Chương trình mục tiêu quốc gia về Cấp nước nông thôn & Vệ sinh môi trường (2006-2010)

8/6/2019 Chng trnh mc tiu quc gia v Cp nc nng thn & V sinh mi trng (2006-2010)

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CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

c lp - Tdo - Hnh phc

_______________________

CHNG TRNH MC TIU QUC GIANC SCH V V SINH MI TRNG

NNG THN(Giai on 2006 - 2010)

H Ni, 15 thng 9 nm 2005

Dtho


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MC LC

MU.......................................................................................................................4

I. S CN THIT PHI XY DNG CHNG TRNH .............................................6I.1. Kt qu thc hin Chng trnh giai on 1998 - 2005 .................................................. 6

I.2 Nhng kh khn v thch thc........................................................................................... 6

I.3. Scn thit phi tip tc xy dng Chng trnh (giai on 2006 2010) .................. 9

II. MC TIU, PHNG CHM V NGUYN TC....................................................9

II.1. Mc tiu.............................................................................................................................. 9II. 1.1. Mc tiu chung............................................................................................................. 9II.1.2. Mc tiu c th............................................................................................................ 10

II.2. Phng chm ................................................................................................................... 10

II.3. Nguyn tc ........................................................................................................................ 10

III.THI GIAN THC HIN, PHM VI HOT NG V I TNG CACHNG TRNH .......................................................................................................11

III.1. Thi gian thc hin........................................................................................................ 11

III.2. Phm vi thc hin chng trnh................................................................................... 11

III.3. i tng hng th ca chng trnh....................................................................... 11

IV. CC NHIM V CH YU CA CHNG TRNH.............................................11

IV.1. Xy dng cc cng trnh cp nc sch....................................................................... 11

IV.2. Xy dng cc cng trnh nh tiu h gia nh, trng hc v trm y t. ................. 12

IV.3. Xl cht thi lng ngh v cht thi chn nui ........................................................ 13

V. CC GII PHP CH YU THC THI CHNG TRNH..............................14

V.1. Gii php v Thng tin - Gio dc - Truyn thng v tham gia ca cng ng........ 14

V.2. Gii php v Ti chnh .................................................................................................... 19V.2. 1.Kinh ph thc hin ....................................................................................................... 19V.2.2. Phng thc huy ng vn 20V.2.3.Phng thc lp khoch vn ca chng trnh ........................................................ 21


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V.2.4. Gii ngn, thanh quyt ton........................................................................................ 22

V.3. Gii php v cng ngh cp nc sch, cht lng nc v v sinh nng thn ........ 34V.3.1. Gii php v cng ngh cp nc, qun l cc cng trnh cp nc v cht lngnc ....................................................................................................................................... 34V.3.2. Cng ngh nh tiu h gia nh, v sinh trng hc v v sinh cng cng................ 39

V.3.3. Cng ngh xl cht thi lng nghv cht thi chn nui...................................... 41V.3.4.Cng trnh thim ...................................................................................................... 43

V.4. Gii php v Quy hoch v cch qun l k hoch chng trnh............................ 43V.4.1. Quy hoch .................................................................................................................. 43V.4.2. Cchqun l khoch Chng trnh ...................................................................... 43

V.5. o to pht trin ngun nhn lc................................................................................. 45

VI. HIU QU CA CHNG TRNH.......................................................................46

VI.1. Hiu qu v kinh t, x hi v mi trng.................................................................. 46VI.2. Tc ng tch cc ca chng trnh i vi cc chng trnh khc ......................... 47

VII. T CHC QUN L V IU HNH THC HIN CHNG TRNH ..........47

VII.1. T chc qun l v iu hnh...................................................................................... 47

VII.2. Vai tr trch nhim ca cc ngnh, cc cp trong qun l v iu hnh thc hinChng trnh............................................................................................................................ 49

VII.2.1. Cp trung ng: ........................................................................................................ 49

VII.2.2. Cp tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng .......................................................... 50

VII.2.3. Cp huyn................................................................................................................... 51

VII.2.4. Cp x ......................................................................................................................... 51

VIII. GIM ST NH GI TNH HNH THC HIN CHNG TRNH............51

IX. XUT .........................................................................................................54

IX.1. Cc cch chnh sch cn ban hnh p dng cho vic thc hin......................... 54

Chng trnh............................................................................................................................ 54

IX.2. Cc xut khc ............................................................................................................ 56

PH LC: CC BNG THUYT MINH.....................................................................60


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MU

Nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn l mt vn c ngha quan trng

c ng, Nh nc, Chnh phc bit quan tm. Trong nhng nm qua, v tr, vai

tr, ngha v cc mc tiu ca cng tc ny lin tc c cp n trong nhiu

loi hnh vn bn quy phm php lut ca ng, Nh nc v Chnh ph, nh : Ngh

quyt Trung ng VIII, Ngh quyt Trung ng IX, Chin lc ton din v tng

trng v xo i gim ngho, Chin lc quc gia Nc sch v v sinh nng thn

giai on 2000 n 2020

tng nhanh t l dn c nng thn c s dng nc sch v s h gia nh

c nh tiu hp v sinh, thc hin mc tiu ci thin iu kin sng v sc kho ca

ngi dn nng thn, nhm gp phn thc hin cng cuc xo i gim ngho v tng

bc hin i ho nng thn, t nm 1999, Vit Nam trin khai thc hin Chng

trnh mc tiu Quc gia nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn giai on 1999

2005 theo Quyt nh s 237/1998/Q-TTG ngy 03 thng 12 nm 1998 ca Th

tng Chnh ph. Qua gn 7 nm thc hin, vi s tham gia ca nhiu B, ngnh

Trung ng v n lc phn u ca 64 tnh, thnh ph trong c nc, n nay cc mc

tiu chnh ca Chng trnh ra u cbn hon thnh. Nhng thnh qut c

cng nh nhng mt tn ti c khng nh ti Hi ngh tng kt Chng trnh

mc tiu Quc gia nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn giai on 1999 2005 tchc vo ngy 17 thng 7 nm 2005 ti H Ni; Ngoi ra cn c cp n trong

Bo co nh gi 5 nm thc hin Chng trnh Mc tiu Quc gia ca B Nng

nghip v Pht trin Nng thn, Bo co ca on nh gi phi hp Chnh ph v cc

nh ti tr.

pht huy nhng thnh qut c ca Chng trnh Mc tiu Quc gia

NS&VSMTNT giai on 1999 2005 v gii quyt nhng kh khn cn tn ti, gp

phn hon thnh cc mc tiu ra cho giai on pht trin kinh t x hi giai on

2006 2010, trn cskt lun Hi ngh tng kt Chng trnh ngy 17 thng 7 nm

2005, B Nng nghip v PTNT c Ttrnh trnh Th tng Chnh ph giao cho B

xy dng Chng trnh mc tiu Quc gia nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn

giai on 2006 2010 (Ttrnh s 1829 ngy 29 thng 7 nm 2005).

Ni dung ca Chng trnh c phn nh chi tit trong bo co gm cc phn

chnh sau :


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I. S cn thit phi xy dng Chng trnh mc tiu Quc giaNS&VSMTNT giai on 2006 2010

II. Mc tiu, phng chm, nguyn tc ca Chng trnh

III. Thi gian thc hin, phm vi hot ng v i tng ca Chng trnh

IV. Cc nhim v ch yu ca Chng trnh

V. Cc gii php thc hin Chng trnh

VI. Hiu qu ca Chng trnh

VII. T chc qun l v iu hnh thc hin Chng trnh

VIII. xut

IX. Gim st nh gi tnh hnh thc hin Chng trnh

Cc s minh ho Cc Ph lc


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I. SCN THIT PHI XY DNG CHNG TRNH MTQG NCSCH V V SINH MI TRNG NNG THN GIAI ON 2006 - 2010

I.1. Kt qu thc hin Chng trnh giai on 1998 - 2005

Tnh n cui nm 2005, trn a bn c nc c khong 62% s dn nng

thn c cp nc sinh hot; khong 50% s h gia nh c nh tiu hp v sinh;nhiu chung tri chn nui c ci to v xy mi m bo qun l cht thi; khong

70% tng s trng hc, nh tr, lp mu gio, 58% tng s trm x x, 17% tng s

chkhu vc nng thn c cung cp nc sinh hot v c cng trnh v sinh tiu

chun; 28 n bin phng cng vi hn 8 vn dn vng ln cn c cung cp nc

sinh hot. Kt qu ny gp phn quan trng vo vic pht trin csh tng nng

thn, ci thin cnh quan v v sinh mi trng, ci thin iu kin sng, iu kin sinh

hot v nng cao sc kho cho nhn dn.

Cng vi kt qu, trn phm vi c nc cbn hon thnh quy hoch tng

th nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng theo tng vng, tng tnh; Nhiu loi hnh

cng ngh trong cp nc v v sinh c xc nh v ng dng ph hp vi iu

kin t nhin, kinh t - x hi, c im dn c, tp qun v truyn thng s dng nc

sinh hot ca tng a phng.

Tnh n nay, b my qun l thc hin cng tc cp nc sch v v sinh mitrng nng thn t Trung ng n cp c s c hnh thnh. Nhiu vn bn

chnh sch, ti liu hng dn v qun l, cng ngh k thut... c xy dng v

ban hnh. Nhn thc ca chnh quyn cc cp v nhn dn v vic s dng nc sch

v v sinh mi trng c nng cao mt bc. Bn cnh , chng trnh hnh

thnh c mt s m hnh huy ng vn u t c hiu qu, bao gm cc ngun vn

t ngn sch Nh nc, vn tn dng, vn t cc thnh phn kinh t, vn h trca

quc t v vn ng gp ca nhn dn.

I.2 Nhng kh khn v thch thcTuy t c nhng kt qu quan trng trn y nhng thc t vic cp nc

sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn nc ta vn cn kh nhiu kh khn v thch

thc, l:


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1. Cht lng nc v cht lng xy dng cc cng trnh cp nc nhn chung

cn thp, cha t cc yu cu t ra. n nay vn cn 38% dn s nng thn cha

c tip cn vi nc sinh hot hp v sinh. Trong s62% dn s nng thn c s

dng nc hp v sinh th ch c cha n 30% c tip cn vi ngun nc sch t

tiu chun ngnh ca B Y t. Nhiu vng ang din ra tnh trng nhim ngun ncdo s xm nhp mn, do cht thi chn nui, cht thi lng ngh, ho cht s dng

trong nng nghip ngy cng nghim trng, nh hng ln n sinh hot, sc kho

ca nhn dn. Bn cnh , nhiu khu vc cc vng ng bng pht hin hm

lng Asen c trong nc ngm kh cao so vi tiu chun cho php ang l mt trong

nhng thch thc ln i vi cng ngh x l v ngun lc u t.

2. Tnh ng u trong vic cp nc sch cc vng, min cn nhiu hn ch.

Trong khi 3 vng sinh thi c s dn c nng thn c cp nc sinh hot trn60%, th 4/7 vng cn li ch c cha n 50% s dn c cp nc sinh hot ;

nhiu vng nh: min ni, vng ven bin, vng kh khn v ngun nc, ngi dn

chc s dng bnh qun di 20 lt/ ngi/ ngy. Nhiu ni tnh trng khan him

nc din ra t 5 n 6 thng trong nm nh Nam Trung B, Ty Nguyn...

3. Tnh bn vng ca cc thnh qu t c v cp nc cha cao. S lng

v cht lng nc cung cp nhiu ni hin ang b gim st, vic gim st v kim

tra cht lng nc cha ng quy nh c bit l i vi cc cng trnh cp nc

nh l. Qun l bn vng cng trnh cp nc tp trung sau xy dng cn yu, hu ht

do kinh ph cha m bo duy tr qun l, khai thc, tu sa dn n cng trnh b

xung cp, thm ch khng tip tc hot ng c. Mt s cng trnh do t nhn hoc

HTX nc sch u t v qun l tuy c kh hn nhng cng chm bo ti sn xut

n gin.

4. Phng php, cng ngh x l rc thi, nc thi tp trung nng thn, c

bit l vng lng nghang l vn bc xc, cha c gii php hu hiu. Chng

trnh Mc tiu Quc gia giai on 1999 2005 mi ch tp trung vic gii quyt ncsinh hot cho ngi dn m cha quan tm y n v sinh mi trng, x l nc

thi, x l rc thi, cht thi chung tri chn nui v x l cht thi lng ngh do

y ang l vn cn trs pht trin ca cc lng ngh v pht trin chn nui

nng thn.


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5. Mc d c nhiu tin b, tuy nhin, vn v sinh nng thn vn cha

c ch trng nhi vi cp nc. Tnh n nay, c nc vn cn 50% s h gia

nh cha c nh tiu hp v sinh v ang phi s dng cc loi nh tiu khng hp v

sinh nh nh tiu cu, nh tiu o, nh tiu ao c...hin l nguy ccao gy nhim bn

cc ngun nc mt phc v cho sinh hot ca cng ng. Trong khi , nhn thc cacc cp chnh quyn v ngi dn vn cn lch lc, coi trng vn cp nc hn v

sinh, coi trng vic xy dng mi hn l pht huy hiu qu nhng cng trnh hin c.

