Hi ngh iu khin v T ng ho ton quc ln th nht- VCCA-2011 VCCA-2011
Sch lc tr li theo phng php tng hp cc thnh phn i xng trong h thng my
pht sc gi Grid ride-through stratergy for wind power plants using
overlapping principle of symmetrical components Nguyn Th Mai Hng1,
Nguyn Phng Quang2 1HKT Cng nghip, H Thi nguyn, email:
[email protected] 2HBK H Ni, email:
[email protected] Tm tt Bi bo ny trnh by cc kt qu nghin cu
v vic pdngphngphpphntchccthnhphni xngnhmnngcaokhnngtrlikhngi
xngcacchthngphtinchyscgi.Khi xy ra li li th b iu khin pha li phi p
t dng li c dng ging nh dng ca thnh phn th
tthuncbn,ngthimboccthnhphn thtngcphibtrittiuhocgimnhcng nhiu cng
tt.Mun vy th b iu khin dng cn cthchintrnchaihtrctaquaythun v ngc.
Trong khi , b iu khin pha rotor c iukhinngnglmvic,ccdyqunrotorc
nittquamththngintrtiutnduytr qutrnhvnhnhngbcamyphtvili
phnphi.Ccktqumphngcthchin trongmitrngMatlab-Simulink-Plecschothy
vic p dng bin php khc phc li li ni trn gip cho dng in li tr ln cn
bng hn khi xy ra li li khng i xng.
Abstract:Thispaperpresentsstudyresultsonthe
applicationaspectofthesymmetricalcomponents analysis method in
order to improve the asymmetrical
gridvoltagefaultride-throughcapabilityofwind generator systems.
When the grid voltage undergoes a
faultthegridsideconverterneedstoforcethewave
formofthegridcurrentssimilartothatofthebasis
positivesequencecomponentofthegridcurrentand
toguaranteesthatthenegativesequencehastobe eliminated as much as
possible. In order to do so,the current controller should
beimplemented on both the positiveandnegativerotationalcoordinates.
Simutaneously,therotorsidecurrentcontrolleris
stoppedfromworkingandtherotorwindingsofthe
generatorareshortcircuitedbyadissipativeresistor bank to maintain
the synchronizationof thegenerator
withthepowersupply.Thesimulationresultsinthe Matlab - Simulink -
Plecs environment show, with the
applicationoftheproposedstratergy,thatthegrid
currentsbecomemorebalancedunderasymmentrical grid voltage fault. K
hiu K hiun v ngha TMa trn chuyn i h trc A, B, CMa trn m hnh H(s)Hm
truyn t srad/sVn tc gc stator Ch vit tt MFNKMy pht khng ng b ngun
kp KPMFiu khin pha my pht KPLiu khin pha li KDRTiu khin dng rotor
KDLiu khin dng li BNQDAB ngt qu in p THDXTng hp i xng 1.Tng quan
Cchthngmyphtinscgiangngycng c quan tm pht trin v ngy cng chim t
trng ngktrongtngdunglnginnngcanhiu quc gia. Do vy, khi vn hnh cc h
thng pht in sc gi phi m bo yu cu c th duy tr tnh trng lm vic song
song vi li khi xy ra s c sp li vtilplitrngthilmvicbnhthngcng
smcngttsaukhisclilicloib. Khngnhngth,cchthngiukhintrongcc
hthngmyphtscgihinticnyucuphi ckhnnghtrlitrongsutqutrnhlili, k c li
li i xng v li li khng i xng. Hinnay,vnkhcphclilikhngixng trong thc
t vn hnh v ang nhn c s quan tm,nghincurngridolilikhngixng c thxy ra
thng xuyn hn c li li i xng. in p khng i xng cn xut hin trong cc li
inyungayctrongtrngthilmvicbnh thng. Trong mt s trng hp, cc nhiu lon
trn lihoctikhngixngcnglmchoinp li khng cn i xng na [1]. iu ny c th
dn timtnnhcahthng,nhhngnchc nnglmviccamtsthitbinvcthlm cho h thng
bo v mt cn bng dng in tc ng [2]. Cc phng php iu khin b bin i pha li
khi sp li cng nh khi lm vic vi ti khng cn bng
ccptrongnhiucngtrnhnghincu. Trong ti liu [3], b iu khin dng ca b
bin i phalicthchintrntrctangvi thnh phn th t thun. Trong khi , thnh
phn th tngccainplicathmvotrong 440Hi ngh iu khin v T ng ho ton quc
ln th nht- VCCA-2011 VCCA-2011 thnhphninpuracabiukhindng.
