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Joint Institute for Nuclear ResearchInternational Intergovernmental Organization
Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) at JINR:New Prospect for Heavy Ion Collisions and Spin Physics
A.N.Sissakian, A.S.Sorin
International Summer Student Practice in JINR Fields of ResearchJuly 17 2008
JINR is an international research organization established in accordance with the
intergovernmental agreement signed in 1956. At the present time, eighteen countries are the
JINR Member States. JINR has an extensive and fruitful collaboration with Germany,
Hungary, Italy, Serbia, and the Republic of South Africa having an Observer status at JINR.
•After 52 years of scientific activity the Institute plays a world leading role in a number of
branches of fundamental physics.
•Long-term scientific cooperation is established with CERN, Germany (GSI, DESY), France
(GANIL, IN2P3), USA (FNAL, BNL, TJNL, LBL. LNL), Switzerland (PSI), Japan (RIKEN, KEK)
and many other countries.
•The largest number of collaborative investigations are carried out with Russian research
centers: IHEP (Protvino), INR RAS (Troitsk), ITEP (Moscow), Lebedev PI RAS (Moscow), BINP
(Novosibirsk), Russian Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, SINP MSU (Moscow), PNPI
RAS (Gatchina) and others.
JINR’s Science Policy at present
In 2006the JINR Scientific Council approved
the road mapof the Institute’s strategic
development for the next 10-15
years
Special Economic Zone
Technopark “Dubna”
UC, DIAS-TH
International Univ. ”Dubna”
JINR’s research niche offered
by home facilities
Heavy-Ion Physics:- at high energies (up to 5 GeV/n)
(in future sNN = 9 GeV, NICA facility)
- at low and intermediate
energies (5 – 100 MeV/n)
Condensed Matter Physicsusing nuclear physics methods
m10 10 m10 14 m10 15
Hadron gas
Mixed Phase
QGM
Pre-equilibrium
Initial nuclei
FreezoutTime
Space
t
QGM игидродинамическое
расширение
Адронизация ихимическое
замораживание
“Химическое замораживание” – завершаются неупругие взаимодействия;
Начало столкновения
Пред-равновесие
Адронная фаза икинетическое замораживание
“Кинетическое замораживание” – завершаются упругие взаимодействия.
Эволюция в точке взаимодействия ядро-ядро
Смешанная фаза
Quark-gluon matter
Hadron matter
T
NB
A.N.Sissakian
A.S.Sorin
M.K.Suleymanov
V.D.Toneev
G.M.Zinovjev
nucl-ex/0511018
nucl-ex/0601034
nucl-th/0608032
Round Table Discussion
Dubna, July 7-9, 2005http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2005/roundtable/
www.gsi.de/documents/DOC-2004-Mar-196-2.pdf
and Gluons
RHIC,SPS,NICA,FAIR
RHIC, SPS, NICA, FAIR
Classification of phase transitions
The nth order phase transition:
),...,,( 21 n
i
xxxFxn
n
is discontinuous
xk - thermodynamic variables
F - thermodynamic potential
Discontinuty of A
= AII λ + AII (1 - λ)
originates from
discontinuty of
λ = VII / V
A mixed phase in different representations
Critical end-point => critical end-line => critical end-boundary hypersurface !?
A.S.Khvorostukhin,
A.N.Sissakian,
V.V.Skokov,
A.S.Sorin,
V.D.Toneev
Kinetic calculations (QGSM)
Dynamical trajectories
Skokov V., 2008 Ivanov Yu., Russkikh V.,Toneev V., 2005
Experimental programs
Facility SPS RHIC NICA SIS-300
Detector NA61 STAR
PHENIX
MPD CBM
Start (year) 2010 2010 2013-2014 2015-2016
Energy (for Pb-ions)
c.m. GeV
4.9-17.3 4.9-50 ≤ 9 ≤ 8.5
Physics CP,OD CP,OD CP,OD,HDM CP,OD,HDM
CP – critical endpoint
OD – onset of deconfinementHDM – hadronic dense matter
Nikola Camille Flammarion (1888)
AGS
(shut down)
(shut down)
(shut down)
E (GeV) S1/2
(GeV)
AGS BNL
Au+Au
1985 −1990
2 11 2.3 4.7
SPS CERN
Pb+Pb
2003
2002
2000
2000
1994 − 2000
20
30
40
80
160
6.3
7.6
8.3
12.3
17.4
RHIC BNL
Au+Au
2000 − ?
