Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Chapter #6. Nomenclature. Forces Between Particles Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Naming Nonbinary Ionic Compounds Naming Binary Molecular Compounds Naming Nonbinary Molecular Compounds Naming Hydrogen Compounds. NOMENCLATURE. I. Binary Ionic compounds. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Chapter #6Nomenclature
Forces Between Particles
Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Naming Nonbinary Ionic Compounds Naming Binary Molecular Compounds Naming Nonbinary Molecular Compounds Naming Hydrogen Compounds
Binary means two different elements
Ionic means metal and nonmetal
Step 1First give the name of the metal, followed by thenonmetal name using the “ide” suffix.
Step 2 If the metal is to the right of group IIA, then aRoman numeral is used after the metal to todescribe the charge of the metal. Except Ag,Zn,and Al
Examples
NaCl Al2O3
FeCl2 FeCl3
NOMENCLATUREI. Binary Ionic compounds
Binary means two different elements
Ionic means metal and nonmetal
Step 1First give the name of the metal, followed by thenonmetal name using the “ide” suffix.
Step 2 If the metal is to the right of group IIA, then aRoman numeral is used after the metal to todescribe the charge of the metal. Except Ag,Zn,and Al
Examples
NaCl Sodium chloride Al2O3
FeCl2 FeCl3
NOMENCLATUREI. Binary Ionic compounds
Binary means two different elements
Ionic means metal and nonmetal
Step 1First give the name of the metal, followed by thenonmetal name using the “ide” suffix.
Step 2 If the metal is to the right of group IIA, then aRoman numeral is used after the metal to todescribe the charge of the metal. Except Ag,Zn,and Al
Examples
NaCl Sodium chloride Al2O3 Aluminum oxide
FeCl2 FeCl3
NOMENCLATUREI. Binary Ionic compounds
Binary means two different elements
Ionic means metal and nonmetal
Step 1First give the name of the metal, followed by thenonmetal name using the “ide” suffix.
Step 2 If the metal is to the right of group IIA, then aRoman numeral is used after the metal to todescribe the charge of the metal. Except Ag,Zn,and Al
Examples
NaCl Sodium chloride Al2O3 Aluminum oxide
FeCl2 Iron(II) chloride FeCl3
NOMENCLATUREI. Binary Ionic compounds
Binary means two different elements
Ionic means metal and nonmetal
Step 1First give the name of the metal, followed by thenonmetal name using the “ide” suffix.
Step 2 If the metal is to the right of group IIA, then aRoman numeral is used after the metal to todescribe the charge of the metal. Except Ag,Zn,and Al
Examples
NaCl Sodium chloride Al2O3 Aluminum oxide
FeCl2 Iron(II) chloride FeCl3 iron(III) chloride
NOMENCLATUREI. Binary Ionic compounds
II. Nonbinary Ionic compoundsNonbinary means more than two different elements
Step 1
First give the name of the metal, followed by the memorized polyatomic ion name.
Step 2
If the metal is to the right of group IIA, then aRoman numeral is used after the metal to describe the charge of the metal. Except Ag, Zn, and Al.
Examples
NaOH Fe(NO3)3
FeSO4Zn(C2H3O2)2
Formula Name Formula Name
NH4+ Ammonium O2
2- Peroxide
C2H3O2- Acetate NO3
- Nitrate
CO32- Carbonate NO2
- Nitrite
HCO31- Hydorgen
carbonateSO4
2- Sulfate
ClO4- Perchlorate SO3
2- Sulfite
ClO3- Chlorate PO4
3- Phosphate
ClO2- Chlorite PO3
3- Phosphite
ClO- Hypochlorite CrO42- Chromate
CN- Cyanide Cr2O72- Dichromate
OH- Hydroxide
Memorized Polyatomic Ion List
II. Nonbinary Ionic compoundsNonbinary means more than two different elements
Step 1
First give the name of the metal, followed by the memorized polyatomic ion name.
Step 2
If the metal is to the right of group IIA, then aRoman numeral is used after the metal to describe the charge of the metal. Except Ag, Zn, and Al.
Examples
NaOH Fe(NO3)3
FeSO4Zn(C2H3O2)2
Sodium hydroxide
CO
II. Nonbinary Ionic compoundsNonbinary means more than two different elements
Step 1
First give the name of the metal, followed by the memorized polyatomic ion name.
Step 2
If the metal is to the right of group IIA, then aRoman numeral is used after the metal to describe the charge of the metal. Except Ag, Zn, and Al.
Examples
NaOH Fe(NO3)3
FeSO4Zn(C2H3O2)2
Sodium hydroxide
Iron(III) nitrate
II. Nonbinary Ionic compoundsNonbinary means more than two different elements
Step 1
First give the name of the metal, followed by the memorized polyatomic ion name.
Step 2
If the metal is to the right of group IIA, then aRoman numeral is used after the metal to describe the charge of the metal. Except Ag, Zn, and Al.
Examples
NaOH Fe(NO3)3
FeSO4Zn(C2H3O2)2
Sodium hydroxide
Iron(III) nitrate
Iron(II) sulfate
II. Nonbinary Ionic compoundsNonbinary means more than two different elements
Step 1
First give the name of the metal, followed by the memorized polyatomic ion name.
