BI TP CHNG 1: S IN LI 01A.S in liI.Bi tp t lunDng 1: Cht in li Phng trnh in li.Bi 1. Cho cc cht sau: HNO3, NaOH, H3PO4, K2CO3, H2S, Ba(OH)2, HClO, HNO2, CH4, C2H5OH, NaCl, Cu(OH)2, Al(OH)3, ng saccaroz ( C12H22O11), Cl2, HCl, H2SO4, SO2. Hy cho bit cht no l cht in li mnh? cht no l cht in li yu? cht no khng in li? Vit PTL ca cc cht in li.

Bi 2: Vit cng thc ca cc cht m khi in li to ra cc ion.

a. K+ v CO32- b. NH4+ v PO43- c. Al3+ v SO42-.

d. Fe3+ v Cl- e. Cu2+ v NO3- f. Ba2+ v OH-g. H+ v SO42- h. Na+ v OH- k. H+ v Br-.

Bi 3: Vit PTL ca cc cht sau:

a. Axit mnh: HNO3, HCl, H2SO4 .

b. Baz mnh: NaOH, KOH, Ba(OH)2.c. Mui tan: CuSO4, BaCl2, Na2CO3, (NH4)2SO4, Al(NO3)3, KMnO4, AgNO3, Fe2(SO4)3, K3PO4, Na2SO3.

d. Axit yu: H3PO4, HClO, HNO2, H2S, CH3COOH.

Dng 2: Tnh nng ion c trong dung dch.

( Tnh nng ion ca cc cht in li mnh.Bi 4: Tnh [ion] cc cht co trong dung dch sau y:

a. dd Ba(OH)2 0,01M.

b. Ha tan 4,9g H2SO4 vo nc thu c 200 ml dung dch.

c. Ha tan 8,96 lit kh hidro clorua (kc) vo nc c 250ml.

d. Dung dch HCl 7,3% ( d = 1,25 g/ml).

e. Dd Cu(NO3)2 0,3 M.

f. Ha tan 12,5g CuSO4.5H2O vo nc thu c 500 ml dd.

Bi 5: Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 0,5 M cha s mol H+ bng s mol H+ c trong 0,3 lit dd HNO3 0,2M.

Bi 6: Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 0,5 M cha s mol H+ bng s mol H+ c trong 300g dd H2SO4 1M ( d = 1,2g/ml).

Bi 7: Tnh th tch dung dch KOH 1M cha s mol OH- bng s mol OH- c trong 0,2 lit dd NaOH 0,5M.

Bi 8: Trn 458,3 ml dung dch HNO3 32% ( d= 1,2 g/ml) vi 324,1 ml dung dch HNO3 14% ( d = 1,08 g/ml). Tnh nng mol ca cc ion c trong dung dch thu c ( gi thit th tch dung dch khng thay i).

Bi 9: Trn ln 500ml dd NaOH 5M vi 200 ml dd NaOH 30%

( d = 1,33 g/ml). Tnh [OH-] c trong dung dch thu c?

Bi 10: Trn 200ml dd Ca(NO3)2 0,5M vi 300ml dd KNO3 2M. Tnh nng mol/lit ca cc ion c trong dung dch sau khi trn.

( Tnh nng ion ca cc cht in li yu.

Bi 11: Tnh [ion] c trong dung dch.

a. dd CH3COOH 1,2M, bit = 1,4%.

b. dd Ca(OH)2 0,0072M , bit = 80%.

c. dd HNO2 1M, bit = 1,4%.

Dng 3: p dng nh lut bo ton in tch.Bi 12: Mt dd cha a mol Ca2+, b mol Mg2+ , c mol Cl- v d mol NO3-. Tm biu thc lin h gia a, b, c, d?

Bi 13: : Mt dd cha x mol Na+, y mol Ca2+ , z mol HCO3- v t mol Cl-. Tm biu thc lin h gia x, y, z, t?

Bi 14: Mt dd cha Na+ (0,9 mol), SO42-(0,1mol), K+(0,1mol) v NO3- ( x mol). Ga tr ca x l bao nhiu? Tnh khi lng rn thu c khi c cn.

Bi 15: Mt dd cha K+ (0,4 mol),Ca2+ (0,3mol) v Cl- ( x mol). Ga tr ca x l bao nhiu? Tnh khi lng rn thu c khi c cn.

Bi 16: Mt dung dch cha Fe2+( 0,1 mol), Al3+ ( 0,2 mol), Cl- ( x mol), SO42- ( y mol). Bit rng khi c cn dung dch v lm khan thi thu c 46,9g cht rn khan. Tm gi tr ca x v y?

Bi 17: Mt dung dch Ca2+ ( 0,03mol), SO42- (0,09 mol), Al3+ (0,06 mol), NO3-( 0,06 mol). Mun c c dung dch trn phi ha tan 2 loi mui no?

