Bt Lap Trinh Plc

8/12/2019 Bt Lap Trinh Plc

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BO GIAO DUC VA AO TAOTRNG AI HOC S PHAM KY THUAT TP.HCM

KHOA C KH CHE TAO MAY BO MON C IEN T

BAI TAP THC HANHPLC S7-300(DANH CHO SINH VIEN NGANH C IEN T T ONG HOA )

BIEN SOAN:ThS. NGUYEN XUAN QUANGThS. VO LAM CHNG

TP.HCM, THANG 12 NAM 2006


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Tai lieu th nghiem PLC 2

1

PHAN 1: GII THIEU THIET B VA PHAN MEM TH NGHIEM

1.1.Bo mo phong ASIMA

Hnh 1.1:Mo hnh cua bo mo phong ASIMA

Bo mo phong ASIMA c phat trien bi ELWE cho muc ch giao duc vahuan luyen nghe nghiep. Ngoai ra, no con co the c s dung e kiem tra cacchng trnh cua cac he thong PLC mot cac an toan va thc te. Moi mot v duc tao ra bang mat na tng ng gan vao bo mo phong.

Tat ca cac ngo vao-ra tren he thong c thiet ke thoa man cac tieu chuancong nghiep: 24V DC cho ngo vao-ra so va 0-10V DC cho ngo vao-ra tng t.Nh the, he thong co the hoat ong vi tat ca cac PLC cua cac hang san xuatchnh. Bo mo phong co the c ket noi vi PLC hoac thong qua cac cap noirieng le cho moi ngo vao-ra hoac qua bo soc-ket 50 chan.

Truong DH SPKT TP. HCM http://www.hcmute.edu.vn

Thu vien DH SPKT TP. HCM - http://www.thuvienspkt.edu.vn


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Hnh 1.2:Cac thanh phan cua bo mo phong




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Panel ket noi1. Bo mo phong hoat ong vi nguon 24V DC. Hang di cua soc-ket co

the c sdung nh la at chung cua cac tn hieu vao-ra so cung nhtng t.2. Thay oi ma nay tng ng vi ma (21) tren mat na c gan vao. Khi

o hoat ong cua cac LED, cong tac cung nh cac num chnh tren bomo phong mi ung vi cac chc nang cua no tren mat na mi c ganvao tng ng.

3. Cac soc-ket nay c s dung e noi cac cam bien va cong tac tren bomo phong vi PLC.

4. Moi nut nhan (S0-S12) eu c ket noi vi soc-ket (3).5.

Soc-ket t 0 7 c dung e noi cac bo phan chap hanh tren mat na(20), v du nh cuon day r-le hoac contactor vi ngo ra cua PLC.

6. Soc-ket H1 - H4 c noi trc tiep vi en tn hieu hoac LED H1 - H4tren panel ieu khien.

7. 4 contactor (rle) c mo ta tren mat na cung c trang b cac congtac ien rieng le.

8. Cac soc-ket c dung e noi cac ngo vao tng t U1 va U2 tren bo mophong vi ngo ra tng t cua PLC.

9. Cac soc-ket c dung e noi cac ngo ra tng t U1 va U2 tren bo mophong vi cac ngo vao cua PLC.10.Tat ca cac ngo vao-ra bo mo phong c noi vi bo soc-ket 50 chan nay.T bo ket noi nay ta co the noi trc tiep cac ngo vao-ra cua bo mophong vi cac ngo vao-ra cua PLC.

Panel ieu khien11.Cac nut nhan S0 S5 c ket noi trc tiep vi cac nut tng ng tren

panel ket noi (3), (4).12.Cac en tn hieu H1 - H4 c ket noi trc tiep vi cac soc-ket H1 H4

tren panel ket noi (6) va tren bo soc-ket 50 chan (10).13.Cac cong tac S6 S11 c ket noi trc tiep vi cac nut tng ng trenpanel ket noi (3), (4).

