ĐK Thiết Bị Qua Internet Và Sim900

8/9/2019 K Thit B Qua Internet V Sim900

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iu khin thit bin quaInternet v GSM_EvaVer


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MC LC

LI NI U ....................................................................................................... 6

CHNG 1: DN NHP ..................................................................................... 7

1.1 t vn : .................................................................................................... 71.2 ngha ca ti: ........................................................................................ 8

1.3 Gii hn nghin cu ca ti ..................................................................... 9

1.4 Mc tiu nghin cu ca ti ................................................................... 10

1.5 Kt qunghin cu ca ti ..................................................................... 11

1.6 S tng quan ca hthng ..................................................................... 12

CHNG 2: ETHERNET V H GIAO THC TCP/IP................................. 15

2.1 Tng quan v Ethernet ................................................................................ 15

2.1.1 Cu trc khung tin Ethernet .................................................................. 15

2.1.2 Cu trc a ch Ethernet...................................................................... 16

2.1.3 Cc loi khung Ethernet ........................................................................ 16

2.1.3.1 Khung unicast ................................................................................. 16

2.1.3.2 Khung broadcast ............................................................................. 16

2.1.3.3 Khung multicast .............................................................................. 17

2.1.4 Truy nhp bus s dng phng php CSMA/CD................................ 17

2.2 H giao thc TCP/IP ................................................................................... 18

2.2.1 Tng ng dng (Application Layer)..................................................... 19

2.2.2 Tng giao vn (Transport Layer) .......................................................... 20

2.2.3 Tng Internet (Internet Layer).............................................................. 25

2.2.4 Tnggiao tip mng............................................................................. 30

2.3 Microchip TCP/IP Stack ............................................................................. 31


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2.3.1 Cu trc ca Microchip TCP/IP Stack ................................................. 31

2.3.2 Hot ng ca TCP/IP Stack................................................................ 32

CHNG 3: TNG QUAN VTIN NHN SMS V MODULE SIM900 ..... 33

3.1 Tng quan vtin nhn SMS ........................................................................ 333.2 Gii thiu Module SIM900 ......................................................................... 33

3.2.1 Tng quan vModule SIM900 ............................................................. 33

3.2.2 Kho st s chn v chc nng tng chn ....................................... 34

CHNG 4: THIT KV THI CNG .......................................................... 35

4.1 Phn tch yu cu iu khin ...................................................................... 35

4.2 Thit kphn cng mch chnh .................................................................. 37

4.2.1 S nguyn l mch chnh .................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.2.2 M tchc nng tng khi ...................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.2.3 Khi rle...............................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.3 Tng quan chngtrnh chnh ....................Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4 Thit kWebserver ..................................................................................... 384.5 Thit kv thi cng Module SIM900 .........Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.5.1 S nguyn l kt ni Module SIM900 ...........Error! Bookmark notdefined.

4.5.2 Tp lnh AT dng cho Module SIM900Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.5.2 Gii thut nhn tin nhn v thc thi iu khin: ..Error! Bookmark not

defined.Chng 5: KT LUN ........................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.1 Kt lun .......................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2 Hng pht trin ti ...............................Error! Bookmark not defined.

TI LIU THAM KHO .................................................................................... 39


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PH LC 1: VI IU KHIN PIC18F8722...................................................... 40

PHLC2: GII THIU V TRNH BIN DCH MPLAB C18................... 59

PH LC 3 :GIAO TIP GIA PIC V ETHERNET.................................... 61

PH LC 4:THNG S K THUT CA SIM900...................................... 66


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Lit k bngBng 2.1: Cu trc khung MAC theo IEEE 802.3/ Ethernet. ................. 15

Lit k hnh

Hnh 1.1: S tng quan hthng ........................................................ 12

Hnh 1.2: S khi ca biu khin .................................................. 13

Hnh 2.1: Minh ha phng php CSMA/CD........................................ 17

Hnh 2.2: Cu trc hgiao thc TCP/IP. ................................................ 18

Hnh 2.3: Cu trc gi TCP. .................................................................... 21

Hnh 2.4: Lu trng thi kt ni TCP. ................................................ 23

Hnh 2.5: Cu trc gi tin IP. .................................................................. 26

Hnh 2.6: Cu trc gi tin ARP. .............................................................. 28

Hnh 2.7: Cu trc ca Stack. .................................................................. 31

Hnh 2.8: So snh cu trc TCP/IP tham kho v cu trc Stack caMicrochip.32

Hnh 3.1: Module Sim900 ....................................................................... 33

Hnh 3.2: S chn ca Module Sim900.............................................. 34

Hnh 4.1: S nguyn l mch chnh ...Error! Bookmark not defined.

Hnh 4.2: S nguyn l khi rle.......Error! Bookmark not defined.

Hnh 4.3: Tng quan chng trnh chnhError! Bookmark not defined.

Hnh 4.4: Giao in Webserver ...............Error! Bookmark not defined.

Hnh 4.5: Tcm bin nht ln trnh duyt ......Error! Bookmark notdefined.

Hnh 4.6: Kt qunhit phng trn trnh duyt .Error! Bookmark notdefined.


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Hnh 4.7: Vi iu khin nhn lnh tWeb v iu khin ................Error!Bookmark not defined.

Hnh 4.8: Kt qutruyn dliu .............Error! Bookmark not defined.

Hnh 4.9: Phn mm MPFS2 ...................Error! Bookmark not defined.

Hnh 4.10: S nguyn l kt ni Module SIM900 .. Error! Bookmarknot defined.

Hnh 4.11: Gii thut nhn tin nhn v thc thi iu khin .............Error!Bookmark not defined.


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LI NI U

Ngy nay, vi nhng ng dng ca khoa hc k thut tin tin, th gii

ca chng ta v ang ngy mt thay i,vn minh v hin i hn. V khi

nim v ngi nh thng minh ra i. Mt ngi nh thng l mt gii phpiu khin tch hp cho cc cn h cao cp, tch hp cc thit b in t, nghe

nhn, truyn thng thnh mt h thng hon chnh v thng nht.

Nhn thc c tm thc tin ca ngi nh thng minh l c schng

em chn ti n tt nghip Thit khthng iu khin thit bin trong

gia nhqua Ethernet v SMS. Trong sut thi gian hon thnh n, chng

em tm hiu vvi iu khin, cc chtruyn thng, cm bin o, c cuchp hnh, cch kt ni mng Ethernet, iu khin qua tin nhn SMS, ng thi

tm hiu vcc tiu ch ca mt ngi nh thng minh.

Di shng dn, chbo nhit tnh ca thy V Vn H cng vi s

cgng n lc ca cc thnh vin trong nhm, chng em hon thnh n

ng thi hn cho php. Tuy nhin do thi gian hn ch, cng nh lng kin

thc rt ln nn chng em khng th trnh khi nhiu thiu xt. V vy chngem rt mong snhn c nhiu kin nh gi, gp ca thy c gio v cc

bn sinh vin chng em c thpht trin v hon thin thm ti ny.

Chng em xin chn thnh cm n!

Nhm sinh vin thc hin

1.

Nguyn Tt Nam2.

o Cu Long

3. Mai Trung Chnh


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CHNG 1: DN NHP

1.1 t vn :

Ngy nay cng vi s pht trin mnh m ca cc ngnh khoa hc k

thut, cng ngh k thut in t m trong l k thut t ng iu khin

ng vai tr quan trng trong mi lnh vc khoa hc k thut, qun l, cng

nghip, cung cp thng tin ... Do l mt sinh vin chuyn ngnh iu khin

tng chng ta phi bit nm bt v vn dng n mt cch c hiu qunhm

gp phn vo spht trin nn khoa hc kthut thgii ni chung v trong s

pht trin k thut in tni ring. Bn cnh cn l s thc y s pht

trin ca nn kinh tnc nh.

Nh chng ta cng bit, gn nh cc thit b trong i sng ca cc gia

nh ngy nay u hot ng c lp vi nhau, mi thit bc mt quy trnh s

dng khc nhau tu thuc vo s thit lp, ci t ca ngi s dng. Chng

cha c mt s lin kt no vi nhau vmt d liu. Nhng i vi h thng

iu khin thit btxa thng qua mng Ethernet v tin nhn SMS th li khc.

y, cc thit biu khin tng c kt ni vi nhau thnh mt hthng

hon chnh qua mt mt thit btrung tm v c thgiao tip vi nhau vmt d

liu.

in hnh ca mt hthng iu khin thit btrong nh txa thng qua

mng Ethernet v tin nhn SMS gm c cc thit bn gin nh bng n, qut

my, l si n cc thit btinh vi, phc tp nh tivi, my git, h thng bo

ng N hot ng nh mt ngi nh thng minh. Ngha l tt ccc thit b

ny c thgiao tip vi nhau vmt dliu thng qua mt u no trung tm.

u no trung tm y c thl mt my vi tnh hon chnh hoc c thl mt

bxl c lp trnh sn tt ccc chng trnh iu khin. Bnh thng,

cc thit b trong ngi nh ny c th c iu khin t xa thng qua mng


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Ethernet hoc tin nhn SMS ca chnh. Chng hn nh vic tt qut, n in

khi ngi chnh qun cha tt trc khi ra khi nh. Hay chvi mt tin

nhn SMS, ngi chnh c thbt my iu ha lm mt phng trc khi

vnh trong mt khong thi gian nht nh. Bn cnh n cng gi thng bo

cho ngi iu khin bit nhit trong phng hin ti l bao nhiu, ng thi

pht tn hiu cnh bo khi nhit phng vt qu gii hn cho php. Ngoi ra,

h thng cn mang tnh bo mt. Ngha l chc nhng sin thoi c ci

t trc v bit ng mt khu th mi c thiu khin c hthng.

Tnhng yu cu thc t, nhng i hi ngy cng cao ca cuc sng,

cng vi s hp tc, pht trin mnh m ca mng di ng nn chng em

chn ti " Thit k h thng iu khin thit b in trong nh qua mng

Ethernet v tin nhn SMS " p ng c nhu cu ngy cng cao ca con

ngi v gp phn vo stin b, vn minh, hin i ca nc nh.

Vi ti trn nhm ti thc hin vic iu khin t xa theo ba

hng hng chnh:

iukhin thit b qua Ethernet vi giao thc TCP/IP. Ngi dng ngnhp vo Website v thc hin iu khin thit b qua giao din Web.

iu khin thit b qua tin nhn SMS t nhng s in thoi c cho

php. Thit b s nhn tin nhn SMS theo cu trc cho trc. Phn tch

yu cu iu khin v thc hin iu khin thit b.

o v thng bo nhit trong phng, pht tn hiu cnh bo nu nhit

trong phng tng cao vt qu gii hn cho php.

1.2 ngha ca ti:

Ngy nay cng vi stin bca khoa hc kthut, cc thit bin tra

i ngy cng nhiu vchng loi cng nh tnh nng sdng. Bn cnh nhu

cu sdng cc thit bmt cch tng ngy cng cao, con ngi ngy cng


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mun c nhiu thit bgii tr cng nh cc thit b sinh hot vi k thut v

cng nghngy cng cao. C thVit nam cha pht trin mnh mtrong lnh

ny nhng hin nay trn thgii, nht l cc quc gia thuc Chu u hay M

th m hnh ngi nh tng c iu khin txa pht trin rt mnh m.

T nhng nhu cu thc t , nhm em mun a mt phn nhng k

thut hin i ca thgii p dng vo iu kin thc ttrong nc c thto

ra mt hthng iu khin thit btrong nh txa thng qua mng Ethernet v

tin nhn SMS nhm p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao ca con ngi. ti ly c

sl mng Ethernet v tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b. Vic sdng mng

Ethernet v tin nhn SMS iu khin thit bc thun li l tit kim chi ph,

mang tnh cnh tranh v c ng cao. Ngoi ra, sn phm ca ti ny c tnh

m, c th p dng cho nhiu i tng khc nhau trong dn dng cng nh

trong cng nghip.

1.3 Gii hn nghin cu ca ti

thc thi mt h thng iu khin thit b t xa thng qua mng

Ethernet v tin nhn SMS p dng cho mt ngi nh hon chnh nh ni trn lrt phc tp v rt tn km. p ng vic iu khin ton bcc thit bny

i hi phi c mt lng thi gian, kin thc nht nh. Bn cnh cn l vn

ti chnh. Vi lng thi gian v kin thc c hn, trong ti ny nhm em

thc hin ch thc thi mt phn ca h thng hon chnh . l iu khin

ng mn, ngoi ra cn c chc nng bo ng khi nhit trong phng tng

cao qu nhit cho php.

Vi nhng g trnh by trn, nhm em t in hnh nghin cu, kho

st v thc hin v dkin t c cc mc tiu t ra nh sau:


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- Thit lp mt Website v thc hin iu khin cc thit b qua giao din

Web, sau khi thc hin lnh iu khin trng thi ca thit b on/off c

th hin ngay trn giao din Web.

- iu khin cc thit b trong nh bng tin nhn SMS. Sau khi thc hin

lnh iu khin xong, t ng gi tin nhn li cho ngi dng bit thc

hin thnh cng.

- Gi tin nhn thng bo trng thi ca cc thit b v nhit trong phng

hin ti l bao nhiu.

- Ngoi ra, h thng cn c chc nng t ng pht tn hiu cnh bo qua

chung v tin nhn khi nhit trong phng tng cao vt qu gii hncho php.

1.4 Mc tiu nghin cu ca ti

- n c nghin cu v thc hin vi mc ch p dng nhng kin

thc c hc trong nh trng thit k, to ra mt h thng iu

khin tng txa qua mng Ethernet v tin nhn SMS.

- Nghin cu v to mt giao din Websever thc hin iu khin qua

mng Ethernet vi chun giao tip TCP/IP.

- Tm hiu v h thng in thoi di ng GSM hin nay. Nghin cu v s

dng cc module GSM/GPRS ph bin hin nay. Module nhm thc hin

nghin cu v s dng l module SIM900 ca hng SIMCom.

- Nghin cu v s dng chip vi iu khin PIC ca Mircochip.Chip m

nhm tin hnh nghin cu v s dng l chip PIC18F8722.


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1.5 Kt qunghin cu ca ti

Vi nhng mc tiu v khoch ra, cng vi snlc nghin cu,

tm ti ca cc thnh vin trong nhm thc hin ti, nhm thc hin t

c nhng kt qunht nh sau:

Thit kthnh cng mch iu khin giao tip qua mng Ethernet v tin

nhn SMS vi cc tnh nng:

- Giao tip thnh cng vi mng Ethernet qua chun truyn thng TCP/IP,

thc hin quan st trng thi v ra lnh iu khin thit b qua giao din

Webserver.

-

Giao tip thnh cng vi module SIM900, nhn v gi tin nhn thnh

cng, thc hin iu khin thit b qua tin nhn SMS.

- Cnh bo ti ngi dng v pht tn hiu ra chung khi nhit phng

tng cao vt qu gii hn cho php.

-

Ngoi ra, mch iu khin c thit ksn sng cho vic tch hp thm

cc ngoi vi trong tng lai.


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1.6 S tng quan ca hthng

S tng quan ca h thng:

Ethernet B iu khin

Hnh 1.1: S tng quan hthng

D ang rt xa ngi nh, ngi sdng c thdng my tnh c kt

ni vi mng Internet hoc cc thit bnh in thoi, my tnh bng c htr

tin nhn SMS gi tn hiu ti b iu khin tc ng ln cc thit b in

trong gia nh. iu ny rt thut tin khi bn thng xuyn phi ra khi nh v

mun cp nht trng thi v iu khin hot ng ca cc thit bin trong ngi

nh.


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S khi ca b iu khin:

VI IU KHIN

PIC18F8722

KHIETHERNET

KHICNGSUT

Thit b 2Thit b 1 Thit b 4Thit b 3

MODULESIM900

KHIGIAO

TIP SMS

CMBIN

KHIGIAOTIP

INTERNET

KHINGUN

KHIHIN THLCD

Hnh 1.2: S khi ca biu khin

Chc nng tng khi:

Khi giao tip SMS:

Gm Module SIM900, c chc nng gi nhn tin nhn SMS cho vic iu

khin cc thit b. Module SIM900 c kt ni vi vi iu khin PIC18F8722,

c nhim vnhn SMS gi ti vi iu khin v gi SMS ti ngi sdng khi

c yu cu.

Khi giao tip ETHERNET:Gm ENC26JC0 c kt ni vi vi iu khin PIC18F8722 truyn nhn

tn hiu qua giao thc SPI. Khi ny c nhim v nhn lnh iu khin qua

Webserver vi giao thc TCP/IP. Vi iu khin nhn lnh, thc thi xong v gi

trli kt qu.

Khi vi iu khin PIC18F8722


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Khi trung tm trong vic xl v iu khin. Vi iu khin nhn tn hiu

t khi giao tip SMS, khi giao tip Ethernet v cm bin, sau a ra tn

hiu iu khin ng thi hin thln LCD.

Khi cm bin nhit

Cm bin c sdng l DS18B20 c nhim vo nhit v gi tn

hiu ti vi iu khin. Khi nhit o c ln hn gi trcho php th vi iu

khin pht tn hiu cnh bo.

Khi hin th LCD

Gm TEXT LCD 16x2, c nhim vhin thcc thng tin c lin quan ti

vic iu khin, gip cho giao din gia ngi dng v thit btrc quan hn.

Khi cng sutKhi ny bao gm 4 BJT C1815 c nhim vkhuch i in p kch

cho relay. Khi cng sut vi dng thp, p ng ti tiu tcng sut dn dng

nh bng n.

Khi ngun

To ngun vi hai mc in p 5V cp cho vi iu khin v 3V3 cp cho

ENC26JC0. Ngoi ra module SIM900 c cp ngun vi in p 4V.


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CHNG 2: ETHERNET V H GIAO THC

TCP/IP

2.1 Tng quan v Ethernet2.1.1 Cu trc khung tin Ethernet

Cc chun Ethernet u hot ng tng Data Link trong m hnh 7 lp

OSI v th n v d liu m cc trm trao i vi nhau l cc khung (frame).

Cu trc khung Ethernet nh sau:

Bng 2.1: Cu trc khung MAC theo IEEE 802.3/ Ethernet.

M u

5555H

SFD

(D5H)

a ch

ch

a ch

ngun

di

kiu

gi

D liu PAD FCS

7byte 1 byte 2/6 byte 2/6 byte 2 byte 46-1500 byte 4 byte

Preamble (m u): trng ny nh du s xut hin ca khung bit, n

lun mang gi tr 10101010. T nhm bit ny, pha nhn c th to ra

xung ng h 10 Mhz.

SFD (start frame delimiter): trng ny mi thc s xc nh s bt u

ca 1 khung. N lun mang gi tr 10101011.

Cc trng Destination v Source: mang a ch vt l ca cc trm nhn

v gi khung, xc nh khung c gi t u v s c gi ti u.

LEN: gi tr ca trng ni ln ln ca phn d liu m khung mang

theo.

FCS mang CRC (cyclic redundancy checksum): pha gi s tnh ton

trng ny trc khi truyn khung. Pha nhn tnh ton li CRC ny theo

cch tng t. Nu hai kt qu trng nhau, khung c xem l nhn ng,

ngc li khung coi nh l li v b loi b.


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2.1.2 Cu trc a ch Ethernet

Mi giao tip mng Ethernet c nh danh duy nht bi 48 bit a ch (6

octet). y l a ch c n nh khi sn xut thit b, gi l a ch MAC

(Media Access Control Address ). a ch MAC c biu din bi cc ch s

hexa ( h c s 16 ). V d:00:60:97:8F:4F:86 hoc 00-60-97-8F-4F-86.Khun

dng a ch MAC c chia lm 2 phn:

3 octet u xc nh hng sn xut, chu s qun l ca t chc IEEE.

3 octet sau do nh sn xut n nh.

Kt hp ta l c mt a ch MAC duy nht cho mt giao tip mng

Ethernet. a ch MAC c s dng lm a ch ngun v a ch ch trong

khung Ethernet.

2.1.3 Cc loi khung Ethernet

2.1.3.1 Khung unicast

Khung ny c truyn ti mt trm xc nh. Tt c cc trm trong phn

on mng trn s u nhn c khung ny nhng:

Ch c trm 2 thy a ch MAC ch ca khung trng vi a ch MAC

ca giao tip mng ca mnh nn tip tc x l cc thng tin khc trong

khung.

Cc trm khc sau khi so snh a ch s b qua khng tip tc x l

khung na.

2.1.3.2 Khung broadcast

Cc khung broadcast c a ch MAC ch l FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF. Khi

nhn c cc khung ny, mc d khng trng vi a ch MAC ca giao tip

mng ca mnh nhng cc trm u phi nhn khung v tip tc x l.


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2.1.3.3 Khung multicast

Trm ngun gi khung ti mt s trm nht nh ch khng phi l tt c.

a ch MAC ch ca khung l a ch c bit m ch cc trm trong cng

nhm mi chp nhn cc khung gi ti a ch ny.

2.1.4 Truy nhp bus s dng phng php CSMA/CD

Hnh 2.1: Minh ha phng php CSMA/CD.

Nguyn tc lm vic phng php CSMA/CD:

Theo phng php CSMA/CD, mi trm u c quyn truy nhp bus m

khng cn mt s kim sot no. Phng php c tin hnh nh sau:

Mi trm u phi t nghe ng dn (carrier sense), nu ng dn ri

(khng c tn hiu ) th mi c pht.

Do vic lan truyn tn hiu cn mt thi gian no , nn vn c kh nng

hai trm cng pht tn hiu ln ng dn. Chnh v vy, trong khi pht th


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mi trm vn phi nghe ng dn so snh tn hiu pht i vi tn hiu

nhn c xem c xy ra xung t hay khng (collision detection).

Trong trng hp xy ra xung t, mi trm u phi hy b bc in ca

mnh, ch mt thi gian ngu nhin v th gi li.

2.2 H giao thc TCP/IP

TCP/IP l vit tt ca Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

(Giao thc iu Khin Truyn Thng /Giao thc Internet). Cc tng trong m

hnh ny l:

Tng ng Dng (Application Layer).

Tng Giao Vn (Transport Layer). Tng Lin Mng (Internet Layer).

Tng Giao Tip Mng (Network Interface Layer).

Hnh 2.2: Cu trc hgiao thc TCP/IP.


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2.2.1 Tng ng dng (Application Layer)

Gm nhiu giao thc cung cp cho cc ng dng ngi dng. c s

dng nh dng v trao i thng tin ngi dng v h thng. Mt s giao

thc thng dng trong tng ny l: HTTP,FTP,SMTP,Trong phm vi

n,chng ta s dng giao thc HTTP m c th l xy dng mt Webserver

nhng vo h thng.

HTTP l giao thc truyn ti siu vn bn (HyperText Transfer Protocol).

HTTP xc nh cch cc thng ip c nh dng v truyn ti ra sao v hot

ng ca Webserver v cc trnh duyt Web. Trong m hnh ca HTTP,

Webserver ng thi cng l TCPServer, m sn port mc nh dnh cho dch

v HTTP l TCP80 ( ch listen), sn sng i yu cu kt ni t cc client.

Cc client s khi to kt ni TCP thng qua port ny, sau khi Webserver chp

nhn kt ni, client s gi mt bn tin HTTP (HTTP message) gi l HTTP

request ti server trn kt ni TCP va thit lp. Server s tr li li bng mt

bn tin HTTP khc l HTTP response. Bn tin ny s cha ni dung trang Web

yu cu (c vit bng ngn ng HTML). Nh vy giao thc HTTP s da c

bn trn cc bn tin HTTP, gm 2 loi l HTTP request v HTTP response.

Gi s ta truy nhp vo a ch IP ca webserver l 192.168.1.10 qua trnh duyt:

Lc , my tnh ca chng ta s gi i mt bn tin request ca giao thc

HTTP l HTTP Get thng qua giao thc TCP (vi cng TCP c qui

nh cho giao thc HTTP l 80) n a ch webserver trn.

Webserver, y chnh l vi iu khin ca chng ta nhn c bn tinny (khi i qua ht cc lp giao thc ethernet, IP, TCP ri mi n

HTTP). Ti y vi iu khin s c v phn tch bn tin HTTP request

ny bit my tnh ang yu cu ti ni dung trang web no.

Sau vi iu khin s ly ni dung trang web ny (c son tho theo

ngn ng HTML) cha trn trn ROM, n cng c th thm vo trang


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web mt s thng tin (v d c gi tr t cc sensor cm bin nhit

v a vo trong trang web), v gi ton b ni dung trang web thng qua

giao thc TCP tr li cho my tnh. Nu ni dung trang web ln n c th

c gi i trn rt nhiu gi tin, v mi gi tin ch cha ti a 1460 byte

d liu.

My tnh nhn ni dung trang web v trnh duyt s hin th ln cho chng

ta thy.

iu khin thit b kt ti h thng t xa qua web, trn trang web ta c

th thit k mt nt nhn chng hn. Khi ta nhn nt ny trn trnh duyt,

my tnh s gi i mt bn tin HTTP na l HTTP Get. Vi iu khin s

nhn bn tin HTTP post ny, phn tch d liu cha trong c png tng ng (bt tt bng n) sau n s gitr li ln na ni dung

trang web cp nht nhng thay i va ri.Trnh duyt s cp nht ni

dung ny ln v ta s thy c tc ng ca thao tc iu khin .

2.2.2 Tng giao vn (Transport Layer)

Nhim v ca tng l thit lp phin truyn thng gia cc my tnh v

quy nh cch truyn d liu. Hai giao thc chnh trong tng ny gm UDP(User Datagram Protocol) v TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). Do UDP

cung cp cc knh truyn thng phi kt ni nn n khng m bo truyn d liu

mt cch tin cy nn trong phm vi n chng ta s dng thc TCP. Ngc li

vi UDP, TCP cung cp cc knh truyn thng hng kt ni v m bo truyn

d liu 1 cch tin cy. TCP thng truyn cc gi tin c kch thc ln v yu

cu pha nhn xc nhn v cc gitin nhn.

Cu trc gi TCP:


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Hnh 2.3: Cu trc gi TCP.

Ch thch:

- S port ch v s port ngun: phn bit cc tin trnh ngdng ang xy

ra trong my tnh

-

Cc s sequence v Acknowledgement: s sequence phn bit cc segmentkhc nhau trong mt dng d liu, cc s Acknowledgement dng trong c

ch xc nhn

- Vng Data offset: chiu di ca Header tnh theo n v 32 bit

- Mts c (flags):

.URG (Urgent): thit lp 1 khi c d liu quan trng cn truyn ngay.

.ACK: cho bit c s xc nhn nm trong vng Acknowledgement

.PSH (Push): c thit lp trong trng hp d liu nn c giao tc

thi

.RST (Reset): ch th mt li sai v hy b phin lm vic
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.SYN (Synchronize): trong cc bn tin khi to khi thit lp mt kt ni

truyn d liu

. FIN (Finish): dng ng 1 phin lm vic

-

Vng Window: ch ra s lng khng gian b m kh dng nhn d liu- Vng Checksum: vng kim tra sai cho c segment

- Vng Urgent Pointer: ch ra chiu di ca d liu urgent

- Vng Options: xc nh kch thc cc i ca 1 segment

C th hn, vai tr ca TCP trong chng giao thc TCP gm 3 chc nng

chnh: iu khin lung, kim sot li v bo nhn.