2.1•104
200
BNL Brookhaven National Laboratory
CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research
AGS (BNL) Alternative Gradient Synchrotron
SPS (CERN) Super Gradient Synchrotron
RHIC (BNL) Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
LHC (CERN) Large Hadron Collider
JINR NUCLOTRON
Project parameters: maximum energy
5 GeV/nucl. for nuclei with А ~ 200.
The main goal of the NICA project is an experimental study of
hot and dense nuclear matter and spin physics
T h e s e g o a l s a r e p r o p o s e d t o b e r e a c h e d b y :
• development of the existing accelerator facility (1st stage of the
NICA accelerator programme: Nuclotron-M subproject) as a
basis for generation of intense beams over atomic mass range
from protons to uranium and light polarized ions;
• design and construction of heavy ion collider with maximum
collision energy of sNN = 9 GeV and average luminosity
1027 cm-2 s-1 (for U92+), and polarized proton beams with energy
s ~ 25 GeV and average luminosity > 1030 cm-2 s-1;
• design and construction of the MultiPurpose Detector (MPD).
Scheme of the NICA compex
Booster (30 Tm)2(3?) single-turn injections,
storage of 3.2×109,acceleration up to 50 MeV/u,
electron cooling,acceleration
up to 400 MeV/u
Nuclotron (45 Tm)injection of one bunch
of 1.1×109 ions,acceleration up to 3.5 GeV/u max.
Collider (45 Tm)Storage of
15 bunches 1109 ions per ring at 3.5 GeV/u,
electron and/or stochastic cooling
Injector: 2×109 ions/pulse of 238U32+
at energy 6 MeV/u
IP-1 IP-2
Stripping (40%) 238U32+ 238U92+
Two superconductingcollider rings
2х15 injection cycles
NICA parameters
Circumference m 225
Number of collision points
2
Beta function in the collision point
m 0.5
Rms momentum spread 0.001
Rms bunch length m 0.3
Number of ions in the bunch
109
Number of bunches 15
Incoherent tune shift 0.05
Rms beam emittance at 1 GeV/u / at 3.5
GeV/u
p mm mrad
3.8 /0.26
Luminosity per one interaction point at 1 GeV/u at 3.5 GeV/u
cm-2s-1 6.61025
1.11027
1. Circumference, m 224
2. *, m 0.5
3. p/p (one ) 110-3
4. Bunch length (), m
0.3
5. Beam emittance (), pmmmrad
0.26
6. Bunch intensity(1-
2)109
7. Bunch number per ring
15
8.Average luminosity forUU at 3.5 GeV/u
for pp at 12.5 GeV
1.11027
cm-2s-1
31031
cm-2s-1
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy of Science
Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino
Budker Institute of NuclearPhysics, Novosibirsk
MoU with FAIR is under preparation
Open for extension …
NICA – Collaboration
http://nica.jinr.ru
• Stage 1: years 2007 – 2009
- Upgrate and Development of the Nuclotron facility
- Preparation of Technical Design Report of the NICA and MPD
- Start prototyping of the MPD and NICA elements
• Stage 2: years 2008 – 2012
- Design and Construction of NICA and MPD
• Stage 3: years 2010 – 2013
- Assembling
• Stage 4: year 2013 - 2014
- Commissioning
The NICA Project Milestones
NICA provides unique possibility for the heavy ion physics program:
1. Heavy ion beams in wide energy range:
2. Possibility to perform atomic mass and centrality scan
3. Few intersection points for detectors with large energy-independent acceptance
GeV92 As
4. High luminosity L~1027 см-2с-1
4
FAIR and NICA
s =9 GeV
Maximal baryonic densities on freeze-out curve! High densities on
interaction stage!?
