diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    1/23

    V

    INSTITUTO DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIORPEDAGÓGICO PÚBLICO

     “VÍCTOR ANDRÉS BELAUNDE ”

    ESPECIALIDAD :CIENCIA,

    TECNOLOGÍA Y AMBIENTE

    MARCIA FERNÁNDEZCRUZADO

    7 ! SEMESTRE "A"

    COMPOSICIÓN #UÍMICA DLOS SERES VIVOS

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    2/23

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    3/23

    BIOELEMENTOS

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    4/23

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    5/23

    L!( !&'&&$*!( ! &'&&$*!( !-9$/!( (!$'!( &'&&$*!( 40./!(, 1)&(&$*&( &$ (&)&(!(8

    L+ +*&)+ + &(*; /!$(**0%+ 1!) 0$!( 7<&'&&$*!(, '+ 1);/*/+ *!*+'%+% %& '!( &'&&$*!(&(*+'&( 40& =+5 &$ '+ T&))+, &>/&1*! '!( -+(&(

    $!'&(8

    CONCEPTO DE BIOELEMENTOS

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    6/23

    TIPOS DE BIOELEMENTOS

    S&-?$ (0 $*&)&$/2$ &$ '+ /!$(**0/2$ %& '+(!!'9/0'+( , 5 (&-?$ (0 +0$%+$/+, '!(!&'&&$*!( (& 10&%&$ /'+(@/+)

    PRIMARIOS

    SECUNDARIOS

    OLIGOELEMENTOS

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    7/23

    BIOELEMENTOS PRIMARIOS

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    8/23

    CARBONO: T&$& '+ /+1+/%+% %&6!)+) '+)-+( /+%&$+( /+)!$!/+)!$! +/)!!'9/0'+(8 L+ %+&(*; /!$(**0%+ 1!) /+)!$!8

    IDRÓGENO: A%&;( %& (&) 0$! %&'!( /!1!$&$*&( %& '+ !'9/0'+ %&+-0+, $%(1&$(+'& 1+)+ '+ %+,6!)+ 1+)*& %& '!( &(40&'&*!( %&

    /+)!$! %& '+( !'9/0'+( !)-;$/+(8

    OÍGENO: E( 0$ &'&&$*!&'&/*)!$&-+*! 40& 1&)*& '+!*&$/2$ %& '+ &$&)-.+ &%+$*& '+

    )&(1)+/2$ +&)2/+8NITRÓGENO: P)$/1+'&$*& /!!-)01! +$! 1)&(&$*& &$ '+(1)!*&.$+(, 5+ 40& 6!)+ 1+)*& %&*!%!( '!( +$!;/%!(8 T+9$ (&=+''+$ &$ '+( +(&( $*)!-&$+%+( %&'!( ;/%!( $0/'&/!(8

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    9/23

    IOELEMENTOS SECUNDARIO

    C!1)&$ &$ + )& & !)%& H %&' 1)!*!1'+(+,1&)! 1+)*/1++$ &$1!)*+$*&( 60$/!$&(/&'0'+)&(, /!! '+/!$%0//2$ %& '!(10'(!( $&)!(!(, '+/!$*)+//2$ 0(/0'+), &'!&$*! /&'0'+) 5 '&)&-0'+/2$ %&'60$/!$+&$*!

    &$;*/!8 L!( +( +0$%+$*&((!$ &' (!%! N+, &'1!*+(! J, &' +-$&(!M-, 5 &' /+'/! C+8

    S& /'+(@/+$ &$ %!(-)01!(: '!($%(1&$(+'&( 5 '!(+)+'&(8

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    10/23

    LASIFICACIÓN DE LOS BIOELEMENTOS SECUNDARIOS

    INDISPENSAB

    LES

    VARIABLES

    E(*;$ 1)&(&$*&( &$*!%!( '!( (&)&(!(8 L!( ;(+0$%+$*&( (!$ &'(!%!, &' 1!*+(!, &'+-$&(! 5 &'

    /+'/!8 I$*&)&$&&$ '+ (.$*&(( 5 '+%&-)+%+/2$ %&'ATP, &$'+ )&1'/+/2$ %&' ADN 5 &$ (0

    &(*+'+/2$, &*/8E(*;$ 1)&(&$*&( &$+'-0$!( (&)&(!(8

    TENEMOS

    TENEMOS

    S!%!N+

    C'!)!

    C' P!*+(!

    J M+-$&(

    ! M- C+'/!

    C+ &))!

    F& Y!%! I B!)! B C!)&

    C0 B)!!

    B) F'?!) F M+$-+$

    &(! M$ S'/!

    S

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    11/23

    OLIGOELEMENTOSM/)!( /!$(**05&$*&(, ! &'&&$*!(

    &(*-+'&(, 40& +1+)&/&$ &$ '+

    +*&)+ + &$ 1)!1!)/2$ $6&)!)