- iu khin lung: iu phi tc v kch thc lung d liu m bo

pha nhn kh nng nhn v x l lung d liu.

- Kim sot li: m bo cc gi tin n ng v .

- Bo nhn: khi nhn c d liu v khng c li, pha nhn phi bo li vi

pha gi bit.

thc hin c cc chc nng , mt qu trnh truyn d liu qua giao

thc TCP (m ta gi l phin truyn thng session) gm c 3 giai on: Thit

lp kt ni, truyn d liu v gii phng kt ni.

c th gim st cht ch trng thi v mi s kin xy ra trong mt kt

ni TCP, trng thi ca mt kt ni TCP c chuyn i tun theo mt lu

trng thi nh sau:


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Trong lu trn, p dng cho c client v server. C client v server u

bt u bng trng thi Close. Client s thit lp kt ni theo con ng Active

Open (n ch ng thit lp kt ni). Server s thit lp kt ni theo con ng

Passive Open (th ng, v n i client bt u m)

Qu trnh chuyn trng thi:

- C hai bt u bng trng thi close, khng c kt ni no tn ti.

- Khi Server m mt port TCP i client thit lp kt ni, n chuyn

sang trng thi Listen.

-

Khi client gi i bn tin SYN, n chuyn sang trng thi SYN sent.- Lc ny khi server nhn c bn tin SYN t client v gi p li 1 bn

tin SYN, n chuyn sang trng thi SYN Received.

- Lc ny client gi li bn tin xc nhn ACK (bc 3 trong v d), n

chuyn sang trng thi thit lp kt ni Established.

- Server nhn c bn tin ACK trn ca client, n cng chuyn sang trng

thi Established.

- Sau hai bn tin hnh truyn d liu, trng thi c hai u l

Established. Mt trong hai pha truyn xong d liu, n y th vai tr

hai bn l nh nhau, ta gi s client truyn xong d liu trc, n s gi

bn tin FIN, v chuyn sang trng thi FIN wait 1.

-

Pha server nhn c bn tin ny, gi xc nhn ACK, v chuyn sangtrng thi Close wait.

- Khi client nhn c xc nhn t server (nhn c bn tin ACK trn) th

n chuyn sang trng thi FIN wait 2.


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- n lc ny server vn c th tip tc gi d liu v client vn tip tc

nhn (v ch c client bo l gi xong d liu).

- n khi no server cng gi ht d liu, n s gi i bn tin FIN, cho bit

n cng gi xong d liu v chuyn sang trng thi LAST ACK. Khi client nhn c bn tin FIN trn t server, n gi xc nhn (ACK) v

chuyn sang trng thi Time wait, sau ch 1 khong thi gian

Timeout v ng kt ni, quay li trng thi Close.

- Khi server nhn c n cng chuyn t Last ACK sang Close

(khng cn i Timeout)

2.2.3 Tng Internet (Internet Layer)

Nm bn trn tng truy nhp mng. Tng ny cchc nng gn a ch,

ng gi v nh tuyn (Route) d liu. 4 giao thc quan trng nht trong tng

ny gm:

- IP (Internet Protocol): C chc nng gn a ch cho d liu trc khi

truyn v nh tuyn chng ti ch.

- ARP (Address Resolution Protocol): C chc nng bin dch a ch IP

ca my ch thnh a ch MAC.

- ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol): C chc nng thng bo li

trong trng hp truyn d liu b hng.

-IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol): C chc nng iu khin

truyn a hng (Multicast) .

Cu trc ca gi IP:


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Hnh 2.5: Cu trc gi tin IP.

ngha:

- Version (c chiu di 4 bit): cho bit phin bn ca giao thc, i vi

trng hp ca chng ta, giao thc l IP version 4, trng ny s lun c

gi tr l 4 (0100).

- Header Length (4 bit): cho bit chiu di ca header IP, tnh theo n v 4

byte (32 bit).

-

TOS (8 bit): Type of Service.

-

Total Length (16 bit): 16 bit tng chiu di ca gi IP gm c phn header.

- Identification (16 bit): dng nhn din cc phn on ca gi IP.

-

Flags:

. Bit u tinkhng s dng.

. Bit 2: DF (Dont Fragment) = 1 c ngha l khng phn on gi ny.

. Bit 3: MF (More Fragment) = 0 => y l phn on cui cng.

- Fragmented offset (13 bit): di (n v 8 byte) tnh t im bt u ca.

Header ti im bt u ca phn on
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ngha:

Hardware type (2 bytes): cho bit loi a ch phn cng, i vi a ch

MAC ca giao thc ethernet th gi tr ny c qui nh l "0x0001".

Protocol type (2 bytes): cho bit loi a ch giao thc lp trn, i vi ach IP, gi tr ny c qui nh l 0x0800.

HLEN (1 byte): cho bit chiu di ca a ch vt l (a ch MAC).

PLEN (1 byte): cho bit chiu di ca a ch giao thc (a ch IP).

Operation (2 bytes): cho bit hot ng ang thc hin trong gi tin ny

(request hay reply).

Sender H/W (hardware address, 6 bytes): a ch vt l ca pha gi.

Sender IP (4 bytes): a ch IP ca pha gi.

Target H/W (6 bytes): a ch vt l ca pha nhn, nu cha bit th s l

cha ton 0.

Target IP (4 bytes): a ch IP ca pha nhn.

Cch thc m d liu c gi qua giao thc ARP c tin hnh nh sau:

- Khi giao thc IP a xung yu cu tm ch MAC ca host c IP l a.b.c.d

th n phi tr li ngay a ch MAC ca a ch trn dng

XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX.

- Cch thc ARP ly thng tin gii quyt vn trn l: giao thc ARP duy

tr mt bng gi l ARP cache gm hai ct, mt ct ghi a ch IP, mt ct

ghi a ch MAC tng ng vi a ch IP . Mi khi c hi bi giao

thc IP, n s tra bng ny tm cu tr li. Khi c hi v mt a ch

IP a.b.c.d no m khng c sn trong bng ARP cache, n s lp tc

tm trong mng LAN phn t c a ch IP l a.b.c.d bng cch gi yu

cu ti cc phn t trong mng LAN. Cc phn t ny u nhn c yu

cu v phn t no c IP a.b.c.d s tr li li a ch MAC ca n l

XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX. Vy giao thc ARP s lp tc thm cp a ch


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IP a.b.c.d v a ch MAC XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX vo trong bng ARP

cache v tr li li cho giao thc IP.

2.2.4 Tnggiao tip mng

Tng giao tip mng lin quan ti vic trao i d liu gia hai trm thitb trong cng mt mng. Giao thc c s dng trong phm vi n l giao

thc Ethernet. Phn cng c s dng chip giao tip Ethernet ENC28J60 giao

tip qua chun SPI ( Serial Pheripheral Interface ).

Trong chng giao thcTCP/IP, giao thc Ethernet ng vai tr lp truy

nhp v truyn dn. Vic gi v nhn d liu lp Ethernet c thc hin da

vo a ch vt l hay cn gi l a ch MAC. Trong mi khung Ethernet ucha 2 a ch MAC: mt a ch ca host gi v mt a ch ca host nhn. Khi

lp Ethernet nhn c mt khung d liu, trc ht n s kim tra a ch host

nhn xem c phi l a ch ca n khng (tc l gi cho n), nu ng n s

nhn khung ny v chuyn n lp IP. Ngoi ra cn c 1 trng hp na lp

Ethernet s nhn khung l nu a ch host nhn l a ch broadcast (tc l gi

cho tt c mi my trong mng LAN), trong trng hp ny frame s c nhn

v x l.

Ngoi vic kim tra a ch, trong khng Ethernet cn c 1 trng cha m

kim tra li gip pht hin nhng li xy ra trong qu trnh truyn, cc khung b

xc nh l c li s b b qua.

Trong mch ca chng ta, vic kim tra li v kim tra a c thc hin

t ng bi IC ENC28J60, do ta khng cn lp trnh cho cc chc nng ny.Mikhi nhn c mt khung trn ng truyn, ENC28J60 s kim tra li xem

c sai st khng, tip n s i chiu a ch host nhn vi a ch c

cu hnh cho n (trong cc thanh ghi a ch MAC: MAADR0-5).


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2.3 Microchip TCP/IP Stack

2.3.1 Cu trc ca Microchip TCP/IP Stack

TCP/IP Stack l b th vin v mt s cng c phn mm ca Microchip

h tr vit phn mm cho h thng nhng s dng vi iu khin ca hng.Th vin xy dng hu ht cc hm giao tip gia cc lp cng nh h tr

xy dng mt Webserver nhng.

TCP/IP cng c cc Module s dng cho lp ng dng nh: HTTP cho

Web, SMTP cho gi v nhn Email, SNMP cho giao thc trng thi v iu

khin. Telnet cho iu khin t xa, TFTP.

Hnh 2.7: Cu trc ca Stack.

Hnh 2.8: So snh cu trc TCP/IP tham kho v cu trc Stack ca Microchip.


