-
Food Biotechnology
-
20Biotechnology 1919Karl ErekyBiotechnology 1982
-
1982 ()1985Moo-Young 1985
-
DNADNA()
-
Gene engineering
2070DNA
DNA
-
Cell engineering ()
-
Fermentation engineering
-
Enzyme engineering
Protein engineering
-
BC 6000 BC 4000 BC 221
-
1865BrunnGregor Johann Mendel8281866 35
-
19001de Vries F23:1 1900326 L.H
-
2Correns,C.E 19004211900,4,24(18)158-168
-
3(Tschermak) 19006,24 3
-
Hugo de Vries (1848-1935) Carl Erich Correns (1864-1933)Erich
von Tschermak (1871-1962)
-
1885Louis Pasteur) 2020 Alexander Fleming50
-
,,???
-
?17300
-
?
-
?
-
:?:,60,:
-
12
-
1
-
2, 70805 30
-
R.Franklin & Wilkins1952DNAX-
-
1953J.D.WatsonH.F.C.CrickDNAdouble helix
-
1962Wilkins WatsonCrick
-
1965JacobMonod
1968NirenbergDNAHollytRNAKhoranaFigure The lac operon includes
three genes
-
Marshall W. Nirenberg Robert W. Holley Har Gobind Khorana
Cornell University Ithaca, NY, USA University of Wisconsin
Madison, WI, USA National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD,
USA
1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize
-
2060Paul BergSV401972DNA1980Paul Berg Walter Gilbert Frederick
Sanger
1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize
-
1972BoyerEcoRDNA DNABoyerGenentechHerbert Boyer
-
1977SangerDNAMaxamGilbergDNAFrederick Sanger Walter Gilbert
1980
-
1984KohlerMilsteinJerne Niels K. Jerne Csar Milstein Georges
J.F. Khler
1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize 1/3 of the prize
-
1986MullisPolymerase Chain Reaction, PCR1993for his invention of
the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method Kary B. Mullis 1/2 of
the prize
-
1928Frederick GriffithAveryDNA
-
Meselson StahlDNA
-
21 21
-
1
-
AA
-
2005513833.23
-
2
-
25%
90
-
18 1990B.tBt(CpTI)(lectin gene)
-
3ACCACC
-
RNA
RNA
-
PHPH
-
4
-
(hGH) 1984
-
5
-
L-
-
,
-
:
-
200410
-
7225
-
10%,
-
() DNA 1
-
(BOD)BOD:(20 1) 5d ,,5d ,BOD5 BOD ,, 1h
-
DNA
-
2
-
DBT4s(sufoxide)(sulfone)(sulfoMte)(sMlfaM)DBTSH2SO4
-
3 ()
-
4
-
(food biotechnology)
-
18000450~50025%420080027004004504751/4199327130%
90750kg1992199315209014008070% ()15 1990B.
t"""""""863"CryIA(b)CryIA(c)
, )((ELISA )(PCR)DNA) 0.30.4123125%70%Rudolf
Diesel20002(Biodiesel: Clean, Green Diesel Fuel)55%