    +'

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    12/23

    BIOMOLÉCULA

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    13/23

    TO DE BIOMOLÉCULAS: L+( !!'9/0'+( (!$ '+(

    !'9/0'+( /!$(**05&$*&( %&

    '!( (&)&( !(8

    L!( (&( &'&&$*!( 40./!( !

    !&'&&$*!( ;( +0$%+$*&(

    &$ '!( (&)&( !( (!$ &'

    /+)!$!, =%)2-&$!, !>.-&$!,

    $*)2-&$!, 62(6!)! 5 +06)&

    C,,O,N,P,S )&1)&(&$*+$%!

    +')&%&%!) %&' H %& '+ +(+

    %& '+ +5!).+ %& '+( /9'0'+(,

    /!$ &''!( (& /)&+$ *!%! *1!( %&

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    14/23

    P&)*&$ '+ 6!)+/2$ %& &$'+/&( /!+'&$*&( &$*)& &''!(,/!1+)*&$%! &'&/*)!$&(, %&%! + (0 1&40&+ %6&)&$/+%& &'&/*)!$&-+*%+%8 E(*!( &$'+/&( (!$ 05 &(*+'&(, '+60&)+ %& &$'+/& &( %)&/*+&$*& 1)!1!)/!$+' + '+( +(+(%& '!( ;*!!( 0$%!(8

    P&)*&$ + '!( ;*!!( %& /+)!$! '+ 1!('%+% %& 6!)+)&(40&'&*!( *)%&$(!$+'&( CCC 1+)+ 6!)+)/!10&(*!( /!$ $?&)! +)+'& %& /+)!$!(8

    P&)*&$ '+ 6!)+/2$ %& &$'+/&( ?'*1'&( %!'&( 5*)1'&( &$*)& C 5 CQ C 5 OQ C 5 N8 A(. /!! &(*)0/*0)+('$&+'&(, )+@/+%+(, /./'/+(, =&*&)!/./'/+(, &*/8

    P&)*&$ '+ 1!('%+% %& 40& /!$ 1!/!( &'&&$*!( (& %&$0$+ &$!)& +)&%+% %& -)01!( 60$/!$+'&( +'/!=!'&(,

    +'%&=.%!(, /&*!$+(, ;/%!(, +$+(, &*/8 /!$ 1)!1&%+%&(40./+( 5 6.(/+( %6&)&$*&(8

    E(*!( (&( &'&&$*!( (!$ '!( 1)$/1+'&( /!1!$&$*&(%& '+( !!'9/0'+( %&%! + 40&:

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    15/23

    CLASIFICACIÓN DE LASBIOMOLÉCULAS

    &-?$ '+ $+*0)+'&+ 40./+, '+( !!'9/0'+( (!$:

    BIOCOMPUESTOSINORGÁNICOS

    BIOCOMPUESTOS

    ORGÁNICOS

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    16/23

    S!$ !'9/0'+( 40& 1!(&&$

    *+$*! '!( (&)&( !( /!!

    '!( (&)&( $&)*&(, +0$40&

    (!$ 1)&(/$%'&( 1+)+ '+

    %+, /!! &' +-0+, '+

    !!'9/0'+ ;(

    +0$%+$*&, '!( -+(&(!>.-&$!, &*/8 5 '+( (+'&(

    $!)-;$/+(: +$!$&( /!!

    6!(6+*! PO, /+)!$+*!

    CO 5 /+*!$&( /!! &'

    COMPUESTOS INORGÁNIC

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    17/23

    S!$ ($*&*+%+( (!'+&$*& 1!)

    '!( (&)&( !( 5 *&$&$ 0$+

    &(*)0/*0)+ /!$ +(& &$ /+)!$!8

    E(*;$ /!$(**0%+(,1)$/1+'&$*&, 1!) '!(

    &'&&$*!( 40./!( /+)!$!,

    =%)2-&$! 5 !>.-&$!, 5 /!$

    6)&/0&$/+ *+9$ &(*;$1)&(&$*&( $*)2-&$!, 62(6!)! 5

    +06)&Q + &/&( (& $/!)1!)+$

    !*)!( &'&&$*!( 1&)! &$ 0/=+

    &$!) 1)!1!)/2$8

    OCOMPUESTOS ORGÁNIC

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    18/23

    GLÚCIDOS

    L!( -'?/%!( 1)!1+&$*& ''++%!( =%)+*!(%& /+)!$! ! /+)!=%)+*!(8(!$ '+ 60&$*& %& &$&)-.+ 1)+)+ 40& 0*'+$ '!(

    (&)&( !( 1+)+ )&+'+) (0( 60$/!$&( *+'&(Q '+-'0/!(+ &(*; +' 1)$/1! %& 0$+ %& '+( )0*+(&*+2'/+( 1)!%0/*!)+( %& &$&)-.+ ;( +$*-0+,'+ -'0/2'((, 0(+%+ &$ *!%!( '!( $&'&(&!'0*!(, %&(%& '+( +/*&)+( + '!( &)*&)+%!(8M0/=!( !)-+$(!(, &(1&/+'&$*& '!( &-&*+'&(