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Ngoi nhng module chnh ging nh cu trc TCP/IP tham kho th

Microchip a thm vo Stack 2 module mi l StackTask v ARPTask.

StackTask qun l s vn hnh v tt c cc module ca Stack. Trong khi ,

ARPTask qun l cc dch v ca lp ARP ( Address Resolution Protocol).

2.3.2 Hot ng ca TCP/IP Stack

Hot ng ca TCP/IP Stack l cc nhim v s c chia thnh cc tc

v ( y l TCP, UDP, Ping,). Tt c hot ng ca TCP/IP s c mt

ng h chung qun l theo Time Split. Tc l c mt Timer h thng (Timer1),

c mi khong thi gian ngn s ngt (gi l mt TICK), khi b ngt, h thng s

treo li, ng cnh ca tt c cc tc v c b lp lch li ra, xem xt tc v no

c chy theo kiu chia s thi gian (v khng c mc u tin cho tc v). Sau

cho php tc v chim quyn thc thi ca CPU. n TICK tip theo, h

thng li treo li, v li li ng cnh ra, c tip tc nh vy mi.

Vi c ch hot ng ny, vi iu khin c coi nh mt lc c th va

thc hin TCP, va thc hin UDP, Ping,va c th l Server v Client cng

mt lc.

V vy, PIC nu c thit lp ch TCP Server/Client s hot ngng thi c hai hot ng ny. Server lng nghe kt ni t Client no trn

mng. Cn Client th gi lnh m cng kt ni ti mt Server no cng trn

mng, m ta c th xc lp c.

V vy, hot ng ca cc tc v l c lp vi nhau, khng chu nh

hng ln nhau.

Vic cu hnh cho Stack c thc hin trong file TCPIPConfig.h ca

Project.


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CHNG 3: TNG QUAN V TIN NHN SMS V

MODULE SIM900

3.1 Tng quan vtin nhn SMSSMS l tvit tt ca Short Message Service. l mt cng nghcho

php gi v nhn cc tn nhn gia cc in thoi vi nhau. Dliu c thc

lu gibi mt tin nhn SMS l rt gii hn. Mt tin nhn SMS c thcha ti

a l 140 byte (1120 bit) dliu. V vy, mt tin nhn SMS chc thcha :

+

160 k tnu nh m ha k t7 bit c sdng.

+ 70 k tnu nh m ha k t16 bit Unicode UCS2 c sdng.

Tin nhn SMS dng text htrnhiu ngn ngkhc nhau. N c thhot

ng tt vi nhiu ngn ng m c h tr m Unicode, bao gm c Arabic,

Trung Quc, Nht bn v Hn Quc.

3.2 Gii thiu Module SIM900

3.2.1 Tng quan vModule SIM900

Hnh 3.1: Module Sim900


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Sim900 l mt module GSM/GPRS cc knhgn, c thit kcho th

trng ton cu. Sim900 hot ng c 4 bng tn GSM 850MHz, EGSM

900MHz, DCS 1800MHz v PCS 1900MHz nh l mt loi thit bu cui vi

mt Chip x l n nhn y sc mnh, tng cng cc tnh nng quan trng

da trn nn vi x l ARM926EJ-S, mang li nhiu li ch tkch thc nh

gn (24x24 mm), p ng nhng yu cu v khng gian trong cc ng dng

M2M.

3.2.2 Kho st s chn v chc nng tng chn

Hnh 3.2 S chn ca Module Sim900


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CHNG 4: THIT KV THI CNG

4.1 Phn tch yu cu iu khin

Trong mt gia nh thng thng ngy nay, TV, hthng nghe nhn, my

tnh, n chiu sng, rm ca v in thoi di ng, ngy cng tr nn d s

dng v a nng hn, nhng mi thit bhot ng c lp vi cc biu khin

dng ring. iu ny c ngha l c rt nhiu biu khin, nt chnh lm cho

cuc sng thm phc tp.

Vi ngha mt ngi nh thng minh, cc thit bni trn sc tch

hp trong mt hthng ng nht, cung cp cc chc nng ca tng loi thit b

nhng c iu khin tp trung tbiu khin trung tm. Nh vy, cc thit

bthng minh ri rc trc y giy l cc thnh phn cu thnh nn mt

hthng thng minh.

Phn tch cc thit bin cn iu khin trong mt gia nh thng thng,

ta nhn thy cc thit bin trong gia nh chyu l cc bin logic, chc 2

trng thi tt hoc mv dnh qut, iu ha, tivi, bng n Song bn cnh

cng c mt s bin c dng snguyn, s thc nh nhit phng, mc

nc trong b, mca rm ca Vi nhng bin kiu logic, ta chcn xc

nh trng thi ca thit bv yu cu iu khin bt hoc mthit bkhi c

yu cu. Cn vi nhng bin kiu snguyn, s thc nh nhit , mc nc

trong b th ta cn c cm bin o xc nh c gi tr ca bin thi

im hin ti. V d, mun h thng tng bt iu ha khi nhit phng

cao th ta cn ta cn c mt cm bin nhit xc nh nhit phng ti thi

im hin ti. Nu nhit phng cao hn mt gi trta nh trc th hthng

stng iu khin bt iu ha ln, v khi nhit hthp gi trta nh

trc th hthng siu khin tt iu ha i.


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Yu cu iu khin c t ra i vi hthng l ngi dng c ths

dng my tnh c ni mng, hoc in thoi, my tnh bng c tnh nng nhn tin

SMS a ra yu cu iu khin txa. Biu khin nhn lnh, xl ri sau

a ra tn hiu iu khin thch hp, sau khi iu khin xong th thng bo

ngc li cho ngi sdng bit thc hin thnh cng cng nh thng bo

trng thi ca thit bhin thi.

Nh thng minh l mt ti mvi rt nhiu cc ng dng, cc tin ch

c thp dng nhm phc vnhu cu ngy cng nng cao ca con ngi. Chnh

v vy m gii hn trong n tt nghip chng em khng thgii quyt c

ht cc bi ton trn thc t. Trc mt, chng em sthi cng mt biu khin

c khnng giao tip truyn thng qua mng Ethernet v tin nhn SMS, t

ngi sdng c tha ra yu cu iu khin ng hoc mmt sthit b

in txa, ngoi ra biu khin cn c khnng nhn tn hiu t cm bin

nhit v thng bo cho ngi sdng bit thng tin vnhit trong phng.

V hng i trong tng lai, chng em s m rng v pht trin thm

nhiu module, nng cao khnng giao tip ca thit bhn na, tng tnh tng

tc vi ngi sdng cng nh tng an ton cho ngi nh thng minh.


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4.2 Thit kphn cng mch chnh


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4.4 Thit kWebserver


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TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Hong Minh Sn Mng Truyn Thng Cng NghipNXB Khoa Hc V

K Thut 2006.

[2] Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Rolin D.McKinlay, Danny Causey PIC

Microcontroller and Embedded SystemsCourier Kendallville, Inc2008

[3] Jeremy BenthamTCP/IP LeanCMP Book2002

[4] Mt S Trang Web Tham Kho:

www.picvietnam.com

www.dientuvietnam.com

www.eprojects.ljcv.net

www.google.com.vn
http://www.picvietnam.com/http://www.dientuvietnam.com/http://www.google.com.vn/http://www.google.com.vn/http://www.dientuvietnam.com/http://www.picvietnam.com/


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PH LC 1: VI IU KHIN PIC18F8722

1. GII THIU TNG QUAN V PIC18F8722

1.1.

Gii thiu v PIC18F8722Khi x l trung tm m ng vai tr chnh l PIC 18F8722 s lm nhim

v chnh l tip nhn v x l cc d liu n v i mt cch t ng. ti s

dng PIC 18F8722 v nhng u im vt tri ca n so vi cc vi iu khin

khc.V mt tnh nng v cng nng th c th xem PIC vt tri hn rt nhiu

so vi cc dng VK khc vi nhiu module c tch hp sn nh ADC 10

BIT, FLASH 128Kb, PWM 10 BIT, EEPROM 1024 BYTE, 2

COMPARATER

Vi iu khin ny hon ton p ng c cc yu cu v b nh

RAM,kh nng x l. N cn p ng tt v mt c hc v vt l nh bn,

kh nng tin cy, kh nng tit kim in. Tch hp sn b ADC chuyn tn

hiu t cc cm bin a vo vi iu khin.Vi iu khin ny c y cc

chun truyn thng nh UART hay SPI thc hin nhim v truyn thng v

giao tip gia VK v SIM900,hay IC ENC28J60

Ngoi ra, PIC c ngn ng h tr cho vic lp trnh ngoi ngn ng

Asembly cn c ngn ng C th c th s dng nhiu cng c lp trnh nh CCS,

MPLAB, MirkoBasic.. Chnh v vy chng ta s c nhiu thun li trong vic d

dng tm kim cc thng tin lp trnh cho cc dng PIC.

Dng PIC 18F8722 c chn s dng trong ti l dng ph thng vi

cc tnh nng c bn v d cho vic s dng vi:Tp lnh lp trnh ch c 35 lnh rtd nh v d hc, c di 16bit.

Mi lnh u c thc thi trong 1 chu k xung clock. Tc hot ng ti a

cho php l 40MHz.

Thng s v tnh nng c bn ca vi iu khin PIC18F8722

128k Flash Rom.


