distributedcontrolsystem-131030115539-phpapp02

7/24/2019 distributedcontrolsystem-131030115539-phpapp02

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Distributed CoSys

The Next Era of Factor

[ Narrendar.R.C 1

[ G.N.Abhilash 1


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Current Issues faced in Automa

Interation and !on time Su""ort

System #"rades

Factory Su""ort Enter"rise Interation


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$ihlihts of %!C

&'!o( cost)'Easy Desin*'+ell Documented,'+ell su""orted by Industry-'Faster Im"lementation


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+hy Does %!C !a .ehind'

It doesn0t su""ort the follo(in characterist

%eer to "eer

Sinle Database

Security

Alarms

Ad2anced 3ath Functions

%ro"rietary $3I

4"en %rotocols


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Inherent Features of DCS

&'%eer to %eer1This bene5t is seen by reduced (irin costs bet(een controllereduction in enineerin time based on sim"li5ed ma""in'

)'Sinle Database1The accuracy of the initial build and the maintenance of the sy

made far easier (ith the sinle database' Transcri"tion errors and chanin tas in control schemes is much sim"ler'

*'Security13ost %!C "ac7aes don8t include Security 3anaement in the must be "urchased and con5ured se"arately'


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,' Alarms13ost %!C "ac7aes don8t include Alarm 3anaement as "art

database (hich (ill add extra time and com"lexity to the "ro-' Ad2anced 3ath Functions1

%ID calculations are done in the C%# of the %!C so multi"le calculations (ill slo( do(n the "rocess time' Additional costsre:uired to do ad2anced math (ith add on cards'

;' %ro"rietary $3Is13any %!C 2endors use their o(n $3I (hich ma7es interface de2ices di


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%!C Architecture


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DCS

A distributed control system >DCS? refers to a cosystem usually of a manufacturin system@ "roc7ind of dynamic system@ in (hich the controllerare not central in location >li7e the brain? but ardistributed throuhout the system (ith each cosubsystem controlled by one or more controlle

The entire system of controllers is connected bfor communication and monitorin'

DCS is a 2ery broad term used in a 2ariety of into monitor and control distributed e:ui"ment


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Com"onents of DCS

&' Introduction)'Architecture*'C%#,'Analo In"ut 3odule-'Diital In"ut 3odule

;'Analo 4ut"ut 3odule='Diital 4ut"ut 3oduleB'Communication System'$uman Interface system >$IS?


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DCS Architecture


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The CPU

3odel is chosen based on soft(are tobe used'

The main memory is ensured of hihreliability by error correction code>ECC?'

Addition of the ne( error detection and"rotection functions'

4ther ne(ly added functions include

the memory manaement unit >33#?and (rite "rotection (hich ensure datainterity@ the "arity chec7 of addressesand data@ the ECC memory@ and a t(o(ire sinal self chec7er'


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Analog I/O Modle

To in"ut an analo 2oltae the

continuous 2oltae 2alue must

be sam"led and then con2ertedto a numerical 2alue by an AD

con2erter'

The data 2alue sam"led (ill be

some(here bet(een the

2oltae at the start and end ofthe sam"le'

The maximum >max? andminimum >min? 2oltaes are a

function of the control

hard(are' These are oftens"eci5ed (hen "urchasin

hard(are


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!igi"al I/O Modle

The diital I4 module iscon5ured by the card unit and

either the terminal unit or

connector unit'

It in"uts and out"uts &; or *)sinal "oints and con2erts

sinals'

Since the ty"es or I4 sinals are

soft(areset@ no control s(itch or

7nob is found on this module'


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Co##ni$a"ion%&s"e#s

The communicationcards are used to reali6ethe eneral"ur"ose

communication of 5eld

control station and

subsystems 2ia serial

lin7s@ so that thesubsystem may be

controlled or monitored'


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'#an In"er(a$e %"a"ion

The human interface system"rorammed for a "ro9ect"lan isdesined in such a (ay that it (ouldbe easy for the o"erator to

understand all the o"erationsoccurred in the "lant'


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Nuclear eactor Control #nit SCADA .ased Interf

$IS and 3onitorin +indo(s


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A""lications

&'Electrical "o(er rids and electrical eneration)'En2ironmental control systems'*'Tra


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+hat0s Next''/

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