J.Cleymans, J.Randrup, 2006
High baryonic densities
energy in c.m.
energy in lab. frame
Critical points
Models
Lattice QCDChemical freeze-out for different energies s
M. Stephanov, 2006
NICA/MPD physics problemsStudy of in-medium properties of hadrons and
nuclear matter equation of state, including a search for possible signs of
deconfinement and/or chiral symmetry restoration phase transitions and
QCD critical endpoint
Experimental observables:
Scanning in beam energy and centrality of excitation functions for
Multiplicity and global characteristics of identified hadrons including
multi-strange particles
♣ Fluctuations in multiplicity and transverse momenta
♣ Directed and elliptic flows for various indentified hadrons
♣ particle correlations
♣ Dileptons and photons
Lattice QCD predictions: Fluctuations of the quark number
density (susceptibility) at μ_B >0 (C.Allton et al., 2003)
fixedTq
q
T
P
TT
42
2
2/
Fluctuations: theoretical status
0
χq (quark number density
fluctuations) will diverge at
the critical end point
Experimental observation:
• Baryon number fluctuations
• Charge number fluctuations
Collective flows
Interactions between constituents lead to a
pressure gradients => spatial asymmetry is
converted in asymmetry in momentum space
=> collective flows
...)cos(22v)cos(2v12π
1
dpdyp
dN
ddpdyp
dN21
TTTT
directedflow
elliptic flow
Non-central collisions
Correlation femtoscopy of identical particles
p1
p2
x1
x2
x3
x4
q = p1- p2 , x = x1- x2
Signals of chiral symmetry restoration
Signals of chiral symmetry restoration
Invariant mass distribution for
M.Volkov et al., 1998S.Chiki, T.Hatsuda, 1998
MPD conceptual design
Inner Tracker (IT) - silicon strip detector /
micromegas for tracking close to the interaction
region.
Barrel Tracker (BT) - TPC + Straw (for tagging)
for tracking & precise momentum measurement in
the region -1 < h < 1
End Cap Tracker (ECT) - Straw (radial)
for tracking & p-measurement at | h | > 1
Time of Flight (TOF) - RPC (+ start/stop sys.) to
measure Time of Flight for charged particle
identification.
Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMC) for p0
reconstruction & electron/positron identification.
Beam-Beam Counters (BBC) to define centrality
(& interaction point).
Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) for centrality
definition.
MPD basic geometry
Acceptance
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Institute for Nuclear Research Russian Academy of Science
Bogolyubov Institute of Theoretical Physics, NASUk
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lomonosov MSU, RF
Institute of Apllied Physics, Academy of Science Moldova
Open for extension …
MPD – Collaboration
A consortium involving GSI, JINR & other centers for IT module development & production is at the organizational stage http://nica.jinr.ru
On the Spin Program at NICA
0.12 0.17
Spin Nucleon Structure
EMC,
1987
1 1
2 2
N
z g qS u u d d s s G L L
q G
qgL
qL
v
1
(4
:
Spin program
On the Spin Program at NICAPreliminary estimations of the MMT-DY processes feasibility
(first stage)
DY cross sections (nb) in comparison with PAX (GSI, FAIR) and possibility to increase the statistics (month of data taking)
On the Spin Program at NICAPreliminary estimations of J/Y statistics in comparison with MMT-DY statistics
Experiments on DY measurementsExperiment Status Remarks
E615 Finished Only unpolarized MMT-DY
NA10 Finished Only unpolarized MMT-DY
E886 Running Only unpolarized MMT-DY
RHIC Running Detector upgrade for MMT-DYmeasurements (collider)
PAX Plan > 2016 Problem with polarization (collider)
COMPASS Plan > 2010 Only valence PDFs
J-PARC Plan > 2011 low s (60-100 GeV2), only unpolarized proton beam
SPASCHARM
NICA
Plan?