6. Tng vn u t huy ng ca chng trnh cha p ng c nhu cu, c

cu phn b vn u t cha hp l. Mc d Chng trnh vn c u tin phn b

vn nm sau cao hn nm trc nhng tng ngn sch nh nc cp cn rt khim tn

so vi nhu cu ra (ch bng 22% tng ton b ngun vn huy ng c). Ngn

sch nh nc ch yu tp trung h trcho cc vng kh khn, cc h gia nh chnhsch, cc h ngho, vng su, vng xa, vng dn tc t ngi v ch yu l cho xy

dng mi cc cng trnh, t u t cho truyn thng v o to nng cao nng lc.

7. Th trng nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn cha hnh thnh r

rng, cc chnh sch khuyn khch u t v cch tn dng hin c cha thu ht c

s tham gia ca cc thnh phn kinh t trong x hi, c bit l khu vc t nhn.

8. Theo bo co thng k cc bnh truyn nhim nm 2003 ca Cc Y t d

phng v Phng chng HIV/AIDS B Y t, 10/26 bnh truyn nhim gy dch cgim st c t l mc trn 100.000 dn cao nht theo th t l cm, tiu chy, st rt,

st xut huyt, l trc khun, quai b, l amib, HIV/AIDS, vim gan virus, thuu...

Nh vy, khong mt na cc bnh truyn nhim c t l mc cao nht l nhng bnh

c lin quan ti nc sch v VSMT. iu ny cho thy cn phi tp trung hn na cho

vic ci thin cc iu kin cp nc v v sinh nh l mt trong cc gii php ng b

nhm tng bc khng ch v gim t l mc ca cc bnh dch ny.

9. Cc cng trnh cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng trong cc trng hc,trm y t v cc cscng cng khc nng thn mc d c quan tm nhng kt

qut c vn cn kh khim tn so vi nhu cu thc t. Nhiu trng hc cn thiu

cc cng trnh cp nc v v sinh hoc c nhng khng p ng c nhu cu; thm

na, nhiu cscng cng ang c xy dng mi nhng khng c hng mc xy

dng cng trnh cp nc v v sinh.


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I.3. Scn thit phi tip tc xy dng Chng trnh (giai on 2006 2010)

Vic tip tc thc hin Chng trnh giai on 2006 - 2010 l rt cn thit thc

hin cc mc tiu v nhim v ca Chin lc Quc gia NS&VSNT c Th

tng Chnh ph ph duyt ti Quyt nh s 104/Q-TTg , ngy 25 thng 8 nm

2000 , gp phn thc hin mc tiu thin nin k (MDGs) v mc tiu pht trin

ca Vit Nam (VDGs) n 2010, ng thi gp phn thc hin thnh cng Chin

lc ton din v tng trng v xo i gim ngho (CPRGS) ca Vit Nam.

Bn cnh , Chng trnh MTQG NS&VSMTNT giai on 1998 2005 thu

c nhiu thnh cng ng khch l, nhiu ni dung ang trn thc hin thnh

cng. pht huy hiu qu ca Chng trnh v gii quyt mc tiu Chin lc

n 2010 nh cam kt ca Chnh ph vi nhn dn v quc t, vic trin khaiChng trnh mc tiu thm mt giai on na l cn thit v h p l, c s

ng tnh ca nhiu B, ngnh v cc a phng.

Nh cp trn, mc d t c nhiu kt qu song hin ti cp nc

v v sinh nng thn vn cn rt nhiu vn kh khn, thch thc cn c

tip tc gii quyt bi khng ch mt B, ngnh. Hn na, hin nay nhiu t

chc quc tang c nhng cam kt h tr cho Chng trnh ny, nu c

Chnh ph cho php s c chi v iu kin huy ng thm c nhiu ngun

vn quc t t hp tc song phng v a phng.

II. MC TIU, PHNG CHM V NGUYN TC

II.1. Mc tiuII. 1.1. Mc tiu chung

1. Nng cao iu kin sng cho ngi dn nng thn thng qua ci thin cc dch

v cp nc sch, v sinh; nng cao nhn thc v thay i hnh vi ca cng

ng v bo v mi trng, v sinh v v sinh c nhn.

2. Gim tc ng xu do iu kin cp nc v v sinh km gy ra i vi sc

kho ca dn c nng thn v gim thiu tnh trng nhim mi trng trong

cng ng.


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II.1.2. Mc tiu c th

Chng trnh nhm t c cc mc tiu c thn nm 2010 nh sau:

a. Vcp nc:

85% dn s nng thn c s dng nc sch vi mc 60lt/ngi/ngy.

b. Vv sinh mi trng:

70% s h gia nh sng nng thn c nh tiu hp v sinh,

m bo 70% s h nng dn c chung, tri hp v sinh,

c. C gng tp trung n 2010 tt c cc nh tr, trng tiu hc, trng mm

non, trm x, tr sx nng thn c nc sch v c nh tiu hp v sinh ;tng bc gim thiu s nhim mi trng cc lng ngh, c bit l cc lng ngh

ch bin lng thc, thc phm quy m thn, x.

II.2. Phng chm

Pht huy ni lc ca dn c nng thn, da vo nhu cu, ngi s dng quyt

nh m hnh cp nc sch v v sinh nng thn ph hp vi kh nng cung cp ti

chnh ca mnh, t t chc thc hin v qun l cng trnh; nh nc ng vai tr

hng dn v h tr. Hon thin cc cch, chnh sch pht trin th trng nc

sch v dch v v sinh mi trng nng thn theo nh hng ca Nh nc.

y mnh x hi ho cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn: vn ng

v t chc, to csphp l huy ng s tham gia ng gp tch cc v nhiu mt

ca mi thnh phn kinh t v cng ng dn c trong u t vn, thi cng xy lp, sn

xut thit b ph tng, cc dch v sa cha v qun l vn hnh; Khuyn khch khu

vc t nhn u t xy dng cng trnh cp nc sch v v sinh nng thn, nht l

cng trnh cp nc tp trung.II.3. Nguyn tc

Nguyn tc cbn l pht trin bn vng, gn lin vi Chin lc ton din v

tng trng v xo i gim ngho ca Chnh ph nhm t c s tng trng bn

vng v cng bng, ci thin mi trng x hi v iu kin sng ca dn c nng

thn, nht l ngi ngho, vng ngho.


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III.THI GIAN THC HIN, PHM VI HOT NG V I TNG

CA CHNG TRNH

III.1. Thi gian thc hin

Chng trnh c thc hin t nm 2006 n ht nm 2010 v chia lm 2 giai

on: Giai on 1: T nm 2006 n ht nm 2007

Giai on 2 : T nm 2008 n ht nm 2010

Sau giai on 1 c t chc skt nh gi rt ra nhng bi hc kinh nghim v

iu chnh cn thit cho giai on 2.

Kt thc giai on 2 s t chc hi ngh tng kt nhm nh gi li ton b

chng trnh, rt ra nhng bi hc kinh nghim cho vic thc hin cc mc tiu n

nm 2020.

III.2. Phm vi thc hin chng trnh

Chng trnh thc hin trn phm vi ton b cc vng nng thn Vit Nam.

Trong u tin cho nhng vng cn kit ngun nc, vng su, vng xa, vng kinh

t kh khn, cc vng c t l dn cc cp nc sch v v sinh tnh n nm

2005 thp hn 60%, vng ven bin, vng ng bo dn tc thiu s, vng pht trin

mnh lng ngh.

III.3. i tng hng th ca chng trnh

i tng hng th ca Chng trnh l c dn tt c cc vng nng thntrn ton quc.

IV. CC NHIM V CH YU CA CHNG TRNH

IV.1. Xy dng cc cng trnh cp nc sch v kt hp vi cc hot ng

Thng tin Gio dc - Truyn thng v nc sch.

m bo c cng trnh cung cp nc sch cho 85% dn s nng thn vo

cui nm 2010, tng thm 23% (tng ng khong 15 triu ngi) so vi

nm 2005.

Nng cao nhn thc v thay i hnh vi ca ngi dn i vi vic xy dng v

s dng cc cng trnh cp nc sch.


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Khi lng cng trnh cp nc sch d tnh cn xy dng mi, nng cp, ci to

l: 159.200

cng trnh

Trong :

o Nng cp ci to cng trnh cp nc t p trung: 4300 cng trnh

o Xy mi cng trnh cp nc t p trung: 4900 cng trnh

o H cha va v nh, ging khoan su: 2700 cng trnh

o Cng trnh cp nc nh l (lu, b, ging o, ging khoan ng knh

nh..): 147.300 cng trnh

IV.2. Xy dng cc cng trnh nh tiu h gia nh, trng hc v trm y t

kt h

p v

i vi

c tri

n khai cc ho

t

ng Thng tin Gio d

c - Truyn thng v

v

sinh v v sinh c nhn.

Cs tnh ton s lng nh tiu h gia nh cn xy dng trong giai on

2006 - 2010 trong bo co ny l da trn s liu c cng b chnh thc ca Bo

co tng kt Chng trnh mc tiu Quc gia nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng

thn giai on 1999 2005 l c 50% s h gia nh nng thn c nh tiu hp v

sinh. Tuy nhin trong qu trnh thc hin Chng trnh giai on 2006 2010 s tin

hnh nh gi li t l s gia nh c nh tiu hp v sinh theo tiu chun B Y t mi

ban hnh ti Quyt nh s 08/2005/Q-BYT thng nht s liu v nu cn th phi

iu chnh li mc tiu hoc ngun lc cho ph hp.

S lng cc cng trnh nh tiu hp v sinh d tnh cn xy dng trong giai

on 2006 2010 nh sau:

Tng s nh tiu hp v sinh h gia nh : 2.601.000 ci.

Trm y t: 4167 ci

Trng hc: 20.643 trng.

UBND x: 2794 ci

Chnng thn: 2473 ci


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Song song vi vic xy dng cc cng trnh v sinh, cn tng cng cc hot

ng Thng tin Gio dc - Truyn thng nhm nng cao nhn thc v thay

i hnh vi ca ngi dn i vi cc cng trnh v sinh v vic s dng cc

cng trnh v sinh cng nh thc hnh cc hnh vi v sinh tt.

IV.3. Xl cht thi lng ngh v cht thi chn nui

IV.3.1. Vxl cht thi chn nui

Hin ti nng thn Vit Nam c khong 8,5 triu h c chn nui vi 5 triu

con b; 2,8 triu tru; 26 triu con ln; 220 triu gia cm. Ring v nui ln t 1 - 5

con chim 50%. S h nui 6 - 10 con chim 20%, s h nui t 11 con trln chim

30%. 1600 trang tri nui b.

S liu chn nui ln theo vng nh sau:

+ ng bng Sng Hng 6,9 triu con.

+ ng Bc 4,3 triu con.

+ Ty Bc 1,3 triu con.

+ Trung B 3,8 triu con.

+ Duy hi min Trung 2,2 triu con.

+ Ty Nguyn 1,4 triu con.

+ ng Nam B 2,4 triu con.

+ ng Bng sng Cu Long 3,7 triu con.

Chn nui pht trin song phng thc chn nui lc hu, c bit nhng h

nui quy m nh v va cha quan tm n x l cht thi lm cho mi trng

nng thn vn nhim cng nhim hn.

Trong giai on thc hin Chng trnh quc gia giai on 1999 2003, vic x

l cht thi chn nui v cht thi lng ngh cha c quan tm y , do nhng

kt qut c n nay l rt khim tn. gii quyt vn ny trong giai on

2006 2010 cn phi thc hin nhiu gii php ng b, trong c vic tng vn ut t tt c cc ngun xy dng s lng cng trnh nh sau:

Tng s chung tri c ci to, xy mi: khong 5 triu ci.

Trong :

- Biogas: 1.000.000 ci


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- Chung xy mi: 600.000ci

- Chung ci to: 2.400.000 ci

- H phn: 1.000.000 ci

IV.3.2. Vxl cht thi lng ngh

Theo s liu thng k trong nghin cu quy hoch pht trin lng ngh th cng

c nc c khong 2017 lng ngh. Cc cht thi lng ngh khng c x l thi ra

mi trng tim n cc yu t gy bnh va l mi trng thun li cho cc vi

khun gy bnh cho con ngi v vt nui pht trin, mt khc cc cht thi trn phn

hu t nhin to ra cc loi kh c, mi hi thi...

Do sa dng v cc loi hnh lng ngh do x l cht thi i hi rt

nhiu loi hnh cng ngh khc nhau. Trong phm vi chng trnh ny ch tp trung

xy dng mt s m hnh th im x l cht thi cho cc lng ngh ch bin thc

phm, lng ngh dt th cng v lng ngh giy sau snh gi, ph bin nhn

rng.

V. CC GII PHP CH YU THC THI CHNG TRNH

V.1. Gii php v Thng tin - Gio dc - Truyn thng v tham gia ca cngng

Thng tin - Gio dc - Truyn thng c tm quan trng c bit nhm m bo

thc hin thnh cng cc mc tiu ca chng trnh. Trong thi gian qua, cng tc

Thng tin _ Gio dc - Truyn thng c quan tm, tuy nhin vic trin khai li rt

khng ng u. Nhng ni thuc khu vc d n ca cc nh ti trth c nhn rt

nhiu cc hot ng TT- GD TT, trong khi cc vng khc th c nhn rt t hoc

hu nh khng nhn c bt k hot ng no. Do cn c s quan tm hn na

n cng tc ny nng cao hiu qu hot ng ca Thng tin Gio dc - Truyn

thng.

a. Mc tiu ca Thng tin- Gio dc- Truyn thng:

Tng nhu cu dng nc sch v nh tiu hp v sinh i vi ngi dn nng

thn.