Cchthcthchinbiukhinnhtrnhby cncgilphngphpsdngbiukhin
feedforwardthnhphninpthtngc.ng thi, nghin cu ny cn a ra phng php s
dng hai b iu khin dng cthchin trn c haih trc ta tng ng vi cc thnh
phn th t thun vngcvcgilbiukhinvectordng ingu.Phngphpnycngccpn
trongnhiutiliunghincukhc,chnghnnh
trong[4],[5],[6].Ccbinphpkhcphclili khng i xng s dng b bin i vi 4
nhnh van tronghthngbapha4dycngccptrong cctiliu[7],[8].Biu
khindngloinycho php iu khin ring r cc thnh phn dng in th
tthun,ngcvzerodnnviccthloib cccnhiuloncainpdotikhngcn
bnggyra.Tuynhin,phngphpnykhngp dngcchocchthngbaphakhngcdy trung
tnh. Mt phng php khc c cho l c kh nngbdngtiphituynvkhngcnbngs
dngblctchccchoiukhindngsinc trnh by trong ti liu [9].
Trongbibonycctcgitrnhbymtphng php nng cao kh nng tr li khng i xng
bng cchiukhinringrccthnhphnthtthun vngcvicctiuchkhcnhauchotngthnh
phn. Vi phng php ny th cc tn hiu t ca b iu khin dng pha li c tng hp
t cc thnh phnthtthunvngccadnglitrncc trctaquaytngng.Mtbiukhindng
nhvycncgilbiukhintnghpi xng(THDX)vsctrnhbytrongphnsau ca bi bo. 2.H
thng ba pha khng i xng 2.1BiniParkcahthngbaphakhngi xng Mt h thng
ba pha khng i xng c th c biu din bi cc phng trnh in p sau: .(1) Cc
in p trn c bin i sang h trc ta c nh nh sau: (2) trong v [10] (3)
Tip theo, cc i lng trn h trc ta c th c bin i sang h trc ta quay dq
nh sau: (4) T cc phng trnh (2) v (4) ta c th vit c nh sau: (5) Bin
i phng trnh (5) ta c (6) Thay phng trnh (1) vo phng trnh (6) ta
c
Nutrctacchnnmtrngvitrcca pha A th v khi phng trnh trn c dng n
gin hn nh sau [11]: (7) Cthnhnthyrngkhihthngcnbng
ththnhphnthhaicaphng trnh (7) bng 0. Khi h thng mt cn bng th trong
thnhphncavccccthnhphnmt chiu khng i v thnh phn th hai vi tn s bin i
l 2.2Xcnhccthnhphnthtthunv ngc Vicxcnhccthnhphnthtthunvtht ngc ca
in p v dng in c cp trong nhiutiliunghincu.Trongthctcnhiu phng php
khc nhau c th tch ring cc thnh phn i xng trong cc in p v dng in, c
th nh phng php da trn l thuyt cng sut tc thi [9], phng php s dng cc
b lc [1], [12], phng php tch phn bc hai[13], phng phpkh trtn hiu
[14], [15], [16]...Cc ti liu nghin cu ch ra rng thnh phn th t ngc
ng vai tr nh lhi bc hai trong ta 441Hi ngh iu khin v T ng ho ton
quc ln th nht- VCCA-2011 VCCA-2011 quaydqivithnhphnthtthun.Ngcli,
thnhphnthtthunngvaitrnhlhibc haitrongtaquaydqivithnhphntht
ngc.Vvy,cthdngccblcthngthp lyraccthnhphnmtchiuvloibtnhng
thnhphndaongtnscao,ttchrac ccthnhphnthtthunvngc[1].Theo nguyn l ny,
mt khu xc nh cc thnh phn i xng vi qu trnh qu nhanh v c n nh cao c
gi l khu lc a bin s c trnh by chi tit hn trong phn tip theo ca bi
bo ny.Vimththngkhngsinvkhngcnbng,cc thnh phn th t thun v ngc trn ta
c nh c biu din bi Gi l mt b lc m thng qua n ta nhn c cc thnh phn th
t thun c bn, ngha l (8) Lu du "*" trong cng thc (8) l ch tch chp.