14.Bo chon la Manual/Automatic.15.Khi (14) c at v tr man.., ien the 0-10V DC c chnh tren

num van thay oi trc tiep ngo vao tng t cua bo mo phong. Tai v trauto.., ngo vao tng t U1 (8) c ket noi vi ngo vao tng tcua bo mo phong.




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16.Num van thay oi trc tiep tn hieu tng t ngo vao (0-10V DC) cua bomo phong.

Panel hien th17.Cac chan e gan mat na len bo mo phong.18.Cac LED ch trang thai hoat ong cua cac bo phan chap hanh tren bo

mo phong.19.Cac LED oan ch s di chuyen, mc..20.Mat na cua bo mo phong.21.Ma cua mat na. Ma nay phai trung vi ma cua panel ket noi (2) e am

bao he thong hoat ong tot.22, 23, 24. Cac nhan va ten cua mat na.

1.2. ET 200M

Hnh 1.3:ET 200M va cac module m rong

Thiet b phan tan I/O co mot CPU ieu khien trung tam giao tiep vi cacI/O thong qua PROFIBUS DP. Do o, a tiet kiem c ang ke chi ph noiday. Ngoai ra toc o giao tiep cao (12Mbit/s) va ng truyen cung co o tincay.

Thiet b phan tan I/O ET 200M la mot mo-un t (slave), hay noi cachkhac o la mot tram thu ong trong mang. No ch co nhiem vu cung cap d lieuthu thap c (cac trang thai cua I/O) cho tram chu (master) khi co yeu cau.Moi ET 200M co the lien ket toi a vi 8 mo-un I/O, o co the la cac mo-unvao-ra so (DI-DO), vao-ra tng t (AI-AO).

Trong bai th nghiem nay PLC S7-300 (CPU 315-2DB) ong vai tram chu,giao tiep vi ET 200M qua PROFIBUS DB. Khi o, bo mo phong ASIMA thayv ket noi trc tiep vi PLC th c noi cng vi ET 200M.

STT Module Ma so1 IM 153-1 153-1AA03-0XB02 AI 8x13BIT 331-1KF01-0AB03 AO 4x12BIT 332-5HD01-0AB04 DI 16xDC24V 321-1BH02-0AA05 DI 16xDC24V 321-1BH02-0AA0

6 DO 16xDC24V/0.5A 322-1BH01-0AA0




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Hnh 1.4:Mo hnh cua bai th nghiem

1.3. Gii thieu phan mem STEP7 va cach khai bao phan cng1.3.1. Cai at giao tiep PG/PC:

Vi viec thiet lap nay, giup ban thiet lap kieu ket noi giao tiep gia thiet blap trnh (PC) va bo ieu khien logic kha trnh (PLC).Chon Start --> Simatic --> STEP7 --> Setting the PG-PC Interface

Hnh 1.5:Set PG/PC Interface




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Neu thay ca so hien len nh hnh, tc la cha co chuan giao tiep nao ccai at, ta phai cai at chuan giao tiep ta s dung tuy thuoc vao phng tien

ang co. Thng ta s dung 2 loai lacap PC Adapterhoaccard CP5611.Chon Select:

Hnh 1.6:Cai at chuan giao tiep

Sau khi cai at xong ta co ca so PG/PC Interface nh sau:

Hnh 1.7:Ca so PG/PC Interface sau khi cai at

Trong hop thoai Set PG/PC Interface ta chon loai card phu hp chuan giaotiep he thong mang va click vao nut Properties

Chon loai modulethch hp. Click chon Install.




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Hop thoai Properties - PC Adapter hien ra, ta thiet lap cac thong so giaotiep can thiet nh: a ch, toc o truyen,

1.3.2. Cach tao mot project vi STEP 7Project trong Simatic khong ch n thuan la mot ng dung ma rong hn

bao gom tat ca nhng g lien quan en viec thiet ke phan mem ng dung eieu khien, giam sat mot hoac nhieu tram PLC. Nh vay trong mot project seco: Cau hnh phan cng ve tat ca cac module cua tng PLC. Bang tham so xac nh che o lam viec cho tng module cua moi tram

PLC.

