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Chng 8CC B PHN PH

8.1. BP L TOA KHI - NG KHI

8.1.1. Bp l (hnh 8.01 - 8.04)

Thng c s dng trong nh gia nh v nh n phc v cng cng. Bp l phi m bov sinh, c ra d dng, khng b thm t, la chy u, thng khi tt, tit kim cht t vm bo sc kho cho ngi ng nu v t l v mi trng xung quanh. V tr ngi ngnu v t l phi thun li v d dng, kch thc b tr ph hp vi hot ng ca con ngi.

C cc loi bp nh bp s dng than (di ng, c nh), bp s dng ci, bp s dng in vbp s dng ga.

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8.1.2. Toa khi (hnh 8.05)

C tc dng thu khi v hi nu thc n t bp bc ln vo ng khi thot ra ngoi.

Toa khi bao gm khung sn v mt bao che.

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8.1.3. ng khi (hnh 8.06)

C tc dng gii quyt thot khi v hi nu thc n t bp bc ln.

Tit din ng khi ph thuc vo s lng cho nu trong bp. Nu nh nhiu tng, cn trnhnh hng ln nhau. Gia cc cn h ca cc tng cn c h thng thot khi chnh v ph.

Tng ng khi c b dy 105, mt ngoi trt nh tng ngoi, mt trong cn lm nhn mt trnh mui khi bm vo, tng ng khi xy va ximng mc cao. Ca ng khi phi c dintch ln hn 250 cm2.

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8.2. NG RC (hnh 8.07)

Trong cc nh nhiu tng, cao tng thng b tr ng rc, t ni cng cng trong cngtrnh. Nhng v tr t phi kn o, hp l.

ng rc c th xy gch hoc btng ct thp. Kch thc ng rc ph thuc vo slng ngi s dng. Kch thc ti thiu mi chiu l 300-500. Mi tng nh u c ca rcv lun y kn. ng rc phi thng ln mi thot hi.

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8.3. G - PHO - CH (hnh 8.08)

C th lm bn trong v ngoi cng trnh, c tc dng bo v v trang tr cho cng trnh. Khithit k cn trnh vn vn, chp v.

G pho ch c th p va, xy bng gch, btng hoc, bng thch cao hoc bng g. Kiudng, vt liu lm g pho ch c th la chn tu theo tnh cht, yu cu ca cng trnh.

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8.4. BNC NGM (hnh 8.09 - 8.11)

B cha nc ngm c th xy bng gch c hoc btng ct thp. C th xy ngm di cng trnhhoc xy na ni na chm.

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Gch xy b phi dng gch c mc 75, va ximng mc 50-75. Trc khi xy gch phi c ngmnc k, mch no va, xy theo kiu ch cng. Chiu dy tng b ph thuc vo th tch cha ncca b. y b c th lm bng gch c mc 75, btng gch v dy 150-200 hoc btng ct thp ti ch. Np b c th lm bng tm an btng ct thp hoc ti ch, phi b tr np thm b ckch thc ti thiu 500500.

Bn ngoi thnh b trt va ximng mc 50, dy 15. Thnh bv y b trt va ximng mc 75, dy 25,trt lm hai ln, ln u dy 15 c kha bay, ln sau dy 10, sau nh mu bng ximng nguyn cht.y b phi lng dc v pha rn bc kch thc ti thiu 250250.

8.5. BNC MI (hnh 8.12 - 8.15)

B cha nc trn mi c th xy bng gch c hoc btng ct thp.

Gch xy b phi dng gch c mc 75, va ximng mc 50-75. Khi xy mch phi no va, xy theo kiuch cng. Chiu dy tng b ph thuc vo th tch cha nc ca b. y b btng ct thp ti ch, cch sn mi khong 300-400 trnh nc thm t b xung. Np b c th lm bng tm anbtng ct thp hoc ti ch, phi b tr np thm bc kch thc ti thiu 500500.

Bn ngoi thnh b trt va ximng mc 50, dy 15. Thnh bv y b trt va ximng mc 75, dy 25,trt lm hai ln, ln u dy 15 c kha bay, ln sau dy 10, sau nh mu bng ximng nguyn cht.y b phi lng dc v pha rn bc kch thc ti thiu 250250.

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8.6. B PHT (hnh 8.16 - 8.21)

B pht thng c t di phng v sinh. Cu to nh bnc ngm.

Gch xy b phi dng gch c mc 75, va ximng mc 50-75. Trc khi xy gch phi c ngmnc k, mch no va, xy theo kiu ch cng. Chiu dy tng b ph thuc vo th tch cha ncca b. y b c th lm bng gch c mc 75, btng gch v dy 150-200 hoc btng ct thp

ti ch. Np b c th lm bng tm an btng ct thp hoc ti ch, sau dng nha ng bt khe h gia nhng tm an btng ct thp lp ghp.

Bn ngoi thnh b trt va ximng mc 50, dy 15. Thnh bv y b trt va ximng mc 75, dy 25,trt lm hai ln, ln u dy 15 c kha bay, ln sau dy 10, sau nh mu bng ximng nguyn cht.y b phi lng dc v pha rn bc kch thc ti thiu 250x250.

Cch tnh dung tch khi b pht.

* B pht bn t hoi.

Dung tch khi ca b pht: ngn cha + ngn lng. (W = W1 + W2).

Trong : W1 = 90.N.n (m3)

W2 = N.30 lt = N.0,030 (m3)

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- W1: dung tch phn cha nc (m3)

- W2: dung tch phn cha bn ca N ngi trong 3 thng.

- 0,030 (m3) l dung tch bn ca 1 ngi trong 3 thng.

- 90 l tiu chun dng nc ca mt ngi.

- N l sngi s dng.

- n l sngy nc dng li trong b.

* B pht t hoi.

Dung tch khi ca b pht: ngn cha + ngn lng.

Sngi s dng tiu chun di 6 ngi.

6 0,250 m3 = 1,500 m3

Sngi s dng tiu chun trn 6 ngi th:

- Ngi th 7-50: ly 0,200 m3/ngi.

- Ngi th 51 tr ln: ly 0,160 m3/ngi.

Dung tch khi ca ngn lc.

- Dung tch khi ca vt liu lc ly 0,110 m3/ ngi s dng.

- Din tch tit din ngang b lc ly 0,110m2/ngi s dng.

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