

Tqven moragbeebs venacvale meo,

ra biWebio, ra kargebio. alan,

irlandiasTan gaxsovso, kinaRam

ro mouges irlandiaso. ra uqnes,

gaxsovso? ro daSales da aawyveso.


kio, _ aman, _ paduidan varo.vax, miyvarxarT italielebio, eg Tqveni mariaJuli

Sarfebic miyvarso, da vafSe pontivekioo da mTeli ambebio. oRondac, Tqveni fexburTelebi ar miyvarso.

aman kiTxa, italielma, _ sul gareT ratom xaro.iman kide, _ miyvars aq mosvlao, _ mara fexburTi

roa, ar Sevdivar SigniTo, ver vuyureb fexburTso.pirvelad vnaxe aseTi ingliseli. fexburTs brma be-

biebic uyureben.pabis fanjaraSi Canda didi ekrani mwvane mindvriT,

zed daxtodnen gaxarebuli germaneli fexburTelebi. ici ratoo? meo moragbe varo da ragbis mwvrTne-

lio da ragbis mere kide miWirs fexburTis yureba, imxela sicruea Sigo. mokled, wavida laparaki, ra ma-garia ragbi da ra Soubiznesia fexburTi. amasobaSi kide, erTma taxiviT biZam axali kaTxa gamoutana am kai kacs.

xoda, axla me momibrunda, _ Senc italieli xaro? giyvarT italielebs fexburTio, xalxis mtvreva da kotriali mindorzeo, magram ragbic kai gaqvT, mala-dec ukve kaiao.

meTqi, _ ara, jorjia. da xo unda moayolo, _ du iu nou jorjia? egrea xolme ufro xSirad.

mara veRar movayole, imitom, rom biZam, romelsac gairkva rom jo hqvia, atexa yvirili: alan, alano, _ im taxiviT biZas uxmo, _ modi aqao, _ da meubneba:

gamomiwode xelio.xoda gavuwode.exla unda CamogarTva xeli da didxans, didxans unda

CamogarTvao, _ da CamovarTviT xeli. varTmevdiT ase, im siciveSi da, me xo vici Tqveni ambebio, age alan-mac iciso, mara Tqven xarT magrebio, Tqven moragbeebs venacvale meo, ra biWebio, ra kargebio. alan, irlan-diasTan gaxsovso, kinaRam ro mouges irlandiaso. ra uqnes, gaxsovso? ro daSales da aawyveso.

vaax, _ meTqi.kio, ici ra ari mTavario? TamaSSi ro raRacnair emo-

cias daiWero, da eg iyoo. eg SeuZliaT Tqvenebso. ala-nic aRtacda. ki kacoo. mere me vuTxari, rom ragbis stadioni saerTod ar aris saqarTveloSi. mere iman miTxra, rom… mokled, ra mniSvneloba aqvs?

iman xo Cven moragbeebs CamoarTva xeli. im WaRara jom.

mere ki movyeviT am mTisa da im mTisa.egeTia ubnis pabi.amasobaSi kidev gavarda manCester iunaitedi. rafae-

li gaagdes. tyuilad, me Tu mkiTxavT.qarTvel moragbeebs Soreuli mokiTxva da salami

Zia josgan, taxiviT alanisgan, romelic biWobaSi huke-ri yofiliyo da mTeli greistokis pabisgan.

magari kaci iyo jo, namdvili ragbis kaci. sxva dros old trefordidanac moviwerebi.

saqarTvelos moragbeTa nakrebi

fo

to

gogi

ta

buxa

iZe


`...dungCeni teleskopis (an Tu gnebavT dudukis) formis giganturi Casaberi tibeturi ritualuri instrumentia. Za-lian grZeli, zogjer sami, zogjer ki oTxi metris sigrZi-sac SeiZleba iyos. rom ar daiSalos, mis boloebs, rogorc wesi, xis sadgamebze dgamen xolme. lama cultrim alionem ase aRwera misi bgera: èsaa dabali, grZeli, qvesknelisebri, dauviwyari moTqma, romelsac ZaluZs yvelaze maRal hima-laur mwvervalze ufro maRla agitacoT da amavdroulad ukan, dedis saSoSi mogisroloT~. tibeteli berebi bgeris uwyvetobis SesanarCuneblad erTdroulad ramdenime dung-Cenze ukraven xolme, TiTo maTgani _ TiTo instrumentze. rodesac dungCenis piri mTebiskenaa mimarTuli, eqos efeqti gamaogneblad momxibvlelia. amboben, rom dungCenis dabali toni adamianis fsiqologiur da fizikur mdgomareobaze axdens zegavlenas. tibetelebs miaCniaT, rom dungCens kos-mosuri zegavlenac aqvs; maTi varaudiT, dungCenis bgeriT sixSires SeuZlia zecis da xmeleTis, sibnelis da sinaTlis gaerTianeba. dungCeni tonuri instrumentia, masze melodia ar sruldeba. rogorc wesi, tibetur monastrebSi dungCe-nis `bRavili~ mniSvnelovani ritualebis dawyebis win ismis xolme~...