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3936 Bytes Ram.

1024 Bytes EEPROM

9 Port iukhin vo ra vi tn hiu iu khin c lp

2 b nh thi 8 bit v 3 b nh thi 16 bit

2 b module CCP v 3 b module ECCP.

1 b ADC vi 16 knh ADC 10 bit.

2 b so snh tng t hot ng c lp.

B gim st nh thi Watchdog timer.

Cng giaotip song song 8 bit vi cc tn hiu iu khin.

Chun giao tip ni tip MSSP (SPI/I2C)

Chun giao tip ni tip USART (AUSART/EUSART) H tr giao tip I2C.

Ch sleep tit kim nng lng.

C th hot ng vi nhiu dng Oscillator khc nhau.

Tns hot ng ti a l 40Mhz.

B nh Flash vi kh nng ghi xa c 100.000 ln

B nh EEPROM vi kh nng ghi xa c 1.000.000 ln

D liu EEPROM c th lu tr trn 40 nm

Kh nng t np chng trnh vi s iu khin ca phn mm.

1.2. S khi ca PIC18F8722


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Hnh 1.1: S khi vi iu khin PIC18F8722


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B nh chng trnh ca Vi iu khin PIC 18F8722 l b nh flash, dung

lng b nh 128K word (1 word = 16bit).

Khi vi iu khin c reset, b m chng trnh s ch n a ch

0000h (Reset vertor). Khi c ngt mc yu tin cao xy ra, b m chng trnh

s ch n a ch 0008h. Khi c ngt mc yu thp xy ra, b m chng trnh

s ch n a ch 0018h B nh chng trnh bao gm b nh Stack v c a

ch ha bi b m chng trnh.

Hnh 1.3B nh chng trnh PIC 18F8722

2.2.2. B nh d liu

B nh d liu ca PIC l b nh EEPROM c chia ra lm nhiu bank.

i vi PIC 18F8722 b nh d liu c chia ra lm 16 bank.


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Hnh 1.4: S t chc b nh d liu PIC 18F8722

2.3. Cc cng vo ra ca vi iu khin


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Cng xut nhp (I/O port) chnh l phng tin m vi iu khin dng

tng tc vi th gii bn ngoi. S tng tc ny rt a dng v thng qua qu

trnh tng tc , chc nng ca vi iu khin c th hin mt cch r rng.

Mt cng xut nhp ca vi iu khin bao gm nhiu chn (I/O pin), ty

theo cch b tr v chc nng ca vi iu khin m s lng cng xut nhp v

s lng chn trong mi cng c th khc nhau. Bn cnh , do vi iu khin

c tch hp sn bn trong cc c tnh giao tip ngoi vi nn bn cnh chc

nng l cng xut nhp thng thng, mt s chn xut nhp cn c thm cc

chc nng khc th hin s tc ng ca cc c tnh ngoi vi nu trn i vi

th gii bn ngoi. Chc nng ca tng chn xut nhp trong mi cng hon

ton c th c iu khin c thng qua cc thanh ghi SFR lin quan nchn xut nhp .

Vi iu khin PIC18F8722 c 9 cng xut nhp, bao gm PORTA,

PORTB, PORTC, PORTD, PORTE, PORTF, PORTG, PORTH, PORTJ

Trong khun kh n s kho st PORTA v c im v phng php

iu khin cc PORT khc khng c nhiu s khc bit. Bn cnh mi PORT

cn c thm cc chc nng ring bit nh ngt, ADC, b so snh. PORTA

PORTA (RPA) bao gm 8 I/O pin. y l cc chn c th xut v nhp

c. Chc nng I/O ny c iu khin bi thanh ghi TRISA (a ch 92h).

Mun xc lp chc nng ca mt chn trong PORTA l input, ta set bit iu

khin tng ng vi chn trong thanh ghi TRISA v ngc li, mun xc lp

chc nng ca mt chn trong PORTA l output, ta clear bit iu khin tng

ng vi chn trong thanh ghi TRISA. Thao tc ny hon ton tng t i vi

cc PORT v cc thanh ghi iu khin tng ng TRIS (i vi PORTA l

TRISA, i vi PORTB l TRISB..). Cc thanh ghi SFR chnh lin quan n

PORTA bao gm:

PORTA : gi tr logic ca cc chn trong PORTA.


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TRISA : iu khin hng xut nhp cho PORTA

LATA : thanh ghi iu khin d liu PORTA.

2.4.

Hot ngnh thi Timer

Vi iukhin PIC18F8722 c n 5 Timer l Timer0, Timer1, Timer2, Timer3

v Timer4. Trong c 2 Timer 8 bit v 3 Timer 16 bit.

B nh thi Timer1

B nh thi Timer1 l mt b nh thi/b m 16 bit gm hai thanh ghi

TMR1H ( byte cao ) v TMR1L ( byte thp )m c th c hoc ghi . Cp thanh

ghi ny tng s m t 0000h n FFFFh v mt trn s xut hin khi c s

chuyn s m t FFFFh xung 0000h . Ngt, nu c php c th pht ra khi

c s m trn v c t bit c ngt TMR1IF. Ngt c th c php hoc

cm bng cch t hoc xa bit cho php ngt TMR1IE.

B nh thi Timer1 c th c cu hnh hot ng mt trong hai ch

sau:

nh thi mt khong thi gian ( Timer )

m s kin ( Counter )

Vic la chn mt trong hai ch c xc nh bng cch t hoc xabit chn clock TMR1CS. Trong ch nh mt khong thi gian, b nh thi

tng s m ln sau mi chu k lnh. Trong ch m s kin, b nh thi

tng sau mi cnh ln ca clock ngoi t vo.B nh thi 1 c th c php

hoc cm bng cch t hoc xa bit iu khin TMR1ON.

Hnh 1.5: Thanh ghi iu khin Timer1


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Hnh 1.6: S khi Timer1

Hnh 1.7: S khi Timer1 (16-BIT READ/WRITE MODE)

Hnh 1.8: Cc thanh ghi lin quan n b nh thi Timer1

2.5.

Ngt


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PIC18F8722 c nhiu ngun to ra hot ng ngt v c iu khin bi

rt nhiu thanh ghi: RCON; INTCON; INTCON2; INTCON3; PIR1, PIR2;

PIE1, PIE2; IPR1, IPR2. Bn cnh mi ngt cn c mt bit iu khin v c

ngt ring. Cc c ngt vn c set bnh thngkhi tha mn iu kin ngt

xy ra bt chp trng thi ca bit GIE, tuy nhin hot ng ngt vn ph thuc

vo bit GIE v cc bit iu khin khc. Bit iu khin ngt RB0/INT0 v TMR0

nm trong thanh ghi INTCON, thanh ghi ny cn cha bit cho php cc ngt

ngoi vi PEIE. Bit iu khin cc ngt nm trong thanh ghi PIE1 v PIE2. Cc

c ngt ngoi vi c cha trong hai thanh ghi chc nng c bit : thanh ghi

PIR1 v PIR2.Cc bit cho php ngt tng ng c cha trong hai thanh ghi

PIE 1 v PIE 2.Trong mt thi im ch c mt chng trnh ngt c thc thi, chng

trnh ngt c kt thc bng lnh RETFIE. Khi chng trnh ngt c thc thi,

bit GIE t ng c xa, a ch lnh tip theo ca chng trnh chnh c ct

vo trong b nh Stack v b mchng trnh s ch n a ch 0008h. Lnh

RETFIE c dng thot khi chng trnh ngt v quay tr v chng trnh

chnh, ng thi bit GIE cng s c set cho php cc ngt hot ng tr li.Cc c hiu c dng kim tra ngt no ang xy ra v phi c xa bng

chng trnh trc khi cho php ngt tip tc hot ng tr li ta c th pht

hin c thi im tip theo m ngt xy ra.

Khi mt ngt c p ng, bit GIE c xa v cm tt c cc ngt

khc.C ngt phi c xa bi phn mm trc khi cho php li ngt.Thng

thng, trc khi thc hin cc chng trnh phc v ngt, ni dung cc thanh

ghi w v status nn c lu li bo m an ton v c phc hi trc khi

tr li chng trnh chnh.

i vi cc ngt ngoi vi nhngt t chn INT hay ngt t s thay i

trng thi cc Pin ca PortB (PORTB interrupt-on-change), vic xc nh ngt

no xy ra cn 3 hoc 4 chu k lnh ty thuc vo thi im xy ra ngt.


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Trong qu trnh thc thi ngt, ch c gi tr ca b m chng trnh c

ct vo trong Stack, trong khi mt s thanh ghi quan trng s khng c ct v

c th b thay i gi tr trong qu trnh thc thi chng trnh ngt. iu ny nn

c x l bng chng trnh trnh hin tng trn xy ra.

Hnh 1.9: S logic ca tt c cc ngt trong vi iu khin PIC18F8722

2.6.

