Challenges and opportunities for the thermal use of ... · Challenges and opportunities for the thermal use of groundwater in ... Arbeitsgruppe Geothermie ... your attention. Title:

Challenges and opportunities forthe thermal use of groundwater in urban areas – the Munich Case

Kai Zosseder & Immanuel Pache

TUM – Chair of HydrogeologySWM Service GmbH

GRETA Midterm Conference7th of November 2017

GRETA Midterm Conferenece 07/11/2017 Dr. K. Zosseder 2/21

Quelle: http://www.mazfotoart.de

Urban AreasUrban Areas – Why are they special?

Demand Climate Protection Aims Urban Climate Suburban Infrastructure

CO2-Reduction aims of somemetropolises until 2060

Data center of the city of Munich® h4a Architekten


Challenge for Urban Areas

• Increasing Energy Demand(Increasing Cooling Demand)

• Increasing Requirement for Climate Protection

Ecological Efficiency (ressource efficiency)Ecological Sufficiency (mitigation)

Ecological Consistency (renewable)

Shallow Geothermal Energy can have a significantimpact to Ecological Efficiency and Consistency


Source: Google

Thermal Use of Groundwater :Example Munich


Munich Geology


Essential Geothermal Variable

Volumen Flux

Groundwater Temperature

Potential Thermal Utilization

Variables to estimate the available Volume Flux

Aquifer Thickness

Hydraulic Conductivity

Depth to water table

Groundwater flow direction

Groundwater flow velocity

Groundwater discharge

Thermal Variables

Groundwater-, Soil- and Airtemperature

(temporal and local temperature variance;

natural and anthropogenic Influences)

Thermal Conductivity

Heat Storage Capacity

Assessment of essentialGeothermal Parameters


Data acquisition and analysis

Digital Drilling Database Analysis Daten

30.000 borehole data

Groundwater Measurement

Groundwater depth (8000 Measurements/week)

Groundwater temperature (1140 Meassurements/week)

Hydraulic Conductivity

about 500 Pump Test from Archive Data analysed

Analysis of the existing thermal groundwater use

Hydraulic

Conductivity


Groundwater Thickness

Heterogeneous Structure

Legende:

0 m 20 m


• Case 1: Profile (ca. 1 km length): High Groundwater Volume Flux ,

constant cold temperature good situation to use groundwater for cooling

possible temperature spreading 5 K about 8 MW possible to use.

• Case 2: Profile (ca. 1 km length): Low Groundwater Volume Flux, constant high

groundwater temperature low possibility to use groundwater for cooling.

11

22

[m]

Gro

un

dw

ater

Tem

per

atu

re

Gro

un

dw

ater

Thic

knes

s

Example: Possibilites to usegroundwater for cooling


Thermal groundwater use of the SWMOverview of used technics

Usewaste heat

Usewaste cold

combination:

„district cooling“ with sewer pipe or well(cold groundwater direct /indirect use)

heat supply with sewer pipe or well(groundwater heat)

„district cooling“

user

indirect

cooling

direct

coolingdomestic

hot water

panel heating

Coo

lin

gu

nit

Hea

t

Exch

an

ge

r

South North NorthSouth

groundwater groundwater

Hea

t

Exch

an

ge

r

Heat Exchanger

Hig

h T

em

pe

ratu

re

Hea

tP

um

p

Lo

w T

em

pe

ratu

re

Hea

tP

um

p

Sewer pipe

system or wellSewer pipe

system or well

(exemplary) (exemplary)(exemplary) (exemplary) (exemplary) (exemplary) (exemplary) (exemplary)

cold water

warm water

pump


Use of existing Subway Sewer Pipe Systems

Hydraulische Rückschlagklappe

Förderpumpe

Subway plan of Munich

Subway Sewer Pipe System

Groundwater CalculationsFlux measurement in a sewer pipe, AUP Unterwassertechnik

Thermal groundwater use of the SWM


District cooling networkBMW-FIZ 5 MW (255 l/s, 8 Mio. m³/a)

BMW-FIZ Fernkälte: Verlegung der Rohrleitung

Distribution systemsto the data center BMW-FIZ

Sewer pipe

4,6 km distribution network

Connecting7 sewer pipe systems

cooling a data ceter


Well Sewer Pipe System



2017

Cooling Supply for the data centerof the city of Munich Status(2017)

Groundwater Thickness (blue) and Groundwater Levels (black),

High Volume Flux caused by a channel structurenext to the user demand

2014


District cooling network Moosach2,5 MW (120 l/s, 2,8 Mio. m³/a)

Well

Cooling Demand



SWM Company Center Part Q® Fritsch + Tschaidse Architekten

SWM Bus Station Moosach® JSWD Architekten

SWM Dantebad

SWM ompany flats and kindergarden. KiTa Postillonstr. 3, ® Laux Architekten2017

2014

2020

2020

2020

Additional Development ofthe cooling networkIn combination with the a heating demandPlan Status 2020

Well Expansion if necessary

District cooling network Moosach4.2 MW cooling, 0.8 MW heating

WellHeat DemandCooling Demand


Existing thermal groundwater usage

heating

cooling

heating and cooling

heating

cooling

heating and cooling


Amount of installations

Groundwater Extraction

Small Installations Annual Extraction < 100.000 m3 about. 26 Mio. m3/a

= about 18% (1795 Systems = 91%)

Large Installations Annual Extraction > 100.000 m3 about 117 Mio. m3/a

= about 92% (173 Systems= 9%)

Very large Installations Annual Extraction > 1 Mio. m3 about 69 Mio. m3/a

= about 48% (27 Systems= 1,4%)

Cooling installations –Monthly percentage Part of the anual Extraction

- heating installations


heating

heating

cooling

cooling

heating and cooling

heating and cooling

Amount

Sum

Sum [m3/a]

Approv. Amount [m3/a]





Stairs and Panel Heating Subway Station Therese Ghiese Alee



Stairs and Panel Heating Subway Station Therese Ghiese Alee

• Completely Snow and Ice-free

• Groundwater System: down to -10°C positive surface temperatures

• CO2-Pipe System: down to -20°C positive surface temperatures

• Primary energy consumption: Electrical Energy Pumps: 2234 kWh Electrical Energy additional sources: 290 kWh

• Sum: 2524 khW Area of 150 m2 = 16.8 kWh/a*m2

• Before Restoration: 170.0 kWh/a*m2


Trend

Increasing demand of groundwatercooling in Munich

Challenge

– Distance source - user

– User density structure

– Stronger legal restrictions

Need Urban GW-Management

Chances

– Use of Urban Infrastructure (Sewer Pipes)

– Development of integratednetworks for cooling andheating demand

Conclusion & Outlook

2004• GW-Cooling System BMW-FIZ

• 5 MW Cooling

2007• GW-Cooling System SWM Zentrale

• 2 MW Cooling

2014• GW-Cooling System Moosach IT@M• 2,5 MW Cooling

2017• GW-Cooling System MM-Druckerei• 0,5 MW Cooling

2018• GW-Cooling/Heating System TÜV & MO82• 2,2 & 0,7 MW Cooling / 1 MW Heating

• Further Project in development



Dr. Kai Zosseder

E-Mail [email protected]: 0049 89 289 25834FAX: 0049 89 289 25852WEB: www.hydro.geo.tum.de

Technische Universität MünchenLehrstuhl HydrogeologieArbeitsgruppe GeothermieArcisstr. 21, 80333 Munich

Thank you foryour attention

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Challenges and opportunities for the thermal use of ... · Challenges and opportunities for the thermal use of groundwater in ... Arbeitsgruppe Geothermie ... your attention. Title: