Diễn từ của Tổng thống Barack Obama trước cuộc họp chung hai Viện Hoa Kỳ

8/14/2019 Din t ca Tng thng Barack Obama trc cuc hp chung hai Vin Hoa K

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Din t ca Tng thng Barack Obama trc cuc hp chunghai Vin Hoa K

Vietsciences- Phm Ton dch H Dng Tun hiu nh v ch thch 05/03/2009

(CBS) President Obama's speechto a joint session of Congress onFeb. 24, 2009, as released bythe White House.

Din t ca Tng thng Barack Obamangy th ba, 24 thng 2 nm 2009trc cuc hp chung hai Vin, nhthng bo ca Nh Trng

Madam Speaker, Mr. VicePresident, members of Congress,the First Lady of the UnitedStates -- (applause) -- she'saround here somewhere.

TNG THNG: Tha b ch tch H Vin, thaPh Tng Thng[1], tha cc ngh s, tha b nht phu nhn Hoa K (v tay) ngi u ti y.

I have come here tonight notonly to address the distinguishedmen and women in this greatchamber, but to speak franklyand directly to the men andwomen who sent us here.

Ti nay ti n hi trng cao qu ny khngch din thuyt vi qu ng b kh knh, m ni chuyn thng thn v trc din vi nhngcon ngi c chng ta ti y.

I know that for many Americanswatching right now, the state ofour economy is a concern thatrises above all others. And

rightly so. If you haven't beenpersonally affected by thisrecession, you probably knowsomeone who has -- a friend; aneighbor; a member of yourfamily. You don't need to hearanother list of statistics to knowthat our economy is in crisis,because you live it every day.It's the worry you wake up with

and the source of sleeplessnights. It's the job you thoughtyou'd retire from but now havelost; the business you built yourdreams upon that's now hangingby a thread; the collegeacceptance letter your child hadto put back in the envelope. Theimpact of this recession is real,and it is everywhere.

Ti bit rng, vi nhiu ngi M ang di theochng ta, mi quan tm nht hng ca h lc nyl tnh trng nn kinh t t nc. Nh th lchnh ng. Nu bn thn bn khng b nhhng v cuc suy thoi ny, th hn ta cng bitmt ai b dnh bn b, hng xm, ngithn. Chng cn n c mt bn thng k dimi bit rng nn kinh t nc nh ang gpkhng hong, v bn ang sng trong cuckhng hong . l ni u lo cng thc gicvi bn, v l l do ca nhng m mt ng.

l cng n vic lm tng vng n ngy v huth nay mt; l ci doanh nghip trn bn xy p nhng c m nay ang treo bngmt si ch mnh; l l th nhn con bn nhpi hc m n phi nht tr li vo trong phong

b. Tc ng ca cuc suy thoi ny l c tht,hin din khp ni.

But while our economy may beweakened and our confidenceshaken, though we are living

Nhng trong khi nn kinh t nc ta c th yui v nim tin chng ta c lung lay, cho d chngta c ang sng nhng thi khc kh khn v bt
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through difficult and uncertaintimes, tonight I want everyAmerican to know this: We willrebuild, we will recover, and theUnited States of America willemerge stronger than before.(Applause.)

nh, ti nay ti mun mi ngi M u r iuny: chng ta s xy dng li, chng ta s hi

phc, v Hp chng quc Hoa K s tri lnmnh m hn bao gi ht. (V tay)

The weight of this crisis will notdetermine the destiny of thisnation. The answers to ourproblems don't lie beyond ourreach.. They exist in ourlaboratories and our universities;in our fields and our factories; inthe imaginations of ourentrepreneurs and the pride of

the hardest-working people onEarth. Those qualities that havemade America the greatest forceof progress and prosperity inhuman history we still possess inample measure. What is requirednow is for this country to pulltogether, confront boldly thechallenges we face, and takeresponsibility for our future once

more. (Applause.)

Sc nng ca cuc khng hong ny s chngquyt nh ni s phn t nc ta. Nhng cutr li cho cc vn t ra chng nm ngoitm tay chng ta. Cu tr li nm sn trongcc phng th nghim v trong cc trng ihc ca ta, trn cnh ng v trong xng my,trong tr tng tng ca cc doanh nhn, v

trong nim t ho ca nhng con ngi lao ngct lc bc nht trn Tri t ny. Nhng phmcht tng lm cho nc M tr thnh sc mnhtin b v thnh vng nht hng trong lch scon ngi gi y chng ta vn cn d d. iuta cn lc ny l cho t nc ny tp hp li,dng cm i mt vi nhng thch thc ang tra, v mt ln na chu trch nhim vi tng laica chng ta. (V tay.)

Now, if we're honest withourselves, we'll admit that fortoo long, we have not alwaysmet these responsibilities -- as agovernment or as a people. I saythis not to lay blame or to lookbackwards, but because it is onlyby understanding how we arrivedat this moment that we'll be able

to lift ourselves out of thispredicament.

Gi y, nu trung thc vi chnh mnh, thchng ta cn tha nhn rng trong mt thi gian qu lu, khng phi lc no chng ta cng tntrng nhng trch nhim y c chnh quyn vc nhn dn u nh vy. Ti ni ra iu khng phi trch mc hoc ngoi c nhn qukh, m bi v ch khi no nhn r v sao ta liri vo tnh trng hin nay th ta mi sc vc

dy tnh hnh nguy him ny.

The fact is our economy did notfall into decline overnight. Nordid all of our problems beginwhen the housing marketcollapsed or the stock marketsank. We have known fordecades that our survivaldepends on finding new sources

of energy. Yet we import moreoil today than ever before. Thecost of health care eats up more

Thc t l khng ch qua mt m m nn kinht ca ta tt dc. Cng chng phi l mi vn rc ri ch bt u khi th trng bt ng snsp hay khi th trng chng khon ln bi.T nhiu thp nin ri, chng ta u bit rng ssng cn l thuc vo vic i tm cc ngun nnglng mi. y vy m, ngy nay chng ta nhpkhu du m nhiu hn bt k lc no trong qukh. Chi ph cho bo v sc khe ca ta cngngy cng n nhiu hn vo tin dnh minm[2], vy m chng ta c chm chn trongvic ci cch. Con em chng ta s phi tranh


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and more of our savings eachyear, yet we keep delayingreform. Our children will competefor jobs in a global economy thattoo many of our schools do notprepare them for. And though allthese challenges went unsolved,we still managed to spend moremoney and pile up more debt,both as individuals and throughour government, than everbefore.In other words, we have livedthrough an era where too oftenshort-term gains were prizedover long-term prosperity; where

we failed to look beyond the nextpayment, the next quarter, orthe next election. A surplusbecame an excuse to transferwealth to the wealthy instead ofan opportunity to invest in ourfuture. (Applause.) Regulationswere gutted for the sake of aquick profit at the expense of ahealthy market. People bought

homes they knew they couldn'tafford from banks and lenderswho pushed those bad loansanyway. And all the while, criticaldebates and difficult decisionswere put off for some other timeon some other day.

Well that day of reckoning hasarrived, and the time to take

charge of our future is here.

Now is the time to act boldly andwisely -- to not only revive thiseconomy, but to build a newfoundation for lasting prosperity.Now is the time to jumpstart jobcreation, re-start lending, andinvest in areas like energy,health care, and education that

will grow our economy, even aswe make hard choices to bringour deficit down. That is what my

nhau kim vic lm trong mt nn kinh t thgii m qu nhiu trng hc ca ta khngchun b c cho chng. V mc d tt c ccvn khng c gii quyt, chng ta c tiu tin v mc n chng cht, qua c cnhn ln chnh ph, nhiu hn bao gi.

Ni cch khc, chng ta sng mt thi qunhiu khi bc ngn cn di, coi nh s phnthnh tng lai; khi chng nhn xa hn k lngti, ba thng sau, hoc ma bu c ti. Kimc d ra th li c c chuyn tin ca chongi nhiu tin ca, thay v coi l c hi ut cho tng lai. (V tay.) Cc quy nh b moirng[3] cho php vic kim nhanh li nhun,ch khng v mt th trng lnh mnh. Ngi tamua nh mc d bit l khng sc tr, mntin t cc ngn hng v ngi cho vay, m d

sao cng sn sng khuyn khch cc mn n xuny . V trong lc th nhng cuc tho lunthit yu[4] v nhng quyt nh kh khn c bkht ln ngy ny sang ngy khc.

Th ci ngy tnh mng n ri, v y l lcnhn trch nhim i vi tng lai chng ta.

By gi l lc hnh ng qu cm v khn kho khng ch lm sng dy nn kinh t, m lto dng li mt nn tng mi cho mt s thnhvng lu bn. By gi l lc to ra nhanhnhng vic lm mi, ti khi ng vic cho vay,v u t vo nhng lnh vc nh nng lng,

bo v sc khe v gio dc thc y nnkinh t ca ta i ln, ng thi c nhng quytnh kh khn h s thm ht xung. lmc tiu chng trnh kinh t ca ti, v liu ti mun ni vi cc bn ti nay.

Chng trnh bt u vi vn cng n vic

lm. (V tay.)
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economic agenda is designed todo, and that is what I'd like totalk to you about tonight.

It's an agenda that begins withjobs. (Applause.)As soon as I took office, I askedthis Congress to send me arecovery plan by President's Daythat would put people back towork and put money in theirpockets. Not because I believe inbigger government -- I don't.Not because I'm not mindful ofthe massive debt we've inherited-- I am. I called for action

because the failure to do sowould have cost more jobs andcaused more hardship. In fact, afailure to act would haveworsened our long-term deficitby assuring weak economicgrowth for years. And that's whyI pushed for quick action. Andtonight, I am grateful that thisCongress delivered, and pleased

to say that the AmericanRecovery and Reinvestment Actis now law. (Applause.)

Over the next two years, thisplan will save or create 3.5million jobs. More than 90percent of these jobs will be inthe private sector -- jobsrebuilding our roads and bridges;

constructing wind turbines andsolar panels; laying broadbandand expanding mass transit.

Because of this plan, there areteachers who can now keep theirjobs and educate our kids.Health care professionals cancontinue caring for our sick.There are 57 police officers who

are still on the streets ofMinneapolis tonight because thisplan prevented the layoffs their

Ngay khi nhm chc, ti yu cu Quc hiny thng qua cho ti bn k hoch phc hikinh t, thi hn l vo Ngy Tng Thng[5], l k hoch y mi ngi i lm vic v emtin vo ti h. Ti yu cu iu khng phiv ti tin tng ch yu vo mt chnh quynmnh hn khng phi th. Cng khng phi vti khng bit g n mn n khng l chng ta

phi gnh tr ti bit r iu . Ti ku gihnh ng, v khng lm c ngay iu th

mt i nhiu vic lm hn v s gp thm nhiukh khn hn. Thc t l, nu ta tht bi khnglm c iu , th s thm ht di hn ca tacng trm trng hn v n khin nn kinh t phttrin chm trong nhiu nm lin. V th m tithc gic phi hnh ng mau tay. V ti nay, tixin ng li bit n Quc hi gip cho d lut"Phc hi v ti u t nc M" thnh mt blut. (V tay.)Trong hai nm ti, chng trnh ny s cho phpto ra 3,5 triu vic lm. Hn 90 phn trm

nhng vic lm s nm trong khu vc t nhn ti thit cu ng, xy dng my pht inchy bng sc gi v cc tm in nng mt tri,xy dng ng bng thng rng v m rngvn ti cng cng. Nh chng trnh ny, ccgio vin ca ta s gi c v tr lm vic vdy d con em chng ta. Cc nhn vin Y t sc th tip tc chm sc ngi bnh. Ti nay,vn c 57 nhn vin cnh st ang lm vic trnng ph Minneapolis, bi v chng trnhny ngn chn nhng sa thi m c quan ca h

nh thc hin. (V tay.)

Nh chng trnh ny, 95 phn trm cc b nitr ang lm vic nc M s c gim thu

cc bn s thy c vic ct gim ny trnbng lng ca mnh k t ngy 1 thng 4 nmnay. (V tay.)

Nh chng trnh ny, cc gia nh ang cht vttrong vic ng hc ph s c n thu 2500 $cho bn nm i hc. V nhng ngi M no (V tay) nhng ngi M no mt vic trongcuc suy thoi ny s c kh nng nhn c trcp tht nghip di hn hn cng vi s tip tc
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department was about to make.(Applause.)

Because of this plan, 95 percentof working households inAmerica will receive a tax cut --a tax cut that you will see in yourpaychecks beginning on April1st. (Applause.)

Because of this plan, familieswho are struggling to pay tuitioncosts will receive a $2,500 taxcredit for all four years ofcollege. And Americans --(applause) -- and Americans who

have lost their jobs in thisrecession will be able to receiveextended unemployment benefitsand continued health carecoverage to help them weatherthis storm. (Applause.)

Now, I know there are some inthis chamber and watching athome who are skeptical of

whether this plan will work. AndI understand that skepticism.Here in Washington, we've allseen how quickly good intentionscan turn into broken promisesand wasteful spending. And witha plan of this scale comesenormous responsibility to get itright.

bo him y t gip h vo nhng lcphong ba bo tp ny. (V tay.)

Gi y, ti bit c nhng ngi ngi trong hi

trng ny v ngi coi TiVi nh ang hoinghi lm sao chng trnh ny vn hnh c.V ti hiu c hoi nghi . y, tiWashington, chng ta u tng thy nhng tt p c th bin nhanh nh th no thnhnhng li ha ho v s lng ph. V mtchng trnh hnh ng tm c y, i i vitrch nhim thc thi ng n ht sc ln lao.

And that's why I've asked Vice

President Biden to lead a tough,unprecedented oversight effort --because nobody messes withJoe. (Applause.) I -- isn't thatright? They don't mess with you.I have told each of my Cabinet,as well as mayors and governorsacross the country, that they willbe held accountable by me andthe American people for every

dollar they spend. I've appointeda proven and aggressiveInspector General to ferret out

Chnh v th m ti yu cu Ph Tng thng

Biden ng u cng vic thanh st, mt cngcuc kh khn cha tng c, v khng ai avi Joe c. (V tay.) Ti phi th khngnh? Khng ai a c vi ng u. Ti nivi tng ngi trong chnh ph, cng ni c vicc th trng v thng c c nc, rng h

phi chu trch nhim vi c nhn ti v vinhn dn M v tng ng -la h chi ra. Ti tin c v cng nhn mt ng Tng ThanhTra rt c thnh tch v nng n, vi nhim vkhui ra nhng v lng ph v trn thu. V chng

ti cng to ra mt trang Web c tnrecovery.gov sao cho mi ngi M u nhnthy tin nong ca h chi vo vic g v chi nh


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any and all cases of waste andfraud. And we have created anew website called recovery.govso that every American can findout how and where their moneyis being spent.

So the recovery plan we passedis the first step in getting oureconomy back on track. But it isjust the first step. Because evenif we manage this planflawlessly, there will be no realrecovery unless we clean up thecredit crisis that has severelyweakened our financial system.

th no.

Nh vy l, ci chng trnh phc hi mi cthng qua l chng ng th nht a nn kinht ca chng ta vo ng ray. Nhng ch lchng ng th nht. Bi v, ngay c khi chngta qun l hon ho chng trnh ny, th cngvn cha c s phc hi thc th nu nh chngta cha xa c cuc khng hong tn dng lm suy yu nghim trng h thng ti chnhnc M.

I want to speak plainly andcandidly about this issue tonight,because every American shouldknow that it directly affects youand your family's well-being. Youshould also know that the moneyyou've deposited in banks acrossthe country is safe; your

insurance is secure; you can relyon the continued operation of ourfinancial system. That's not thesource of concern.

The concern is that if we do notrestart lending in this country,our recovery will be choked offbefore it even begins.

You see -- (applause) -- you see,the flow of credit is the lifebloodof our economy. The ability toget a loan is how you finance thepurchase of everything from ahome to a car to a collegeeducation, how stores stock theirshelves, farms buy equipment,and businesses make payroll.

But credit has stopped flowingthe way it should. Too many bad

Ti nay, ti mun ni minh bch v bc trc vvn ny, bi v mi ngi M cn phi bit riu tc ng trc tip n c nhn h v giainh h, n cuc sng hnh phc ca h. Cc

bn cng cn bit r rng ng tin cc bn ginh bng trn khp c nc vn c bo mchc chn, tin bo him ca cc bn vn anton, cc bn c th tin vo s vn hnh lin tc

ca h thng ti chnh t nc ta. khngphi l mi lo.

Vn l nu chng ta khng ti khi ng viccho vay trong c nc, th cng cuc phc hi s

b bp nght ngay trc khi n bt u.

Cc bn thy (V tay) cc bn c th thyiu , dng tn dng l ng lc ca nn kinht nc ta. Kh nng c vay chnh l cch bntrang tri vic mua sm, bt u t mua cn nh

cho n chic t cho n vic chn trng ihc, chnh l cch cc quy hng c hng hotrng by, cch cc trang tri sm thit b, v ccdoanh nghip tr lng cho nhn vin.

Nhng, tn dng khng cn i ng ngphi i. C qu nhiu khon n xu t cuckhng hong mua nh tm c ng ivo s sch k ton ca qu nhiu ngn hng. Vvi bao nhiu l mn n v vi rt t lng tin, ccngn hng ny t y s khip va chng dm

cho vay ti cc gia nh, cc doanh nghip, thmch cho ngn hng khc vay cng khng dm. Vkhi khng c vay, cc gia nh khng c kh


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loans from the housing crisishave made their way onto thebooks of too many banks. Andwith so much debt and so littleconfidence, these banks are nowfearful of lending out any moremoney to households, tobusinesses, or even to eachother. And when there is nolending, families can't afford tobuy homes or cars. Sobusinesses are forced to makelayoffs. Our economy sufferseven more, and credit dries upeven further.

nng mua nh hoc mua xe. V cc doanhnghip b buc phi sa thi nhn vn. Nn kinht ca ta cng khn n hn, v tn dng licng gim mnh na.

That is why this administration ismoving swiftly and aggressivelyto break this destructive cycle, torestore confidence, and restartlending..And we will do so in severalways. First, we are creating anew lending fund that representsthe largest effort ever to help

provide auto loans, college loans,and small business loans to theconsumers and entrepreneurswho keep this economy running.(Applause.)

Chnh v th m ni cc ny ang nhanh chngv quyt lit ph tan ci vng trn hy dit xy dng li lng tin v ti trin khai vic chovay tn dng.

V chng ta s lm chuyn bng nhiu cch.Trc ht, chng ta lp ra mt Qu cho vay mi,mt n lc to ln cha tng c, gip vo victip tc cho vay mua t, cho vay i hc ihc, cho vay ti cc doanh nghip nh, cho vayti nhng ngi tiu dng v nhng doanh nhnang duy tr cho nn kinh t ny tip tc vnhnh. (V tay.)

Second -- second, we havelaunched a housing plan that willhelp responsible families facingthe threat of foreclosure lowertheir monthly payments and

refinance their mortgages. It's aplan that won't help speculatorsor that neighbor down the streetwho bought a house he couldnever hope to afford, but it willhelp millions of Americans whoare struggling with declininghome values -- Americans whowill now be able to takeadvantage of the lower interest

rates that this plan has alreadyhelped to bring about. In fact,the average family who

Th hai l th hai, chng ta tung ra mtchng trnh nh , s gip cho cc gia nhc tinh thn trch nhim m ang gp nguy cmt nh bng cch h thp tin tr gp mi thngv lm li hp ng th chp nh[6]. y l mt

chng trnh khng h tr cho nhng tay u choc ng b hng xm no nh mua nh mkhng c kh nng tr gp, nhng n s gip hng triu ngi M ang vt ln vi vic gi trngi nh mua tr gp ca h b st nhngngi M y c th hng li t li sut thphn do chng trnh ny em li. Trn thc t, l vic trung bnh mi gia nh hin nay hngnm c th tit kim c ti 2000$ trong victr gp ca mnh. (V tay.)

Th ba l, chng ta s hnh ng vi ton b scmnh chnh quyn lin bang m bo l ccngn hng ln m mi ngi M u ph thuc


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refinances today can save nearly$2,000 per year on theirmortgage. (Applause.)

Third, we will act with the fullforce of the federal governmentto ensure that the major banksthat Americans depend on haveenough confidence and enoughmoney to lend even in moredifficult times. And when welearn that a major bank hasserious problems, we will holdaccountable those responsible,force the necessary adjustments,provide the support to clean up

their balance sheets, and assurethe continuity of a strong, viableinstitution that can serve ourpeople and our economy.

vo s c tin cy v c tin cho vay, ngayc vo nhng lc kh khn nht. V khi bit nh

bng no gp kh khn nghim trng, chng tas bt buc cc trch nhim ca h phi giitrnh, buc h c nhng iu chnh cn thit, toch da cho s thng bng thu chi, bo m mtc quan mnh v c sc sng phc v mingi v nn kinh t nc nh.

I understand that on any givenday, Wall Street may be morecomforted by an approach thatgives bank bailouts with nostrings attached, and that holdsnobody accountable for their

reckless decisions. But such anapproach won't solve theproblem. And our goal is toquicken the day when we restartlending to the American peopleand American business, and endthis crisis once and for all.

And I intend to hold these banksfully accountable for the

assistance they receive, and thistime, they will have to clearlydemonstrate how taxpayerdollars result in more lending forthe American taxpayer.(Applause.) This time -- thistime, CEOs won't be able to usetaxpayer money to pad theirpaychecks, or buy fancy drapes,or disappear on a private jet.

Those days are over. (Applause.)

Ti bit rng bt c lc no cng c th thomn Wall Street bng mt tip cn cu nguycho ngn hng m khng t iu kin rng

buc, v khng xc nh ai l k chu trchnhim v nhng quyt nh liu lnh. Nhngcch lm s khng gii quyt c vn . Vmc tiu ca chng ta l i ti nhanh nht ngychng ta li sn sng cho ngi dn v cc doanhnghip M vay tn dng, v chm dt vnh vincuc khng hong ny.

V ti mun cc ngn hng ny phi hon tonchu trch nhim v s gip h c nhn, vln ny th h phi chng t mt cch r rng

ng tin ca ngi ng thu M em li thmtn dng cho ngi ng thu M nh th no.(V tay.) Ln ny ln ny, cc gim c iuhnh khng cn c c hi dng tin ca nging thu t tng lng, hay mua sm quno hoa m, hoc mt tm trong chic my bay

phn lc ca ring. Nhng ngy qua ri.(V tay.)

Still, this plan will requiresignificant resources from the

Th nhng, chng trnh cn n nhng tinguyn ln cachnh quyn lin bang v ng


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federal government -- and, yes,probably more than we'vealready set aside. But while thecost of action will be great, I canassure you that the cost ofinaction will be far greater, for itcould result in an economy thatsputters along for not months oryears, but perhaps a decade.That would be worse for ourdeficit, worse for business, worsefor you, and worse for the nextgeneration. And I refuse to letthat happen. (Applause.)

Now, I understand that when the

last administration asked thisCongress to provide assistancefor struggling banks, Democratsand Republicans alike wereinfuriated by themismanagement and the resultsthat followed. So were theAmerican taxpayers. So was I.So I know how unpopular it is tobe seen as helping banks right

now, especially when everyone issuffering in part from their baddecisions. I promise you -- I getit.

th, c th l cao hn nhng g chng ta dnhcho n. Nhng nu ci gi ca hnh ng c rt

cao, th ti xin bo m vi cc bn rng ci gica th ng cn cao hn hn, v hu qu ca thng c th l mt nn kinh t ln n khng

phi trong nhiu thng hay dm nm, m c ltrong c mt thp nin. Nh th s thm ht cachng ta s xu hn, tnh hnh cc doanh nghips xu hn, xu hn cho chnh cc bn, v xuhn cho th h sau. V ti t chi chuyn xy ra. (V tay.)

Gi y ti hiu v sao khi chnh quyn trc xinQuc hi h tr cho cc nh bng ang giy da,th c cc ng Dn ch ln Cng ha u ni cnthnh n trc s qun l ti t ln nhng huqu ko theo. Nhng ngi ng thu M cngtc gin nh vy. Bn thn ti cng th. Do ti bit, b coi l ang gip cc ngn hng volc ny th chng c lng dn, nht l khi ttc mi ngi ai ai cng au kh mt phn vnhng quyt nh sai lm ca h. Ti ha vi cc

bn Ti hiu.

But I also know that in a time ofcrisis, we cannot afford to governout of anger, or yield to thepolitics of the moment.(Applause.) My job -- our job --is to solve the problem. Our job

is to govern with a sense ofresponsibility. I will not send -- Iwill not spend a single penny forthe purpose of rewarding a singleWall Street executive, but I willdo whatever it takes to help thesmall business that can't pay itsworkers, or the family that hassaved and still can't get amortgage. (Applause.)

That's what this is about. It's notabout helping banks -- it's about

Nhng ti cng bit rng, trong thi khnghong, chng ta khng th iu hnh chnhquyn theo s ni gin, hay theo nhng gii

php tnh hung. (V tay.) Cng vic ca ti cng vic ca chng ta l gii quyt vn .

Nhim v ca chng ta l cai qun t nc vitinh thn trch nhim. Ti s khng chi mt xu ban thng cho mt nh iu hnh ca WallStreet, nhng ti s lm mi iu c th gip cc doanh nghip nh ang khng tr lngc cho ngi lm, hoc gip ci gia nhc tin tit kim m li khng sc mn tinmua nh. (V tay.)

Vn l . Khng phi l gip cc ngnhng m l gip mi ngi. (V tay.)Khng phi l chuyn gip cc nh bng m

l gip nhn dn. Bi v khi nhn dn li nhnc tn dng, th c gia nh v chng tr kiacui cng s mua c nh mi. Th ri, c


10/51

helping people. (Applause.) It'snot about helping banks; it'sabout helping people. Becausewhen credit is available again,that young family can finally buya new home. And then somecompany will hire workers tobuild it. And then those workerswill have money to spend. And ifthey can get a loan, too, maybethey'll finally buy that car, oropen their own business.Investors will return to themarket, and American familieswill see their retirement securedonce more. Slowly, but surely,

confidence will return, and oureconomy will recover.(Applause.)

nhng doanh nghip s li tuyn ngi xy nh.Th ri, nhng ngi lao ng mi li c tinchi tiu. V khi h nhn c mt khon tndng, c th h s mua ci xe t , hoc mmt doanh nghip mi. Cc nh u t s quayli th trng, v cc gia nh M s thy cucsng v hu ca h li c bo m. Chm,nhng chc, nim tin s tr li, v nn kinh tnc ta s phc hi. (V tay.)

So I ask this Congress to join mein doing whatever provesnecessary. Because we cannotconsign our nation to an open-ended recession. And to ensurethat a crisis of this magnitudenever happens again, I ask

Congress to move quickly onlegislation that will finally reformour outdated regulatory system.(Applause.) It is time -- it is timeto put in place tough, newcommon-sense rules of the roadso that our financial marketrewards drive and innovation,and punishes short-cuts andabuse.

The recovery plan and thefinancial stability plan are theimmediate steps we're taking torevive our economy in the shortterm. But the only way to fullyrestore America's economicstrength is to make the long-term investments that will leadto new jobs, new industries, and

a renewed ability to competewith the rest of the world. Theonly way this century will be

Ti mong mun Quc hi ny cng ti lm miiu cn thit. V chng ta khng th ph mct nc ny cho mt cuc suy thoi khng bit

bao gi chm dt. V canh chng cho cucsuy thoi rng ln nh ln ny s khng ti xuthin, ti ngh Quc hi hnh ng nhanhchng thng qua o lut trnh nhm ci

cch h thng iu tit li thi. (V tay.) n lc n lc t ra nhng quy nh hotng mi nghim ngt v hp l phi cho thtrng ti chnh ca ta thng cng s nng nv sng to, v trng tr nhng tr i tt v lmdng.

Chng trnh hi phc kinh t v chng trnhbnh n ti chnh l nhng gii php tc thi khi dy nn kinh t trong ngn hn. Nhng

phng thc duy nht hi phc hon ton sc

mnh kinh t nc M l cng cuc u t dihn, s dn ti nhng cng n vic lm mi,nhng cng nghip mi, v kh nng cnh tranhmi vi th gii. Phng cch duy nht sao choth k ny s l mt th k M na l cui cngchng ta phi ng u vi ci gi phi tr v

ph thuc vo du la, vi chi ph bo v sckhe qu cao; vi nhng nh trng khngchun b y cho con em, v c ni n nnchng phi tha k. l trch nhim ca chngta.


11/51

another American century is ifwe confront at last the price ofour dependence on oil and thehigh cost of health care; theschools that aren't preparing ourchildren and the mountain ofdebt they stand to inherit. Thatis our responsibility.In the next few days, I willsubmit a budget to Congress. Sooften, we've come to view thesedocuments as simply numbers ona page or a laundry list ofprograms. I see this documentdifferently. I see it as a vision forAmerica -- as a blueprint for our

future.

My budget does not attempt tosolve every problem or addressevery issue. It reflects the starkreality of what we've inherited --a trillion-dollar deficit, a financialcrisis, and a costly recession.

Given these realities, everyone in

this chamber -- Democrats andRepublicans -- will have tosacrifice some worthy prioritiesfor which there are no dollars.And that includes me.

But that does not mean we canafford to ignore our long-termchallenges. I reject the view thatsays our problems will simply

take care of themselves; thatsays government has no role inlaying the foundation for ourcommon prosperity.

For history tells a different story.History reminds us that at everymoment of economic upheavaland transformation, this nationhas responded with bold action

and big ideas. In the midst ofcivil war, we laid railroad tracksfrom one coast to another that

Trong vi ngy ti, ti s trnh ngn sch lnQuc hi. Rt nhiu khi, chng ta coi nhng tiliu ch n gin nh nhng con s trn mttrang giy hoc mt bn ghi nh lng cng[7]cc chng trnh. Ti c cch nhn khc vi tiliu ny. Ti thy nh mt vin kin v ncM nh mt khun mu cho tng lai chngta.

Ngn sch ca ti khng nh gii quyt mi vn hoc x l tng cu hi. N phn nh ci thcti trn tri m chng ta tha k mt nghn t-la thm ht, mt cuc khng hong ti chnh,cuc suy thoi qu t gi.

Vi thc ti nh vy, tt c mi ngi trong hitrng ny c Dn ch ln Cng ha s phihy sinh mt s u tin xng ng c hngch v khng cn tin cho nhng chuyn na.

C ti cng khng loi tr.

Nhng iu khng c ngha l chng ta cquyn nhm mt lm ng nhng thch thc dihn. Ti bc b ci kin cho rng cc vn kh khn ri t chng s c gii quyt, ngin vy thi; rng chnh ph chng c s mnhg trong vic t nn mng cho s thnh vngchung ca t nc.

V Lch s k cho ta mt cu chuyn khc. Lch

s nhc chng ta rng ti mi thi im o lnv bin i kinh t, t nc ny u p li

bng nhng hnh ng mnh lit v bng nhngt tng ln lao. Gia thi ni chin, chng ta t nhng thanh ray ng xe la ni b idng bn ny qua b i dng bn kia thcy thng mi v cng nghip. Gia thi botp cch mng cng nghip xut hin h thngtrng trung hc cng lp, chng chun b cccng dn nc ta cho mt thi i mi. Tiptheo sau thi k Th chin v suy thoi kinh t,o lut v Binh s M (GI Bill)[8] a cc mt th h vo i hc v to ra tng lptrung lu to ln u tin ca lch s. (V tay.) V
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spurred commerce and industry.From the turmoil of the IndustrialRevolution came a system ofpublic high schools that preparedour citizens for a new age. In thewake of war and depression, theGI Bill sent a generation tocollege and created the largestmiddle class in history.(Applause.) And a twilightstruggle for freedom led to anation of highways, an Americanon the moon, and an explosion oftechnology that still shapes ourworld.

mt cuc u tranh cho t do vo bui tranh titranh sng a mt quc gia tr thnh mt tnc chng cht nhng con l giao thng, mtnc M ln mt trng, v mt cuc bng ncng ngh ang nho nn su sc th gii ny.

In each case, government didn'tsupplant private enterprise; itcatalyzed private enterprise. Itcreated the conditions forthousands of entrepreneurs andnew businesses to adapt and tothrive.

We are a nation that has seenpromise amid peril, and claimed

opportunity from ordeal. Now wemust be that nation again. Thatis why, even as it cuts back onprograms we don't need, thebudget I submit will invest in thethree areas that are absolutelycritical to our economic future:energy, health care, andeducation. (Applause.)