Cung cp nhng thng tin cn thit ngi dn c th t la chn loi cng

ngh cp nc v nh tiu ph hp


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Nng cao hiu bit ca ngi dn v v sinh v mi lin quan gia nc sch, v

sinh vi sc kho.

Khuyn khch ngi dn thc hnh cc hnh vi tt c lin quan n v sinh c

nhn, v sinh cng cng v mi trng.

Khuyn khch ngi dn t nguyn ng gp ti chnh xy dng cng trnhcp nc sch v nh tiu hp v sinh.

b. Ni dung ca Thng tin- Gio dc - Truyn thng:

Cc thng tin v sc kho v v sinh;

Thng tin v cc loi cng trnh cp nc sch v v sinh khc nhau, cch gim

st xy dng, vn hnh v duy tu bo dng cng trnh;

Thng tin v cc h thng h trti chnh, hng dn cc th tc xin trcp,

vay vn;

Cch thc t chc qun l cc h thng cp nc tp trung;

Cc chnh sch c lin quan n cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng.

Cc iu kin v th tc lm n xin vay vn v trcp cho vic ci thin cc

cng trnh CN&VS.

Thnh lp hi s dng nc trong cng tc xy dng v qun l cng trnh cp

nc tp trung.

Ph bin cc m hnh tt v in hnh tin tin v cp nc sch v v sinh mi

trng nng thn.

c. Cc nguyn tc v hotng chnh

Lng ghp nhiu phng php

S dng phng tin truyn thng ph hp c ngha rt quan trng, c bit l

gip cho cc nh lnh o c bit v cc vn CN&VSNTv khuyn khch hu

tin cho lnh vc CN&VSNT. Kinh nghim cho thy, cc hot ng Thng tin - Gio

dc - Truyn thng cn phi tin hnh thng xuyn, lin tc v bng nhiu hnh thc,

phng php khc nhau. Bao gm: Truyn thng trc tip thng qua cc tuyn truyn

vin co nc v v sinh thn bn, cn b y t thn v cc ban, ngnh, on th chnh

tr x hi x; Phn pht ti liu, thng th vo lc truyn thng trc tip; Cc s kin


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c bit nh cc ngy pht ng, biu din ca nhc, thi, ng kch; S dng truyn

thng i chng, bao gm cc chng trnh Ti Vi v Radio, loa phng thanh thn, cc

bi bo, tp ch.

Truyn thng trc tip ti cp thn, bn: ng vai tr quan trng trong cng tc

Thng tin Gio dc - Truyn thng. V th, cn thit lp i ng tuyn truyn vin v

nc sch v v sinh ti cc thn bn, ng thi tp trung tp hun cho h cc ni dung

cng nh k nng truyn thng nhm gip h thc hin tt cng tc tuyn truyn, vn

ng ti cng ng. Nn b sung cho truyn thng trc ti p thm cc phng tin

truyn thng khc, k c thng qua cc s kin c bit nh cc bui din ca nhc, cc

cuc thi, ng kch. Nn tp trung khng nhng nng cao dn tr/ thc ca ngi dn

m cn ch trng vo vic ci thin hnh vi. Vic s dng cc phng php c s tham

gia c bit l rt quan trng trong vic ci thin cp nc v hnh vi v sinh.

Cc n phm: Pht trin ti liu truyn thng cho cc i tng khc nhau ph

hp vi cc gi tr, thi , nim tin, li sng, trnh hc vn, la tuiCn u tin

cung cp cho cc tuyn truyn vin tuyn csy thng tin v cc ti liu thch

hp vi cht lng tt, dung lu di. Nn c nhiu sn phm nghe nhn cho tr em hay

nhn dn cc vng c trnh dn tr thp.Truyn thng i chng: Cc phng tin thng tin a chng nh Bo, i, Tivi

nn c ch trng s dng ti cp quc gia. ng thi c k hoch h tr, o to

nng cao nhn thc ca i ng phng vin vit v lnh vc nc sch v v sinh mi

trng.

Tip th x hi: thc y nhu cu xy dng v s dng nh tiu hp v sinh,

thc hnh cc hnh vi v sinh c bit l hnh vi ra tay bng x phng v nc sch.

Lng ghp cc ni dung, tp trung vo truyn thng thay i hnh vi.Nguyn tc lng ghp to iu kin cho ngi dn cng mt lc c th tip cn

c vi nhiu loi thng tin m h cn, trn cs gip ha ra c quyt nh

hp l nht. Hot ng Thng tin Gio dc - Truyn thng phi c lng ghp cht

ch vo cc hot ng lin quan ti ti chnh, k thut v th ch. Bn cnh , cn tp

trung t chc cc hot ng nhm thay i hnh vi ca ngi dn i vi vic s dng


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nc sch, bo v mi trng, ngun nc, gi gn v sinh cng cng v v sinh c

nhn.

Mrng gio dc sc kho di hnh thc gii tr cho tr em.

Trng tm ca vic gio dc sc kho cho tr em l t chc cc hot ng x hihay ngoi kho nh thi vit, v, sng tc, k chuyn, biu din vn ngh, tr

chitrong cc chin dch truyn thng hng nm hay trong cc hot ng ngoi kho

thng xuyn. Gio vin cn c o to v khuyn khch s dng phng php gio

dc tch cc ly hc vin lm trung tm, ng thi s dng ti liu nghe nhn h tr.

Xem xt s khc bit v tp trung vo cc khu vc kh khn.

Nhng c th v tp qun, truyn thng, vn ho, iu kin kinh t - x hi,trnh dn tr, tn gio, gii tnh cn phi c xt n khi lp k hoch v thc thi

cc hot ng Thng tin - Gio dc - Truyn thng.c bit llu n ngi ngho,

ngi dn tc thiu s, ph n, tr em v h thng t c tip cn vi cc ngun

thng tin.

S tham gia ca nhiu ngnh vo cng tc Thng tin- Gio dc - Truyn

thng

Kinh nghim ch ra rng, lm cho cc hot ng IEC hiu qu th s tham gia

ca cc ngnh, cc cp khc nhau ng vai tr rt quan trng. Do , hot ng Thng

tin Gio dc - Truyn thng s c s tham gia ca cc B v cc ngnh ch cht sau:

Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn, Y t, Gio dc v o to, Hi ph n, on

Thanh nin, Hi Nng dn, U ban Dn tc v Min ni, cc cquan thng tin i

chng trung ng v a phng. Tuy nhin, m bo c s tham gia tch cc

ca cc ban, ngnh v tng cng s phi h p cht ch trong vic lp k hoch, t

chc thc hin thng nht trong cc thng ip, trnh s chng cho, lng ph v

ngun lc cn thit lp cc nhm cng tc v Thng tin Gio dc - Truyn thng ticc cp. Cquan thng trc Chng trnh cc cp sng thi ng vai tr l iu

phi nhm Thng tin - Gio dc - Truyn thng cp mnh.

Nh nc khuyn khch cc t chc quc t, cc t chc Phi chnh ph v cc

thnh phn kinh t tham gia thc hin cc hot ng Thng tin _ Gio dc - Truyn

thng v nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn.


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Cng tc Thng tin- Gio dc - Truyn thng phi c thc hin tt c cc cp

Nhm huy ng s hng ng v tham gia ca cc i tng khc nhau nh:

cn b qun l, cn b lp k hoch, k thut, ngi s dng

m bo ngun lc thc hin

Trong thi gian qua, vic u t cho hot ng TT-GD-TT cn rt hn ch, mc

u t cho TT-GD-TT bng ngun ngn sch ch chim cha n 3%. Tuy nhin, bo

co tng kt thc hin Chng trnh ca cc i phng cho thy nhlm tt cng tc

TT-GD-TT nn mc huy ng ng gp ca nhn dn cho cc cng trnh cp nc v

v sinh tng mt cch r rt. Hn na hot ng TT-GD-TT khng th th trng

iu tit m phi c snh hng v iu phi ca nh nc. Do , cn b tr nhn lc v kinh ph cho hot ng ny.

d. Stham gia ca cngng

S tham gia ca cng ng chnh l diu kin tin quyt thc hin Chng

trnh mt cch hiu qu v bn vng Chng trnh. V vy, cng ng phi c tham

gia thch ng vo tt c cc giai on ca chu trnh d n, t vic xc nh u t, la

chn k thut, ng gp v mt ti chnh v cc loi hnh ng gp khc, gim st xy

dng v qun l cng trnh sau xy dng.

Cng ng phi pht huy quyn lm ch v hiu r rng vic ci thin iu kin

cp nc v v sinh cng nh cng tc duy tu bo tr cng trnh l trch nhim ca

cng ng.

Vic thc hin Chng trnh phi gn lin vi vic thc hin quy ch Dn ch

cs, khuyn khch t chc nhng cuc hp thn/ bn xc nh nhng u tin ca

a phng v quyt nh cc vn c lin quan n nc sch v v sinh mi

trng.

m bo c s cn bng v gii ph nc tham gia vo vic ra quyt nh

v tt c cc kha cnh ca cp nc, v sinhNh nc khuyn khch ph n chim

mt na trong cc ban, nhm s dng nc hoc qun l cp nc v v sinh.

Cquan c giao qun l Chng trnh cn lp mt chng trnh khen thng

khuyn khch cc a phng, cng ng lm tt cng tc cp nc v v sinh,

khuyn khch cc a phng lm ch vu t cp nc v v sinh nng thn.


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V.2. Gii php v Ti chnh

Trong nhng nm qua mc d thu c nhiu kt qu quan trng trong vic

thu ht cc ngun vn u t, song mc huy ng vn thc hin chng trnh cn

thp, tng s vn huy ng c trong giai on 1999 2005 cht 40% so vi d

kin nhu cu. Ngoi ra ccu huy ng vn cn cha tht s hp l, ccu phn b

vn u t cha ph hp vi thc t nhu cu u t cho tng vng; cch giao kinh

ph cho tng mc tiu, nhim v ca chng trnh cha c th, nh mc ch chi

tiu cha hp l, nhiu mc chi cn thp, vic phn cp qun l ti chnh cn cha r

rng; cch tip cn mc tiu ca chng trnh tp trung nhiu vo cc hot ng xy

dng m cha xc nh v h trti chnh cho cc hot ng khc c cp trong

chin lc. Chnh v th, trong giai on 2006 2010 cn thit phi i mi cch tichnh, bao gm c cch huy ng, qun l v u t trn cspht huy nhng bi

hc kinh nghim thu c t giai on 1999 2005 v khc phc nhng tn ti,

yu km nu trn y.

V.2. 1.Kinh ph thc hin

Tng kinh ph: 22.600.000 triu ng, trong :

+ Vn u t xy dng, ci to, nng cp cc cng trnh cp nc: 9.000.000

triu ng, khong 40%;

+ Vn u t xy dng, ci to, nng cp cc cng trnh v sinh nng thn:

4.800.000 triu ng, khong 21%;

+ Vn u t cho ci to, xy dng cng trnh x l cht thi chn nui:

6.800.000 triu ng, khong 30%;

+ Cc chi ph chung bao gm: kho st, quy hoch, truyn thng, o to

pht trin ngun nhn lc, chuyn giao cng ngh, qun l v gim st 2.000.000

triu ng, khong 8,9%.

Ccu ngun kinh ph u t cho Chng trnh nh sau:

- Ngn sch TW: 4.500.000 triu ng, khong 20%

-Ngn sch a phng: 2.300.000 triu ng, khong 10%

- Quc t: 3.400.000 triu ng, khong 15%

- Dn ng gp: 6.800.000 triu ng, khong 30%

- Tn dng u i: 5.600.000 triu ng, khong 25%


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V.2.2. Phng thc huy ng vn- i mi gii php huy ng ngun ti chnh ca cng ng, ly x hi ho

ngun lc ti chnh lm trng tm: vn ng v t chc, to csphp l khuyn

khch s tham gia ca nhn dn, ca cc thnh phn kinh t v ton x hi u t vo s

pht trin cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn; pht huy ni lc, ngi sdng ng gp mt phn chi ph xy dng cng trnh v ton b chi ph vn hnh, duy

tu bo dng v qun l cng trnh; vn ng cc nh ti tr thu ht thm vn cho

chng trnh.

- M rng th trng nc sch v v sinh thng qua vn vay u i ca nh

nc v quc tu t cho cc vng kinh t pht trin ng bng, gim dn vn

ngn sch cho cc vng ny tp trung u tin cho cc vng min ni, vng kh khn

v cc vng thng xuyn b thin tai.

Vn ngn sch nh nc:

Mc d c s tng ln ng k nhng vn ngn sch nh nc u t cho

Chng trnh NS&VSMTNT trong thi gian qua cn rt t so vi yu cu, do nh

nc cn tip tc tng thm vn cho cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn

mt cch thong trong giai on 2006-2010 tng xng vi v tr ca nng thn

trong chin lc pht trin kinh t x hi ca t nc.

Vn ngn sch nh nc cn thit c s lng ghp phi hp vi cc d n khc

ca chng trnh MTQG ngay t khi thm nh v trnh duyt.

