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The Cold War 1945-The Cold War 1945-

19911991

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Two sides of Cold War 

•  NATO – North

Atlantic Treaty

Organization

• USA, France, Great

ritain, West

Ger!any• CA"#TA$#S%CA"#TA$#S%

• Warsaw "act – &ro

So'iet co(ntries –

USS), and allco(ntries controlled

 *y the USS)+

• CO%%UN#S%

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Cold War 

• The Cold War was a ti!e after WW when

the USA and the So'iet Union were ri'als

for world infl(ence+

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 NATO – North Atlantic Treaty

Organization

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 YALTA (in the USSR) YALTA (in the USSR)Date: Feb 1945Date: Feb 1945

re!ent: Ch"r#hill$re!ent: Ch"r#hill$Roo!e%elt and StalinRoo!e%elt and Stalin

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&TSDA' (eran*)&TSDA' (eran*)Date: +"l* 1945Date: +"l* 1945

re!ent: Ch"r#hill$re!ent: Ch"r#hill$Tr"an and StalinTr"an and Stalin

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,ron C"rtain,ron C"rtain A ter "!ed b*A ter "!ed b*

Win!ton Ch"r#hillWin!ton Ch"r#hillto de!#ribe theto de!#ribe the!e.aratin/ o0!e.aratin/ o0

Tho!e #o"ni!tTho!e #o"ni!tland! o0 a!tland! o0 a!t"ro.e 0ro the"ro.e 0ro theWe!t2We!t2

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,.ro%e *o"r 3noled/e

• The Russians took very high casualties tocapture Berlin in May 1945. They spent the

early occupation trying to take over allzones of the city but ere stoppe! by"er#an !e#ocrats such as $illy Bran!tan! %onra! &!enauer. Reluctantly the

Russians ha! to a!#it the ericans'(rench an! British to their respectivezones.

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erlin Wall

• erlin is Ger!any-s ca&ital city+

• The So'iets *(ilt the wall to.ee& co!!(nists fro! esca&ing

to the A!erican sector+

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erlin Wallerlin Wall

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Wall torn down in /010+

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,.ro%e *o"r 3noled/e

• The nuclear bo#b gave erica a lea!hich as e)pecte! to last at least 5

 years. The rapi! Russian !evelop#ent ofnuclear technology' helpe! by the ork of

the *ato# spies+ as a shock.

,ignificantly' Russia hurrie!ly !eclare!ar against -apan at the beginning of

&ugust 1945 an! rushe! to a!vance into&sia to stake out a position for the postar settle#ent. This helpe! #ake both the%orean an! /ietna#ese conflicts #ore

likely.

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%arshall "lan

USA-s &lan to send food, *lan.ets, f(el to 2(ro&e to

hel& the!+ AN3 to .ee&

the! fro! t(rningco!!(nist+

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erlin *loc.ade led to erlin

Airlift

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/056 S&(tni. – first satellite

Score / for So'iets7

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First !an in s&ace

• Score8 USA – 9

• So'iets :

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Ar!strong lands on !oon7

• What is the

 &(r&ose of as&ace

 &rogra!<

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 N(clear %issiles7

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Tr"an Do#trineThe Tr"an Do#trine in

March 1940 pro#ise!that the ,& o"ld!"..ort 0ree .eo.le! ho

are re!i!tin/6#o"ni!.

This le! to contain#ent 2policy of containingco##unis# here it is.

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3o!ino Theory

Co!!(nis! s&reads li.e a disease

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=orea and >ietna!

• USA tried to contain 

co!!(nis!+ #n *oth wars,co!!(nist troo&s fo(ght

ar!ies trained and f(nded *ythe USA+

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Co!!(nists

in'aded

fro! the

north+China sent a

!illiontroo&s to

hel& reds+

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=orean War 

• After the fail(re of the &ro!ise of =oreaninde&endence *y the Allied nations, on ?(ne5, /059, co!!(nist North =orean troo&sin'aded So(th =orea+ "oorly ar!ed, the

So(th =oreans were no !atch for the North+The United Nations ordered North =orea towithdraw its troo&s+ General %acArth(r wasa&&ointed to co!!and all UN troo&s in

=orea+ After three years of fighting astale!ate, !ore than 5@,999 A!erican troo&s &erished+

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What is the United Nations<

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United Nations

• #nternational

Organization

where co(ntries

try to find

 &eacef(l

sol(tions

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United Nations

• #t has no ar!y *(t (ses troo&s fro! other

co(ntries+

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>ietna! War /0;9s:/06

• Thro(gh the =ennedy years, US

troo&s trained S+ >ietna!ese troo&s

to fight the )eds+

• After the G(lf of Ton.in

)esol(tion, (nder $?, US troo&sstarted to fight !ore+

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>ietna!, /0;1

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Belico&ters7

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 Na&al!7

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Seein/ thi! on T7 led to aSeein/ thi! on T7 led to alo!! o0 !"..ort at hoelo!! o0 !"..ort at hoe

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8i..ie ba!hin/8i..ie ba!hin/

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Bi&&iesAnti:war 

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%eanwhile+ + +

• After =orea and *efore >ietna!

got really *ad, A!erica felt theyhad a &ro*le! closer to ho!e+

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ay of "igs

• The C#A trained

and f(nded an

in'asion ofco!!(nist C(*a+

The in'asion failed,

and Castro hadso!e &owerf(l

friends7

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So'iet res&onse+

• 3on-t worry co!rade

Castro+ We got yo(r

 *ac.7

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A U s&y &lane fo(nd these !issile

silos in C(*a, /0;+

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=ennedy =hr(shche'

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"eo&le *(ilt !ore *o!* shelters+

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2nd to a crisis7

• The So'iets re!o'edthe !issiles in C(*a+

• #n eDchange, USA

 &ledged to not in'adeC(*a again+ And to

re!o'e !issiles in

T(r.ey Eright+

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Afterward

• A direct &hone

line was set (&

 *etween their

offices to

 *y&ass otherchannels+

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 No'e!*er , /0;

• $? too. the

"residency• ?F= was shot

in 3allas

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Bow did the USA try to contain

co!!(nis!<

%arshall "lan – hel&ed co(ntries

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%arshall "lan hel&ed co(ntriesecono!ically so they won-t go

red+

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Bel&ed anti:co!!(nist troo&s

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2!*argoes

• )ef(sing to

trade or aidco(ntries in

order to

 &(nish the!

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C(*a e!*argo

• Still today, the USA

has an econo!ic

e!*argo on

co!!(nist C(*a+

• Their only cars are

fro! *efore the

e!*argo7

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Castro is still ali'e7

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