Step 2
If the metal is to the right of group IIA, then aRoman numeral is used after the metal to describe the charge of the metal. Except Ag, Zn, and Al.
Examples
NaOH Fe(NO3)3
FeSO4Zn(C2H3O2)2
Sodium hydroxide
Iron(III) nitrate
Iron(II) sulfate Zinc acetate
III. Binary molecular Compounds
Step 1First give the name of the first nonmetal,followed by the nonmetal name using the “ide”
suffix.Step 2
Give each nonmetal a Latin prefix describing the number of atoms present in the compound.
ExamplesCO CO2
P2O5 CCl4
Molecular means nonmetals
You will need to learn the Greek numerical prefixes (Table 4.6):
Number Prefix
1 Mono-*
2 Di-
3 Tri-
4 Tetra-
5 Penta-
6 Hexa-
7 Hepta-
8 Octa-
9 Nona-
10 Deca-
*Note 1 Compound names never start with mono
Note 2 When adding a prefix two vowls cannot next to each other
III. Binary Molecular Compounds
Step 1First give the name of the first nonmetal,followed by the nonmetal name using the “ide”
suffix.Step 2
Give each nonmetal a Latin prefix describing the number of atoms present in the compound.
ExamplesCO Carbon monoxide CO2
P2O5 CCl4
Molecular means nonmetals
III. Binary Molecular Compounds
Step 1First give the name of the first nonmetal,followed by the nonmetal name using the “ide”
suffix.Step 2
Give each nonmetal a Latin prefix describing the number of atoms present in the compound.
ExamplesCO Carbon monoxide CO2 Carbon dioxide
P2O5 CCl4
Molecular means nonmetals
III. Binary Molecular Compounds
Step 1First give the name of the first nonmetal,followed by the nonmetal name using the “ide”
suffix.Step 2
Give each nonmetal a Latin prefix describing the number of atoms present in the compound.
ExamplesCO Carbon monoxide CO2 Carbon dioxide
P2O5 CCl4
Molecular means nonmetals
III. Binary Molecular Compounds
Step 1First give the name of the first nonmetal,followed by the nonmetal name using the “ide”
suffix.Step 2
Give each nonmetal a Latin prefix describing the number of atoms present in the compound.
ExamplesCO Carbon monoxide CO2 Carbon dioxide
P2O5 Diphosphorus Pentoxide
CCl4
Molecular means combination of nonmetals
III. Binary Molecular Compounds
Step 1First give the name of the first nonmetal,followed by the nonmetal name using the “ide”
suffix.Step 2
Give each nonmetal a Latin prefix describing the number of atoms present in the compound.
ExamplesCO Carbon monoxide CO2 Carbon dioxide
P2O5 Diphosphorus Pentoxide
CCl4 Carbon tetrachloride
Molecular means combination of nonmetals
IV. Nonbinary Molecular Compounds
Step 1
Write down the memorized polyatomic ions present in the compound.
Step 2
Look to see if any monatomic ions are present. If so, then cations use the normal name. If it is an anion, then its name comes last with the “ide” suffix.
Examples
NH4Cl
NH4OH
Note: Do not use Latin prefixes
IV. Nonbinary Molecular Compounds
Step 1
Write down the memorized polyatomic ions present in the compound.
Step 2
Look to see if any monatomic ions are present. If so, then cations use the normal name. If it is an anion, then its name comes last with the “ide” suffix.
Examples
NH4Cl
NH4OH
Note: Do not use Latin prefixes
Ammonium chloride
IV. Nonbinary Molecular Compounds
Step 1
Write down the memorized polyatomic ions present in the compound.
Step 2
Look to see if any monatomic ions are present. If so, then cations use the normal name. If it is an anion, then its name comes last with the “ide” suffix.
Examples
NH4Cl
NH4OH
Note: Do not use Latin prefixes
Ammonium chloride
Ammonium hydroxide
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Case 1
Case 2
Case 3
Case 4
If the anion ends in “ide” and it is aqueous, then use the prefix hydro and suffix “ic acid”
If the anion ends in “ate” then drop it and add the suffix “ic acid”
If the anion ends in “ite” then drop it and add the suffix “ous acid”
If the anion ends in” ide” and is a gas, or liquid, then leave the name and do not use Latin prefiex
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
chloride
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
chloride chloric acid
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
chloride chloric acid hydrochloric acid
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
chloride chloric acid hydrochloric acid
nitrate
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
chloride chloric acid hydrochloric acid
nitrate nitric acid
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
chloride chloric acid hydrochloric acid
nitrate nitric acid
nitrite
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
chloride chloric acid hydrochloric acid
nitrate nitric acid
nitrite nitrous acid
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
chloride chloric acid hydrochloric acid
nitrate nitric acid
nitrite nitrous acid
oxide
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
chloride chloric acid hydrochloric acid
nitrate nitric acid
nitrite nitrous acid
oxide hydrogen oxide
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
chloride chloric acid hydrochloric acid
nitrate nitric acid
nitrite nitrous acid
oxide hydrogen oxide
chloride
Compounds that Start with Hydrogen
Examples
HCl (aq)
HNO3
HNO2
H2O (l)
HCl (g)
chloride chloric acid hydrochloric acid
nitrate nitric acid
nitrite nitrous acid
oxide hydrogen oxide
chloride hydrogenchloride
NOMENCLATURE
The End