II.Bi tp trc nghim

Dng 1: i cng v s in li-phn loi cht in li

Cu I-1:S in li l

A. S phn li cc cht thnh cc phn t nh hn

B. S phn li cc cht thnh ion trong nc

C. S phn li cc cht thnh cc nguyn t cu to nn

D. S phn li cc cht thnh cc cht n gin

Cu I-2:Cht in li l:

A. Cht tan trong nc

B. Cht dn in

C. Cht phn li trong nc thnh cc ionD. Cht khng tan trong nc

Cu I-3:Dung dch no dn in c

A. NaCl B. C2H5OHC. HCHOD. C6H12O6Cu I-4:Cht no khng l cht in li

A. CH3COOH B. CH3COONa C. CH3COONH4D. CH3OH

Cu I-5:Cho cc cht: NaOH,Na2CO3,Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, CH3COONa, C2H5OH,C2H5ONa, HCl, H2SO4,BaCl2, BaSO4S cc cht khi cho thm nc to thnh dung dch dn in l:

A. 11B. 8C. 9D. 10

Cu I-6:Cho cc cht :NaCl (dung dch),KCl (rn),CaCO3 (rn),Pb(NO3)2 (dung dch),PbSO4 (rn),Na2O (rn),Ba (rn),Fe (rn),C6H12O6 (dung dch),nc ct,oleum

a, S cht dn in l:

A. 11B. 8C. 4D. 6

b,S cht khi thm H2O c dung dch dn in l:

A. 6B. 11C. 9D. 8

Cu I-7:Cho cc cht kh :NH3,Cl2,SO2, CO2, SO3, HCl, HF, HBr, F2, H2O, O2, H2a,S cht in li l

A. 4B. 5C. 8D. 12

b,S cht khi thm H2O c dung dch dn in l:

A. 1B. 10C. 9D. 7

Cu I-8:Cht no sao y dn in

A. NaCl nng chy B. CaCO3 nng chy C. AlCl3 nng chy D. 2 trong 3 cht cho

Cu I-9:Cht no sau y dn in

A. NaOH c B. NaOH khan C. NaOH nng chyD. C A v C

Cu I-10:Phng trnh in li no ng?

A. NaCl (Na2+ + Cl-

B. Ca(OH)2 (Ca2+ + 2 OH-

C. C2H5OH ( C2H5+ + OH-

D. C A,B,CCu I-11:Cu no sau y gii thch glucz khng l cht in li

(1)Dung dch glucz khng dn in

(2)Phn t glucz khng phn li thnh cc ion trong dung dch

(3)Trong dung dch glucz khng c dng e dn in

A. (1) B. (2) C. (1) v (2) D. (1), (2) v (3)

Cu I-12: Dung dch mui,axit,baz l nhng cht in li v:

A. Chng c kh nng phn li thnh ion trong dung dchB. Dung dch ca chng dn in

C. Cc ion thnh phn c tnh dn inD. C A,B,C

Cu I-13:Chn cu ng

A. Mi cht tan u l cht in li B. Mi axit mnh u l cht in li

C. Mi axit u l cht in li D. C ba cu u sai

Cu I-14:Cng thc tnh in li l:

A. = m cht tan / m dung dch

B. =m in li / m cht tan

C. = n in li / n dung dch

D. =n in li / n dung dch

Cu I-15: Cho cc gi tr (1) =0 (2)=1 (3) 0(5)

B. (1)=(2)>(3)>(4)>(5)

C. (1)=(2)=(3)=(4)>(5)

D. (1)>(2)>(3)>(4)=(5)

Cu I-21:Khi pha long dung dch CH3COOH 1M thnh dung dch CH3COOH 0,5M th

A. in li tng

B. in li gim

C. in li khng i

D. in li tng 2 ln

Cu I-22: Ion kali hirat K+.nH2O c hnh thnh khi:

A. Ho tan mui KCl vo nc.B. C cn dung dch KCl.C. Ha tan mui KCl vo nc c pha axit v c long. D. C cn dung dch KOH.

Cu I-23:Chn cu pht biu ng:

A. Ch c hp cht ion mi b in li khi ha vo ncB. in li ch ph thuc vo bn cht ca cht in liC. Vi cht in li yu, in li gim khi nng tngD. in li ca cht in li yu c th bng 1E. Tt c u sai.

Cu I-24:Dy cht nao di y chi gm nhng cht tan va in li manh?

A. HNO3, Cu(NO3)2, Ca3(PO4)2, H3PO4B. H2SO4, NaCl, KNO3, Ba(NO3)2

C. CaCl2, CuSO4, CaSO4, HNO3;D. KCl, H2SO4, H2O, CaCl2Cu I-25:Cac dd sau y co cung nng 1M, dung dch nao dn in tt nht

A. NH4NO3B. H2SO4C. Ba(OH)2D. Al2(SO4)3Cu I-26:Cn bng sau tn tai trong dd : CH3COOH CH3COO- + H+ .

Trng hp nao sau y lam cho in li cua CH3COOH giam?

A. Pha long dd

B. Nho thm vai giot dd HCl vao

C. Nho thm vao vai giot dd NaOHD. Nho thm vao vai giot dd NaCl

Cu I-27:Nho vai giot dd phenolphtalein vao dd NH3 thy dd chuyn mau hng. Trng hp nao sau y lam cho mau cua dd m ln?

A. un nhe dd NH3

B. Cho vao dd trn vai giot dd HCl

C. Cho vao dd trn vai giot dd K2CO3D. Cho vao dd trn vai giot dd NH4ClCu I-28:Trong dd H3PO4 co bao nhiu loai ion khac nhau?

A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 6

Cu I-29:Cu no sau y ng khi ni v s in li?

A. S in li l s ho tan mt cht vo nc thnh dung dch

B. S in li l s phn li mt cht di tc dng ca dng in

C. S in li l s phn li mt cht thnh ion dng v ion m khi cht tan trong nc hay trng thi nng chy.

D. S in li l qu trnh oxi ha - kh

Cu I-30:.Dy no sau y u gm nhng cht in li mnh:

A. H2SO4,Na2SO4,Ba(OH)2,HgCl2 ,CH3COOH

B. FeCl3 ,Al(OH)3,Ca(NO3)2 ,HClO4 ,Mg(OH)2C. NaH2PO4,HNO3,HClO,Fe2 (SO4)3 ,H2S D. NaOH,CH3COONa ,HCl,MgSO4,Na2CO3

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