Truyn thng ni tip

EUSART (Enhanced Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver

Transmitter) l mt b truyn thng ni tip. y s kho st b truyn thng

ni tip trong ch khng ngb

ch truyn ny EUSART hot ng theo chun NRZ (None-Return-

to-Zero), ngha l cc bit truyn i s bao gm 1 bit Start, 5,6,7,8 hoc 9 bit d

liu v 1 bit Stop. Bit LSB (Least Significant Bit) s c truyn i trc. Cc

khi truyn v nhn data c lp vi nhau s dng chung tn s tng ng vi


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tc baud cho qu trnh dch d liu (tc baud gp 16 hay 64 ln tc dch

d liu ty theo gi tr ca bit BRGH), v m bo tnh hiu qu ca d liu

th hai khi truyn v nhn phi dng chung mt nh dng d liu.

B EUSART bt ng b bao gm cc thnh phn quan trng sau:

B pht tc baud ( BRG )

Mch ly mu

B pht bt ng b.

B thu bt ng b.

B pht bt ng b EUSART.

Phn chnh ca b pht l thanh ghi dch ni tip pht (TSR). N nhn d

liu t thanh ghi m pht TXREG. Thanh ghi TXREG c np d liu biphn mm.Thanh ghi TXR s khng c np d liu cho n khi stop bit

c pht i trong ln np trc . ngay khi stop bit c pht.TSR c np

gi tr mi t thanh ghi TXREG. Mi khi TXREG pht d liu n TSR.TXREG

rng v c TXIF c bt.Ngt ny c th c cho php hoc khng cho php

bng cch t hoc xa bit TXIE ( PIE). C TXIF s c t bt chp

trng thi ca bit TXIE v khng th c xa bi phn mm. N ch c thc xa khi d liu mi c np vo thanh ghi TXREG. Trong khi bit TXIF

ch ra trng thi ca thanh ghi TXREG th bit TRMT li ch ra trng thi ca

thanh ghi TSR.Bit ny ch c th c, c t khi thanh ghi TSR rng.

Vic pht d liu c php bng cch cho php bit TXEN. Vic pht d

liu thc s khng xy ra cho n khi thanh ghi TXREG c np d liu v b

BRG to ra mt clock dch.Vic pht d liu cng c th c bt u bng np

thanh ghi TXREG v cho php bit TXEN.

c th pht 9 bit d liu , bit TX9 c t v 9 bit d liu c ghi

n bit TX9D.Bit th 9 phi c ghi trc khi ghi 8 bit d liu n TXREG.

thit lp ch pht bt ng b , cc bc sau c thc hin :


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1. Thit lp tc Baud cho thanh ghi SPBRGH:SPBRG , nu tc

baud c yu cu cao , t bit BRGH.

2. Set chn iu khin RX/DT v TX/CK bng 1.

3. Cho php port ni tip bt ng b bng cch xa bit SYNC v bit

SPEN.

4. Nu cn pht 9 bit d liu , t bit TX9.

5. Set bit iu khin CKTXP nu dliu pht b o ngc.

6. Cho php pht d liu bng cch t bit iu khin TXEN, c th ngt

bit TXIF

7. Nu ngt c yu cu , cho php bit TXIE. Trng hp c s dng

ngt , phi bo m rng bit GIE v bit PEIE trong thanh ghi INTCONc t.

8. Nu cn pht 9 bit d liu , bit th 9 s ph thuc vo bit d liu

TX9D

9. Nhn 8 bit d liu t thanh ghi TXREG. C th bt u truyn d liu.

Hnh 1.10: S khi b truyn d liu EUSART bt ng b


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Hnh 1.11: Cc thanh ghi lin quan n qu trnh truynbt ng b

B thu bt ng b EUSART

S khi ca b thu c ch ra hnh v D liu nhn trn chn

RC7/RX/DT v dn vo khi khi phc d liu. Khi khi phc d liu tht ral dch d liu tc cao, hot ng nhanh gp 16 ln tc Baud. Mt khi ch

bt ng b c chn th vic tip nhn c php bng cch t Bit CREN

(RCSTA).

Trung tm ca b nhn l thanh ghi dch nhn RSR. Sau khi ly mu Bit

Stop d liu nhn trong RSR c truyn n thanh ghi RCREG. Nu vic

truyn hon tt th Bit C RCIF ln 1. Ngt tht s cho php hoc khng chophp bng cch t hoc xa Bit RCIE. C RCIF ch l 1 Bit ch c v c x

bi phn cng. N c xa khi thanh ghi RCREG c c v hon ton

khng c d liu. RCREG l 1 thanh ghi b m i (Bi v n cho 2 Byte d

liu c th truyn v nhn ng thi n RCREG FIFO v Byte th 3 bt u

c dch chuyn n thanh ghi RSR). Khi pht hin ra Bit Stop ca Byte th 3

ny, Nu thanh ghi RCREG vn cn y th Bit bo li trnOERR(RCSTA),

s ln1. Nhng d liu trong RSR s mt i. V thanh ghi RCREG c th c

c 2 ln ly li 2 Byte trong FIFO. Bit bo trn OERR phi c xa trong

phn mm.

thit lp ch thu bt ng b, cc bc sau c yu cu :


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1. Khi to thanh ghi SPBRGH:SPBRG,BRGH v BRG16 bit cho vic chn

sai s tc Baud.

2. Set chn iu khin RX/DT v TX/CK bng 1.

3. Cho php nhn qua Port ni tip bt ng b bng cch xa Bit SYNC v

cho Bit SPEN ln 1.

4.Nu ngt xy ra th set Bit RCIE v Nu s dng ngt th set bit GIE v

PEIE ca thanh ghi INTCON.

5.Nu nhn 9-Bit d liu th set Bit RX9 .

6. Set bit CKTXP nu d liu nhn b o ngc.

7. Cho php nhn d liu bng cch set Bit CREN.

8.

Sau khi d liu c nhn , Bit C ngt RCIF s c set v c ngt ckch hot (nu bit RCIE c set).

9. c ni dung thanh ghi RCSTA nhn bit d liu th 9 v xc nh cc

li xy trong qu trnh thu d liu.

10.Nhn 8 bit d liu thu c bng cch c ni dung thanh ghi RCREG.

11.Nu xut hin li trong qu trnh nhn th xa li bng cch xa BitCREN


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Hnh 1.12: S khi b nhn d liu EUSART khng ng b

Hnh 1.13: Cc thanh ghi lin quan n qu trnh nhn d liu khng ng b

2.7.

Truyn thng SPI

SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) l mt dng giao thc truyn ni tip

c dng giao tip gia VK vi cc thit bngoi vi (EEPROM,

SDcard)

2.7.1.

ChSPI trong vi iu khin PIC


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Giao tip SPI c hin thc qua 4 chn ca vi iu khin:

SDI( Serial Data In ): Tn hiu ni tip c a vo vi iu khin

SDO( Serial Data Out): Tn hiu ni tip tvi iu khin i ra

CLK(Clock): xung clock to ra bi master

SS(Slave Select): tch cc mc thp, dng chn slave truyn dliu.

Hnh 1.14: S khi bSPI

2.7.2.Cc thanh ghi iu khin SPI

ChSPI c iu khin bng 4 thanh ghi sau:

MSSP Control Register 1 (SSPCON1)


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MSSP Status Register (SSPSTAT)

Serial Receive/Transmit Buffer Register(SSPBUF)

MSSP Shift Register(SSPSR)thanh ghi ny khng c truy xut

bi ngi dng

Hai thanh ghi SSPCON1 v SSPSTAT l hai thanh ghi iu khin, cn

thanh ghi SSPSR l thanh ghi dng dch dliu ra/vo vi iu khin,

SSPBUF l thanh ghi dng c dliu tngoi vo hoc ghi dliu

truyn ra ngoi. chnhn, 2 thanh SSPBUF v SSPSR l 1 bbuffer i,

khi dliu tngoi truyn vo c lu y trong SSPSR(8 bits) th dliu

ny c truyn ti thanh ghi SSPBUF ngi dng ly ra. Cn ch

truyn th khi dliu c ghi vo thanh ghi SSPBUF th cng lc dliu cng c ghi vo thanh ghi SSPSR dch ra ngoi.

Thanh ghi SSPSTAT

Hnh 1.15: Thanh ghi SSPSTATBit 7:

SMP Sample bit

SPI Master mode

1 = dliu vo sc ly cui chu kxung clock

0 = dliu vo sc ly gia chu kcung clock

SPI Slave mode

SMP phi c gn bng 0

Bit 6:

CKE SPI Clock Select bit

Bit 0:


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BF BuFffer Full Status bit (dnh cho qu trnh nhn)

1 = qu trnh nhn hon thnh, SSPBUF y

0 = qu trnh nhn ang thc hin, SSPBUF trng

Thanh ghi SSPCON1

Hnh 1.16: Thanh ghi SSPCON1

Bit 7:

WCOL Write Collision Detect bit(chdng chtruyn tn hiu)1 = thanh ghi SSPBUF c ghi dliu trong khi dliu c truyn cha ht

0 = khng c ng

Bit 6:

SSPOV Receive Overflow Indicator bit(dng chnhn tn hiu)

1 = c dliu mi nhn vghi ln thanh ghi SSPBUF trong khi dliu trc

cha c c.

0 = dliu khng bghi

Bit 5:

SSPEN Synchronous Serial Port Enable bit

1 = bt chSPI v cc chn SDI, SDO, SCK, SS c cu hnh tng ng.