    +'-+(, 1'+$*+( +'+/&$+$ (0( )&(&)+( &$ 6!)+%& +'%2$, &$ /+! '!( +$+'&( 6!)+$ &'-'0/2-&$!, &$*)& &''!( (& %6&)&$/+ 1!) '+/+$*%+% 5 &' $?&)! %& )+@/+/!$&( %& '+-'0/!(+8A'-0$!( -'?/%!( 6!)+$ 1!)*+$*&( &(*)0/*0)+(

    &(40&'9*/+(, /!! '+ /&'0'!(+, /!$(**05&$*& %&

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    19/23

    L ÍP IDOS

    L!( '.1%!( (!$ 0$ /!$30$*! %& !'9/0'+(!)-;$/+( '+ +5!).+ !!'9/0'+( /!10&(*+(

    1)$/1+'&$*& 1!) /+)!$! & =%)2-&$! 5 &$&$!) &%%+ !>.-&$!, +0$40& *+9$ 10&%&$/!$*&$&) 62(6!)!, +06)& 5 $*)2-&$!8

    T&$&$ /!! /+)+/*&).(*/+ 1)$/1+' &' (&)=%)26!+( $(!'0'&( &$ +-0+ 5 (!'0'&(&$ %(!'&$*&( !)-;$/!( /!! '+ &$/$+,

    &' &$/&$! 5 &' /'!)!6!)!8 E$ &' 0(! /!'!40+', + '!( '.1%!( (& '&( ''++

    $/!))&/*+&$*& -)+(+(, 5+ 40& '+( -)+(+( (!$(2'! 0$ *1! %& '.1%!( 1)!/&%&$*&( %& +$+'&(8L!( '.1%!( /01'&$ 60$/!$&( %&)(+( &$'!( !)-+$(!( &$*&(, &$*)& &''+( '+ %& )&(&)+

    &$&)-9*/+ /!! '!( *)-'/9)%!(, '+ &(*)0/*0)+'

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    20/23

    PROTE ÍNAS

    L+( 1)!*&.$+( (!$ '+( !!'9/0'+( 40& ;(%&)(%+% %& 60$/!$&( )&+'+$ &$ '!( (&)&( !(Q

    1);/*/+&$*& *!%!( '!( 1)!/&(!( !'2-/!(%&1&$%&$ %& (0 1)&(&$/+ 5! +/*%+%8 S!$ 1)!*&.$+( /+( *!%+( '+( &$+(, /+*+'+%!)&(

    %& )&+//!$&( &*+2'/+( %& '+( /9'0'+(Q 0/=+(=!)!$+(, )&-0'+%!)&( %& +/*%+%&( /&'0'+)&(Q '+=&!-'!$+ 5 !*)+( !'9/0'+( /!$ 60$/!$&( %&

    *)+$(1!)*& &$ '+ (+$-)&Q +$*/0&)1!(, &$/+)-+%!(%& +//!$&( %& %&6&$(+ $+*0)+' /!$*)+ $6&//!$&( !+-&$*&( &>*)+!(Q '!( )&/&1*!)&( %& '+( /9'0'+(, +'!( /0+'&( (& @3+$ !'9/0'+( /+1+/&( %&%&(&$/+%&$+) 0$+ )&(10&(*+ %&*&)$+%+Q '+ +/*$+5 '+ !($+, )&(1!$(+'&( @$+'&( %&' +/!)*+&$*!

    %&' ?(/0'! %0)+$*& &' &(*+%! %& '+ /!$*)+//2$Q &'/!'; &$! $*& )+$*& %& @)+( +'*+&$*&

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    21/23

    ÁC IDOS NUCLE ICOS

    L!( ;/%!( $0/'&/!( (!$ !!'9/0'+( !)-;$/+(/!$(**0%+( 1!) /+)!$!, !>.-&$!, =%)2-&$!,

    $*)2-&$! 5 62(6!)!8 +5 %!( *1!( %& ;/%!($0/'&/!(: &' ;/%! )!$0/'&/! ARN 5 &' ;/%!%&(!>))!$0/'&/! ADN8

    L!( ;/%!( $0/'&/!(, ADN 5 ARN, %&(&1&+$, *+'&, '+ 60$/2$ ;( 1!)*+$*& 1+)+ '+ %+:/!$*&$&), %& +$&)+ /!%@/+%+, '+( $(*)0//!$&($&/&(+)+( 1+)+ &' %&(+))!''! 5 60$/!$+&$*! %&'+ /9'0'+8

      E' ADN *&$& '+ /+1+/%+% %& )&1'/+)(&,*)+$(*&$%! +(. %/=+( $(*)0//!$&( + '+(/9'0'+( =3+( 40& =&)&%+);$ '+ $6!)+/2$8

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    22/23

  • 8/16/2019 diaposeminarioooo2014444-140423082651-phpapp02

    23/23