Vn ca dn v vn ca cc doanh nghp, cc thnh phn kinh tkhc

y mnh cc hot ng tuyn truyn, vn ng huy ngcc h gia nh

ng gp mt phn thu nhp ca mnh u t cho cng trnh cp nc v v sinh di

cc hnh thc xy ring cho tng h, cho nhm h hay xy dng h thng cp nc tp

trung cho c thn, x. Ngi s dng dng khon tit kim t thu nhp ca mnh chi

tr mt phn chi ph xy dng, t nht l 25-30% v c vay t 70-75% chi ph xydng cc cng trnh trong thi hn t 3 n 5 nm.

Vn u t ca cc doanh nghip, cc thnh phn kinh t khc, ca t nhn s

c ch trng huy ng thc hin Chng trnh thng qua vic xy dng v hon

thin cc chnh sch ng vin ng gp t cc nh u t, cc doanh nghip, cc t

chc x hi, khi dy ngun vn t ni lc ca nn kinh t; khuyn khch tham gia ca

khu vc t nhn v cc thnh phn kinh t khc u t xy dng cng trnh cp nc


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tp trung thng qua cc chnh sch u i nh chnh sch vt ai, gim thu, min

thu, vay tn dng u i

Vic pht huy ni lc, khi dy cc tim nng, khuyn khch v thu ht s tham

gia ca khu vc t nhn, cc doanh nghp, t chc x hi v nhn dn pht trin cp

nc v v sinh mi trng nng thn ng thi gn lin vi vic tng cng qun lnh nc i vi cp nc v v sinh mi trng nng thn.

Vn vay tn dngu i

D kin ngun vn tn dng cho chng trnh l 5649 tng. t c k

hoch ny, cn tng thm ngun vn cho tn dng, ng thi mrng Qu tn dng u

i thc hin Chng trnh v Chin lc cp nc v v sinh nng thn ca Chnh

ph theo Quyt nh s 62Q-TTg 2004 ra tt c cc tnh trong ton quc.

Vn vin trquc t

Ngun vn vin trquc t cn huy ng l 3400 tng. Ngun vn ny c

huy ng thng qua cc hnh thc hp tc a phng, song phng, vn ti trkhng

hon li, vn vay tn dng, k c vn u t kinh doanh cng trnh cp nc ca cc cng

ty t nhn, cng ty lin doanh

H trti chnh ca quc t cho cc cng trnh cp nc v v sinh mi trng theo

cc hnh thc: ng gp chung cho qu trcp v qu tn dng, trcp cho cc d n hoc

mt khu vc.

Vn vin trquc t cho chng trnh phi c k hoch ho ngay t khu thmnh, ph duyt v th hin trong k hoch hng nm.

Ngun vn h trca cc nh ti trd kin gm: Ngn hng th gii (WB):

730 tng; Ngn hng pht trin Chu (ADB): 300 tng; UNICEf: 491 tng;

DANIDA v AusAID 1500 tng; JICA: 330 tng

Hp tc quc t cn c thc hin nhiu lnh vc nh: hp tc k thut, vin

trxy dng cng trnh bng ngun vn vay v vn khng hon li, nng cao nng lc,

th ch, h trtheo d n, h trcho h ngho, vng nghoV.2.3.Phng thc lp khoch vn ca chng trnh

- Tt c k hoch vn c thng bo cho Ban ch nhim chng trnh ngay t

u nm, c phn b r thnh cu phn vn s nghip v cu phn vn u t XDCB.

- Ban ch nhim chng trnh quyt nh phn b vn theo cc mc tiu cng

vic ca chng trnh cho cc B, ban ngnh trung ng v a phng.


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+ i vi cc B, cquan trung ng: Cn c vo kinh ph chng trnh c

Th tng Chnh ph giao, cc B, cquan trung ng phn b giao nhim v cho cc

n v trc thuc ph hp vi mc tiu, ni dung ca chng trnh gi B Ti chnh

theo quy nh lm cn c cp pht kinh ph.

+ i vi cc a phng: Cn c tng kinh ph ca tt c cc chng trnhMTQG c Chnh ph giao cho a phng, UBND cc tnh, thnh ph trc thuc

trung ng c trch nhm chng lng ghp cc chng trnh mc tiu trn a bn,

b tr mc kinh ph cho chng trnh MTQG NS&VSMTNT trn a bn tnh, thnh

ph.

- B Nng nghip v Pht trin Nng thn (cquan qun l chng trnh) c

trch nhim lp k hoch v nhim v, mc tiu v nhu cu kinh ph, xut cc gii

php thc hin chng trnh gi B K hach v u t, B ti chnh tng hp

trnh Chnh ph. Cn c tng mc kinh ph ca chng trnh c cp c thm quyn

thng bo, cquan qun l chng trnh ch tr phi hp vi B K hoch v u t,

B Ti chnh d kin phn b kinh ph ca chng trnh cho cc B, cquan trung

ng v cc tnh, thnh ph trnh Th tng Chnh ph quyt nh.

V.2.4. Gii ngn, thanh quyt ton i vi vn vin tr, vn ngn sch nhnc, vn tn dng

Vic gii ngn cho chng trnh MTQG NS&VSMTNT c thc hin qua ba

knh ch yu, l:- Gii ngn vn vay, vn vin trca nh ti tr thng qua ngn hng phc v

tnh v thc hin theo Hip nh vin trc k kt gia Chnh ph Vit Nam v nh

ti tr.

- Vn ngn sch nh nc (vn s nghip v vn XDCB) c gii ngn thng

qua h thng Kho bc Nh nc kim sot chi v qun l theo cc vn bn hng dn

ca Lut Ngn sch Nh nc.

- Vn tn dng u i trong nc cho cc ch h vay thng qua ngn hng chnh

sch x hi.V.2.4.1. Vn ngn sch nh nc

- Cn c vo thng bo kinh ph ca chng trnh, B Ti chnh tin hnh phn

b vn ngn sch v thng bo kinh ph phn bn KBNN v STi chnh. KBNN

cn c vo phn b vn ca B Ti chnh chuyn tin v Kho bc tnh. Kho bc tnh

cn c vo phn b vn ca STi chnh chuyn tin n Kho bc huyn. Kho bc


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huyn cp pht cho i tng th hng ca chng trnh trn csphn b vn ca

Phng Ti chnh huyn v danh sch i tng th hng ca chng trnh c

UBND huyn ph duyt.

- Cquan ti chnh cc cp a phng thm nh quyt ton thu, chi ngn

sch ca cquan cng cp v quyt ton ngn sch cp di, tng hp lp, quyt ton

ngn sch a phng trnh UBND cng cp, bo co cquan hnh chnh nh nc v

cquan ti chnh cp trn trc tip.

- Kim sot v thanh ton phn vn ngn sch nh nc qua h thng kho bc

nh nc c quy nh c th ti Thng t 79/2003/TT-BTC ngy 13/8/2003 ca B

Ti chnh hng dn ch qun l, cp pht, thanh ton cc khon chi ngn sch Nh

nc qua Kho bc Nh nc

V.2.4.2. Vn tn dng trong nc

c gii ngn theo quy trnh cho vay vn ca NHCSXH ban hnh.

V.2.4.3. Vn vay v vn vin trnc ngoi (ODA)

Vic gii ngn, thanh quyt ton i vi vn vic trQuc t cho Chng trnh

sc thc hin di nhiu hnh thc khc nhau da trn s tho thun ca tng nh

ti trv Chnh ph ph hp vi cc quy nh hin hnh. Sau y l 3 phng n

xut i vi vn vay v vn vin tr nc ngoi cho Chng trnh trong giai on2006 2010.

a. Phng n 1 :

Hng nm, cn c hng dn lp d ton NSNN ca B Ti chnh v cc vn

bn cam kt, tho thun, cc Hip nh vn trhoc vn vay do Th tng k kt vi

cc nh ti tr, k hoch trin khai d n hoc thng bo phn phi vin tr ca c

quan ch qun cho n v, tnh hnh thc hin d n trong nm; cc n v chu tlp d ton thu, chi v vin trv vn i ng gi v cquan ch qun d n.


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M hnh minh ho gii ngn vn ODA theo PHNG N 1

Ghi ch:

- K hiu: Gii ngn ngun ti chnh ca chng trnh.- K hiu: Thng bo khoch vn.

Ti tr Ngn sch nh nc

B Ti chnh

Kho bc NN TW

B KH&T NHCSXH

NHCSXHtnh

NHCSXHhuyn

SKH&TBQL dn tnhNH phc v tnh

STi chnhKBNN tnh

Phng TC huynKho bc NN huyn

Chu t, ch dn, ch h

BQL dn TWNH phc v TW

Tn dng


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Nguyn tc gii ngn

- Nh ti trv Chnh ph Vit nam thng bo d n ti trca mnh di cc

dng:

+ Hip nh ti tr, vn kin cam kt ti tr hoc k hoch trin khai d n,

thng bo phn phi d n c cp c thm quyn duyt trong cc Hip nh ti tr.

V nguyn tc phi quy nh r ccu vn ti trcho chng trnh NS&VSNT, trong

chia ra vn u t v vn s nghp, quy nh t chc qun l d n, cch gii

ngn ca ngun vn.

+ Tt c cc hot ng chi tiu phi c d ton c th v cn c vo cc khon

mc c cquan ti tr chp thun, chi tiu ng i tng, ng mc ch v

khng c chi vt mc tho thun vi nc ngoi.

Phng thc gii ngn

Khi d n vin trc k kt v ph duyt xong, cquan ch qun chng

trnh, cquan ch d n c trch nhim khn trng hon tt cc Iu kin v th tc

cn thit cho vic gii ngn vn vin tr nu vic gii ngn qua mt ngn hng phc

v th vic la chn ngn hng c u quyn rt vn s do B Ti chnh quyt nh.

Ngn hng phc vc B Ti chnh u quyn lm dch v rt vn vin trv c

hng ph theo quy nh hin hnh do chu t thanh ton bng ngun vn i ngtrong nc hoc theo tho thun ca nh ti tr.

+ Th trng cc n v nhn vin trphi chu trch nhim lm th tc xc

nhn vin trtheo cc quy nh hin hnh.

+ Cn c tng s vn vin trca cc nh ti tr xc nh v thng bo mc

phn b cho tng a phng. Mt phn vn ca nh ti trthng qua ngn hng phc

v TW chuyn vn cho BQL d n TW thc hin cc cng vic ca BQL d n

TW nh: tuyn truyn, hi ngh, hi tho, chi qun l vn phng. Phn cn li scphn b vn trc tip cho BQL d n tnh thng qua Ngn hng (NH) phc vtnh.

Ngn hng phc v tnh cn c vo cc iu kin c m bo ca BQL d n

tnh cp thanh ton cho cc chu t, ch d n, ch h theo ng quy nh hin

hnh.


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+ Nm th nht ca d n, Ban qun l d n tnh xy dng k hoch nm gi

nh ti trv c vn bn thng bo cho BQL d n TW. Sau khi xem xt, nh ti tr

chp thun v tr li bng vn bn ti Ban qun l d n tnh. T nm th hai tri, k

hoch ca cc Ban qun l d n tnh s do nhm nh gi k thut xem xt v gp .

Da trn gp ca nhm nh gi k thut, Ban qun l d n tnh s chnh sa li bn

k hoch v gi li nh tI trv BQL d n TW.

Hnh thc gii ngn

Hnh thc rt vn thanh ton t ti khon vin trv t ti khon c bit, d n

c thc hin theo quy nh hin hnh ca Chnh ph v tun th cc nguyn tc gii

ngn ca nh ti tr.

Cc ni dung chi c ti tr100% bi nh ti trkhng thc hin kim sot

chi qua Kho bc Nh nc cng cp.

Tu theo yu cu v tnh cht ca cc ln thanh ton Ban qun l d n trung

ng c th p dng cc hnh thc rt vn: Rt vn thanh ton qua ti khon c bit,

thanh ton trc tip qua ti khon vin tr, th tc hon vn, th cam kt. Ring Ban

qun l d n tnh ch thanh ton qua ti khon c bit v thanh ton theo th tc hon

vn (nu c).

Gii ngn vn vin trcho cc Ban qun l dn tnhNh ti trchuyn vn cho Ban qun l d n tnh phi tun th cc quy nh

trong Hip nh vin trv cc quy nh hin hnh ca Chnh ph Vit Nam.

Thc hin kim sot chi i vi dn vin tr

Cc khon chi tiu (ti Ban qun l d n cc cp) c t l gp vn i ng ca

Chnh phu phi c thc hin kim sot chi.

Quy trnh kim sot chi c thc hin theo hng dn ca B Ti chnh.

i vi Ban qun l dn trungng:

Thc hin tt c cc hnh thc rt vn p dng cho chng trnh. Gm cc chi

tr trc tip t ti khon vin trcc t rt vn b sung vo ti khon c bit v cc

hnh thc khc (nu c) c nh ti trchp thun (cam kt c bit, th tn dng).

ng thi, Ban qun l d n trung ng c trch nhim hng dn, gim st cc hot

ng qun l ti chnh ti cc Ban qun l d n tnh.


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i vi cc Ban qun l dn tnh:

Thc hin cc hot ng trong k hoch c Nh ti trchp thun v Ban ch

o chng trnh ca tnh, thnh ph ph duyt. Chu trch nhm v ngh chuyn

vn b sung v hot ng chi tiu ti Ban qun l d n tnh. Chu trch nhim v lu

gi h sti liu theo quy nh ca Lut k ton v nh ti tr. Ban qun l d n tnh

c trch nhm cung cp tt c cc ti liu c nh tI trv cc cquan c thm

quyn yu cu.