Cac logic block cha chng trnh ng dung cua tng tram PLC. Cau hnh ghep noi truyen thong gia cac tram PLC.a. Cac bc tao mi mot Project:

phan nay ch trnh bay cach xay dng cau hnh phan cng cho tram PLC.Con viec lap trnh cho STEP 7, ta co the tham khao tai lieu kem theo phanmem do Siemens cung cap.

Chon Start Simatic Simatic Manager, ta se vao man hnhchnh Simatic Manager. e khai bao mot Project mi, t man hnh chnh cua Simatic Managerta chon File New hoac kch chuot vao bieu tng New Project/Library. Sau o khai bao ten cho Project, ni lu tr Project.

b. Xay dng cau hnh phan cng cho tram PLCSau khi ban khai bao mot Project mi bc tiep theo la ta xay dng cau

hnh cng cho tram PLC. Vao Insert Station Simatic 300 Station :

Khai baotram PLC




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Hnh 1.8:Chen cau hnh phan cngSau khi chen mot Station vao, th muc Project cua ta khong con rong na

no co ten mac nh la SIMATIC 300, ta co the oi ten mac nh nay:

Hnh 1.9:Project sau khi chen Hardware

e khai bao cau hnh phan cng, ta click oi vao bieu tng Hardware.Luc nay man hnh co dang nh sau :

Hnh 1.10:Man hnh khai bao phan cng




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Click chuot bung th muc SIMATIC 300 ca so ben phai. Tiep tuc bungth muc Rack-300, sau o keo th muc Rail na ca so ben phai vao na ca

so ben trai :

Hnh 1.11:Man hnh khai bao thanh Rail

Luc nay man hnh cua ta nh sau :

Hnh 1.12:Man hnh sau khi khai bao thanh Rail.




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Bc tiep theo la keo tng thanh phan na ca so ben phai (ca soHardware Catalog) va bo vao ca so ben trai. Chu y la cac thanh phan nay

cung phai tng thch vi cau hnh thatcua mot tram PLC hien co

Hnh 1.13:Khai bao cau hnh phan cng tren mot thanh Rack

Sau khi khai bao cau hnh phan cng xong, click vao nut complier e biendch, neu khong co loi tiep theo click vao nut Download e o phan cngxuong tram PLC.

Chu y:ta khong the at cac thanh phan ca so ben phai vao ca so ben traimot cach tuy tien khong theo mot th t. Thng th cac thanh phan c atvao cac Slot ca so ben trai theo th t nh sau :

Slot 1: ch s dung at module nguon. Slot 2: ch s dung at module CPU. Slot 3: thong thng e rong. Slot 4 ti Slot 11: dung cho cac module truyen thong x ly( modulexuat, module nhap, module vao ra tng t).




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Hnh 1.14:Th t sap xep cua cac Slot tren mot Rack

1.3.3. Khai bao a ch MPI va Profibus:Sau khi khai bao phan cng xong ta khai bao a ch MPI hoac Profibus tuy

theo nhu cau s dung. Lu y ch co CPU nao co cong DP th ta mi co the s

dung mang Profibus.

Hnh 1.15:Phan cng co cong DP

a. Khai bao a ch Profibus

Click oi vao DP/ chon Propertyta se co bang cai at cau hnh mang:




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Hnh 1.16:Ca so khai bao cau hnh mang

Chon a ch phu hp, v du: Address: 4Chon NewNetwork Settings:

Hnh 1.17:Khai bao toc o truyen cua mang

Chon toc o truyen (Transmission Rate): 1.5Mbps




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Chon Profile: DPSau o chon OK, ta se co cau hnh mang nh sau:

Hnh 1.18:Cau hnh mang Profibus sau khi khai bao

Luc nay ta thay co them ng mang Profibus noi vao cong DP.

b. Khai bao a ch MPIBat c CPU nao cung co cong MPI, dung e o phan cng cung nh

chng trnh t may tnh xuong PLC. ekhai bao a ch cong MPI, click oivao CPU, va tng t nh tren ta khai bao a ch, toc o truyen (187.5Mbps).Lu y a ch MPI phai khai bao khac vi a ch Profibus.