Khi,theotiliu[7],blctmcsc hm truyn nh sau: (9) Trong ,ltn
sgccbn,ltn s im gy. T cc phng trnh (8) v (9) ta c th vit c T ta c
(10) (11) Tngt,gilmtblcmthngquanta nhn c cc thnh phn th t ngc c bn,
ngha l (12) ththeotiliu[7],blctmcschm truyn nh sau: (13) T cc phng
trnh (12) v (13) ta c Cui cng ta c cc phng trnh sau (14) (15) T cc
phng trnh (10), (11), (14) v (15) ta c th xy dng c m hnh khu phn ly
cc thnh phn th t thun ngc nh trn hnh 1. Ccktqumphngcthhintrnhnh2.
Trongm phngny, bin cacain p phaA bgimxungcnkhong75%bininpca cc pha
cn li trong khong thigian t 1s n 1.5s do s c mt ca ti khng cn
bng.2abn1abpabc ab1s1s1s1s-K--K--K--K--K--K--K--K-1ab Hnh 1. Xc nh
cc thnh phn i xng Ccthbnphicahnh2chothyrhncc
pngcainpli,dnginti,thnhphn th t thun v ngc trong khong thi gian t
0,95s n1,2s.Khibincaccphainplimt cn bng th bin cathnh phn th tthun
bt ubgimvbincathnhphnthtngc tng ln. C thnhn thy rng, vi b phthin cc
thnhphnthtthunvngcsdngblca binththigianqutrnhquktkhiinp
libmtcnbngchonkhibincathnh phnthtthunnnhlkhongxpx100ms. Trong khi ,
qu trnh qu ca qu trnh pht hin thnh phn th t ngc l khong 150ms. 0.5
1 1.5-2000200Dien ap luoiThoi gian (s)Voltage 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15
1.2-2000200Dien ap luoiThoi gian (s)Voltage 0.5 1
1.5-40-2002040Dong dien taiThoi gian (s)Ampere 0.95 1 1.05 1.1 1.15
1.2-40-2002040Dong dien taiThoi gian (s)Ampere 0.5 1
1.5-2000200Thanh phan thu tu thuanThoi gian (s)Voltage 0.95 1 1.05
1.1 1.15 1.2-2000200Thanh phan thu tu thuanThoi gian (s)Voltage 0.5
1 1.5-20020Thanh phan thu tu nguocThoi gian (s)Voltage 0.95 1 1.05
1.1 1.15 1.2-20020Thanh phan thu tu nguocThoi gian (s)Voltage Hnh
2. Xc nh cc thnh phn th t thun v ngc ca in p li 442Hi ngh iu khin v
T ng ho ton quc ln th nht- VCCA-2011 VCCA-2011 3.Sch lc tr li khng
i xng Sch lc c bn khc phc li li l b bin i
pharotorsphingnglmvicvccdyqun rotorcamyphtcniknmchquamtb
ngtquinp(BNQDA)ctobimth thng cc in tr tiu tn c iu khin. Trong khi b
bin i pha li c a vo lm vic h tr litrongsutthigianlibsc.iunycho php
gi cho my pht khng b ngt ra khi li khi c s c v sau c th cung cp nng
lng tr li cho li khi li li kt thc. Do my pht v b bin
ipharotorvncnivilinnvicvn hnh ng b vn c duy tr trong sut qu trnh li
li.Ccktqunghincuvvnnyc trnhbychitittrongbibo[17].Trongccphn
tiptheocabibonychtrnhbyvcutrc iu khin pha li nng cao kh nng khc phc
li li s dng b iu khin tng hp i xng. 3.1 M hnh khng gian trng thi ca
li Mhnhkhnggiantrngthicalicthc biu din nh sau [18]: (16) (17) vi,