Trong mi trng hp k trn, chnh ph khngbao gi lm thay doanh nghip t nhn, n chlm xc tc cho doanh nghip t nhn thi. Nto ra cc iu kin cho hng ngn doanh nhnv doanh nghip mi thch nghi c vi tnhhnh v lm n thnh vng.

Chng ta l mt quc gia tng thy nhng hahn gia nhng lc nguy kch, v chng ta xc

nh c hi trong th thch. Gi y, chng tacn tr li lm ci quc gia nh th. Chnh v vym, ngay c khi ct b nhng chng trnhchng ta khng thy cn, th ci ngn sch ti trnh s u t vo ba lnh vc tuyt i cn thitcho tng lai kinh t nc ta: nng lng, chmsc sc khe v gio dc. (V tay.)

It begins with energy.

We know the country thatharnesses the power of clean,renewable energy will lead the21st century. And yet, it is Chinathat has launched the largesteffort in history to make theireconomy energy-efficient. Weinvented solar technology, butwe've fallen behind countries like

Germany and Japan in producingit. New plug-in hybrids roll offour assembly lines, but they will

Ngn sch bt u vi nng lng.

Chng ta bit rng nhng nc no khai thc scmnh ca nng lng sch v ti to s l nhngnc i u th k 21. y vy m chnh TrungHoa khi ng c gng ln nht trong lch s xy dng cho h nn kinh t dng nng lngmt cch hu hiu[9]. Chng ta pht minh ra kthut ng dng nng lng mt tri, nhngchng ta li chm chn hn cc nc nh c v

Nht Bn trong vic sn xut nng lng ny.Cc dy chuyn sn xut ca M cho ra i

nhng xe hi na xng na in , nhng chngli chy bng cc bnh c-quy sn xut ti Hn


13/51

run on batteries made in Korea.

Well, I do not accept a futurewhere the jobs and industries oftomorrow take root beyond ourborders -- and I know you don't,either. It is time for America tolead again. (Applause.)

Quc.

Vng, ti khng chp nhn ci tng lai khi cc vic lm v nn cng nghip tng lai li btr bn ngoi bin gii nc M v ti bit cc

bn cng th. ti lc nc M ly li vai trlnh o. (V tay.)

Thanks to our recovery plan, wewill double this nation's supply ofrenewable energy in the nextthree years. We've also madethe largest investment in basicresearch funding in Americanhistory -- an investment that willspur not only new discoveries in

energy, but breakthroughs inmedicine and science andtechnology.

We will soon lay down thousandsof miles of power lines that cancarry new energy to cities andtowns across this country. Andwe will put Americans to workmaking our homes and buildings

more efficient so that we cansave billions of dollars on ourenergy bills.

But to truly transform oureconomy, to protect our security,and save our planet from theravages of climate change, weneed to ultimately make clean,renewable energy the profitable

kind of energy. So I ask thisCongress to send me legislationthat places a market-based capon carbon pollution and drivesthe production of morerenewable energy in America.That's what we need. (Applause.)And to support -- to support thatinnovation, we will invest $15billion a year to develop

technologies like wind power andsolar power, advanced biofuels,clean coal, and more efficient

Nh k hoch hi phc ca chng ta m trongvng ba nm ti chng ta s tng gp i nguncung cp nng lng ti to[10]. Chng ta cng u t nhiu nht trong lch s nc M vonghin cu c bn mt s u t khng nhngs thc y nhng khm ph mi trong a htnng lng, m cn gy t ph trong Y hc,trong khoa hc v cng ngh.

Chng ta s nhanh chng xy dng hng ngncy s ng truyn in sc truyn ti mtloi nng lng mi v cc th ph v thnh

ph[11]khp c nc. V chng ta s bt tay laong nh ca v cao c tr nn hu hiu hnna, khin cho hng t -la s c tit kimtrn cc ha n thanh ton in.

Nhng mun thay i thc s nn kinh t ncnh, mun bo v nn an ninh nc nh, v

mun cu vn hnh tinh ny khi tn ph cathay i kh hu, chng ta cui cng s cn nnng lng sch v ti to c li nhun. V vy,ti ngh Quc hi ny hy gi cho ti mt dn lut da trn th trng quy nh mc trnkh thi carbonic gy nhim v to ng lccho vic sn xut nhiu nng lng ti to hnna trn t M. l iu chng ta cn. (Vtay.) V cng xin Quc hi ng h ng hsng kin , chng ta s u t mi nm 15 t-la pht trin cc cng ngh nh nng

lng gi v nng lng mt tri, cc cht tt sinh hc, than sch, xe nh v xe ti hu hiuhn sn xut ngay trn t M ny. (V tay.)
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14/51

cars and trucks built right here inAmerica. (Applause.)Speaking of our auto industry,everyone recognizes that yearsof bad decision-making and aglobal recession have pushed ourautomakers to the brink. Weshould not, and will not, protectthem from their own badpractices. But we are committedto the goal of a retooled,reimagined auto industry thatcan compete and win. Millions ofjobs depend on it. Scores ofcommunities depend on it. And Ibelieve the nation that invented

the automobile cannot walk awayfrom it. (Applause.)

None of this will come withoutcost, nor will it be easy. But thisis America. We don't do what'seasy. We do what's necessary tomove this country forward.

And for that same reason, we

must also address the crushingcost of health care.

This is a cost that now causes abankruptcy in America every 30seconds. By the end of the year,it could cause 1.5 millionAmericans to lose their homes.In the last eight years, premiumshave grown four times faster

than wages. And in each of theseyears, 1 million more Americanshave lost their health insurance.It is one of the major reasonswhy small businesses close theirdoors and corporations ship jobsoverseas. And it's one of thelargest and fastest-growing partsof our budget.

Given these facts, we can nolonger afford to put health carereform on hold. We can't afford

ni v nn cng nghip sn xut t ca ta,ai cng thy bao nhiu nm ra quyt nh sai triv mt cuc suy thoi ton cu y ngnh snxut ny ti b vc. Chng ta khng nn v s

khng lm ci vic bo h nhng thi quen xuca ngnh ny. Nhng chng ta ang tn tmcho mc tiu sng to li mt nn cng nghip t vi cng c sn xut c hin o ho, mtnn cng nghip t sc ganh ua v thngcuc. Hng triu cng n vic lm ty thuc vocng cuc ny. Bao nhiu l cng ng l thucvo cng cuc ny. V ti tin rng ci quc gia pht minh ra t chc l khng th b ri n.(V tay.)

Khng c g trong ton b nhng iu ccho khng, cng chng c g d dng. Nhngy l nc M. Chng ta khng lm nhngchuyn d di. Chng ta lm nhng g cn thit tin ln.

V cng v l do , chng ta cng phi x lvic chm sc sc khe vi gi qu cao.

l ci gi m by gi c 30 giy li to ra

mt cuc ph sn. n cui nm, c th c 1,5triu ngi M mt nh. Tri tm nm va ri,chi cho bo him tng gp bn ln tng lng.V trong tng nm y, hn 1 triu ngi M bmt bo him y t. l mt trong nhng l dochnh cc doanh nghip nh phi ng ca vcc tp on xoay ra thu mn nhn cng ncngoi. V l mt trong nhng phn to nht vtng trng mnh nht trong ngn sch nc ta.

Vi nhng iu nh th, chng ta khng th no

cn sc chn ch ci cch cng vic chmsc sc khe. Chng ta khng sc lm nhth. n lc ri. (V tay.)


15/51

to do it. It's time. (Applause.)Already, we've done more toadvance the cause of health carereform in the last 30 days thanwe've done in the last decade.When it was days old, thisCongress passed a law to provideand protect health insurance for11 million American childrenwhose parents work full-time.(Applause.) Our recovery planwill invest in electronic healthrecords and new technology thatwill reduce errors, bring downcosts, ensure privacy, and savelives. It will launch a new effort

to conquer a disease that hastouched the life of nearly everyAmerican, including me, byseeking a cure for cancer in ourtime. (Applause.) And -- and itmakes the largest investmentever in preventive care, becausethat's one of the best ways tokeep our people healthy and ourcosts under control.

This budget builds on thesereforms. It includes a historiccommitment to comprehensivehealth care reform -- a downpayment on the principle that wemust have quality, affordablehealth care for every American.(Applause.) It's a commitment --it's a commitment that's paid for

in part by efficiencies in oursystem that are long overdue.And it's a step we must take ifwe hope to bring down ourdeficit in the years to come.

Chng ta lm ri y, trong 30 ngy va qua,chng ta thc y cng vic ci cch s chmsc sc khe hn c nhng g lm trong cmi nm qua. nhiu ngy ri, Quc hi ny thng qua o lut bo him y t cho 11 triutr em c cha m lm vic c ngy. (V tay.)Chng trnh phc hi s u t vo ngnh int phc v y t v vo cc cng ngh mi cho

php gim thiu nhng sai st, h thp chi ph,bo m i t con ngi, v cu sng cc sinhmng. Chng trnh s lm na chinthng mt cn bnh c nh hng n cuc ica hu ht mi ngi M, k c ti, l tmcch cha tr cn bnh ung th ngay trong thigian ny. (V tay.) V v trong cng trnhny, cn chi tiu rt ln vo cng cuc phng

bnh, v l mt trong nhng cch tt nht gi cho ngi dn nc ta mnh khe m likim sot c chi ph.

Ngn sch ny c xy dng trn nhng ci

cch . N bao gm s dn thn c tm lch svo vic ci cch ton din nn y t mt s hthp chi ph da trn nguyn tc phi c cc

phng tin chm sc va c cht lng vatrong tm tay ca mi ngi M. (V tay.) yl mt s cam kt mt s cam kt c tr limt phn bng nhng hiu qu ng l phi c tlu trong h thng ca chng ta. V l mt

bc i chng ta phi theo nu chng ta mun hthp s thm ht trong nhng nm sp ti.

Now, there will be many differentopinions and ideas about how toachieve reform, and that's whyI'm bringing together businessesand workers, doctors and health

care providers, Democrats andRepublicans to begin work onthis issue next week.

Vng, s c nhiu kin v tng khc nhauv cch thc hin cuc ci cch, v v th m tiang lm cho cc doanh nghip v cng nhn,cc thy thuc cng cc nh cung ng phngtin y t, nhng ngi ca Dn ch v Cng ha,cng nhau ngi li tm ra gii php cho vn ny, v lm ngay vo tun ti.

Ti khng h c o tng l mt tin trnh d


16/51

I suffer no illusions that this willbe an easy process. Once again,it will be hard. But I also knowthat nearly a century after TeddyRoosevelt first called for reform,the cost of our health care hasweighed down our economy andour conscience long enough. Solet there be no doubt: Healthcare reform cannot wait, it mustnot wait, and it will not waitanother year. (Applause.)

The third challenge we mustaddress is the urgent need to

expand the promise of educationin America.

In a global economy where themost valuable skill you can sell isyour knowledge, a goodeducation is no longer just apathway to opportunity -- it is aprerequisite.Right now, three-quarters of the

fastest-growing occupationsrequire more than a high schooldiploma. And yet, just over halfof our citizens have that level ofeducation. We have one of thehighest high school dropout ratesof any industrialized nation. Andhalf of the students who begincollege never finish.