Ban qun l d n tnh c trch nhim gim st, kim tra vic trin khai cc hot

ng ca cc n v tham gia chng trnh trong phm vi ph trch m bo cc

hot ng ca d n c trin khai ng mc ch v c hiu qu.

Mti khon i vi vn vin tr, vn i ng:

- Ban qun l d n Trung ng c mcc ti khon sau:

Ti khon c bit: Ban qun l d n trung ng c m01 ti khon c

bit ngoi t (USD) mang tn D n Ngn hng phc v tip nhn ngun vin tr

khng hon li ca nh ti tr.

Ti khon tin gi: Ban qun l d n Trung ng c m02 ti khon tin

gi Ngn hng thng mi, trong : Mt ti khon tin gi USD v mt ti khon tin

gi VND gi vo nhng khon thu ti d n nh tin bn h sthu, tin bo lnhd thu, bo lnh thc hin hp ng v cc khon thu vng lai khc.

Ti khon d ton: Ban qun l d n trung ng c mmt i khon d

ton ti Kho bc Nh nc tip nhn vn i ng do NSTW cp cho cc hot ng

ca d n.

- Ban qun l d n tnh c mcc ti khon sau:

Ti khon c bit ti tuyn tnh: Ti Ngn hng phc v tnh, Ban qun l d

n tnh c m01 ti khon c bit (VND) tip nhn ngun vn vin trkhnghon li ca nh ti trchuyn n theo k hoch ti chnh c duyt .

Ti khon tin gi: Ti Ngn hng thng mi, Ban qun l d n tnh c

mmt ti khon tin gi (VND) gi vo nhng khon thu ti d n nh: Tin bn

h s thu, tin bo lnh thu, bo lnh thc hin hp ng, tin ng gp ca ngi

c hng li (nu c)


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Ti khon d ton: Ti Kho bc Nh nc tnh, Ban qun l d n tnh c

m01 ti khon d ton vn ngn sch thc hin vic thanh ton vn i ng.

Ch bo co, kim tra, quyt ton vn vin tr.

Ch bo co: Hng qu v c nm, th trng cc n v trc tip s dng

vin trphI lp bo co tnh hnh tip nhn v s dng vin trgi cquan ch qun

d n nI tip nhn vin tr.

Ch kim tra: Cquan ti chnh cc cp c trch nhim thng xuyn kim

tra v hng dn cc ch qun l vin tr.

Ch quyt ton: Hng nm khi kt thc d n, ch d n s dng vin trly

bo co quyt ton v gi cho cquan ch qun d n theo quy nh ca B Ti chnh.

Ring quyt ton nm, B Ti chnh ch tr thm nh bo co quyt ton nm v

ngun thu v s dng vin trca cc B, ngnh TW cng vi vic thm tra quyt ton

kinh ph HCSN cho chng trnh NS&VSNT do B, ngnh TW qun l. Cn c vo

bin bn thm tra quyt ton ngun vn vin tr, B TI chnh s thng bo duyt tng

s quyt ton chi HCSN ca chng trnh trong c quyt ton ngun vin tr. Vn

i ng ca cc d n vin trc quyt ton nh quyt ton ngun NSNN cp theo

Lut NSNN. STI chnh cc tnh, thnh ph v phng TI chnh cc qun, huyn, th

x ch tr thm tra quyt ton thu v s dng vin trhng nm ca cc n v thucPhng TI chnh qun l cng vi vic thm tra quyt ton kinh ph HCSN.

Quyt ton dn vin tr:

- Khi d n vin trkt thc quyt ton vi nh tI trm vn cn tha tin,

ch d n bo co phng n x l vi cquan ch qun v cquan ti chnh cng

cp.

- Cng vi vic gi bo co quyt ton d n, ch d n phi bo co x l ti

sn, cng nvi cquan ch qun v cquan ti chnh cng cp.

b. Phng n 2: H trngn sch theo mc tiu :

Chng trnh h tr ngn sch theo mc tiu l cch tip cn mi trong vic

cung ng v s dng vn ODA, c nhiu li th so vi cch tip cn d n. Chng

trnh h trngn sch theo mc tiu l m hnh h trv s dng vn ODA trc tip


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b sung vo ngn sch khng qua c ch d n, khng cn b my qun l ring.

Chng trnh h trngn sch theo mc tiu s h trngn sch cho cc hot ng

c Chnh ph Vit Nam xc nh trong Chng trnh mc tiu quc gia v c gii

ngn v gim st qun l theo cch ca Lut Ngn sch v Chng trnh mc tiu

quc gia. Mc tiu ca Chng trnh h trngn sch theo mc tiu ng thi cng l

cc mc tiu ca Chng trnh mc tiu Quc gia c Chnh ph Vit Nam ph

duyt

Vic gii ngn ca Chng trnh h trngn sch theo mc tiu d kin s din

ra nhanh chng theo tin c tha thun trn nguyn tc "ngun vn ODA

c ho vo ngun ngn sch v sc chuyn trc tip vo cc Chng trnh mc

tiu quc gia v nc sch v v sinh mi trng". Chng trnh h trngn sch theo

mc tiu to iu kin ho nhp" s h trODA vi nhng n lc ca Chnh ph

t ti cng mc tiu. y l mt bc tin mi trong cng tc hi ho ho cc th tc

gia Chnh ph v cc nh ti tr.

Chng trnh h trngn sch theo mc tiu sc thc hin da trn cch

Chng trnh mc tiu quc gia thay i trong phn b kinh ph, gim st v nh gi

trn csthc hin vic phn cp qun l. Cch bo co da vo quy trnh/ th tc

thng thng ca Chnh ph, ch cn ci tin m khng to ra mt quy trnh ringtrong qu trnh thc hin Chng trnh h trngn sch theo mc tiu.

Cchgii ngn vn khng hon li v vn vay nc ngoi:

Hip nh tn dng sc m phn gia nh ti trv ngn hng Nh nc

Vit nam theo th tc yu cu ca mi bn. Mi nh ti tr s k mt hip nh ti

chnh vi B Ti chnh theo th tc yu cu ca cc bn. Ni dung chnh ca cc hip

nh tn dng v cc hip nh ti chnh s l ging nhau i vi Chng trnh xut.

Vic gii ngn ca vn vin trc thc hin theo cch chuyn trc tip vn ODAvo ngn sch Nh nc thc hin Chng trnh mc tiu quc gia nc sch v v

sinh mi trng nng thn hng ti t mc tiu ca chng trnh.

Vic gii ngn s tin hnh theo tng nm v kt qu thc hin ca nm trc l cn

c gii ngn cho nm tip theo.


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Khi d n vin trc k kt v ph duyt xong, cc th tc v cc iu kin

cn thit c hon tt cho vic gii ngn, vn vn trc chuyn vo Kho bc

Nh nc Trung ng theo k hoch hng nm c duyt gia Chnh ph v nh

ti tr, theo lnh ca Ban ch nhim Chng trnh v thng tin phn hi ta phng

(Ni dung, mc tiu chi ca Chng trnh), B Ti chnh (V Ngn sch Nh nc)

lm th tc lnh chi theo k hoch, Kho bc Nh nc Trung ng tin hnh chuyn

vn vin trvo Ti khon Kho bc Nh nc tnh, thnh ph thc hin gii ngn

ti n v th hng trc tip.

Bo co quyt ton vn vin tr

Ngun vn vin trca Chng trnh h trngn sch theo mc tiu sc

qun l, quyt ton theo quy nh ti chnh ca Lut Ngn sch Nh nc v cc quy

nh hin hnh. iu ny cho php cc cn b v cp qun l c th qun l chng

trnh mt cch c hiu qu. Phng php ny nh du s chuyn i t cch h tr

kiu d n sang phng thc h tr trc tip vo ngn sch theo nhng mc tiu c

th.

Kho bc Nh nc cn l p cc bo co ti chnh trong nm v chi tit cho

Chng trnh mc tiu quc gia nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn, Tnh v

huyn cng ng vai tr quan trng trong vic phn b cc ngun vn b sung mtcch minh bch v qun l mc chi tiu cng nh tng chi tiu.

Hng nm cc tnh phi np bo co ln Ban ch nhim Chng trnh v tnh

hnh thc hin theo mu quy nh, cc bo co ny l csph b kinh ph theo k

hoch cho tnh vo nm tip theo.


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M hnh minh ho gii ngn vn ODA theo Phng n 2

Ghi ch:

- K hiu: Gii ngn ngun ti chnh ca Chng trnh.

- K hiu: Thng bo k hoch vn.

Ti tr

Ti khon caNHNNVN

Ngn sch nh nc

B Ti chnhKho bc NN TW

B KH&T NHCSXH

NHCSXHtnh

NHCSXHhuyn

S KH&TS Ti chnhKBNN tnh

Phng TC huynKho bc NN huyn

Ch u t, ch d n, ch h

Tn dng


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c. Phng n 3:

Ngun vn tn dng ODA cng vi NSNN chuyn cho NHCSXH cho vay

theo cc mc tiu ca chng trnh.

i vi vn ODA khng yu cu hon tr mang tnh cht xy dng cbn (xy

dng cc cng trnh cp nc, h x, ) c chuyn qua h thng Kho bc nh nc

cp pht v kim sot chi nhi vi ngun vn i ng c NSNN cp pht cho

chng trnh.

Ring khon thanh ton trc tip cho cc cng ty t vn quc t, cc chuyn gia

quc t hoc mt s mua sm quc t khc do Nh ti trtrc tip tin hnh mua sm

do Nh ti trtrc tip qun l.

Ngun vn ODA khng yu cu hon tr nhng khng c tnh cht xy dng c

bn nh: chi qun l d n, chi truyn thng, chi o to, hi tho, tp hun, s do

nh ti trchuyn qua ti khon ca B Ti chnh m ti ngn hng thng mi. Cn

c hip nh, tho thun, vn kin chng trnh/d n ; k hoch hot ng v k hoch

ngn sch c Ban Ch nhim chng trnh duyt v yu cu gii ngn hng qu ca

Ban qun l d n Trung ng, B Ti chnh s chuyn tin ti BQLDA TW, BQLDA

cp tnh, BQLDA cp huyn theo k hoch qu hoc thanh ton trc tip cho Nh cung

cp hng ho, dch v theo yu cu ca cc BQLDA.i vi vn ODA khng yu cu hon tr nhng khng c tnh cht xy dng c

bn, cc ch v nh mc chi tiu s do Chnh ph tho thun vi cc nh ti tr.

Vic kim sot chi s do cc BQLDA t chu trch nhim trong khun kh cc tho

thun gia Chnh ph vi cc nh ti trv cc quy nh qun l ti chnh hin hnh.

nh k hng nm, cc nh ti trc th tin hnh kim ton c lp vic chi tiu vn

ODA, B Ti chnh s s dng kt qu kim ton ny nh gi vic chi tiu ca cc

BQLDA v c bin php iu chnh cn thit vic chuyn tin cho k sau.


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S minh ho gii ngn vn ODA theo PHNG N 3:

Ghi ch: K hiu :Lung vn tn dng

Lung gii ngn vn i ng vvn ODA XDCBLung thanh ton trc tip ca nh ti trLung gii ngn ODA ngoi XDCB

Cng ty tvnquc t

Chuyn gia tvnquc t

Nh Ti trNgn sch nh nc

NHCSXH

NHCSXHa phng

BQL dn tnh

Chu t, ch dn, ch h, nh cung cp hng ho, dch v

Kho bcNN TW

V Ti chnhi ngoi

Kho bcNN aphng

BQL dnhuyn


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V.2.5. Phng thc thanh quyt ton v kim sot chi

i vi vn vin tr, kim sot chi nhm m bo chi tiu ca chng trnh ph

hp vi Hip nh vin trc k kt gia Chnh ph Vit Nam v nh ti tr.

i vi vn ngn sch nh nc, chi tr, thanh ton v kim sot thc hin theo

cc quy nh hin hnh ca Chnh ph.

V.2.6. Thu

Min gim thu kinh doanh c thi hn, gim thut cho mi thnh phn kinh

t tham gia u t lm dch v cp nc sinh hot v v sinh mi trng nng thn.

V.3. Gii php v cng ngh cp nc sch, cht lng nc v v sinh nng

thn

Gii php v cng ngh cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn l cha

kho ca vic pht huy hiu qu khai thc, s dng cng trnh, n quyt nh n c vn

ti chnh, ngun lc vn hnh v bo dng. Cng ngh c tc ng hi ho mi

tng quan gia gi tr cng trnh, thnh phm nc sch v kh nng chi tr ca ngi

dn. V vy, cn tp trung y mnh nghin cu v p dng tin b khoa hc k thut

vo cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn ph hp vi tin trnh cng nghip

ho, hin i ho nng thn.

i vi xy dng v qun l cc cng trnh cp nc v v sinh: Cc cquan

qun l nh nc rt khi kinh doanh xy dng cng trnh cp nc sch v v sinh,

cng vic ny giao cho cc nh thu l doanh nghip nh nc hoc Cng ty t nhn

m nhn thng qua u thu cnh tranh. Hnh thnh th trng cc dch v cp nc

sch v v sinh nng thn theo nh hng ca nh nc.