0 = tt chSPI

Bit 4:

CKP Clock Polarity Select bit

1 = thit lp trng thi rnh khi xung clock mc cao

0 = thit lp trng thi rnh khi xung clock mc thp

Bit 3-0:


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SSPM3:SSPM0 Synchronous Serial Port Mode Select bit

0101 = chslave, clock = chn SCK, tt chc nng ca chn SS

0100 = chslave, clock = chn SCK, bt chc nng ca chn SS

0011 = chmaster, clock = tn sca timer 2 /2

0010 = chmaster, clock = Fosc / 64



PHLC2: GII THIU V TRNH BIN DCH

MPLAB C181.

GII THIU

MPLAB C18 l mt trnh bin dch C theo chun ANSI dng cho dng

PIC18 ca Microchip. MPLAB C18 v cc cng c i km cng c th c gi

bn trong MPLAB IDE.

Trnh bin dch MPLAB C18 s dngngn ngC chun lm chos pht

trin cacc ng dng h thng nhng d dng hn.

2.

CC C TRNG CA TRNH DCH MPLAB C18:

Tng thch vi chun ANSI-89.

Tch hp MPLAB IDE c th d dng qun l project .

Tng thch vi cc module i tng c to bi trnh bin dch

hp ng MPASM, cho php kthp vic lp trnh C v lp trnh hp

ng trong cng mt project.

c/ ghi vo b nh ngoi.


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C cc th vin m rng h tr cho PMW, SPI, I2C, UART, USART

v th vin ton hc.

3.

QU TRNH TO RA FILE .HEX

u tin, MPLAB C18 s bin dch file2.c v file3.c to ra cc file2.o

v file3.o. MPASM bin dch file1.asm thnh file1.o. Sau , file4.o kt hp

vi file3.o to thnh 1 th vin gi l lib1.lib. Cui cng, cc file object

cn li lin kt cng vi file lib1.lib bi trnh lin kt MPLINK. MPLINK

cng c mt linker script u vo l file script.lkr. MPLINK lin kt tt c

cc file ny to ra cc file u ra: output.cof, output.map, v output.hex.

Hnh 2.1: Qu trnh to file .HEX


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PH LC 3 :GIAO TIP GIA PIC V

ETHERNET

1.

CC PHNG PHP GIAO TIP

Thng thng kt ni thit b iu khin vi mng Ethernet c hai cch,

mt l s dng cc vi iu khin tch hp sn phn giao tip vi Ethernet, ph

bin l cc dng PIC18F66J60, PIC18F66J65, PIC18F67J60, PIC18F67J60,

PIC18F86J60,. ca Microchip. S dng phng thc ny c u im vit m

code n gin, kch thc bo mch nh gn. Ngoi ra cn c cch khc l s

dng chip giao tip Ethernet ENC28J60, vi cch s dng ny bo mch s c

kch thc ln hn, thng tch thnh hai module c lp c kt ni qua card

h tr giao tip chun SPI ( Serial Pheripheral Interface).

Trong module ghp ni Ethernet, ta chn cch s dng chip ENC28J60.

Cc ny c u im l s dng c cho bt k vi iu khin no h tr SPI.

2.

CCH THC HOT NG CA ENC28J60

2.1.

c im

ENC28J60 l thit b kt ni Ethernet c lp theo chun cng nghip giaotip SPI. N c thit k p ng nh mt giao din mng Ethernet cho bt

k b iu khin no c trang b giao tip SPI.

Hnh 3.1: ENC28J60.


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2.2.

Cc chc nng ca ENC28J60

ENC28J60 bao gm 7 khi chc nng chnh:

Mt giao tip SPI phc v cho knh truyn thng gia vi iu khin vi

ENC28J60.

Cc thanh ghi iu khin c s dng iu khin v gim st

ENC28J60.

Mt b nh m RAM dng cho nhn v truyn d liu.

Mt b phn x iu khin truy nhp ti b m RAM khi yu cu

c to ra t DMA, khi nhn v truyn.

Giao din bus trao i d liu v nhn lnh qua giao tip SPI.

Module MAC thc hin php logic MAC theo IEEE 802.3.

Module PHY m ha v gii m d liu tng t truyn trn cp i dy

xon.

.

Hnh 3.2 : Giao din c bn ENC28J60

2.3.

Hot ng

Tt c b nh bn trong ENC28J60 l kiu RAM tnh (SRAM ).

C 3 loi b nh :


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B m nhn l vng nh tm thi dng lu d liu nhn c t mng

Ethernet. Cc cp thanh ghi ERXSTH: ERXSTL v ERXNDH : ERXNDL ng

vai tr nh l cc con tr xc nh kch thc v v tr ca b m trong b

nh. Khi cc byte ca d liu nhn c t giao din Ethernet th chng s c

ghi vo trong b m nhn mt cch tun t.

B m truyn s chim phn b nh cn li trong b m Ethernet. B

m ny cng c xc nh kch thc vv tr thng qua cc cp thanh ghi

ETXST v ETXSN nh cc con tr. D liu trc khi truyn ln mng Ethernet

s c lu tm thi trong vng nh ny.

Hnh 3.4: Vng m truyn nhn ca ENC28J60.


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Cc thanh ghi PHY c s dng cu hnh, iu khin v ly li trng

thi ca module PHY. Cc thanh ghi ny khng c truy nhp trc tip qua

giao din SPI, chng ch c th c truy nhp qua MII thc hin trong MAC.

Mi hot ng ca ENC28J60 ph thuc vo ton b cc lnh c a t

vi iu khin thng qua giao din SPI. Cc lnh ny c s dng truy nhp

ti b nh cha cc thanh ghi iu khin v b m Ethernet.

Lnh c thanh ghi iu khin (RCR) cho php vi iu khin c bt k

cc thanh ghi no ca ETH, MAC, MII. Lnh c b nh m(RBM)cho php vi

iu khin c th c cc bytes bn trong b nh m truyn v nhn.Lnh vit

thanh ghi iu khin vit WCR cho php vi iu khin vit ti bt k cc thanh

ghi no ca ETH, MAC, MII. Lnh vit ti b nh m WBM cho php vi iukhin vit cc bytes trong 8-Kbyte b nh m truyn v nhn. Lnh BSF dng

thit lp 8 bits iu khin trong thanh ghi ETH. Lnh ny khng c s

dng vi thanh ghi MAC, PHY, MII hay b nh m. Lnh BFC dng xa 8

bits trong thanh ghi iu khin ETH. Lnhreset h thng SRC cho php vi iu

khin pht ra lnh SSR. Khng ging nh cc lnh SPI khc. Lnh SRC ch l

lnh 1 byte, khng tc ng ln cc thanh ghi khc.


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PH LC 4:THNG S K THUT CA SIM900

Hnh 4.1: Sim900

Cc thng s k thut

1.Ngun cung cp khong 3,2 4,8V

2.

Ngun lu tr3. Bng tn

EGSM 900Mhz, DCS 1800 Mhz v PCS 1900Mhz

Ph hp vi GSM Pha 2/2+

4. Loi GSM l loi MS nh

5. Kt ni GPRS

GPRS c nhiu rnh loi 8 ( la chn ) GPRS c nhiu rnh loi 10 ( t ng )

6. Gii hn nhit :

Bnh thng -900C ti +700C

Hn ch : - 350C ti -900C v +700C ti +800C


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Nhit bo qun: -450C ti 850C

7. D liu GPRS:

GPRS d liu ti xung: Max 85.6 kbps

GPRS d liu ti ln: Max 42.8 kbps

S m ha: CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 v CS-4

Sim 900 h tr giao thc PAP ,kiu s dng kt ni PPP

Sim 900 tch hp giao thc TCP/IP

Chp nhn thng tin c iu chnh rng ri

8. CSD:

Tc truyn dn CSD: 2; 4; 8; 9; 6; 14 KPPS

H tr USSD

9.

SMS:

MT, MO, CB, Text and PDU mode

B nh SMS: Sim, card

10. FAX:

Nhm 3 loi 1

11.Sim card:

H tr sim card: 1,8v ; 3v

12. Anten ngoi:

Kt ni thng qua anten ngoi 500km hoc anten

13. m thanh:

Dng m ha m thanh.

Mc ch (ETS 06.20) Ton b ch (ETS 06.10)

Ton b ch tng cng (ETS 06.50/ 06.06/ 06.80)

Loi b ting di

14. Giao tip ni tip v s ghp ni:


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Cng ni tip: 7 Cng ni tip( ghp ni)

Cng kt ni c th Sd vi CSD Fax, GPRS v gi lnh

ATCommand ti mudule iu khin

Cng ni tip c th Sd chc nng giao tip

H tr tc truyn 1200BPS ti 115200 BPS

Cng hiu chnh li: 2 cng ni tip TXD v RXD

Cng hiu chnh li ch s dng sa li

15. Qun l danh sch:

H tr mu danh sch: SM, FD, LD, RC,ON, MC

16. Sim Application toolkit:

H tr SAT loi GSM 11,14 bn 99

17. ng h thi gian thc:

Ngi ci t

18. Times function:

Lp trnh thng qua AT Command

19. c tnh vt l (c im):

Kch tht 500.15 x 330.15 x7.70.3mm

Nng 13.8 kg

Documents

ĐK Thiết Bị Qua Internet Và Sim900