This is a prescription foreconomic decline, because weknow the countries that out-teach us today will out-competeus tomorrow. That is why it willbe the goal of this administrationto ensure that every child hasaccess to a complete andcompetitive education -- fromthe day they are born to the day

they begin a career. (Applause.)That is a promise we have tomake to the children of America.

dng. Mt ln na, phi ni, n s l kh khn.Nhng ti cng bit rng mt th k sau khiTeddy Roosevelt ln u ku gi ci cch, chi

ph cho y t t lu ri nng ln nn kinh tv lng tm chng ta. Vy th chng cn g

hoi nghi na: ci cch y t l cng vic khngchn ch c, khng ch i na, cng khngi thm mt nm na. (V tay.)

Thch thc th ba chng ta phi x l l nhu cucp bch m rng trin vng v gio dc ncM.

Trong mt nn kinh t ton cu ha khi kh nngqu gi nht chng ta c th bn l tri thc, thmt trnh gio dc tt khng ch l mt con

ng m ra mi c hi, m l iu kin tinquyt.

Gi y, ba phn t ca rt nhiu ngnh nghpht trin nhanh nht i hi nhiu hn l mttrnh hc vn trung hc. Th nhng, ch hnmt na ng bo ta c trnh . Chng ta lnc c t l b hc trung hc cao hn ctrong cc nc cng nghip ha. V mt nasinh vin i hc ca ta khng bao gi hc ht

bc i hc.

y l mt n thuc cho cuc suy thoi kinh t,v chng ta bit rng nhng nc by gi angdy hc gii hn chng ta th ngy mai c th licnh tranh gii hn chng ta. V l do mmc tiu ca chnh ph ny l lo sao cho mi emnh phi c tip cn mt nn gio dc tondin v khng km ai tnh t ngy em ra icho ti ngy em bt u vo ngh. (V tay.) l mt li ha ca chng ta vi cc em nh ca

nc M. (V tay.)


17/51

(Applause.)Already, we've made an historicinvestment in education throughthe economic recovery plan..We've dramatically expandedearly childhood education andwill continue to improve itsquality, because we know thatthe most formative learningcomes in those first years of life.We've made college affordablefor nearly seven million morestudents -- seven million.(Applause.) And we haveprovided the resources necessaryto prevent painful cuts and

teacher layoffs that would setback our children's progress.

But we know that our schoolsdon't just need more resources.They need more reform.(Applause.) That is why thisbudget creates new teachers --new incentives for teacherperformance; pathways for

advancement, and rewards forsuccess. We'll invest ininnovative programs that arealready helping schools meethigh standards and closeachievement gaps. And we willexpand our commitment tocharter schools. (Applause.)

Hin chng ta khi ng mt chng trnhgio dc c tm lch s thng qua chng trnh

phc hi kinh t. Chng ta m rng rt honhtrng chng trnh gio dc Nh tr-Mu gio vtng cng cht lng cho n, bi v chng ta

bit rng vic hc tp hnh thnh nhn cch lmnh nht trong nhngnm u i ngi.Chng ta cng lm cho c thm gn by triusinh vin vo c i hc by triu. (Vtay.) V chng ta cng cung cp ti nguyn cn

thit trnh khi nhng v ct gim au lngv nhng v sa thi gio vin, iu cn tr bctin b ca con em ta.

Nhng chng ta bit rng nh trng ca takhng ch cn thm ngun lc. Cn cn nhiuci cch na. (V tay) V th, ngn sch ny lmtng s gio vin c nhng bin php kchthch cho nh gio hiu qu hn, m ra nhiu conng tin thn, v em li phn thng chonhng thnh cng. Chng ta s u t vo nhng

chng trnh sng to ang sn sng gip cc trng hc p ng nhng chun mc cao vkhp li nhng thiu st cha t mc ch. Vchng ta s m rng nhng cam kt ny ti cctrng-t-theo-quy-nh[12]. (V tay.)

It is our responsibility aslawmakers and as educators tomake this system work. But it isthe responsibility of every citizento participate in it. So tonight, Iask every American to commit toat least one year or more ofhigher education or careertraining. This can be communitycollege or a four-year school;

vocational training or anapprenticeship. But whatever thetraining may be, every American

Trch nhim ca chng ta trn t cch nh lpphp v nh gio dc l lm sao cho h thngny vn hnh. Nhng cng cn l trch nhimtham gia ca mi cng dn na. Nn chi ti nayti yu cu tt c mi ngi M hy i hc thmt nht mt nm ti i hc hoc ti mt trngdy ngh. c th l tham gia vo mt i hccng ng[13], hoc mt i hc cp 4 nm, theomt kho chuyn hay mt kho tu nghip.

Nhng bt k theo phng thc o to no, mingi M cn c mt trnh cao hn trung

hc[14]. V vic b hc d chng bc trung hcs khng cn l mt la chn na. B hc khng

phi ch l t b chnh mnh, l t b t nc
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18/51

will need to get more than a highschool diploma. And dropping outof high school is no longer anoption. It's not just quitting onyourself, it's quitting on yourcountry -- and this country needsand values the talents of everyAmerican. (Applause.) That'swhy we will support -- we willprovide the support necessaryfor all young Americans tocomplete college and meet a newgoal: By 2020, America will onceagain have the highestproportion of college graduatesin the world. That's is a goal we

can meet. (Applause.) That's agoal we can meet.

ny khi t nc ang cn cc gi tr v tinng ca tt c mi ngi M. (V tay) Chnh vth m chng ta s h tr s cung cp s htr cn thit cho tt c thanh thiu nin Mc hc cho ht hai nm i hc, v p ngmt mc tiu mi: t nay n nm 2020 Hoa Ks li c t l sinh vin tt nghip i hc caonht th gii. l mt mc tiu chng ta c thp ng c. (V tay.) l mt mc tiuchng ta c th p ng c.

Now, I know that the price oftuition is higher than ever, whichis why if you are willing tovolunteer in your neighborhoodor give back to your communityor serve your country, we willmake sure that you can afford ahigher education. (Applause.)

And to encourage a renewedspirit of national service for thisand future generations, I askCongress to send me thebipartisan legislation that bearsthe name of Senator Orrin Hatch,as well as an American who hasnever stopped asking what hecan do for his country -- SenatorEdward Kennedy. (Applause.)

These education policies willopen the doors of opportunity forour children. But it is up to us toensure they walk through them.In the end, there is no programor policy that can substitute for aparent -- for a mother or fatherwho will attend thoseparent/teacher conferences, or

help with homework, or turn offthe TV, put away the videogames, read to their child.

Gi y, ti bit rng chi ph cho chuyn hchnh cao hn bao gi ht, v vy, khi cc bn c nh hot ng khng n lng trong khu xmging, hoc trong tnh mnh, hoc cho nhnc, xin bo m l khi tr v cc bn s cchm sc sao cho c th hon thnh bc hc caohn. (V tay.) V khuyn khch mt tinh thn

phc v quc gia mi cho cc th h hin nay v

mai sau, ti ngh Quc hi hy thng qua olut t c hai ng, mang tn thng ngh sOrrin Hatch cng vi tn mt ngi M na ci khng ngng tm xem mnh c th lm gcho t nc thng ngh s EdwardKennedy[15]. (V tay.)

Cc chnh sch gio dc s m ca mi chi cho con em chng ta. Nhng chnh chng tac nhim v lm sao cho con em i ti nhngcnh ca . Suy cho cng, chng c chng

trnh hoc chnh sch no li c th thay th mtbc ph huynh mt ngi m hoc ngi chas tham d cc cuc hp ph huynh / gio vin,hoc km cp hc bi, hoc tt i TiVi, hoc ctcc tr chi video, hoc c truyn cho con em.(V tay.) Khi ni vi cc bn v trch nhimgio dc con ci phi bt u t gia inh, ti ni khng ch vi t cch Tng thng, m nhmt ngi cha. khng phi l vn Dn chhay Cng ha. l mt vn ca nc M.(V tay.)


19/51

(Applause.) I speak to you notjust as a President, but as afather, when I say thatresponsibility for our children'seducation must begin at home.That is not a Democratic issue ora Republican issue. That's anAmerican issue. (Applause.)There is, of course, anotherresponsibility we have to ourchildren. And that's theresponsibility to ensure that wedo not pass on to them a debtthey cannot pay. (Applause.)That is critical. I agree,absolutely. See, I know we can

get some consensus in here.(Laughter.) With the deficit weinherited, the cost -- (applause)-- the cost of the crisis we face,and the long-term challenges wemust meet, it has never beenmore important to ensure that asour economy recovers, we dowhat it takes to bring this deficitdown. That is critical.

(Applause.)

Now, I'm proud that we passed arecovery plan free of earmarks --(applause) -- and I want to passa budget next year that ensuresthat each dollar we spendreflects only our most importantnational priorities.

Hn nhin l cn c mt trch nhim khc naca chng ta i vi con ci. V l trchnhim khng trao li cho con em mt gnh nchng n khng tr c. (V tay.) l iutht cn bn. Ti hon ton ng tnh vi iu

. Xem ka, ti thy chng ta c th i ti ngthun v chuyn ny y. (Nhiu ting ci.)Vi s thm ht chng ta ang k tha, ci gi

phi tr (V tay) ci gi phi tr cho cuckhng hong trc mt, v nhng thch thc dihn chng ta cn p ng, cha bao gi s phchi nn kinh t li quan trng hn, phi lm miiu gim s thm ht. l iu tht cn

bn. (V tay.)

Gi y, ti thy hnh din v chng ta thng

qua mt chng trnh phc hi kinh t khngmang mt iu khon b sung cho chi tiu cbit no

(V tay) v ti mun sang nm s thng quamt ngn sch bo m rng mi ng -la emtiu s ch phn nh nhng u tin nht ca tnc.


20/51

And yesterday, I held a fiscalsummit where I pledged to cutthe deficit in half by the end ofmy first term in office. Myadministration has also begun togo line by line through thefederal budget in order toeliminate wasteful and ineffectiveprograms. As you can imagine,this is a process that will takesome time. But we have alreadyidentified $2 trillion in savingsover the next decade.(Applause.)

In this budget -- in this budget,

we will end education programsthat don't work and end directpayments to large agribusinessthat don't need them.(Applause.) We'll eliminate --we'll eliminate the no-bidcontracts that have wastedbillions in Iraq -- (applause) --and reform -- and -- and reformour defense budget so that we're

not paying for Cold War-eraweapons systems we don't use.(Applause.) We will -- we willroot out -- we will root out thewaste and fraud and abuse in ourMedicare program that doesn'tmake our seniors any healthier.We will restore a sense offairness and balance to our taxcode by finally ending the tax

breaks for corporations that shipour jobs overseas. (Applause.)

Mi hm qua, ti ch tr mt cuc hp cao cpnht v ngnh thu ra yu cu gim mt nas thiu ht ngn sch t nay cho ti cui nhimk u ca ti. Chnh ph ca ti cng bt u rsot tng dng ngn sch lin bang xa inhng chng trnh lng ph v khng hiu qu.Cc bn c th hnh dung cng vic ny i himt thi gian khng ngn. Nhng chng ti nhn ra 2 t $ nhng mn tit kim cho minm ti. (V tay.)