1.3.4. Khai bao phan cng cho ET 200MKhi a khai bao xong phan cng cua PLC, ta tiep tuc khai bao phan cngcho ET200M.

Tr lai man hnh Hardware, ta khai bao phan cng cho ET200M. M thmuc PROFIBUS DP nh hnh, ta thay c phan cng cua ET200M

Hnh 1.19:Man hnh khai bao phan cng cho ET 200M




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Tiep tuc m th muc ET 200M, ta thay c nhieu module IM. Chon

module co ma so phu hp vi phan cng ben ngoai.

Hnh 1.20:Chon module IM tng ng vi cau hnh that

Dung chuot keo module at vao ng mang Profibus, khi nao thay xuathien dau cong th tha ra. Khi o phan mem se yeu cau ta khai bao a ch chomodule mi ket noi vao ng mang.




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Hnh 1.21:Khai bao a ch cho module miChon a ch Profibus sao cho khong trung lap. V du Address: 31. Chon

OK khi o ta thay xuat hien them mot module tren ng mang Profibus.

Hnh 1.22:Module sau khi khai bao a ch

Click chuot vao module IM 153-1 ta thay xuat hien cac Slot e khai baocac module vao-ra. Chon trong th muc IM 153-1 cac module co ma so ungvi ma cua phan cng that ben ngoai




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Hnh 1.23:Khai bao tiep cac module m rong




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PHAN 2: CAC BAI TH NGHIEM

BAI 1: CAC HAM LOGIC C BAN

2.1.1. Thiet lap phan cngS dung phan mem STEP7 thiet lap cac cau hnh phan cng cho PLC S7-

300 va ET200M nh hng dan phan mot:

Thiet lap cau hnh phan cng cho PLC S7-300- a ch MPI: 2- a ch Profibus: 4- Khai bao ay u cac mo-un co san cua S7-300

Thiet lap cau hnh phan cng cho ET-200M- a ch Profibus: 31- Khai bao ay u cac mo-un co san cua ET-200M

Kiem tra cac a ch vao ra:NGO VAO NGO RA

THIET BNGOAI

A CH THIET BNGOAI

A CH

S0 Q0S1 Q1S2 Q2S3 Q3S4 Q4S5 Q5S6 Q6S7 Q7

S8S9S10S11

Bang 1:a ch vao ra




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2.1.2. Cac ham logic c ban

Hnh 2.1:Cac ham logic c ban

a. Yeu cau

Thanh lap cac bang trang thai cua tat ca cac ham trong hnh 1 Viet chng trnh PLC bang ngon ng STL. S dung mo phong kiem tra

lai ket qua at c.b. Bao cao Bang 1: a ch ngo vao/ra Cac bang trang thai Cac chng trnh PLC tng ng




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BAI 2: IEU KHIEN ONG C 3 PHA

2.2.1.Thiet lap phan cng

Thiet lap cau hnh phan cng cho PLC S7-300, CPU 315-2DP- a ch MPI: 2- a ch Profibus: 4- Khai bao ay u cac mo-un co san cua S7-300


Kiem tra cac a ch vao raNGO VAO NGO RA

THIET BNGOAI

A CH THIET BNGOAI

A CH

S0 K1S1 K2S2 K3S5 K4

Q1H1H2

Bang 2:a ch ngo vao/ra




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2.2.2. Chng trnh khi ong sao-tam giac cho ong c 3 pha.