vl cc thnh phn ca dng in li,,,, , , , ,vlinkhng,tinvintrca
mchlc,lintrcacunkhngvl dng chy qua nhnh song song ca b lc. 3.2 Sch
lc tr li theo phng php cc thnh phn i xng htrlivnngcaokhnngtrlikhng
i xng th c th iu khin ring r cc thnh phn th t thun v ngc vi cc tiu
ch khc nhau cho tngthnhphn.Mctiuiukhinphimbo
ccthnhphnthtngcphibtrittiuhoc gim nh cng nhiu cng tt lm cho dng in
li c dnggingnh dng ca thnh phn tht thun c bn. Cu trciukhinton
bhthngcxy dng nhtrnhnh3vihaiphnchnh:phniukhin pha my pht (KPMF) v
phn iu khin pha li (KPL).Mch vng iu khin pha trong ca phn KPMF l b
iu khin dng rotor (KDRT) c thit k bm theotnhiutcadnginrotor,.Mch
vngngoigmccbiukhinmmenvcng sut phn khng c thit k bm theo cc gi tr
tiucammenintvcngsutphn khng.CckhicnlicaphnKPMFgm
BNQDAvcckhibinicchtrctaca ccbin,tnhtonccgcphatngngcch thch chi tit
ngay trn hnh 3. Phn KPL cng bao gm hai mch vng. Pha trong cng l mch
vng iu khin dng vi b iu khin dngli(KDL).Ccmchvngiukhinpha ngoi c
nhim v m bo n nh gi tr in p ca mchmtchiutrunggian,ngthihtrli trong
qu trnh li li. PITnh mmen v cng sut phn khngPWMKDRTTnh gc pha v in
p statorPIBBPMFMFNK*eT*gQ*rdi*rqirdurqur je udcunrdirqi r jeu sus
jeu sdisqisdusquru mePIPWMKDLTnh gc pha v ccthnh phn i xngPI
BBDPLLi*dcu*susdisqisdusqus je uabcs jeu sdpisqpis tu os tu |+-s nu
os nu |sdtusqtusdnusqnus jeu s jeu susu2 s jeu
*sdnu*sqnu,sdni,sqnisdisqisu2 2sdt sqtu u ++-,sdi,sqio|++++Chuyn
trng
thilogicsdisqidcusuLLLL+-+o|abcabco|+-+-PIPI*sdi*sqisdcisqcisaisbiscisuKPMFKPLBNQDA
Hnh 3. Cu trc iu khin pha li vi b iu khin THDX T kt qu o lng cc in
p li, v ta c th c c gc pha, cc thnh phn i xng thun,vngc,uraca khu
tnh gc pha v cc thnh phn i xng. Thng quacckhubinihtrcta,ccthnhphn
inptrncchtrctathunvngc cchuynsangcchtrctathunv ngc nh sau: (18)
(19) 443Hi ngh iu khin v T ng ho ton quc ln th nht- VCCA-2011
VCCA-2011 Ch rng cc thnh phn ny chnh l cc phn hi in p cho cc mch
vng iu khin pha li. Ccinpphnhicathnhphnthtngc , c so snh vi cc in p
t v. Cc sai lch ca cc thnh phn in p thtngcsau c an cc b iukhin
kiuPI.Cctnhiuuracaccbiukhin ny l, trn h trc ta ngc s c chuyn i sang
h trc ta thun vi cc gi tr u ra l v nh sau: (20) Trong khi , bin ca
thnh phn th t thun ca in p li c tnh nh sau: (21) Tn hiu sai lch gia
v in p t cng c anmtbiukhinkiuPI.uracab iukhinnyldngintchomchvng iu
khin dng bn trong. Mtkhc,inpmtchiucginnh gi tr t nh mt b iu khin PI
khc mch vng in p mt chiu trung gian. u ra ca b iu
khinnyldngintchomchvngiu khin dng bn trong.