Trong ngn sch ny, chng ta s chm dtnhng chng trnh gio dc khng c tc dng,v cng chm dt vic chi tin trc tip khngcn thit cho nhng doanh nghip v nngnghip. (V tay.) Chng ta s xa b chng tas xa s nhng hp ng khng thng qua uthu lm tiu ph hng t -la Irak (V tay)

v ci cch ci cch ngn sch quc phng,sao cho chng ta khng phi chi tiu cho nhngh thng v kh khng s dng ca thi Chintranh Lnh. (V tay.) Chng ta s o b tn gc

nhng lng ph, gian ln v lm dng trongchng trnh bo him y t (Medicare) khngkhin cho cc ngi gi mnh khe hn. Chngta s xc lp li tinh thn cng bng v cn itrong lut thu bng cch chm dt vic minthu cho cc t chc a vic lm ra ncngoi (V tay.)

In order to save our childrenfrom a future of debt, we willalso end the tax breaks for thewealthiest 2 percent ofAmericans. (Applause.) Now, letme be clear -- let me beabsolutely clear, because I knowyou'll end up hearing some of the

same claims that rolling backthese tax breaks means amassive tax increase on the

Nhm bo m con em chng ta c mt tng laikhng n nn, chng ta cng s chm dt vicgim thu cho 2 phn trm ngi M giu nht .(V tay.) By gi, xin cho php ti ni r hn ni cho tuyt i r, bi v th no cc bn cngc nghe nhng hi m ln ting cho rng chnh ra li l mt s tng thu khng l nhvo u ngi dn M: Nu gia nh bn thunhp di 250,000 -la mi nm mt phn t

triu -la mi nm th cc bn s chng thytin thu tng ln d ch mt xu. Ti xin ni li:Khng mt xu. (V tay.) Khng mt xu. Thc ra


21/51

American people: If your familyearns less than $250,000 a year-- a quarter million dollars a year-- you will not see your taxesincreased a single dime. Irepeat: Not one single dime.(Applause.) Not a dime. In fact,the recovery plan provides a taxcut -- that's right, a tax cut -- for95 percent of working families.And by the way, these checksare on the way. (Applause.)

Now, to preserve our long-termfiscal health, we must alsoaddress the growing costs in

Medicare and Social Security.Comprehensive health carereform is the best way tostrengthen Medicare for years tocome. And we must also begin aconversation on how to do thesame for Social Security, whilecreating tax-free universalsavings accounts for allAmericans. (Applause.)

th chng trnh hi phc kinh t d tnh ct

gim thu chnh xc l vy y, ct gim thu cho 95 phn trm gia nh ngi M anglao ng. V lun tin xin ni rng cc ngn

phiu cho vic y ang trn ng. (V tay.)

By gi, nhm mc ch bo m lu di sckhe ti chnh nc nh, chng ta cng phi bnti chuyn gia tng chi ph cho h thng bohim Y t v an sinh x hi. Ci cch vic chmsc sc khe l phng tin hay nht cng ch thng bo him Y t nhng nm sp ti. Vchng ta cng phi bt u bn vi nhau v cchthc cng tin hnh nh th vi h thng an sinhx hi, ng thi to ra nhng ti khon titkim ph qut c min thu cho mi ngidn M. (V tay.)

Finally, because we're alsosuffering from a deficit of trust, Iam committed to restoring asense of honesty andaccountability to our budget.That is why this budget looksahead 10 years and accounts forspending that was left out underthe old rules -- and for the firsttime, that includes the full cost

of fighting in Iraq andAfghanistan. (Applause.) Forseven years, we have been anation at war. No longer will wehide its price. (Applause.)

Along with our outstandingnational security team, I'm nowcarefully reviewing our policies inboth wars, and I will soon

announce a way forward in Iraqthat leaves Iraq to its people andresponsibly ends this war.

Sau cng, do ch chng ta cn b thm ht nimtin na, nn ti cng xin dn thn vo vic phchi thc trung thc v c trch nhim vi ngnsch quc gia. l l do ngn sch ny tnh xan mi nm v tnh c n cc chi tiu b

b ra ngoi trong khun kh c v ln utin ngn sch bao gm c nhng chi phchin u Irak v Afghanistan. (V tay)

by nm ri chng ta l mt quc gia lm chin.Chng ta s khng giu gim ci gi phi tr chon na. (V tay.)

Cng vi mt hi ng an ninh quc gia rt ut, ti ang xem xt k lng cc chnh sch ivi c hai cuc chin, v ti sp cng khai ngli i vi Irak, l chuyn Irak cho nhndn nc ny lo v chm dt cuc chin ny mtcch c trch nhim. (V tay.)

V cng vi cc bn b v ng minh, chng tas xy dng mt chin lc mi v ton din ivi Afghanistan v Pakistan nh bi Al-Qaeda v chng li ch ngha cc oan. Bi vti s khng cho bn khng b tin hnh mmu chng li nhn dn M t nhng hang an


22/51

(Applause.)

And with our friends and allies,we will forge a new andcomprehensive strategy forAfghanistan and Pakistan todefeat al Qaeda and combatextremism. Because I will notallow terrorists to plot againstthe American people from safehavens halfway around theworld. We will not allow it.(Applause.)

ton bt gp trn na vng th gii. Chng ta skhng cho php chuyn . (V tay.)

As we meet here tonight, ourmen and women in uniformstand watch abroad and more

are readying to deploy. To eachand every one of them, and tothe families who bear the quietburden of their absence,Americans are united in sendingone message: We honor yourservice, we are inspired by yoursacrifice, and you have ourunyielding support. (Applause.)

To relieve the strain on ourforces, my budget increases thenumber of our soldiers andMarines. And to keep our sacredtrust with those who serve, wewill raise their pay, and give ourveterans the expanded healthcare and benefits that they haveearned. (Applause.)

To overcome extremism, wemust also be vigilant inupholding the values our troopsdefend -- because there is noforce in the world more powerfulthan the example of America.And that is why I have orderedthe closing of the detentioncenter at Guantanamo Bay, andwill seek swift and certain justice

for captured terrorists.(Applause.) Because living ourvalues doesn't make us weaker,

Ti nay trong khi chng ta gp g nhau y thnhng ngi mc qun phc nam v n ca taang canh gc ti nc ngoi v ang sn sng

trin khai i hnh. Vi tng ngi y, v vicc gia nh ang mang gnh nng xa cch thmlng, tt c ngi M u on kt gi h thngip ny: Chng ti vinh danh nhim v ca cc

bn, s hy sinh ca cc bn thc gic chng ti,v chng ti ng h cc bn khng suy suyn.(V tay.)

lm nh bt p lc ln cc lc lng ca ta,ngn sch ca ti gia tng s lc qun v Thyqun lc chin. V duy tr nim tin cy thing

ling vo nhng ngi ang phc v ti ng,chng ta s nng lng cho h v tng cao thmnhng chm sc y t v cc li ch xng ngkhc cho cc cu chin binh. (V tay.)

nh bi ch ngha cc oan, chng ta cngphi ch trng nng cao nhng gi tr m quni ta bo v bi v trn th gii khng cng lc no mnh hn l tm gng nc M.V chnh v vy m ti ra lnh ng ca trungtm giam gi Vnh Guantanamo, v sanhng tn khng b b bt n vi cng lmt cch nhanh chng v xc thc. (V tay.) Biv sng trong cc gi tr ca chng ta khng cngha l lm cho chng ta yu i, m n lmchng ta an ton hn v mnh hn. (V tay.) Vth m ti c th ng y ti nay v ni thngkhng cht mp m v khng c ngoi l, rngHoa K khng lm cng vic tra tn. Ti nay, tiy, chng ta ni li cam kt . (V tay.)


23/51

it makes us safer and it makesus stronger. (Applause.) And thatis why I can stand here tonightand say without exception orequivocation that the UnitedStates of America does nottorture. We can make thatcommitment here tonight.(Applause.)In words and deeds, we areshowing the world that a new eraof engagement has begun. Forwe know that America cannotmeet the threats of this centuryalone, but the world cannot meetthem without America. We

cannot shun the negotiatingtable, nor ignore the foes orforces that could do us harm. Weare instead called to moveforward with the sense ofconfidence and candor thatserious times demand.

To seek progress towards asecure and lasting peace

between Israel and herneighbors, we have appointed anenvoy to sustain our effort. Tomeet the challenges of the 21stcentury -- from terrorism tonuclear proliferation; frompandemic disease to cyberthreats to crushing poverty -- wewill strengthen old alliances,forge new ones, and use all

elements of our national power.

And to respond to an economiccrisis that is global in scope, weare working with the nations ofthe G20 to restore confidence inour financial system, avoid thepossibility of escalatingprotectionism, and spur demandfor American goods in markets

across the globe. For the worlddepends on us having a strongeconomy, just as our economy

Bng li ni v bng hnh ng, chng ta angch ra cho th gii thy rng mt k nguyn camkt mi bt u. V chng ta bit rng ncM khng th n thng c m khc phc ccmi e da ca th k ny, m th gii cngkhng th khc phc cc mi e da m likhng c Hoa K. Chng ta khng th khc t

bn thng lng, v cng chng th lm ngnhng k th hoc nhng th lc c th gy taiho cho ta. Thay v th chng ta ku gi cngtin bc vi lng tin cy v s ngay thng cn

phi c trong nhng thi khc nghim trng.

tm kim tin b cho mt nn ha bnh trongan ninh v lu bn gia Israel v cc nc lngging, chng ta c c s lm cng vic duytr cc n lc c lu nay. khc phc nhngthch thc ca th k 21 t ch ngha khng b

cho ti vic lan truyn v kh ht nhn; t ccchng bnh ly lan cho ti nhng e da ca thii thng tin, cho ti nn ngho kh nng chng ta s tng cng sc mnh ca cc khilin minh c, s to ra cc khi lin minh mi, vs s dng mi yu t trong sc mnh ca tnc ta.

V khc phc cuc khng hong kinh t cphm vi ton cu, chng ta ang cng cc ncG20 lm hi phc nim tin vo h thng tichnh ca ta, trnh kh nng li cho leo thangch ngha bo h, v lm gia tng yu cu vhng ha M trn khp tri t ny. Bi v thgii ph thuc vo vic chng ta c mt nn kinht mnh, cng ht nh nn kinh t chng ta phthuc vo sc mnh ca th gii.Khi chng taang ng y ni giao l ca lch s, con mtca mi ngi thuc khp cc quc gia dn tcu di theo chng ta h ang di xem chngta ang lm g lc ny, ang i chng ta lm kdn o.


24/51

depends on the strength of theworld's.

As we stand at this crossroads ofhistory, the eyes of all people inall nations are once again uponus -- watching to see what we dowith this moment; waiting for usto lead.Those of us gathered heretonight have been called togovern in extraordinary times. Itis a tremendous burden, but alsoa great privilege -- one that hasbeen entrusted to fewgenerations of Americans. For in

our hands lies the ability toshape our world for good or forill.

