. (heat exchangers). , , , , . . . , , (fins) (baffles). , , . , , , , . .

. (plate & frame), - (shell & tube) (crossflow). - , . , , (parallel-flow). , (counter-flow).

, - ( ) (sheli-tube exchangers). . . 1-1. . , . .

(baffles) . . . .

1-1 . (multipass heat exchangers). , U, . U. . .

5.2 , , . , , 5.3. , . .

. - 2-4 . . - . (floating head). . , , , , , , . . .

. . - 1-2.

, . , , . 10 2000 . . . .

. . . , . . . , , .. . . .

. . . . Th , . Tc , Tc . Th- Tc Q=A U .

Tc1 Tc2 :

1h-Tc1 2h- Tc2

,.

QHHG 12

hc QQ h2h1hc1c2c HHGHHG

G (kg/s) Q (W) 1 2 (J/kg). :

h2h1phhc1c2pcc TTCGTTCG Cp

Th , h2h1phhc1c2pcc TTCGTTCG

GTTCG hc1c2pcc

h2hphhc1c2pcc TTCGTTCG

(J/kg). h h2, :

Cph .

Q m . U , Q=UAm

Cp m :

21 21m /In 1 2 . .

U Q=UAm . U hd. Hdi hdo , U :

dooiooimidi1i h1ddh1ddkxddh1h1U1

diioiiomodooo h1ddh1ddkxddh1h1U1 Ui Uo , di do , hi ho , dm , x k

m, 21 21m /ln . , , m . m F m F . F Q=UAm : Q=UAFm

TTTTy

c1c2

h2h1

F . F - 1-2 ( ). F, , x y.

TTTT

xc1h1

c1c2

F - 2-4 ( ). x y

c1c2

h2h1

TTTTy

c1h1

c1c2

TTTT

x