Ccgitrtchoccmchvngiukhindng inbntrong,csuyrabngcchcng cc tn hiu u
ra ca cc b iu khin kiu PI vng ngoitheotngtrctavtngng,ngha l: (22)
3.3 B iu khin dng li B KDL cho mch vng iu khin bn trong c thit k
theo kiu deadbeat [19], [20], [21], [22], [23],
[24],[25],[26],[27].ylmtbiukhinphn hi kinh in c kh nng a cc bin
trng thi ca mthiukhinrirctuyntnhvitrngthi v gc ta trong khng gian
trng thi vi s bc khnglnhn[28],[29].Trongtrnghps
bctnhlnhnthccbiukhincthit k vi k thut tng t nh trn cn c gi l cc b
iu khin c p ng hu hn [21], [30]. 4.Cc kt qu nghin cu kim tra v nh
gi chtlng ca phng php khc phc li li cng nh ca ton b h thng iu
khintasdngphnmmmphngMatlab- Simulink-Plecs.itngiukhinlmypht
inkhngngbngunkpviccthngscho trong phn ph lc. B iu khin pha li c
thit k theo phng php kinh in vi cc b iu khin
kiuPI,cnbiukhinphamyphtcthit ktheophngphpPassivity-based.Chititca
phng php ny c cp trong [31]. Cc m phng sp li trong phn tip theo c
tin hnh trong c hai trng hp sau y:-KhiMFNKanglmvictrongchbnh
thngvkhngpdngbinphpiukhin tr li. Da trn cc kt qu m phng ny ta c th
nh gi c mc nh hng ca vic li liiviccthnhphnkhcnhautrongh
thngiukhinkhikhngcbtkmtbin php no c p dng bo v b bin i. -p dngsch
lctr li trong qutrnhxy ra li li. Da trn cc kt qu m phng ny ta c
thnhgichiuqucaschlciu khintr libng cch sosnh vi cckt qu
mphngtrongtrnghpkhngcccbin php x l li li. 1.5 2 2.5
3-400-2000200400Dien ap luoiThoi gian (s)Voltage (a) 1.5 2 2.5
30200400600800Dien ap mot chieu trung gianThoi gian (s)Voltage (b)
1.5 2 2.5 3-20246Thanh phan d cua dong rotorThoi gian (s)Ampere (c)
1.5 2 2.5 3-15-10-50Thanh phan q cua dong rotorThoi gian (s)Ampere
(d) 1.5 2 2.5 3-4-3-2Momen dien tuThoi gian (s)Nm (e) 1.5 2 2.5
3-4000-2000020004000Cong suat phan khangThoi gian (s)VAR (f) 1.5 2
2.5 3-10010Dong dien bo bien doi phia rotorThoi gian (s)Ampere (g)
1.5 2 2.5 3-40-2002040Dong dien taiThoi gian (s)Ampere (h) 1.5 2
2.5 3-505Dong dien bo bien doi phia luoiThoi gian (s)Ampere (i) 1.5
2 2.5 3-40-2002040Dong dien luoiThoi gian (s)Ampere (j) Hnh 4. Cc p
ng khi sp li khi khng c bo v Cc p ng m phng c thchin khi xy ra li
liixngtithiim1,5svkoditrong khong 200ms vi chiu su li khong 70%.
Sau , in p pha A ca li li b gim t ngt ti khong 444Hi ngh iu khin v
T ng ho ton quc ln th nht- VCCA-2011 VCCA-2011 25% ti thi im 2,25s
(li li khng i xng) v ko di trong 500ms. 4.1 Cc p sp li khi khng p
dng chin lc tr li Trongmphngnybbiniphalicci t ch lm vic bnh thng.
Thnh phn ca dnglicvaitrnnhinpmtchiutrung
gianthngquamtbiukhinPIvngngoi. Trongkhithnhphncadnglict
bng0.Ccgitrcammenintvcngsut phn khng t c nh ti -3Nm v 300VAr (hnh
4). 4.2iu khin tng hp i xng Phnmphngtiptheocthchinkhost
ccpngcahthngkhibiukhinTHDX c a vo s dng trong trng hp xuthin tn hiu
li li. BiukhinTHDXsdnggitrtcadng in li c tnh ton t c thnh phn th t
thun vngc cain p li.Trong , thnh phn th t ngc c cng thm vo trong
thnh phn th t thun ca dng t ln lt theo tng trc ta v . 1.5 2 2.5
3-400-2000200400Dien ap luoiThoi gian (s)Voltage (a) 1.5 2 2.5
30200400600800Dien ap mot chieu trung gianThoi gian (s)Voltage (b)
1.5 2 2.5 3-505Thanh phan d cua dong rotorThoi gian (s)Ampere (c)
1.5 2 2.5 3-10-505Thanh phan q cua dong rotorThoi gian (s)Ampere
(d) 1.5 2 2.5 3-4-202Momen dien tuThoi gian (s)Nm (e) 1.5 2 2.5
3-20000200040006000Cong suat phan khangThoi gian (s)VAR (f) 1.5 2
2.5 3-10010Dong dien bo bien doi phia rotorThoi gian (s)Ampere (g)
1.5 2 2.5 3-40-2002040Dong dien taiThoi gian (s)Ampere (h) 1.5 2
2.5 3-40-2002040Dong dien bo bien doi phia luoiThoi gian (s)Ampere
(i) 1.5 2 2.5 3-50050Dong dien luoiThoi gian (s)Ampere (j) Hnh 5.