Hnh 2.2:Ket noi sao-tam giac t ong

a. Yeu caue khac phuc dong khi ong ln th ong c bat ong bo 3 pha ro-to long

soc khi ong theo ket noi sao va t ong chuyen sang ket noi tam giac saumot khoang thi gian.

b. Mo ta chc nangKhi nut nhan S1 c kch hoat, ong c bat au chay che o sao (Y)-

(cong tac t K4) va cong tac t chnh K1 c kch hoat. Sau 10s mach t ong

chuyen sang che o tam giac (). Khi o cong tac t K1 van hoat ong, che oY cua cong tac t K4 b tat trc khi cong tac t K3 c kch hoat.Khi ong c b qua tai, no phai t ong ngng hoat ong (thong qua r le

Q1 va c mo phong bi S5).

c. Bao cao Ve mach phan cng cua PLC Lu o giai thuat cua qua trnh hoat ong Chng trnh hoat ong cua PLC




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2.2.3. Chng trnh ao chieu quay ong c 3 pha ket hp khi ong noi

sao-tam giac

a. Yeu cauong c ba pha bat ong bo ro-to long soc phai hoat ong theo ca hai

chieu quay. Ngoai ra e ngan dong khi ong cao, ong c c khi ongtheo ket noi sao-tam giac.b. Mo ta chc nang

Tng t nh phan mot, tuy nhien ay ta co 2 contactor K1, K2 s dungcho chieu quay cua ong c. K1: quay thuan va K2: quay ngc.

Chc nang 1Ch c oi chieu quay khi angng ong c.Chc nang 2

Co the thay oi chieu quay ma khong can ngng ong c.c. Bao cao Ve mach phan cng cua PLC Lu o giai thuat cua qua trnh hoat ong Chng trnh hoat ong cua PLC.




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BAI 3: IEU KHIEN QUAT THONG GIO

2.3.1. Thiet lap phan cng




THIET BNGOAI

A CH THIET BNGOAI

A CH

S0 H1S1 H2S2 H3S3 H4S4 RDS5 YEB1 GNB2

RESETBang 3:a ch ngo vao/ra




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2.3.2. He thong ga-ra xe

Hnh 2.3:ieu khien quat thong gio

a. Yeu cauGa ra ngam c lam thong thoang vi 4 cai quat. e am bao ga ra ngam

ch c dung khi u o thong thoang, en giao thong c lap at loi vao.Cac tn hieu nay c the hien theo trnh t sau :en xanh

t nhat 3 quat ang hoat ong, o thong thoang c am bao.en vang

Ch co 2 quat hoat ong, o thong thoang va u

en ot hn 2 quat hoat ong, o thong thoang khong u.

b. Mo ta chc nangChc nang 1Tat ca cac quat c m ong thi bang nut nhan S5 va c tat bi S0.

Hoat ong cua cac quat c hien th bang en H1, H2, H3, H4 tng ng. Khiong c quat qua tai th cac rle bao ve ong c tng ng se ngat ong c




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ong thi cac en hien th cung tat. Cac rle c mophong bi cac nut nhanS1, S2, S3, S4.

Chc nang 2en giao thong phai o khi ga ra ngam a ay (12 oto). Oto vao, ra cnhan biet bi cac cam bien B1, B2 tng ng.

Bo em c reset bi bi nut Reset.





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BAI 4: EN GIAO THONG CHO NGI I BO





THIET BNGOAI

A CH THIET BNGOAI

A CH

S0 GNS1 YES2 RDS3 GNS6 YE

RDGNRDGNRD





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2.4.2. He thong en giao thong

Hnh 2.4:He thong en giao thong

a. Mo ta chc nangChc nang 1Khi S2 c nhan, en giao thong cho xe co chuyen sang en vang che

o nhap nhay. Neu S3 c nhan sau o, che o tong bat au va tat ca engiao thong chuyen sangen o. Sau mot thi gian delayva mot pha en vang,en giao thong cho xe chuyen sangen xanh.

Khi ngi i bo nhan S1, he thong en giao thong cho xe chuyen sang en

o sau mot thi gian delay va mot pha en vang, sau o chuyen lai en xanh.2 pha cua en danh cho ngi i bo la nh nhau.