V.3.1. Gii php v cng ngh cp nc, qun l cc cng trnh cp nc vcht lng nc

Phng thc tip cn cho gii php cng ngh - k thut cp nc sch l: a

dng ha cc cng ngh ph hp vi iu kin t nhin kinh t - x hi ca mi vng

nng thn; m bo nguyn tc bn vng. Trong , u tin cp nc t p trung cho

nhng vng dn c tp trung, tn dng cc cng trnh cp nc hin c nng cp, m

rng, ng thi tm kim cc ngun nc n nh cho cc vng c bit kh khn nh

vng thng xuyn hn hn, l lt, vng ni cao, hi o; khai thc v s dng hp l


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cc ngun nc bng cc loi hnh cng ngh ph hp, nng cao cht lng nc bng

p dng v chuyn giao nhiu cng ngh mi...C th nh sau:

Phc hi, nng cp, ci to v mrng cc cng trnh cp nc hin c:

- Trc mt cn kim tra, nh gi y hiu qu s dng cc cng trnh cp

nc c xy dng, t c k hoch c th phc hi, ci to, duy tr hot ng

ca cc cng trnh. ng thi, nng cp cng ngh (hoc thay i cng ngh) , mrng

cng trnh, pht huy ti a cng xut thit k nhm phc v cp nc cho ngi dn

c nhiu nht.

- C k hoch kim k, nh gi, phn loi cc ging khoan ng knh nh theo

kiu UNICEF 2 vng ng bng sng Hng v ng bng sng Cu Long

xut bin php s dng thch h p. Trc mt, s dng cc ging cn m bo cht

lng (bao gm cht lng ging v cht lng ngun nc) ni mng bm dn n

trm x l lm sch nc v phn phi bng ng ng phc v cho cc cm dn c t

10 50 h hoc nhiu hn ph hp vi kh nng khai thc cho php ca loi ging ny.

Tip tc nghin cu v u tvo cc m hnh dn cp nc thim

trin khai cho tng vng v nhn rngnhng vng c iu kin tng ttrn

ton quc:

- R sot li cc m hnh, d n c ng dng th im trong giai on 1999 2005; c k hoch tng kt, ph bin nhn rng.

- Giai on 2006 2010 cn tp trung nghin cu, th im cc m hnh cng

ngh cp nc sch nng thn ph hp vi cc vng c th, nh: Cng ngh, k thut

cp nc cho cc vng kh khn: vng ni cao, vng CASTO bng cng ngh xy

h thu nc, gi nc, tr nc quy m va v nh cp nc cho cm dn c.

- Tip tc nghin cu ng dng cng ngh cp nc cho vng l lt, vng b

nhim phn ti cc vng ng bng, c bit l BSCL.- Nghin cu, ng dng th im v cng ngh k thut cp nc v x l nc

cho cc vng Duyn hi, vng hi o, vng ngun nc b nhim mn.

- Cng ngh x l nc mt bng trm cp nc ni, t hnh cp nc cho cc

vng: ng Bng Sng Cu Long, vng dn c vn , vng nhiu knh rch.


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- Cng ngh x l ngun nc nhim mn s dng nh nng mt tri bc hi

bng gng knh thu nc ngt phc v cho n, ung cc tnh Duyn hi Min

trung, vng hi o.

- Th im s dng vt liu vi Polime, contak lm ti cha nc cp nc

cho ma kh hn thay th cc b, lu cha nc cho vng cao, vng l lt, vng duyn

hi min trung, hi o.

- Nghin cu tip thu vic ng dng th im cng ngh cao, k thut hin i

cho cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung cc vng ng bng.

- Tip tc nghin cu v pht trin sn xut nguyn vt liu, thit b trong nc,

gim gi thnh, to vic lm cho ngi dn.

- R sot, hon chnh cc ti liu hng dn v cng ngh, k thut t chc ph

bin rng ri cc ti liu ny n tn cs.

Sdng tng hp a mc ch ti nguyn nc:

Trit tn dng ngun nc ca cc cng trnh phc v cp nc cho cc mc

ch khc, tn dng ngun nc ti hn 750 h cha ln v trung bnh v hn 10.000

h nh cng cc cng trnh thy nng, knh mng dn hin c lm ngun x l

nc phc v cho n ung v sinh hot.

p dng cng ngh thch hp trn csu tin ng dng tin b khoahc kthut trong cp nc, duy tr cng ngh truyn thng ph hp:

- Pht trin cng ngh cp nc tin tin vi cc quy m khc nhau, mrng ti

a cp nc n h gia nh qua ng ho nc, c bit l ti cc tnh ng bng

sng Hng v ng bng sng Cu Long. Hn ch ti a vic cp nc phn tn nh l

cc vng ng bng.

- Xy dng cc b cha, lu cha nc ma vng ni cao, ni kh khn cc

ngun nc ngm, nc mt.- Ch trng cc bin php x l nc vi quy trnh khc nhau m bo nng cao

cht lng c bit l cc vng kh khn nh ni cao, vng b nhim phn, nhim mn,

nhim Asen, nhim kim loi, vng ngun nc b nhim nng, vng ngp lt, hn

hn.


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Cc loi cng ngh cp nc:

Cng ngh cp nc nh l

Cc loi cng ngh cp nc nh l bao gm :

- Gingo: cp nc cho tng h, cho tng cm h gia nh hoc cm dn c.Trong tnh hnh hin nay nhng vng ngun nc mt hoc nc ngm tng nng b

nhim nng khng p dng loi hnh ny khai thc nc cho n ung.

- Bcha, lu cha nc: p dng cho nhng vng dn c tha tht khng c

iu kin cp nc tp trung, ngun nc mt v nc ngm khan him nh vng ni

cao, vng ni Cast, hi o, vng ven bin ngun nc b nhim mn, vng l lt,

nhng ni khng c iu kin cp nc tp trung, nhng ni dn c tha tht

- Ging khoan: Hn ch ti a vic pht trin ging khoan h gia nh, c bitl vng ng bng sng Hng v ng bng sng Cu Long. Cc ging khoan

khng m bo cht lng phi sm c lp trnh lm nhim ngun nc ngm.

Cp nc tp trung

Cp nc tp trung l mt gii php cp nc hon chnh, m bo cht lng

v khi lng nc, do nhng vng c iu kin ngun nc di do, a hnh

bng phng, dn c tp trung, kinh t pht trin, trnh dn tr cao th u tin pht

trin loi hnh ny nhm nng t l dn c nng thn c s dng nc t cc loi

hnh cng ngh cp nc tp trung ln khong 35% vo nm 2010.

Cc loi hnh cng ngh cp nc tp trung gm c:

- Cp nc t chy: ph hp vi vng cao, vng ni. Khai thc ngun nc

mch l hoc nc sui v tr cao hn khu vc s dng nc.

- H thng cp nc sdng bm ng lc: nhm khai thc ngun nc ngm

hoc nc mt v p dng i vi vng ng bng ng dn c.

- H cp nc tp trung quy m nh: tndng ging khoan ng knh nh,ging o, thay bm tay bng lp bm in a ln thp nc c th tch nh, cao t

5 7m, dng ng ng dn nc n h gia nh, c lp ng ho nc phc v

khong 50 100 h.


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T chc xy dng, qun l v khai thc cc cng trnh cp nc:

Vic trin khai xy dng cc cng trnh cp nc sch phi m bo nguyn tc

dn ch, cng khai, ngi dn c tham gia ngay t khu lp k hoch u t, chun

bu t, la chn cng ngh v tham gia gim st thc hin xy dng cng trnh.

i vi cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung: Phng thc qun l v ch shu

cng trnh cp nc tp trung sau xy dng phi c xc nh ngay t khi lp d n

v l mt iu kin bt buc ph duyt d n. Hin nay ang tn ti kh nhiu m

hnh qun l cng trnh cp nc tp trung khc nhau, do trong nm 2006 phi t

chc nh gi y v cc m hnh qun l hin nay t a ra c m hnh

ph hp. c bit i vi cc cng trnh hin ang hot ng km hiu qu cn a ra

l trnh chuyn i phng thc qun l v shu. khuyn khch pht trin cc mhnh qun l nh: HTX, t nhn , Cng ty c phn, Cng ty cp nc sch nng thn...

M hnh Trung tm nc sinh hot v v sinh mi trng nng thn qun l hin ti

ang c hiu qu, song cn nh gi li chuyn dn sang hnh thc qun l khc ph

hp vi nguyn tc nh nc khng trc tip qun l, kinh doanh cc cng trnh cp

nc sch.

i vi cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung gi tiu th nc sch theo nguyn tc

tnh ng, tnh cc chi ph sn xut, m bo cho cc doanh nghip, cc nh u t

t ch v ti chnh trong hot ng kinh doanh.

Vi cc cng trnh cp nc nh l, ch shu l t nhn (gia nh) t t chc

xy dng v qun l. Tuy nhin, nh nc cn t vn y v cng ngh, k thut v

hng dn cc quy nh trong vic hot ng m bo vic khai thc ngun nc v

bo v mi trng.

Tiu chun cht lng ncCng tc qun l, nh gi gim st cht lng nc sch nng thn trong giai

on 2006 2010 cn phi c quan tm c bit m bo kt qut c mang

tnh bn vng. Trong giai on trc mt, p dng cc tiu ch v quy trnh gim st,

nh gi tiu chun v sinh nc sch nng thn theo Quyt nh s s 09/

2005/Q/BYT i vi cc cng trnh cp nc c cng sut phc v di 500 ngi.


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i vi cc cng trnh c cng sut ln hn 500 ngi tm thi p dng tiu chun v

sinh nc n ung theo Quyt nh s 1329/2002/Q BYT ca B Y t ban hnh.

Tuy nhin, ph hp vi thc t pht trin kinh t, x hi v kh nng p ng

v k thut v trnh qun l, trong nm 2006 2007, cn xy dng v ban hnh b

Tiu chun Quc gia cht lng nc sch thng nht chung cho cc loi hnh cp

nc phc v cho n, ung v sinh hot nng thn.

V.3.2. Cng ngh nh tiu h gia nh, v sinh trng hc v v sinh cngcng

Chng trnh Mc tiu Quc gia Nc sch v VSMT giai on 1998 2005

t c nhiu thnh tu trong lnh vc cp nc nhng lnh vc v sinh mi trng

cht c kt qu hn ch. Cht lng xy dng, tnh trng s dng nh tiu thc t

nhiu ni cn km, mt s trng hp chng loi nh tiu c la chn cha ph

hp vi quy m s dng, do i hi phi c cc bin php thch hp v hiu qu

t mc tiu ra.Trong nhng nm ti, vic la chn v pht trin cc loi hnh nh tiu ph hp

cho h gia nh, trng hc, ni cng cng phi da vo nhu cu ca cng ng v a

phng trn csc s t vn v k thut ca nh nc. Cng ng tham gia ngay t

giai on lp k hoch v quyt nh loi hnh nh tiu no sc la chn, tham gia

vo tt c cc khu xy dng, gim st thi cng v qun l sau xy dng. ng thi

ch trng thc hin cc gii php sau:

Thng nht thit kv sn xut cc cu kin v sinh bng cc loi vt liu,

ph kin khc nhau m bo kthut

- trnh nhng sai lch v k thut trong vic xy dng cc cng trnh nh v

sinh, cn thit phi trin khai nghin cu v h trsn xut hng lot cc cu kin v

sinh bng nhiu loi nguyn vt liu khc nhau theo ng quy chun thit k k thut

cung cp cho a phng. Huy ng cc thnh phn kinh t tham gia sn xut vcung ng cc cu kin v sinh, xy dng cc cng trnh v sinh, hn chc quyn, tn

dng ngun nguyn liu sn c ti ch, gi thnh cnh tranh...

- Thit b v sinh ca loi nh tiu t hoi: b x (b bt, b xm), ct L, ng

PVC nhiu kch c, cc thit b ph kin km theo khc... c nhiu cng ty ca Vit


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Nam v Cng ty lin doanh snh xut v cung ng theo nhu cu th trng, do vy cn

h trqung b cc sn phm ny v y mnh vic p dng.

- Nghin cu sn xut hng lot b x ca nh tiu hai ngn v o ci tin bng

cc vt liu bn, m bo v sinh v c tnh thm m cao (Composite, s trng men..)

ng tiu chun k thut gii quyt nhng sai st k thut v tin li trong thi cng,hc gi thnh, huy ng c nhiu thnh phn tham gia.

u tnghin cu thim cc m hnh v sinh ph hp cho cc vng ngp

lt, h gia nh, trng hc, trm x, chnng thn, y ban nhn dn cc x.

- Nghin cu chun ho thit ki vi cc loi nh tiu HVS h gia nh.

- Nghin cu ng dng sn xut cc loi vt liu composite, s, b tng c

snv cc vt liu khc theo ng tiu chun thit k ph hp vi khu vc, a

phng.

- Nghin cu m hnh x l phn, nc tiu (k thut , s dng nng lng mt

tri, biogas, cng ngh sinh hc, giun t...) hp v sinh, gi thnh h.

- Nghin cu cc hnh thc t chc, s dng bo qun v quy trnh kim tra

gim st nghim thu cng trnh.

- M hnh th im v xy dng, s dng v bo qun nh tiu HVS trong trng

hc (cc cp) ph hp vi s lng hc sinh v la tui.

- M hnh th im v xy dng, s dng v bo qun nh tiu HVS cho trm x

x, UBND x v ch(chthng xuyn, chhp phin).

Thnh lp v tchc cc i kthut chuyn xy dng cng trnh v sinh ti

cc tuyn huyn, x, thn.