Plan 2014
s ~ 140 GeV2 for unpolarized proton beam
s ~ 670 GeV2 for polarized proton beams, high luminosity (collider)
p
for MMT-DY
Booster-sinhrotron appliction to nanostructures creations:
Applied research at NICA
Booster
Electron
cooling
system
Design and parameters of booster, including
wide accessible energy range, possibility of
the electron cooling, allow to form dense and
sharp ion beams. System of slow extraction
provides slow, prolongated in time ion
extraction to the target with space scanning of
ions on the target surface and guaranty high
controllability of experimental conditions.
Ion tracks in a polymer
matrix (GSI, Darmstadt)
Ion-track technologies:
Topography and current of a diamond-like carbon
(DLC) film.The 50 nm thick DLC film was
irradiated with 1 GeV Uranium ions.
Production of
nanowires, filters,
nanotransistors, ...
Further realization of NICA project,
as to both theory and MPD setup construction, suffers a deficit of qualified people, young scientists
and engineers. The planned steps:
More close collaboration with Russian institutes and JINR Member States
Strengthening the relations with FAIR, RHIC and CERN where similar works are carried out (MoU)
Profiling students of the Dubna University with orientation towards NICA/MPD problems
Organization of student Schools and Meetings for young scientists on problems of NICA/MPD
Round Table Discussions
Round Table Discussion I
Searching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting
matter at the JINR Nuclotron
July 7 - 9, 2005
http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2005/roundtable/
Round Table Discussion II
Searching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting matter
at the JINR Nuclotron: Nuclotron facility development
JINR, Dubna, October 6-7, 2006
http://theor.jinr.ru/meetings/2006/roundtable/
Round Table Discussion III
Searching for the mixed phase of strongly interacting
QCD matter at the NICA/MPD
JINR (Dubna), end 2008
http://nica.jinr.ru
A.Efremov, V.Kekelidze, I.Meshkov,
G. Musulmanbekov, A.Nagaytsev,
О.Rogachevsky, I.Savin,
O.Shevchenko, V.Skokov,
O.Teryaev, V.Toneev,
NICA/MPD (SPD) working group
Acknowledgements
Thank you for attention!
Welcome to the collaboration!
Welcome to Dubna!
Rector: A.T. Filippov
Leaders: A.S. Sorin, V.V. Voronov
DIAS-TH at JINR : Standing Activity
DIAS-TH is a substructure of BLTP supported by the JINR’s budget as one
of priority activities of the Institute.
DIAS-TH organizes and controls all educational programmes for young
scientists, graduates, and students.
DIAS-TH programme includes both the standing activity through the year
and the standard short schools (about 4 - 5 in a year).
The main goals of DIAS-TH:
training courses for young scientists, graduates and undergraduates
from the JINR MS and other countries
looking for and supporting gifted young theorists in the JINR Member States
creating databases of students and young researchers;
organization of schools of different level in Dubna
coordination with similar schools in the JINR MS, Germany, and other cntrs.
support of the JINR and CERN experimental programmes by organizing
lecture courses and lectures with a special emphasis on the LHC program
coordination with the schools and workshops supported by CERN, UNESCO,
ICTP, and other organizations
publication and distribution of lectures and discussions in different forms,
in particular, with the use of modern electronic means, etc.
Supported by
In 2008, we have received the grant in the framework of
the UNESCO International Basic Science Programme
Supporting
up to 2005
In 2004-2008, the following activities
in the framework of DIAS-TH were:
Winter School on Theoretical Physics (2004--2008);
International Student School on Selected Topics in Nuclear Theory (2004);
Advanced Summer School on Modern Mathematical Physics (2004--2008);
Research Workshop "Nucleation Theory and Applications" (2004--2008);
School on Modern Cosmology and Astrophysics (2004);
School on Heavy Quark Physics (2005, 2008);
International School on Nuclear Theory and Astrophysical Applications (2005, 2007);
School and Workshop on Calculations for Modern and Future Colliders (2006);
School on Few-Body Problems in Physics (2006);
School on Dense Matter in Heavy Ion Collisions and Astrophysics (2006, 2008)
Other activities:
Lecture courses and review lectures on new trends in modern physics
were given for students and post-graduates.
