2001. 11. 23-24. 제 3 총괄과제 발표자 : 김귀년

2001 연례 발표회

2001. 11. 23-24.제 3 총괄과제발표자 : 김귀년

Progress Report and Plan

Contents

1. Development of Polarized Electron

Source

2. Test Facility

3. Detector R&D


1. Development of Polarized Electron Source

• 연구목표 차세대 선형가속기 충돌실험에 필요한 편극 전자빔원 개발과 이를 이용한 실험연구

• 2 차 년도연구목표

편극 전자총 시험장치 성능 보완 및 70 keV 편극 전자총 개발

• 연구 내용

- 편극 전자총 시험장치 성능보완 및 편극도 측정 실험

- 70 keV 편극 전자총 빔라인 설계

- Mott 편극계 개발

• 참여연구인력 손동철 , 김귀년 , 이만우 , 이경주 , 고인수 , 박성주


Ion pump

varian TMP

HV distribution-box

CEM HVPS

Ion pump PS

Mott ChamberGun Chamber

Faraday Cup

(120l/s)

편극 전자총 시험장치 성능보완

• TMP 구매 , RGA 및 기타 진공부품 구매 추진 중


Layout of PES Test-Stand

Gun Chamber

Faraday cup

Mott Chamber

RGA

Laser

e beam

O2 leak Valve


Mini-Mott Chamber

From Rice University


PEGGY Gun

PEGGY Gun 용 빔 라인 설계 중

70 keV 편극 전자총 빔라인 설계


• 일본 KEK, Nagoya 대학과 공동연구 추진 중

- 포항가속기연구소의 RF 관련 기술 및 인력 이용

- 100 MeV, 2 GeV 전자 선형가속기에서 편극 전자총 시험

- Nagoya 대학의 GaAs 광음극 개발 기술 활용

- Nagoya/KEK 그룹의 DC PES 개발 기술 활용

LC 용 RF 편극전자빔원 개발


• PES TEST Stand 성능 개선 및 편극전자빔 인출실험

1. Vacuum System : RGA, Metal Gate & R/A Valves, Nude gauge

2. Eelectrostatic Bend System 제작

3. Mott Polarimeter system: support, Resistor Network

• RF 편극전자빔원 개발참여

일본 KEK, Nagoya 대학과 공동연구

3 차연도 연구내용


• 연구목표 포항가속기연구소의 100-MeV 및 2-GeV 급 전자가속기를 이용한 검출기 성능시험설비 구축과 성능시험에 필요한 인프라 구축

• 2 차년도 연구목표

검출기 성능시험설비 상세 설계 및 구축

• 2 차년도 연구 내용- 100-MeV 전자선형가속기를 이용한 성능 시험설비 상세 설계 및 구축

- 2-GeV 전자선형가속기를 이용한 성능 시험설비 상세 설계

- 데이터 획득장치 구축 및 성능 실험 ( 오영도 발표 참조 )

• 참여 연구인력손동철 , 김귀년 , 오영도 , 조기헌 , 이영석 , 이만우 , 박웅화 , 김동호 , 고인수

2. Test Facility


검출기 성능시험설비

• Radiation Hardness Test Facility

- Using 100-MeV electron linear accelerator

• Single Electron Beam Facility

- Using 2 GeV electron linear accelerator

• Quasi-Monochromatic Photon Beam Facility

- Using 2.5 GeV Storage Ring


• Design parameters - Beam energy: 100 MeV - Beam current: 100 mA - Pulse length: 8 s, 10 Hz - Beam emittance: < 30 mm-mrad - Energy spread: < 1 %

• Machine status - Beam energy: 75 MeV - Beam current: 100 mA - Pulse length: 3 s/ 10 Hz - Energy spread: 1 % - Emittance: not measured

Radiation Hardness Test Facility

100-MeV electron Linac


HV

Ta -target

LINAC

Sample

Pb

CH4

BC702/BC720

Pre Amp.

Disc.

START

Main Amp.