Nhm mc tiu hng dn cho cng ng xy dng cc cng trnh nh tiu ng

k thut, m bo cht lng, ng thi h tr cng tc gim st s dng ti cng

ng.

Cc loi nh tiu hp v sinh:

Hin nay c nhiu loi hnh nh tiu h gia nh ang c p dng ti cc vng

nng thn Vit Nam, tuy nhin mt s khng cn ph hp do khng p ng c cc


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nhu cu vm bo an ton v sinh mi trng. Do , trong thi gian ti y mnh

p dng 3 loi hnh nh tiu l: nh tiu t hoi, nh tiu hai ngn phn ti ch/nh

tiu sinh thi, nh tiu chm c ng thng hi. Trong nhng ni thun li v ngun

nc s xy dng loi nh tiu t hoi, nhng ni khng thun li v ngun nc v

iu kin a l kh khn khuyn khch xy dng loi nh tiu hai ngn v nh tiu o

ci tin. Ngoi ra cn tip tc nh gi cc m hnh nh tiu hin c khc a ra

nhng loi hnh ph hp vi iu kin kinh t, vn ho, phong tc tp qun ca tng

khu vc nhm ph bin nhn rng.

Nh tiu dng cho trng hc v cc c scng cng nh ch, tr su ban

xkhuyn khch p dng loi nh tiu t hoi hoc hai ngn phn ti ch.

Cc yu cu i vi nh tiu hp v sinh:

- C lp c phn ngi, lm cho phn ti hoc phn cha an ton khng th tip

xc c vi ngi, ng vt v cn trng.

- Tiu dit c cc tc nhn gy bnh c trong phn v khng lm nhim mi

trng xung quanh.

V.3.3. Cng ngh xl cht thi lng ngh v cht thi chn nui

Cng nghng vai tr rt quan trng x l cht thi chn nui cng nh

lng ngh, v th trong nhng nm ti cn tip tc nghin cu a ra nhiu loi hnh

cng ngh gip ngi dn c nhiu loi hnh ph hp la chn, ng thi nghin

cu gim gi thnh cng ngh x l cht thi chn nui v lng ngh.

Xl cht thi chn nui h gia nh

- y mnh p dng cng ngh Biogas x l cht thi chn nui. Kinh

nghim thc hin chng trnh trong giai on qua cho thy, Biogas l cng ngh x l

cht thi chn nui c hiu qu va x l cc yu t gy nhim mi trng, hn chc cc nguy ctruyn bnh va to ra kh s dng un nu. Biogas c rt nhiu

loi nh: ti nilon, hm hnh tr xy gch np b tng hoc composit, hnh cu xy

dng bng gch... Nhn chung cc loi hnh biogas u c u nhc im song cho n

nay cng ngh biogas x l cht thi chn nui l u vit nht. iu kin tin quyt


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biogas pht huy hiu qu l phi xy dng ng quy trnh k thut m bo kn, bn

vng khng d kh v phi cung cp ti thiu 20 Kg phn ti trong 24 gi.

Biogas c nhiu loi, tu thuc vo iu kin kinh t ca tng gia nh v tng

vng m p dng cho ph hp. Da vo cht liu lm biogas ngi ta phn ra 2 loi

chnh:

- Biogas bng ti ni lon : Gi thnh thp, d xy dng song hay b thng, r kh,

tn din tch, khng bn, p lc gas thp nn hiu sut t khng cao.

- Biogas xy bng gch: c nhiu hnh thi khc nhau nh hm xy hnh tr np

cnh bng b tng li thp hoc composit hoc loi hm hnh cu... M hnh ny

gi thnh v k thut xy dng i hi cao song u im l bn vng, tn t din tch...

- Thc y x l cht thi chn nui h gia nh bng mu chung do Vin chnnui b Nng nghip thit k.

Nguyn tc chung l chung xy gch c mi che nn cng c nghing

dn nc thi. Gn vi chung l h phn v b t hoi 3 ngn x l nc thi.

Cho n nay mi c kiu chung hp v sinh do Vin chn nui thit k song vn hnh

rt kh khn v hng ngy phi ht phn cho vo h. M hnh chung ca Vin Chn

nui c trin khai th im H ty, Nam nh, Yn bi... nu c vn hnh tt

x l cht thi chn nui c hiu qu hn ch cc nguyn nhn gy nhim ng thi

to ra ngun phn bn hu ctt v an ton. M hnh ny ph hp p dng cho vng

khng ngp lt, min ni, vng s dng phn bn cho cy trng.

- Sn xut phn hu cvi sinh t nguyn liu phn v rc thi gia nh. y l

m hnh c gii thng sng to mi trng do Trung tm nghin cu v pht trin

cng ng nng thn Hi lm vn Vit Nam nghin cu.

Quy trnh sn xut phn hu cvi sinh quy m h gia nh n gin r tin ph

hp vi tp qun phn chung truyn thng ca cc h nng dn. M hnh ny va

m bo x l phn, rc thi va to ra ngun phn bn hu cvi sinh cht lng tt,

ph hp p dng cho vng khng ngp lt, min ni, vng s dng phn bn cho cy

trng.

i vi vic xl cht thi lng ngh

Theo tnh ton sb th s vn cn u t s rt ln v kh c th gii quyt

c trong phm vi Chng trnh ny. Phng n xut l tp trung u t xy dng

mt s m hnh th im x l cht thi cho cc lng ngh ch bin thc phm, lng


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ngh dt th cng v lng ngh giy sau t chc nh gi v tuyn truyn ph bin

nhn rng din p dng. Cc lng ngh xy dng cc cc m hnh sau th im sc

to iu kin vay vn vi li xut thp v thi hn tr vn hp l.

V.3.4.Cng trnh thim

Trong giai on 1999 2005 c hng lot m hnh cng ngh cp nc v vsinh cng nh m hnh qun l trin khai thc hin c th im, do trong nm

2006 cn t chc nh gi li cc loi hnh th im nhn rng ra cc a bn ph

hp.

Kinh nghim trong thi gian qua cng cho thy vic th im nn t p trung

mt sa bn c th sau t chc nh gi v ph bin, nhn rng thng qua cc

phng tin truyn thng i chng l c hiu qu (nh d n xy dng hm Biogas

an Phng, H Ty).

Ty theo yu cu v mc ch ca th im cn c phng n t chc xy dng

v qun l c thm bo nguyn tc:

- C s tham gia, phi hp cht ch gia cquan qun l, cquan thc hin, c

quan khoa hc, cc nh khoa hc v cc a phng (hng th d n)

- Th im phi gn vi s dng cng trnh.

- C s phn cng theo di t chc nh gi kt qu th im, c k hoch phbin nhn rng.

V.4. Gii php v Quy hoch v cch qun l k hoch chng trnh

V.4.1. Quy hoch

Trn csquy hoch cp nc v v sinh mi trng nng thn hin c, trong

nm 2006 2007 cn tin hnh nh gi, cp nht, b sung quy hoch, k hoch chi

tit v cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn cc a bn dn c. a vic

iu chnh, b sung quy hoch thnh mt nhim v thng xuyn ca cng tc qun lnh nc. Trong vn ny cn ht sc ch quy hoch khng gian mt bng dnh

t cho mc ch pht trin cp ncsch v v sinh mi trng nng thn

V.4.2. Cch qun l k hoch Chng trnh

Thc trng cng tc k hoch i vi Chng trnh mc tiu quc gia

NS&VSMTNT trong my nm qua c nhiu tin b, tuy nhin nhn chung vn cn


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nhiu bt cp k c qu trnh lm k hoch, nng lc v t chc i ng cn b t

cp x ln n cp tnh. Thm vo , vic phi hp theo chiu dc v chiu ngang

trong qu trnh xy dng k hoch cn yu; k hoch cha thc si t nhu cu thc t

ca cs, cha th hin c nguyn vng ca ngi dn, cha i t mc ch cn t

c xy dng k hoch ca chng trnh.

khc phc cc tn ti trn, cn i mi cng tc xy dng k hoch ca

Chng trnh theo phng php k hoch ho. Tng cng vic phn cp qun l

m bo rng cc tnh chng hn trong vic lp k hoch, trin khai v qun l cc

cng trnh cp nc v v sinh nng thn.

Vic xy dng k hoch ca chng trnh NS&VSMTNT c tin hnh theo

lch trnh 5 nm v hng nm v phi xut pht t cs. C th nh sau:

- Cp x tng hp nhu cu t cc thn, bn, c s tham gia ca ngi dn, ca

cng ng dn c th hng chng trnh v t mc tiu chnh ca chng trnh v

u t xy dng cc cng trnh cp nc, cc cng trnh v sinh ln k hoch v cp

nc sch v VSMTNT ca x. K hoch ny phi c HND x thng qua v sau

gi cho UBND huyn.

- C p huyn tng hp k hoch cp nc sch v VSMTNT t cc x trong

huyn theo cc mc tiu, nhim v: s ngi dn c cp nc sch, s h c cngtrnh hp v sinh, s lng nghc x l mi trng, s cng trnh cp nc c

u t xy dng mi, s nh tiu c xy mi (hoc ci to) hp v sinh; nhu cu vn

u t pht trin v s nghip, nhu cu vay vn tn dng; k hoch huy ng ngun lc

ca huyn cho chng trnh NS&VSMTNT... K hoch ca huyn phi c HND

huyn thng qua v gi UBND tnh, SNng nghip v PTNT.

- Cp tnh tng hp k hoch cp nc sch v VSMTNT t cc huyn trong

tnh theo cc mc tiu, nhim v: s ngi dn c cp nc sch; s h c cng trnh

hp v sinh; s lng nghc x l mi trng; s cng trnh cp nc c u txy dng mi; s cng trnh h x c xy mi (hoc ci to) hp v sinh; nhu cu

vn u t pht trin v s nghip, nhu cu vay vn tn dng; k hoch huy ng ngun

lc ti a phng. K hoch ca tnh phi c H ND tnh thng qua v gi th

tng chnh ph, cquan qun l chng trnh l B Nng nghip v PTNT, B K

hoch v u t, B Ti chnh.


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- B Nng nghip v PTNT tng hp k hoch ca chng trnh t 64 tnh, thnh

ph trc thuc Trung ng v k hoch cp nc v v sinh mi trng nng thn ca

cc B, ngnh c lin quan gi Th tng Chnh ph, B K hoch v u t, B Ti

chnh.

Giao ch tiu k hoch ca chng trnh:Vic giao ch tiu k hoch nm 2006 v cc nm ti p theo ca chng trnh

vn thc hin theo cch nh k hoch nm 2005, c th l: Th tng chnh ph giao

ch tiu tng kinh ph ca cc d n do a phng thc hin; kinh ph ca CTMTQG

do cquan qun l chng trnh v cquan tham gia thc hin chng trnh thc hin.

(Xem s s 2).

V.5. o to pht trin ngun nhn lc

o to pht trin ngun nhn lc phi p ng c vi cch tip cn da theonhu cu v phn cp qun l, thc thi cho cc cp. C ngha l ngoi nhim vo to,

vic pht trin ngun nhn lc cn bao gm vic tuyn m nhn vin v pht trin

ngh nghip; ng thi da trn vic cp nht k hoch t chc v pht trin ngun

nhn lc.

Vic o to pht trin ngun nhn lc c thc hin i vi mi cp v vi tt

c cn b nhn vin trong lnh vc cp nc v v sinh mi trng nh: cn b ch

o, cn b qun l, lp k hoch, chng trnh, k thut, ti chnh, tn dng, c bit

l o to cho nhn vin qun l v cng nhn vn hnh, sa cha, bo dng cng

trnh cp nc v v sinh. Vic o to cn ch trng n vic dy thc hnh hn l l

thuyt n thun; u tin o to th, cn b bo tr, vn hnh l ngi a phng

to cng n vic lm v pht trin ngh nghip cho ngi dn.

Hin nay b my t chc v cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn

c thit lp cp tnh v Trung trng, tuy nhin, cp huyn v c bit l cp x

khng c cn b chuyn trch v cng tc ny. Do , cn u tin pht trin ngunnhn lc cp huyn, x thc hin tt hn vai tr mi ca mnh.

p ng tt cng tc o to, nh nc cn u t thm cc trang thit b,

nng cao trnh ging dy cc cso to hin c cc cp trong lnh vc cp

nc v v sinh mi trng, bao gm: cc cso to bc i hc, trung hc chuyn


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nghip v trung tm dy ngh ca cc B: B NN&PTNT, B xy dng, B Gio dc

v o to, B Lao ng- Thng binh- X hi

Ni dung o to s cn c theo nhu cu thc t, tuy nhin cn lu tp trung

vo mt s lnh vc sau:

- Nng cao nng lc lp k hoch, qun l, gim st, nh gi cho cn b;

- Nng cao nng lc v k thut xy dng cc cng trnh cp nc v v sinh ti

cng ng

- K nng truyn thng;

- Gim st nh gi d n.

VI. HIU QU CA CHNG TRNH

VI.1. Hiu qu v kinh t, x hi v mi trng

Hiu qu v kinh t

- To iu kin hnh thnh cc cm dn c pht trin tp trung theo tng ngh

c th nh chn nui, sn xut nng nghip, lng ngh truyn thng.