I know that it's easy to lose sightof this truth -- to become cynicaland doubtful; consumed with thepetty and the trivial. But in mylife, I have also learned thathope is found in unlikely places;

that inspiration often comes notfrom those with the most poweror celebrity, but from the dreamsand aspirations of Americanswho are anything but ordinary.

I think of Leonard Abess, a bankpresident from Miami whoreportedly cashed out of hiscompany, took a $60 million

bonus, and gave it out to all 399people who worked for him, plusanother 72 who used to work forhim. He didn't tell anyone, butwhen the local newspaper foundout, he simply said, "I knewsome of these people since I wasseven years old. It didn't feelright getting the money myself."(Applause.)

Nhng ai trong chng ta tp hp nhau ti y tinay c s mnh cm quyn vo mt giai onc bit. l mt gnh nng v cng ln,nhng cng l mt n hu ln m ch c ti th h ngi M c giao ph. V trong taychng ta l kh nng nho nn cuc i chng tann tt hay nn xu.

Ti bit rng rt d snh mt khi chn l vtr thnh cay c hay bi quan ; v ho mntrong ci nh nhen v ci v ngha. Nhng trongi ti, ti cng hc c rng ta tm thy c

nim hy vng nhng chn bt ng; rngthng khi cm hng khng n t nhng ngiquyn uy nht hay danh ting nht, m t nhnggic m v kht vng ca nhng ngi M honton bnh thng.

Ti ngh ti Leonard Abess, mt ch tch ngnhng Miami ngi c bit l em li nhiutin cho cng ty ca mnh, dng 60 triu -latin thng em cho tt c 399 ngi ang cngtc vi ng, cng vi 72 ngi na tng cng

tc vi ng. ng khng ni vi ai ht, nhng khibo ch a phng bit, th ng ch ni th nythi: Ti bit mt s ngi t khi ti ln bytui. Ti thy khng yn lng khi gi tin choring mnh. (V tay.)

I think about -- I think aboutGreensburg -- Greensburg,Kansas, a town that was

Ti ngh n Ti ngh n Greensburg Greensburg, bang Kansas, mt thnh ph nhhon ton b bo lc ph tan nhng c dn


25/51

completely destroyed by atornado, but is being rebuilt byits residents as a global exampleof how clean energy can poweran entire community -- how itcan bring jobs and businesses toa place where piles of bricks andrubble once lay. "The tragedywas terrible," said one of themen who helped them rebuild."But the folks here know that italso provided an incredibleopportunity."

I think about Ty'Sheoma Bethea,the young girl from that school I

visited in Dillon, South Carolina-- a place where the ceilingsleak, the paint peels off thewalls, and they have to stopteaching six times a day becausethe train barrels by theirclassroom. She had been toldthat her school is hopeless, butthe other day after class shewent to the public library and

typed up a letter to the peoplesitting in this chamber. She evenasked her principal for themoney to buy a stamp. Theletter asks us for help, and says,"We are just students trying tobecome lawyers, doctors,congressmen like yourself andone day president, so we canmake a change to not just the

state of South Carolina but alsothe world. We are not quitters."That's what she said. We are notquitters. Applause.)

These words -- these words andthese stories tell us somethingabout the spirit of the peoplewho sent us here. They tell usthat even in the most trying

times, amid the most difficultcircumstances, there is agenerosity, a resilience, a

chng xy dng li v thnh mt tm gngchung v vic c th dng nng lng sch phcv c cng ng v cch thc to cng nvic lm v doanh nghip mt ni ch cn lgch nt cht ng. Bi kch tht khng khip,mt ngi tham gia xy dng li thnh ph ni.

Nhng mi ngi y bit rng cn l mtc hi v song.

Ti ngh n TySheoma Bethea, c gi citrng ti n thm yi Dillon, bang NamCarolina ni trn nh th dt, sn loang l trntng, v mi ngy ang dy hc li phi dngti su bn v xe la m m chy ngang. Ngita bo c rng hon cnh trng c l v vng,nhng mt hm, khi ht gi dy, c ra th vincng cng ngi vit l th gi ti nhng ngi

hin ang c mt ti nay trong hi trng ny.Khi c cn phi xin hiu trng tin mua temna. Th ngh cc ngh s chng ta gip , vni rng Chng ti ch l nhng ngi ang hc tr thnh lut gia, bc s, ngh s nh qu v vmt ngy no c th tr thnh tng thng c th to ra thay i khng ch cho bang NamCarolina m thay i ton th gii ny. Chngti khng b cuc. C y ni th. Chng tikhng b cuc. (V tay.)

Nhng li l y nhng li l y v nhng cuchuyn y ni vi chng ta i iu v tinh thnca nhng con ngi c chng ta ti y.Chng ni vi ta rng ngay c vo nhng thi cth thch nht, gia hon cnh kh khn chngcht, th vn cn c s cao c, s bn b, cnnhn phm, cn quyt tm kin tr; vn cn lngmong mun chu trch nhim trc tng laichung v cho hu th.

Lng quyt tm ca h phi tr thnh cm hngcho chng ta. Nhng mi quan tm ca h phitr thnh iu ngha ln ca chng ta. V chngta phi t cho h v ton th nhn dn ta thyrng chng ta xng ng vi nhim v ang trc mt chng ta y. (V tay.)

Ti bit rng xem ka ti bit rng cho tilc ny th chng ta vn cha nht tr vi tngvn t ra (C ting ci.) Chc chn l cnhng thi khc trong tng lai chng ta s i

nhng con ng khc nhau. Nhng ti cngbit rng mi ngi M ang ngi y ti nayu yu t nc mnh v mong mun t nc


26/51

decency, and a determinationthat perseveres; a willingness totake responsibility for our futureand for posterity.

Their resolve must be ourinspiration. Their concerns mustbe our cause. And we must showthem and all our people that weare equal to the task before us.(Applause.)

I know -- look, I know that wehaven't agreed on every issuethus far -- (laughter.) There aresurely times in the future where

we will part ways. But I alsoknow that every American who issitting here tonight loves thiscountry and wants it to succeed.I know that. (Applause.) Thatmust be the starting point forevery debate we have in thecoming months, and where wereturn after those debates aredone. That is the foundation on

which the American peopleexpect us to build commonground.

And if we do -- if we cometogether and lift this nation fromthe depths of this crisis; if we putour people back to work andrestart the engine of ourprosperity; if we confront without

fear the challenges of our timeand summon that enduring spiritof an America that does not quit,then someday years from nowour children can tell theirchildren that this was the timewhen we performed, in thewords that are carved into thisvery chamber, "somethingworthy to be remembered."

Thank you. God bless you, andmay God bless the United States

mnh thnh cng. Ti bit th. (V tay.) phil xut pht im cho mi cuc tranh bin trongnhng thng ti v l ni chng ta tr li sau khicc cuc tranh bin tin hnh xong. chnh l ci nn tng trn nhn dn M trng

i chng ta cng xy dng c s hiu bit lnnhau.

V nu chng ta nu chng ta cng nhau nngt nc ny ln khi nhng tng su ca cuckhng hong ny; nu chng ta li a c mingi i lm lng v ti khi ng c my thnhvng ca t nc; nu chng ta i mt khngs hi nhng thch thc ca thi i mnh sngv huy ng ci tinh thn kin tr ca mt ncM khng bao gi b cuc, th mt ngy no

trong nhiu nm sau con ci chng ta c th nivi con ci chng rng l thi chng ta thc hin nhng li l[16]c khc chm tichnh ci phng hp ny, mt iu g xngng c nh mi.

Xin cm n. Xin Cha ban phc cho cc bn vcu Cha ban phc cho Hp chng quc HoaK. Xin cm n.
http://vietsciences.free.fr/sinhngu/anhvan/obamaspeech-congress-anhviet.htm#_ftn17http://vietsciences.free.fr/sinhngu/anhvan/obamaspeech-congress-anhviet.htm#_ftn17http://vietsciences.free.fr/sinhngu/anhvan/obamaspeech-congress-anhviet.htm#_ftn17


27/51

of America. Thank you.(Applause.)====[1]Theo ti hiu th Speaker n gin l Ch tch H vin, v Vice President l Ph TngThng. y l din vn truyn thng do Tng Thng tn nhim c trc lng vin hp

chung, bi vy ng ta "tha" ch tch hai vin trc tin. Ph Tng Thng M lun lun lch tch thng vin, v ng ta c "tha" vi t cch ny. (Tt c cc ch thch u cabn H Dng Tun, ngi gip hiu nh bn dch gc).[2] tc l cha n ni l, nhng ngy cng dnh t i[3] to gut : moi rng rut, ph hu t bn trong, y ni (rt c) n vic din t qu d dica CQ Bush v cc quy nh ch khng ch trch bn thn cc quy nh[4] critical[5] President's day: ngy l hi cho Tng Thng, nh vo th hai ln ba ca thng hai minm, tc ngy 16 thng 2 cho nm nay. Obama nhm chc (take office) ngy 20 thng 1.[6] refinance their mortgages: lm li hp ng th chp, tc l xc nh li (theo hng

phn trm tr li nh hn v thi gian tr gp lu hn (mnh sau ny bao hm mnh trc)[7] Nguyn vn: laundry list, mt danh sch pha tp cc th lng cng (nh danh sch lt kqun o git ca b ni tr)[8] GI Bill ban hnh nm 1944, ha cp hc bng cho binh s i hc li khi chin tranh chmdt[9] Ni vy thi ch Tu vn l nc dng nng lng bn nht nh th gii![10] Dng ch ti to, v l do thin nhin ti to, nh gi, nc, sc nng mt tri...khc vi ti chmang ngha do con ngi.[11] Ch city dch l th ph cho n oai, town l thnh ph. Thc ra by gi t ngi phn

bit c: Theo gc Hy Lp th "cit" l mt thnh quc. Chu u nh Anh v Php th

city/cit l mt khu ca mt thnh ph ln, trong c c cathrdral (thnh ng) ni ca ng vque, ng ny cai qun gio dn c mt vng, Trong vng c nhng thnhph/th x trong ch c nh th (Eglise) m tr tr l ng cur. V sau City tr thnh tngi c thnh ph ln lun. M cng theo truyn thng ny nhng "dn s ho": city l th

ph ca mt tiu bang, ni c chnh quyn tiu bang, cn town l cc thnh ph khc.[12] charter school: ni v cc cp tiu hc v trung hc. M khng c trng t honton. C mt s trng t theo ngha do t chc t nhn qun l, nhng trng ny c quyndy cc mn c bit nh mt tn gio no hay mt nng khiu th thao ngh thut no, hay theo mt phng php gio dc mi. Nhng vi cc mn c bn v mt s iukin hot ng khc th phi theo nhng quy nh nh trng cng v chu thanh tra. i lih c tr cp (khong ba phn t chi ph tnh them u hc tr, so vi trng cng).

