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CH.2 Cognitive Neuro-science
The Brain?
The Brain
• The nervous Sys-tem
Receive ProcessRespond to informa-tion from the envi-
ronment
“Our ability to perceive, adapt to, and interact with the world around us”
The Brain
• Postmortem Stud-ies
“after death”
• Animal Studies
The Brain
사람
• Electrical Record-ings
The Brain
‘EEGs’
‘ERPs’
다른 기술과 함께 결합하여 사용
• Static Imaging Techniques (still image)
The Brain
X-ray 기반
혈관 조형 술
CaT scan
MRI
PET scan - blood flow
• Metabolic Imaging ( 산소와 포도당의 소비 )
The Brain
fMRI - Oxygen
The Brain
• Gross Anatomy of the Brain
Cerebral cortex ( 대뇌피질 )
Basal ganglia ( 대뇌핵 )
Limbic system ( 대뇌 변연계 )
Hippocampus ( 해마 )Amygdala ( 편도 )Septum ( 격막 )
Thalamus ( 시상 )
Hypothalamus ( 시상하부 )
The Brain
Cerebral cor-tex
( 대뇌피질 )
• Forebrain
Basal gan-glia
( 대뇌핵 )
Hippocam-pus
( 해마 )
Amygdala ( 편도 )
Septum ( 격막 )
Limbic system ( 대뇌 변연계 )
The Brain• Forebrain
Thalamus ( 시상 )
시상
Visual
Audi-tory
So-matosen
sorymotor
대뇌피질
Hypothalamus ( 시상하부 )
The Brain
• Gross Anatomy of the Brain
Superior colliculi ( 상층둔덕 )
Inferior colliculi ( 하층둔덕 )
RAS ( 망상활성화 시스템 )
회백질 / 적색핵 / 흑질 /vental region
The Brain• Midbrain
Superior colliculi ( 상층둔덕 )
Inferior colliculi ( 하층둔덕 )
RAS ( 망상활성화 시스템 )
회백질 / 적색핵 /흑질 /vental re-gion
ㆍ ㆍ ㆍ
The Brain
• Gross Anatomy of the Brain
Medulla oblongata ( 연수 )
Pons ( 뇌교 )
Cerebellum ( 소뇌 )
The Brain
Medulla oblon-gata ( 연수 )
Pons ( 뇌교 )
Cerebellum ( 소뇌 )
• Hindbrain
• Cerebral cortex and Localization of Func-tion
The Brain
•Sulci – small grooves•Fissures - large grooves•Gyri - Sulci 와 Fissures 사이의 돌출부
•Left cerebral hemisphere- Kind of activity
•Right cerebral hemi-sphere- Other kind
• Corpus callosum 을 통해 반구 끼리 커뮤니케이션 가능
• Hemispheric Specialization
The Brain
• Broca’s area – speech
• Wernick’s area – understandig language
• Roger Sperry- Corpus Callosum ( 뇌량 )
Left hemisphere
•Language
•Movement
•Speaking of visual information
•Analutically (piece by piece)
The Brain
• Hemispheric Specialization
Right hemisphere
•little grammatical or pho-netic understanding /good semantic knowledge
•Practical language use
•Pointing of visual information
•Holistically (whole)
•visuospatial
• Lobes of cerebral Hemisphere
The Brain
•전두엽
-Motor processing and higher thought process( 판단 / 문제해결 / 성격 / 계획된 움직임 )
•Prefrontal cortex – complex motor control and task that require integration of information
•Primary motor cortex- 계획 / 조정 / 움직임의 실행 / 움직임의 특정
• Lobes of cerebral Hemisphere
The Brain
•마루엽
-somatosensory precessiong ( 촉감 , 고통 , 온도감각 , 사지 위치 )
•Primary somatosensory cortex-( 압박 , 씹히는느낌 , 온도 , 고통 ..)
• Lobes of cerebral Hemisphere
The Brain
•측두엽-autditory processiong ( 복잡한 음향 분석 )
•후두엽-visual processiong
The Brain
• Association Areas- The activity of sensory 와 motor cortices 를 연결
•Frontal Association area in 전두엽
- 문제해결 , 계획 , 판단을 위해 중요한 역할
보다 – visual cortex 활성화
말하다 – motor cortex 활성화
듣다 – auditory cortex 활성화
관련된 단어 만들기-Visual + auditory+ motor =Association area 활성화
PET scan