`...vvaraudob, rom proeqtis farglebSi saWiro iqneba mi-nimum ocdaeqvsi oTxmetriani dungCenis SeZena. principulia is, rom maTi SesaZeni fuli Segrovebuli iqnas Tbiliselebis mier (Tu es ar moxerxda, maSin sasurveli iqneba proeqtSi SeZlebuli moqalaqeebis CarTva). instrumentebis SeZenis Semdeg mtkvris orive sanapiroze (wyalTan maqsimalurad axlos, savaraudod, didubis xididan orTaWalis xidamde), specialuri komisiis mier SerCeul adgilebSi montaJdeba SeZenili dungCenebi. TiTo obieqtze _ or-ori. eleqtro-nuli da beWdviTi mediis meSveobiT cxaddeba komisiis mier SemoTavazebuli da moqalaqeebis warmomadgenlebTan SeTanx-mebuli erTi dRe TveSi. im dRes, dawyebuli Svidi saaTidan, saqarTvelos nebismier moqalaqes (dungCenebTan miaxloeba ekrZalebaT qalaqSi Camosul ucxoel stumrebs da yvela po-litikoss), yvelas, visac u W i r s, an st k i v a, an u s a m a r T l o d d a i C a g r a, ufleba eZleva (ra Tqma unda, rigSi CadgomiT) ramdenime wuTis ganmavlobaSi Cahberos dungCens da amiT amcnos danarCenebs Tavisi gasaWiris Sesaxeb~...

`...proeqtis savaraudo efeqturobis dasadgenad specia-lurad Sedgenilma fokus jgufebma cxadyves, rom proeqtis

proeqti - "dungCenebi mtkvarze"(fragmentebi proeqtis aRwerilobidan)

`CemTvis sruliad naTelia, rom am proeqtis meSveobiT

protesti saqarTveloSi axal saxes iRebs...~

kaxa Tolordava

qalaqSi moxetiale kacis Canawerebi

warmateba TiTqmis garantirebulia, Tumca erTxmad aRiniSna, rom TbiliselebisaTvis sakmaod Zneli mosasmeni iqneba mTe-li dRis ganmavlobaSi aseTi uwyveti, dabali da qveskneli-sebri moTqmis smena. miuxedavad amisa, umravlesobis azriT, ocdaoTxi saaTis ganmavlobaSi, pauzis gareSe `daWrili spi-loebis kvnesis~ (fokus jgufis erT-erTi wevris sityvebia) smenam dadebiTad unda imoqmedos moqalaqeebze da zogadad qarTvelebze. maTi azriT, proeqti xels Seuwyobs èrovnu-li gamofxizlebis~ procesis dawyebas (Semovida winadadeba saqarTvelos sxva mdinareebzec proeqtis ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb)~ ...

`...nawyveti Sefasebebidan: `CemTvis sruliad naTelia, rom am proeqtis meSveobiT protesti saqarTveloSi axal saxes iRebs. rogorc iqna, bolo moeReba am dausrulebel mitinge-bs da uazro daZabulobas. im didi dudukebis meSveobiT, ve-SapebiviT rom ibRavleben Tavis naRvlian simRerebs, yvelas yvelaferi ecodineba. yvela im dunCunia Tu raRac oxro-bas, Tavisi ganumeorebeli ambavi eqneba mosayoli. usityvod vuWer mxars proeqts~...

`...nawyveti proeqtis avtoris Sesavali teqstidan: `...proe-qtis idea bazrobaze yofnis dros damebada. raRacebis sayi-dlad viyavi iq. raRac momentSi fiqrebSi wavedi da TiTqos iqaurobas movwydi, energetikulad damRala amdeni gaWir-vebuli adamianis yurebam... igive SegrZneba dameufla odnav mogvianebiT, sadguris mimarTulebiT rom gavemarTe... da me-rec, saxlSi fexiT dabruneba rom gadavwyvite~...

`...proeqtis vada: `...proeqtis xangrZlivoba jerjerobiT daudgenelia...~


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Documents

13 - dspace.nplg.gov.gedspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/8902/1/Liberali_2010_N26.pdf · sxva gamocemebi: `cxeli Sokoladi~, `cxeli Sokoladi _ literatura~, `biznesi: adamianebi, meTodebi,