RF Trigger

10

.81

m

1.8

m2

.9 m

Pb

Concrete

Turbo MCS

STOP

Neutron TOF Test Facility


1,E-06

1,E-04

1,E-02

1,E+00

1,E+02

1,E+04

1,0E-09 1,0E-07 1,0E-05 1,0E-03 1,0E-01 1,0E+01

Energy [MeV]

Spe

ctru

m [r

el.v

al./M

eV]

.

G1

G2

G3

G4

Neutron Energy Spectra calculated by MCNP


Test Set up with Low Energy Neutrons

Neutron

Gold-foil

Detector

Neutron Detector


• Purpose: Calibration of a new detector• Principle: By means of electron-Nucleon Scattering

Thin Target

Bending Magnet Detector

e-Beam

dd

dII Neinse )(

- 가속기연구소의 적극적인 지원 없이는 구축 불가

Single Electron Beam Facility


• Maximum Photon energy:

200 MeV (Ee=2GeV), 300 MeV(Ee=2.5GeV)

• Photon Yield:

)/41(

4 2

maxeL

L

mK

KK

ee mE /

AcLnnY Le /2

Quasi-Monochromatic Photon Beam Facility

• Application Field - Standard Photon Beam Facility

- Beam diagnostic tool of storage ring

- Nuclear Physics

- Nuclear Data Production


Laer Parameter Electron Beam

Laser-Compton Photon

Wavelength (nm)

Energy(GeV)

Maximum energy

(MeV)

Yield*

(photon/secW)

Nd:YLFFirst

1053

2.02.5

69.6107.9

6.6107

Second

527

2.02.5

134.5206.6

3.3107

Third

351

2.02.5

195.3297.9

2.2107

Fourth

265 2.02.5

250.7379.9

1.6107


3 차 연도 연구 계획

검출기 성능시험설비 이용 실험 - Radiation Hardness Test Facility 이용 기반 설비 구축 Neutron Beam Monitoring System Data Acquisition System Data Analysis Software

- Quasi-Monochromatic Photon Beam Facility 구축 계획 추진 포항가속기연구소와 공동연구 국내외 핵물리연구 관련자들과 공동연구 핵자료 관련 연구자들과 공동연구


3. Detector R&D

• 연구 목표 차세대 인공위성 탑재 검출기 개발

• 2 차년도 연구 목표

- AMS 검출기에 쓰일 방사광 검출기 개발

- 인공위성 탑재용 실리콘 검출기 개발

• 2 차년도 연구 내용

- 우주선 ( 뮤온 ) 검출기 제작 및 실험

- AMS 관련 : SRD, TRD, Magnet

• 참여 연구인력

손동철 , 양종만 , 김귀년 , 박환배 , 조기현 , 오영도 , 이만우 , 박웅화 ,

김동호 , 김경숙 , 김미영 , 로상율 , M. Rachid, H. Ahmed


Flux of cosmic rays per unit solid angle

1122 mincos66.0),( steradcmj

When we require cosmic rays to pass through two surfaces,each of width w and length l, separated by a distance d,the expected rate should be

Cosmic RayDetector 1

Detector 2

2

2)(66.0

d

lwN [counts/min]

If l=20cm, w=15cm, and d=80cm,then N = 9/min.

Cosmic Ray Muon Detector


Schematic Diagram 1/4

200

150

70

t=5Ref. 3/4

A B C

D

C

52.?

10B DA

(Top view)

(Cross section)

(unit : mm)

102.?

A(Plastic scintillator), B(Light guide)C(PM tube + H.V. socket assembly)D(Photo-tube holder)

Cosmic Ray Muon Detector


Gate Generator

ADC

VMEMasterModule

PCIADA

PC

OS: Linux

AND

Discriminator

Cosmic Ray

Detector 1

Detector 2

DAQ Program

Electronics for Cosmic ray Muon Detector

2001 연례 발표회Fan In Fan Out

DiscriminatorCoincidence

Gate Generator ADC

VMEMasterModule

PCIADA

Experimental Arrangement


Compare with MC Data

Distance (cm) Angle (degree)

Flu

x(/m

in.)