Php th nhng trng ny gi l trng t (cole priv), cch vn hnh v ti tr i thcng th.[13] community college ch dy hai nm u, tng ng trng cao ng Vit Nam, cnuniversity th dy 4 nm hoc hn na, khng c quy nh cho university, c th t honton.[14] M khng c bng tt nghip Trung hc, ch c chng ch hc xong do nh trngcp.[15] Orrin Hatch thuc ng Cng Ho, Edward Kennedy thuc ng Dn Ch[16] Trch cu khc trn tng ca phng hp Quc Hi M : "Let us develop the resourcesof our land, call forth its powers, build up its institutions, promote all its great interests andsee whether we also in our day may not perform something worthy to be remember.

http://vietsciences.free.frr vhttp://vietsciences.org Phm Ton H Dng Tun
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dress by Senator John McCainDiplomatic Academy of Vietnam

April 7, 2009

It has been more than five years since I last

visited Vietnam, and on this occasion I amreminded again of the extraordinary stridesVietnam has made in recent years. Povertyhas fallen dramatically, trade is up, livingstandards have risen, and Vietnam hasnormalized relations not only with theUnited States, but with much of the world.Perhaps emblematic of this progress andof Vietnams future potential on the worldstage is Vietnams current membership onthe United Nations Security Council.

This remarkable rise has been influenced, Ibelieve, by the willingness here and in theUnited States to put the past behind us, andto embark on a gradual process ofnormalizing diplomatic and trade relations

between our two countries. We begancarefully with cooperation in the search formissing American service personnel. Thatcooperation, along with Vietnam's

withdrawal from Cambodia and the end ofthe Cold War, fostered a new spirit inSoutheast Asia, one that allowed the UnitedStates to lift the U.S. trade embargo in 1994and normalize diplomatic relations withVietnam in 1995. My friend Pete Petersonwas nominated by President Clinton toserve as Americas ambassador in Hanoi in1996. The U.S. lifted Jackson-Vanikrestrictions on Vietnam in 1998 and twoyears later signed a bilateral trade

agreement with Vietnam one of the mostcomprehensive bilateral trade agreementsboth countries had ever negotiated. In 2003,for the first time in nearly 30 years, a U.S.warship, the USS Vandergrift, docked inthe port of Saigon in Ho Chi Minh City. Aship of peace. And three years ago, theUnited States extended Permanent NormalTrading Relations status to Vietnam, pavingthe way for its entrance into the WorldTrade Organization. The same year,

Vietnam hosted President Bush at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit inHanoi.

Bi ni chuyn ca Thng Ngh s JohnMcCainti Hc vin Ngoi giao Vit Nam

ngy 07/04/2009

hn nm nm k t chuyn thm Vit Namgn y nht ca ti, v dp tr li ny gi choti nh v nhng tin b phi thng m Vit

Nam t c trong nhng nm gn y. ingho gim nhanh chng, thng mi anggia tng, mc sng c nng ln, v Vit

Nam bnh thng ho quan h khng ch viHoa K m vi hu ht cc nc trn th gii.C l biu tng ca tin trnh ny - v biutng cho trin vng tng lai ca Vit Namtrn trng quc t - l vai tr thnh vin caVit Nam hin nay trong Hi ng Bo an Linhp quc.

Ti tin rng s thin ch c Vit Nam v HoaK nhm gc li qu kh v m ra mt tin trnhtng bc bnh thng ho quan h ngoi giaov thng mi gia hai nc c tc ng tis pht trin vt bc ny. Chng ta bt uthn trng vi s hp tc trong vic tm kimnhng ngi M mt tch. S hp tc , cng

vi vic Vit Nam rt qun khi Campuchia vs kt thc ca Chin tranh Lnh, c v chomt lung sinh kh mi ng Nam , cho

php Hoa K d b cm vn thng mi nm1994 v bnh thng ho quan h ngoi giao viVit Nam vo nm 1995. Bn ca ti, ngi PetePeterson, c Tng thng Clinton c lmi s Hoa K ti H Ni nm 1996. Hoa Kcng d b cc hn ch thng mi Jackson-Vanik i vi Vit Nam nm 1998 v k hipnh thng mi song phng vi Vit Nam hai

nm sau mt trong nhng hip nh thngmi song phng bao qut nht m hai nctng thng lng. Nm 2003, ln u tin saugn 30 nm, mt tu chin ca Hoa K, tu USSVandergrift, cp cng Si Gn thnh phH Ch Minh. l con tu ca ho bnh. Cchy ba nm, Hoa K trao cho Vit Nam Quy chQuan h Thng mi Bnh thng Vnh vin,m ng cho Vit Nam gia nhp T chcThng mi Th gii. Cng trong nm , Vit

Nam n Tng thng Bush tham d Hi ngh

Thng nh Din n Hp tc Kinh t Chu -Thi Bnh Dng ti H Ni.


29/51

It has been a remarkable series ofdevelopments, and our two countries havecome this very long way together. And yetwe would not have come this far were it notfor the support of Americans who once

served in Vietnam in another time, and forthe commitment of those Vietnameseofficials who wished to build a better futurefor their people. America and Vietnam havemoved on from the past. Each of us hasfound, in a new era, a place of friendshipfor a former adversary.

Today, the hardest work of normalization isbehind us. The time has come, I believe, forus to move from the normalization of our

bilateral relations to a modernization of ourties commensurate with Vietnams risingstatus in the region and in the world. Weshould not simply rest on our laurels andallow the relationship to plateau. It is timeto take the next step.

The further strengthening of ourrelationship should occur not only becauseof the unprecedented economic

transformation of Vietnam and theextraordinary progress of our relations inthe last two decades, but also because of thehistoric shift of economic power from thewestern world to Asia. As the rise of Chinademonstrates so vividly, Asia is gaining in

prosperity relative to the rest of the worldwith each passing year. In light of this

phenomenon, some experts have decreedthe American century a thing of the pastand have declared this the Asian century.

To call it such, however, embraces a kind ofzero-sum thinking that is itself rooted in thepast. U.S. and Asian ascendancy are notmutually exclusive, nor should we let them

become so. If leaders on both continentsgrasp the opportunity inherent in thisessential truth, we can usher in anunprecedented era: a 21st century that is

both American and Asian. And in this newera, I believe, Vietnam will have a criticalrole to play.

Vietnams economic reforms initiated in1986 ignited an engine of economic growth

l mt lot nhng bc pht trin ni bt vhai nc chng ta cng chung bc trn conng di . V c l chng ta khng tinc xa n vy nu nh khng c s ng hca nhng ngi M tng phc v Vit

Nam trc y, cng nh s cam kt ca cc

quan chc Vit Nam mong mun xy dng mttng lai tt p hn cho dn tc mnh. Hoa Kv Vit Nam bc ra khi qu kh. Mi nc tm ra, trong mt k nguyn mi, mt chng ca tnh hu ngh dnh cho k th nmxa.

Gi y, cng vic bnh thng ho quan h khkhn nht li li pha sau. Ti tin rng, nlc chng ta chuyn t vic bnh thng hoquan h song phng sang hin i ho nhnglin kt gia hai nc cho tng xng vi v thngy cng tng ca Vit Nam khu vc v trnth gii. Chng ta khng nn ch t tho mn vithnh cng v cho mi quan h h mc boho. n lc cn c bc i mi.

Vic tip tc cng c mi quan h gia hai nckhng nn ch v s chuyn i kinh t chatng thy ca Vit Nam v tin b vt bctrong quan h gia hai nc trong hai thp k

qua, m cn v s chuyn dch sc mnh kinh tmang tnh lch s t phng Ty v chu . Minm qua i, chu li cng tr nn thnh vnghn so vi phn cn li ca th gii m s lnmnh ca Trung Quc l minh chng r rt.Chnh v hin tng ny, mt s chuyn gia co chung cho th k ca Hoa K v tuyn by l th k ca chu . Tuy nhin, cch ginh vy i theo t duy c n c, ng vkhng, mt kiu t duy m bt r t qu kh.Th lc ca Hoa K v chu khng loi tr

ln nhau v chng ta cng khng mun xy ranh vy. Nu lnh o ca c hai chu lc nmly c hi sn c trong chn l ct t ny, chngta c th bc sang mt k nguyn cha tng

bit ti: mt th k 21 ca c Hoa K v chu .V trong k nguyn ny, ti tin rng Vit Nams ng mt vai tr ht sc quan trng.

Nhng i mi kinh t ca Vit Nam nm 1986 to ra ng lc cho tng trng kinh t, htnhn then cht ca s thay i. S tng cng

m ca i vi thng mi ca Vit Nam gip hng triu ngi Vit Nam thot khi ingho. t nc cc bn vn ln t b vc


30/51

that has been the key agent of change. Yourincreased openness to trade has helpedliberate millions of Vietnamese from

poverty. This country has moved from thebrink of famine in the 1980s to the worldssecond-largest rice exporter and second-

largest producer of coffee. In the decadethat passed between 1992 and 2002, the

poverty level in Vietnam was cut nearly inhalf. Vietnam has brought more people outof poverty, faster, than perhaps any countryin history save China. This astonishing

progress is the product of reforms thatcoupled free market principles with theindustry and creativity of the Vietnamese

people.

Yet today, in the midst of a globalrecession, we hear voices in the UnitedStates and in Asia that condemnglobalization, and urge a return to the failed

policies of economic isolationism thatwould not only delay recovery but worsenthe current crisis. We must not heed them.They live in the past, and having learnednone of its lessons, romanticize a future forthe world that would arrest the progress of

humanity by rejecting the inevitablechanges and opportunities caused by theever freer flow of goods and services in aglobal economy. We should not fear theinterdependence of a global economy. Onthe contrary, we should embrace it as the

best possible path toward greater prosperityfor all. Open markets have been the engineof mankinds prosperity for centuries and,

by seeking the opportunities they offer, theywill remain so.

In the United States, the recession andglobal financial crisis have encouraged theadvocates of protectionism. Their influenceis evident in the recently enacted BuyAmerican legislation and in growingopposition to free trade agreements. Thenew administration, and those of us inCongress who see the folly in reversing the

progress of globalization must show greaterresolve in rejecting their counsel. We must

advance not retreat. This includes exploringnew ways to increase the bilateral trade

between the U.S. and Vietnam and

ca nn i vo nhng nm 1980 tr thnh ncxut khu go ln th hai v sn xut c ph lnth hai trn th gii. Trong mt thp k t 1992n 2002, mc ngho i Vit Nam gim ign mt na. C l Vit Nam a c nhiungi dn thot ra khi i ngho hn v nhanh

hn bt k nc no khc trong lch s, trTrung Quc. Tin b bt ng ny l kt qu canhng i mi trong c s kt hp gia ccnguyn l ca th trng t do vi s cn c vsng to ca dn tc Vit Nam.

Tuy vy, ngy nay, trong cuc suy thoi toncu, chng ta nghe u Hoa K v chu nhng li ch trch ton cu ho v thc gicquay tr li vi nhng chnh sch c lp kinh tvn tng tht bi v s khng nhng lm cho

phc hi chm chp hn m cn lm cho cuckhng hong hin nay thm su sc. Chng takhng nn nghe theo h.

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