Computer processing of video records of lectures was carried out.
A new lecture hall for DIAS-TH was opened.
Web-site of DIAS-TH was opened and supported
http://theor.jinr.ru/~diastp/diasth
Prominent scientists
from JINR, Russia,
Ukraine, Czechia,
and Germany were
invited as lecturers.
60 students and post-
graduates from JINR,
Belarus, Germany,
Kazakhstan, Poland,
Russia, Romania,
Slovakia, Ukraine,
and Czechia took part
in the School.
The School was attended by last-year
students of universities, post-graduate
students, and young scientists: 64
participants from Russia, Belorus,
Belgium, Bolgaria, Venezuela,
Germany, Spain, Poland, Ukraine, and
Chechia.
Lectures were given by the leading
scientists actively working on modern
problems of theoretical and
mathematical physics: I. Buchbinder,
L. Cardoso, A. Filippov, E. Ivanov,
V. Rubakov, A. Starobinsky,
M. Vasiliev.
13 cycles of lectures were
supplemented with seminars.
Forth Winter School on Theoretical PhysicsXth Research Workshop onNucleation Theory and ApplicationsInternational School Calculations for Modern Future CollidersInternational School on Few-Body Problems in Physics International School Dense Matter in Heavy Ion Collisions and AstrophysicsAdvanced Summer School onModern Mathematical Physics
Helmholtz
Helmholtz
Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical PhysicsDubna International AdvancedSchool of Theoretical Physics
Fax: +7(49621)65084E-mail: [email protected]://theor.jinr.ru/dias/
January 29 – February 7April 1 – 30July 15 – 25August 7 – 17August 21 – 30September 3 – 13
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
2006
Fort h Wi nt er School on Theoret i cal Physi cs
Xt h Research Workshop onN ucl eat i on Theory and Appl i cat i ons
Int ernat i onal School Cal cul at i ons for Modern Fut ure Col l i ders
Int ernat i onal School on Few-Body Probl em s i n Physi cs
Int ernat i onal School D ense Mat t er i n H eavy Ion Col l i si ons and Ast rophysi cs
Advanced Sum m er School onModern Mat hem at i cal Physi cs
H el m hol t z
H el m hol t z
Bo g o l iu b o v L ab o rato ry o f T h eo retical Ph ysics
D ubna I nt ernat i onal A dvancedSchool of Theoret i cal Physi cs
F a x : + 7 (4 9 6 2 1 )6 5 0 8 4E -m a il: b ltp @ th e o r.jin r.r uh ttp ://th e o r.jin r.r u /d ia s /
Januar y 29 – Febr uar y 7
A pr i l 1 – 30
Jul y 15 – 25
A ugust 7 – 17
A ugust 21 – 30
Sept em ber 3 – 13
J o i n t I n s t i tu te fo r N u c l e a r R e s e a rc h
2 0 0 6
The program of three schools and research
workshop covered such fields of theoretical
physics as particle astrophysics, gravity and
cosmology, sypersymmetry and string theory,
conformal field theory, structure of an atomic
nucleus, nuclear reaction theory, halo nuclei,
properties of neutron stars, nucleosynthesis in
stars, properties of nuclear matter, critical
phenomena and nucleation theory.
The leading scientists from Canada, China,
Finland, Germany, Romania, Russia, Spain
and JINR gave more than 40 lecture courses
for about 170 PhD students and young
scientists from Armenia, Belarus,
China,Croatia, Czechia, Germany, Italy,
Japan, Poland, Russia,Turkey, Ukraine,
Uzbekistan, and JINR University Centre.
Activities were supported by the Helmholtz
Foundation, Russian Foundation for Basic
Research, Dinastiya Foundation and JINR.
2008 DIAS-TH Activity
The first school in this year:
Physics at the LHC, new
ideas and perspectives.
Special additional lectures
on modern technics,
accelerators, CERN
experimental facilities etc.
70 participants from Russia
and the JINR MS.
Two weeks of introductory
lectures and review talks
on new trends in modern
physics
You are welcome to the School!