Flu

x(/m

in.)

Real data

Histogram: MC

Real data

Histogram: MC

Real data

Histogram: MC

Real data

Histogram: MC

L=50 cm=90o


Detector R&D for AMS-02

AMS Collaboration


(1) Synchrotron Radiation Detector

AMS Collaboration

• Aim- Identify the charge of TeV electrons and PeV nuclei using their synchrotron radiation in the earth’s magnetic field by observing synchrotron photons (Ethr KeV and eV respectively) in detector (2x3 m2).

- Photon’s position, counting and energy measurements give info on: Particle’s charge sign, estimation on primary electron momentum -> hence distinguish electrons from nuclei.

• Nov. 29, 2001, a small stand-alone detector (PSRD) will fly as secondary payload on the Space Shuttle. - For this flight, 16 YAlO3:Ce(YAP) scintillating crystals of size 25x25x2 mm3 will be coupled directly to Hamamatsu R5900U PMTs.

• SRD will be installed on AMS-02 if PSRD will give good results


AMS Collaboration

Principle and Requirement

- Very good Energy and Time Resolution: 1 mm thick YAP Crystal (YAlO3:Ce) - Position Measurements and for rejection of charged particles with very good Time

Resolution: 500 Silicon Strip Detector- Highly integrated, very fast, low power Readout Electronics (40 MHz)

• Principle

• Requirement:


M. W. Lee, J. W. Shin, G. N. Kim, D. SonInstitute of High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University,

Taegu 701-702, Korea

K. S. Kim, J. YangPhysics Depeartment, Ewha Womans University,

Seoul 120-750, Korea

O. Grim, G. Viertel, H. HoferInstitut fur Teilchenphysik der ETH, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland

(Work Done during staying in ETH, Zurich, Jun. 16 - Aug. 16, 2001)

Experiment on the YAP window Channel Photo Multiplier

AMS Collaboration


Fig. 1. Schematic view of a CPM with an electrical connection

Manufacture's specification of CPMs C1344 / SN: B032-25 C1340 P/ SN:B050-46

Photocathode Bi-alkali Bi-alkaliFaceplate Material Borosilicate YAP Spectral Sensitivity [nm] 300 - 650 300 - 650Quantum efficiency at 410 nm [%] 23.1 22.2Gain at 2.0 kV [106] 2.6 2.9Dark current at 2.0 kV [pA] 77.6 61.7Bias current at 2.0 kV [A] 37 37

Channel Photo-Multiplier

AMS Collaboration


Experimental Setup for the YAP-CPM test

High Voltage Generator Novelev 8174

Amplifier Ortec 454

Linear Fan in/Fan out

Lecroy 428F

Delay

Discriminator Lecroy 620CL

Attenuator

Gate Generator Lecroy 2323A

ADC (Charge

Sensitive)

Analog

digitize

Gate

Lecroy 2249A

Computer Camac Controller

YAP window CPM

AMS Collaboration


• Single photoelectron gain for the various bias high voltages

• Quantum Efficiency

• Saturation Characteristics

• Sensitivity

•Dark Count Rate

• Energy Resolution

[%])03.104.2()13.446.82(

E

esolutionR

Fig. 9. Energy resolution vs. bias voltage Fig. 10. Resolution of 1.8kV bias voltage vs. photon energy


• Launch Date : Nov. 29, 2001Launch Date : Nov. 29, 2001

(G. N. Kim and M. W. Lee will participate PSRD Experiem(G. N. Kim and M. W. Lee will participate PSRD Experiement from Nov. 25 – Dec. 16.)ent from Nov. 25 – Dec. 16.)