Nhan S0 e tat che o ieu khien.Chc nang 2 che o t ong, he thong en giao thong phai chuyen sang che o em

t 10:00 pm en 5:00 am. Khi o, en giao thong danh cho xe phai che oen vang nhap nhay. Khi co yeu cau t ngi i bo, mot chu k nh chc nang1 bat au.




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b. Bao cao Ve mach phan cng cua PLC. Ve gian o bieu th hoat ong cua 3 en. Lu o giai thuat cua qua trnh hoat ong Chng trnh hoat ong cua PLC




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BAI 5: IEU KHIEN NHIET O

2.5.1.Thiet lap phan cng



Kiem tra cac a ch vao ra

NGO VAO NGO RATHIET BNGOAI

A CH THIET BNGOAI

A CH

S0 H1S1 Y1S2 Y2

S3 Y3Y4

U1Bang 5:a ch ngo vao/ra




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2.5.2. He thong lonhiet

Hnh 2.5:He thong nhiet o

a. Yeu cauNhiet o trong phong c ieu khien bang cach ong m cac lo si bang

PLC

b. Mo ta chc nangChc nang 1

Khi he thong nhiet o chuyen sang trang thai ch (standby) bang S1, ench th H1 sang. Cac lo si co the ong m tng bc vi cac nut nhan S2, S3

thong qua cac van (valves) Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4 (hien th led tng ng). Nhan S0se tat tat ca he thong.Chc nang 2

chc nang tren tat ca cac lo si co cung mot kha nang nhiet o. Trongchc nang nay gia s Y1: 1kW, Y2: 2kW, Y3: 4kW, Y4: 8kW. V the, tam nhieto co the t 0kW en 15kW vi bc nhay la 1kW.

Chc nang 3

Cac lo si c ong m nh chc nang 1 nhng c ieu khien bi nutvan thay v cac nut nhan S2, S3.




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Tam tuyen tnh (0V, 10V)~(0%, 100%).Chc nang 4

Cac lo si c ong m nh chc nang 2 nhng c ieu khien bi nutvan thay v cac nut nhan S2, S3.





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BAI 6 HE THONG PHAN NG





THIET BNGOAI

A CH THIET BNGOAI

A CH

S0 H1S1 H2S2 H3S3 H4S4 Y1S5 Y2S11 Y3L- Y4L+ M1

Quay thuanQuay ngc





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2.6.2. He thong phan ng

Hnh 2.6:He thong phan ng

a. Mo ta chc nangChc nang 1: ieu khien bang tay- Nhan S1: khi ong che o bang tay, en H1 sang.- Nhan S4 e cung cap kh tr trong khoang thi gian t1=10s. en H4 sangtrong khoang thi gian tng ng.- Sau o vong lam lanh c m(van Y2)- Nhan S2, S3 e cho phep cung cap hoa chat va xuc tac, khi o en H2, H3sang. Toc o cung cap hoa chat c chnh bang num van M1 (lu y phai m

M1 trc). Chat xuc tac c a vao bang van Y3.- Khi mc toi a L+ at c, cac van M1, Y3 ong lai va phan ng bat autrong khoang thi gian t2=10s. ong thi ong c tron M2 cung bat au vaquay lan lt theo ca 2 chieu.- Khi phan ng ket thuc, ong c tron ngng, van Y1 m ra va lo phan ngxa kh ra.- Toc o xa c chnh bang num van Y1. Khi xuong mc thap nhat L-, vanY1 ong va vong lam lanh tat.




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- Khi nut dng khan cap S0 c nhan, cac qua trnh eu b ngat ngoai vonglam lanh. Qua trnh c bat au lai khi nhan S1.

Chc nang 2: ieu khien t ong- Them vao chc nang 1 che o ieu khien t ong: c chon bang nutnhan S5. Khi o qua trnh tren se xay ra tuan t khi kh tr c cung cap(nhan S4).- Che o ieu khien bang tay co the c chon bang nut nhan S1.- Chc nang cua S0 van c gi nguyen.

b. Bao cao Ve mach phan cng cua PLC Lu o giai thuat cua qua trnh hoat ong Chng trnh hoat ong cua PLC


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