- Khi c nc sch, mi trng sng hp v sinh hn s gim c thi

gian i ly nc ca ngi dn, t gip h dnh thi gian cho sn xut gp phn

nng cao iu kin kinh t ca gia nh.- Hn ch tnh trng bnh tt trong dn c, c bit l cc bnh c lin quan n

nc v v sinh nh thng hn, tiu chy, l, st rt, t mt ht t s gim chi

ph phi chi cho mua thuc v cha tr bnh tt.

- Hin nay ti nhiu ni nc ta ngi dn nng thn vn phi mua nc cho

n ung vi gi rt cao v chim ti 30% tng mc thu nhp ca c gia nh trong mt

nm. Do , vic thc hin Chng trnh s gip cc h gia nh cc khu vc kh

khn v nc gim chi ph cho vic mua nc v t s c iu kin u t cho pht

trin kinh t.

Hiu qu v x hi

- Gp phn nng cao cht lng sng ca ngi dn nng thn.

- Hnh thnh np sng vn minh, hp v sinh, hn ch schnh lch viu kin

sinh hot gia nng thn v th, gia cc vng nng thn vi nhau; gp phn hn


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ch s di dn t vo th v di c t do cc vng khan him nc; hn ch tnh

trng mt v sinh nghim trng ang din ra ti nhiu vng, trong c cc vng ven

bin

Hiu qu v mi trng

- Thc hin chng trnh s khc phc cbn nn nhim mi trng; bo v

cht lng cc ngun nc, c bit l khc phc c tnh trng khai thc, s dng

ba bi,gy cn kit, nhim ngun nc ngm.

- Gii quyt tnh trng nhim do phn ngi v phn gia sc gy ra gp phn

lm p cnh quan, sch ng lng, ng xm

VI.2. Tc ng tch cc ca chng trnh i vi cc chng trnh khc

Vic Chng trnh NS&VSMT thc hin tt cc mc tiu, nhim v ca mnh

s to iu kin thun li cho cc chng trnh khc nh: y t, DS KHHG, gio dc

- o to thc hin tt cc mc tiu, nhim v ra. Trm x, nh tr, lp mu

gio, trng tiu hc v trung hc cs, tr slm vic ca cc ban ngnh, on th x

hi v v cc cng trnh cng cng khc s hot ng hiu qu hn khi c nc sch

v h x hp v sinh.

VII. T CHC QUN L V IU HNH THC HINCHNG TRNH

VII.1. T chc qun l v iu hnh

Nguyn tc chung l tn dng, kin ton, sp xp li cho hp l cc t chc hin

c v cp nc sch v v sinh nng thn cc cp, c bit l n v cs, thn, bn.

Tp trung u mi ch tr, phi hp nhim v cp nc sch v mi trng nng

thn vo B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn; phn cng trch nhim r rng v c

cch phi hp tt gia cc B, ngnh v t chc x hi.

B trng B Nng nghip v Pht trin Nng thn trnh Th tng Chnh ph

ph duyt thnh phn Ban ch nhim chng trnh v Quy ch hot ng ca Ban ch

nhim. Thnh phn Ban Ch nhim chng trnh gm c:

B trng B Nng nghip v PTNT, Ch nhim.


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Th trng B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn, Ph Ch nhim thng

trc.

Th trng B Y t, Ph Ch nhim ph trch hp phn v sinh h gia nh.

Th trng B ti nguyn Mi trng, Ph Ch nhim ph trch vn ngun

nc v mi trng, trong lng ngh. Cc U vin Ban ch nhim gm c: i din cc B : B Gio dc v o to,

B Quc phng, B Ti chnh, B K hoch v u t. i din cc on th :

TW Hi Nng dn Vit Nam, TW on Thanh nin Cng sn H Ch Minh,

TW Hi ph n Vit Nam

Ban Ch nhim Chng trnh c cc chc nng v nhim v ch yu sau:

i. xut ln Chnh ph nhng thay i trong lnh vc chnh sch v php l

cho vic pht trin cp nc v v sinh nng thn.

ii. Lp k hoch, hng dn, cho thc hin Chng trnh mc tiu Quc gia.

iii. Qun l, phn b kinh ph ca Chng trnh.

iv. Phi hp vi cc B, ngnh, a phng theo di, gim st, nh gi kt qu

thc hin Chng trnh mc tiu Quc gia.

v. Tng hp bo co nh k (qu, nm) v tnh hnh thc hin Chng trnh vi

cc cquan chc nng.

Vn phng Ban ch nhim Chng trnh Mc tiu Quc gia t ti B Nng nghipv Pht trin nng thn.

Vn phng thng trc chng trnh:

L cquan gip vic Ban ch nhim Chng trnh, t ti B Nng nghip v

Pht trin nng thn.

Quy ch lm vic ca Vn phng thng trc Chng trnh do B trng B

Nng nghip v Pht trin Nng thn quyt nh.

Nhn s ca Vn phng gm c cn b chuyn trch thuc bin ch ca B

NN&PTNT, cn b kim nhim theo s tho thun, cn b hp ng c tuyn dngtheo d n.


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VII.2. Vai tr trch nhim ca cc ngnh, cc cp trong qun l v iu hnh

thc hin Chng trnh

VII.2.1. Cp trung ng

B Nng nghip v pht trin nng thnThc hin chc nng qun l nh nc c phn cng, tp trng ch yu vo

cc ni dung sau :i. Ch tr, phi hp vi cc ngnh, cc cp xut, xy dng cch chnh sch

qun l, iu hnh thc hin chng trnh trnh Chnh ph ban hnh hoc ban hnh

theo chc nng nhim v c quy nh.

ii. Xc nh mc tiu, xy dng v tng hp k hoch hng nm, 5 nm v cn

i phn b ngun lc cho cc ngnh, cc cp v cc a phng.iii. Hng dn, ph bin cc hnh thc cung cp nc m bo cht lng, cc

bin php s dng ho cht trong cng tc s nghip.

iv. Phi hp vi cc B, ngnh chc nng c lin quan trong cng tc quy

hoch, xy dng k hoch thu gom v x l cht thi ; kim tra, gim st, xut gii

php gim thiu nhim mi trng.

v. iu phi chung v Thng tin Gio duc Truyn thng

vi. Hng dn, thanh tra, kim tra thc hin Chng trnh. B Y t

Thc hin chc nng qun l nh nc v y t v sc kho, trong ch trng :

i. Hng dn, ph bin tiu chun cht lng nc sch nng thn.

ii. Hng dn, ph bin, cho cng tc v sinh v xy dng cc chng trnhv sinh cng cng, v sinh h gia nh nng thn.

iii. Qun l nh nc v cht lng nc, v v sinh c nhn, v sinh cng ng

nng thn. B K hoch u tv B Ti chnh

Thc hin cc chc nng phn b cc ngun vn, iu phi kinh ph chung viu phi cc ngun ti trbao gm c vic iu phi ngn sch nh nc hng nmcho lnh vc cp nc sch v v sinh nng thn v cho cc d n c ti tr.


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B Ti nguyn v Mi trng

Qun l nh nc v ngun nc, v mi trng lng ngh v mi trng nngthn ni chung

B Xy dng

i. QLNN v tiu chun xy dng cc cng trnh cp nc

ii. QLNN v cng tc qui hoch cc khu dn c nng thn.

B Gio dc v o to:

i. Hng dn, ph bin, o to nng cao kin thc v nc sch v v sinhtrng hc cho gio vin, hc sinh.

ii. Kim tra, gim st nh k vic xy dng cng trnh nc sch v v sinhtrng hc.

Cc B ngnh khc

i. Hng dn, b tr vn xy dng cbn xy dng cng trnh co nc v

v sinh ph hp vi nhim v ca cng trnh chuyn dng do ngnh mnh qun l.

ii. Trc tip hng dn cquan chuyn ngnh cp di thc hin y mc

tiu v CNS&VSMTNT cho cc cng trnh cng cng chuyn dng do ngnh mnh

qun l.

Cc t chc qun chng

Tham gia theo chc nng ca mnh c bit l tham gia vo cc hot ng

Thng tin Gio dc Truyn thng, huy ng cng ng tham gia tch cc xy

dng, vn hnh v qun l cc cng trnh cp nc sch v v sinh nng thn, tham gia

hot ng tn dng cho cp nc sch v v sinh nng thn. Gip ngi s dng thnh

lp cc nhm hoc cc hnh thc qun l khc qun l cc cng trnh cp nc.

VII.2.2. Cp tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ngCh tch UBND tnh, thnh ph chu trch nhim t chc trin khai thc hin

Chng trnh ti tnh; chng huy ng thm ngun lc, lng ghp cc hot ng c

lin quan ca cc chng trnh khc trn a bn cho vic thc hin cc mc tiu ca

chng trnh trn a bn tnh; bo co nh k vic thc hin cc mc tiu, nhim v

ca chng trnh trn a bn tnh/ thnh ph theo qui nh hin hnh. Chu trch nhim


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trc nh nc v vic s dng ng mc tiu v c hiu qu ngun vn ca chng

trnh, thc hin chng tham nhng v tht thot vn ca chng trnh.

Giao cho SNng nghip v Pht trin nng thn l n v thng trc gip

UBND tnh cho thc hin v qun l Chng trnh trn a bn ca tnh.

VII.2.3. Cp huyn

Ch tch UBND huyn chu trch nhim t chc trin khai thc hin Chng

trnh ti huyn. C trch nhim t chc thc hin cc mc tiu, nhim v ca chng

trnh theo cc ch tiu k hoch c UBND tnh, thnh ph giao. Thc hin ng

v y cc qui nh hin hnh ca Chnh ph v qun l u t v xy dng, v

qun l ti chnh v ngn sch, thc hin qui ch dn ch cs, cng khai ti chnh,

cng khai k hoch thc hin d n v ngun vn c giao thc hin, t chc huy

ng v s dng hp l ngun lc ti ch ca a phng cho vic thc hin cc d n

ca chng trnh.

Giao cho Phng Kinh t- K hoch l n v thng trc gip UBND huyn ch

o thc hin v qun l Chng trnh trn a bn ca huyn.

VII.2.4. Cp x

UBND x chu trch nhim t chc trin khai thc hin cc hot ng v nc

sch v v sinh mi trng ti x, phng. C cn b theo di v phi hp trin khaithc hin Chng trnh.

VIII. GIM ST NH GI TNH HNH THC HIN CHNGTRNH

Mc ch ca vic gim st, nh gi chng trnh.

T chc h thng gim st, nh gi l nhm m bo tnh khch quan trong

vic phn nh tnh hnh thc hin cc mc tiu, nhim v ca chng trnh,

Thi gian thc hin vic gim st nh gi

Vic gim st nh gi thc hin cc mc tiu v nhim v ca chng trnh

c tin hnh hng nm ti tt c cc cp.

H thng ch tiu, ch s gim st, nh gi (dng cho c 4 cp: TW,

tnh, huyn v x).


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Vcp nc sch: bao gm cc ngun nc c xc nh m bo cho n

ung v sinh hot.

+ S dn nng thn c s dng nc sch

+ T l % s dn nng thn c s dng nc sch/ dn s nng thn;+ % s ngi c s dng nchch t ging o

+ % s ngi s dng nc sch t ging khoan

+ % s ngi s dng nc my

+ % s ngi s dng cc ngun nc sch khc

Vvsinh :

+ T l % s h gia nh nng thn s dng h x hp v sinh/ tng s h gianh nng thn

+ T l (%) s nh tr, lp mu gio tp trung tp trung c cp nc hp v

sinh, s dng h x hp v sinh/ tng s nh tr tp trung, lp mu gio (ca x, huyn,

tnh, c nc)

+ T l (%) s trng tiu hc c cp nc hp v sinh v c h x hp v

sinh/ tng s trng tiu hc (ca x, huyn, tnh, c nc) ;

+ T l (%) s trng THCS c cp nc sch v c h x hp v sinh/ tngs trng THCS (ca huyn, tnh, c nc) ;

+ S trm x x c cp nc sch v c h x hp v sinh;

+ T l (%) s trm x x c cp nc sch v c h x hp v sinh (ca x,

huyn, tnh, c nc) ;

+ T l (%)s tr sUBND x c cp nc sch v c h x hp v sinh/ tng

s x (ca huyn, tnh, c nc);

+ S chc cp nc sch, s dng h x hp v sinh ;

+ T l (%) s chc cp nc sch, s dng h x hp v sinh/ tng s ch

(ca huyn, tnh, c nc);

Vmi trng:

+ S chung tri chn nui c x l cht thi m bo v sinh mi trng;


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+ T l (%) s chung tri chn nui c x l cht thi m bo v sinh mi

trng/ tng s chung tri chn nui cn phi x l.

+ S lng nghc x l cht thi m bo v sinh mi trng ;

+ T l (%) s lng nghc x l cht thi m bo v sinh mi trng/ tngs lng ngh cn phi x l.

Vvn u t:

Tng s vn u t cho vic xy dng, ci to cc cng trnh cp nc v v

sinh trong nm, chia ra:

+ Tng s vn u t t ngun ngn sch nh nc

+ Tng s vn u t t ngun h trquc t

+ Tng s vn u t ca t nhn

+ Tng s vn u t, ng gp ca dn

+ Ngun khc (ghi r).

Cch thc hin vic gim st, nh gi thc hin chng trnh

Cp x

- UBND x chu trch nhim thu thp, qun

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Chương trình mục tiêu quốc gia về Cấp nước nông thôn & Vệ sinh môi trường (2006-2010)