Purpose of Experiment:Purpose of Experiment:• Measurement of the Photon Background in the keV EnerMeasurement of the Photon Background in the keV Ener

gy rangegy range• Measurement of the Low Energy Charged particle backgrMeasurement of the Low Energy Charged particle backgr

oundound• Test of the highly integrated, very fast, low power ReadoTest of the highly integrated, very fast, low power Reado

ut Electronicsut Electronics

AMS Collaboration

Participate PSRD Experiment on

the Space Shuttle STS-108

2001 연례 발표회3 차 연도 연구 계획

1. Testing a YAP Crystal with a normal window Channel Photo Multiplier (CPM) 2. Test of X-ray detector for SRD using Source and/or the PLS at PAL3. PSRD data analysis4. MC simulation study of SRD5. Collaboration work with ETH, Zurich

AMS Collaboration


AMS Collaboration

(2) Transition Radiation Detector

• Aim:Non-destructive information for particle identification in addition to electromagnetic calorimeter

Identification of hadrons (’s against K’s and p’s) and electrons

Final goal is good e/h separation between 1-2 (TRthr) GeV to about 100 GeV (hadrons start to radiate) e/p Rejection 1.5 to 4 10-3 with 90%95% electron efficiency

• 6 mm diameter, 1.3 to 2 m long straw tubes• Radiators: Foam (Airex) or (10 m or 16 m) fibre (0.06 g/cm3)• Gas mixture: Xe/CO2 80/20, gain 2.5 104 • Operating temperature interval: +10° C to + 25° C (gradient 1 K)• Weight: 484 kg (350 kg detector)• Test beam with e and p (3.5 to 15 GeV)• Tests and studies are underway for the final choice of radiator, gas mixture • and GCPS, vacuum properties of straw tubes, radiator outgassing, mechanical • stability etc.


AMS Collaboration

Transition Radiation Detector


Front End electronics Chip 개발

AMS Collaboration


Guido Board Test

EPP port

Printport

POWER

(5V)

APEX Chip

REGISTER

POWER PC(Window98)

EPP protocal

Guido Board (S9007)

Test Set Up


TRD Simulation

-AMS simulation software 를 이용하여 TRD 부분을 simulation 할 수 있도록 준비되었음 ( 현재 수정 보완 중 )

- gammar ray 의 백그라운드를 이해하기 위해서

TRD honeycomb plate 부분의 simulation study 를 하려고 준비 중

AMS Collaboration

2001 연례 발표회3 차 연도 연구 내용

1. TRD DAQ 부분 : Rwth-Aachen, MIT, CAEN 등과 공동연구 - Front Electronics Chip Design and Test - Guido Board Test

2. TRD simulation 부분 :Rwth-Aachen, MIT 등과 공동연구 - Program the detail structure of Honeycomb - Gamma Ray Background Simulation Study

3. Electronic Board Test

AMS Collaboration


(3) Superconducting Magnet


Critical Parameters of Magnet

Nominal Bending Power: 0.85 Tm2

Stray field @ radius of 230 cm: < 15.2 mT

Peak in coil: 6.6 T

N. of Coils: 2 Dipoles, 20 racetracks

Magnetic Torque: 0.272 Nm

Conductor: NbTi wire, Aluminum stabilized

Operating Temperature: 1.8 K @ 20 mbar (2600 lt superfluid Helium)

Operating Current: 450 A

Power: 1.5 kW (peak, during ramp), 400 W (maintenance)

Endurance: 27 to 33 months (w cryocoolers)

Weight: about 3 tons (whole magnetic system)

Dimensions: 2.7 m of diameter and 1.5 m of max height

▶ SC Magnet Self Protection System ( 김미영 발표 ) - Energy source for the Quench - Quenching Circuit AMS Collaboration

2001 연례 발표회3 차 연도 연구 내용

• Superconducting Magnet : 참여 부분에 대하여 논의 중 - Supporting System 제작 참여 (?) - Cryogenic System 제작 참여 (?)

• Quenching Circuit Test - Test without Coils - Test with Coils - 기타 관련 Test 참여

AMS Collaboration

Documents

2001. 11. 23-24. 제 3 총괄과제 발표자 : 김귀년