Cc p ng khi sp li vi b iu khin THDX Cc kt qu m phng trn hnh 5 cho
thy rt r kh nng bo v b bin i pharotor khi li xy ras
c.Dnginquabbinicgimv0trong qu trnh li li v c phc hi li gi tr lm vic
bnhthngkhililiktthcsaumtqutrnh qu.Dnginchyquabbinipharotor
trongqutrnhhiphccngkhngvtqugitr dng in lm vic lc cha c s c. Dng in
li cngcdngcnbnghnkhixuthinlili khng i xng.
4.3Sosnhcckhnngcnbngdnglikhi li li khng i xng Hnh 6 cho thy r hn cc
p ng dng ca b bin iphalivdnginlikhixyralili
khngixng.Hnh6av6blccpngdng ca b bin i pha li v dng in li khi khng
pdngschlctrlitrongkhongthigian 100ms(t2,5sn2,6s).Bbiniphalich
yulmnhimvnnhinpmtchiutrung gian. Hnh 6cv6d lcc p ng dng cab bin
iphalivdnginlikhisdngbiu khin THDX. 2.5 2.55 2.6-202Dong dien bo
bien doi phia luoiThoi gian (s)Ampere 2.5 2.55 2.6-20020Dong dien
luoiThoi gian (s)Ampere 2.5 2.55 2.6-20020Dong dien bo bien doi
phia luoiThoi gian (s)Ampere 2.5 2.55 2.6-40-2002040Dong dien
luoiThoi gian (s)Ampere Hnh 6. Cc p ng khi sp li 5.Kt lun
Thngquavicnghincuccschlciukhin trlicpdngchohthngiukhinpha rotor v
pha li c th rt ra c nhng kt lun c bn sau: -xydngccschlctrlihiuqukhi
li li khng i xng th cn phi phn tch cc in p li ra thnh cc thnh phn
th t thun vngc. B phthin ccthnh phn i xng theo phng php s dng b lc
a bin cho ktquttvcpdngtrongiukhin tr li khng i xng.
-Schlcnngcaokhnngkhcphclili c xut trong bi bo ny cho php gi cho my
pht khng b ngt ra khi li nn vic vn hnhngbvncduytrtrongsutqu
trnhlili.ngthibiukhintnghp ixngphaliscavolmvic
htrinplivlmcnbngdngin trong cc pha.Cutrciukhincamththngmyphtin sc
gi s dng my pht in ngun kp vi b iu khin tng hp i xng khi li li rt
ph hp cho cc li yu hoc cc h thng my pht sc gi cc 445Hi ngh iu khin
v T ng ho ton quc ln th nht- VCCA-2011 VCCA-2011
vngsu,vngxakhuvcinliqucgia.Ni cch khc, cu trc iu khin c ngh trong
bi bonyckhnngthchnghittvicciukin lm vic kh khn, c kh nng bm li tt k
c khi li li khng i xng. Ph lc Cc thng s ca MFNK: Cng sut nh mc7.5kW
in p stator nh mc230/400V ( /Y) in p rotor nh mc366V Tc nh mc1450
Vg/ph Mmen qun tnh0.05 kg/m2 in tr stator SR 0.5035 = O in tr rotor
rR 0.66 = O in cm tn stator0.033sL Ho = in cm tn rotor 0.0049rL Ho
=in cm h cm0.0805mL H = Ti liu tham kho
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Pierik.Operationofgrid-connecteddfigunder
unbalancedgridvoltagecondition.IEEE transactions on energy
conversion, 24(1), 2009. [2]F.A.MagueedandJ.Svensson.Controlofvsc
connectedtothegridthroughlcl-filterto
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